ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1939
Table of Contents
1 Geography, Climate and History
2 Government
3 Population and Births and Deaths
4 Public Health
5 Housing
6 Natural Resources
7 Commerce
8 Labour
9 Wages and Cost of Living
10 Education and Welfare institutions
11 Communication and Transport
12 Public Works
13 Justice and Police
14 Legislation
15 Banking, Currency, Weights and Measures
16 Public Finance and Taxation
17 Miscellaneous
A Financial Report
A(2) Audit office
C Secretariat for Chinese affairs
D Harbour office
E Imports and Exports office
F Royal Observatory
G Supreme Court
G(1) Registrar of Trade Marks
H Police Magistrates' Courts
I Land office
J New Territories
K Police and Fire Brigade
L Prisons
M Medical and Sanitary
M(1) Urban Council
N Botanical and forestry
O Education
P(1) A.R.P.
Q Public Works
R Post office
S Railway
REPORT ON THE SOCIAL & ECONOMIC PROGRESS OF THE PEOPLE OF THE COLONY OF HONG KONG FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Chapter I.
GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND HISTORY.
[Please see Chapter I. of the 1938 Report.]
For 22° 37′ N. in line 13 of Chapter I of the Report for 1938, read 22° 17′ N.
Chapter II.
GOVERNMENT.
[Please see also Chapter II. of the Report for 1938.]
No outstanding changes in the system of Government in the Colony occurred during the year 1939, other than changes consequent upon the outbreak of the war with Germany in September of that year. Appointments were made to various temporary wartime posts which included: Custodian of Enemy Property, Controller of Trade, Controller of Food, Censor and Detaining Officer. In addition a Prize Court was established in the Colony shortly after the outbreak of war.
On 5th September, 1939, the Commodore in charge of Naval Establishments, Hong Kong, was appointed to be a member of the Executive Council.
Chapter III.
POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.
Hong Kong is a free port and this and its geographical position renders it impossible to exercise effective control over emigration and immigration. It is difficult, in consequence, to give accurate estimates of the population of the Colony. The mid-year population in 1939, based on the results of the censuses of 1921 and 1931, amounted to 1,050,256. During 1939 approximately 90,000 more persons entered the Colony by steamships than left by the same route. This figure does not take into account all those arriving by junk or sampan. In addition, it does not include those who crossed over from Chinese territory by land. It is probable that the population of Hong Kong increased by about 650,000 during 1938 and 1939, the greater proportion of this increase being in respect of refugees from areas involved in the hostilities with Japan.
Hostilities between Chinese and Japanese forces close to the Kwangtung border towards the end of February, 1939, and again later in the year in this area, in the Chung Shan district between Canton and Macao, in the Island of Hainan and on the mainland of Western Kwangtung resulted in an influx of refugees amounting to many tens of thousands.
REPORT ON THE SOCIAL & ECONOMIC PROGRESS OF THE PEOPLE OF THE COLONY OF HONG KONG FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Chapter I.
GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND HISTORY.
[Please see Chapter I. of the 1938 Report.]
For 22° 37′ N. in line 13 of Chapter I of the Report for 1938, read 22° 17′ N.
Chapter II.
GOVERNMENT.
[Please see also Chapter II. of the Report for 1938.]
No outstanding changes in the system of Government in the Colony occurred during the year 1939, other than changes consequent upon the outbreak of the war with Germany in September of that year. Appointments were made to various temporary wartime posts which included: Custodian of Enemy Property, Controller of Trade, Controller of Food, Censor and Detaining Officer. In addition a Prize Court was established in the Colony shortly after the outbreak of war.
On 5th September, 1939, the Commodore in charge of Naval Establishments, Hong Kong, was appointed to be a member of the Executive Council.
Chapter III.
POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.
Hong Kong is a free port and this and its geographical position renders it impossible to exercise effective control over emigration and immigration. It is difficult, in consequence, to give accurate estimates of the population of the Colony. The mid-year population in 1939, based on the results of the censuses of 1921 and 1931, amounted to 1,050,256. During 1939 approximately 90,000 more persons entered the Colony by steamships than left by the same route. This figure does not take into account all those arriving by junk or sampan. In addition, it does not include those who crossed over from Chinese territory by land. It is probable that the population of Hong Kong increased by about 650,000 during 1938 and 1939, the greater proportion of this increase being in respect of refugees from areas involved in the hostilities with Japan.
Hostilities between Chinese and Japanese forces close to the Kwangtung border towards the end of February, 1939, and again later in the year in this area, in the Chung Shan district between Canton and Macao, in the Island of Hainan and on the mainland of Western Kwangtung resulted in an influx of refugees amounting to many tens of thousands.
REPORT ON THE SOCIAL & ECONOMIC PROGRESS OF THE PEOPLE OF THE COLONY OF HONG KONG FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Chapter I.
GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND HISTORY.
[Please see Chapter I. of the 1938 Report.]
For 22° 37′ N. in line 13 of Chapter I of the Report for 1938, read 22° 17′ N.
Chapter II.
GOVERNMENT.
[Please see also Chapter II. of the Report for 1938.]
No outstanding changes in the system of Government in the Colony occurred during the year 1939, other than changes consequent upon the outbreak of the war with Germany in September of that year. Appointments were made to various temporary wartime posts which included: Custodian of Enemy Property, Controller of Trade, Controller of Food, Censor and Detaining Officer. In addition a Prize Court was established in the Colony shortly after the outbreak of war.
On 5th September, 1939, the Commodore in charge of Naval Establishments, Hong Kong, was appointed to be a member of the Executive Council.
Chapter III.
POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.
Hong Kong is a free port and this and its geographical position renders it impossible to exercise effective control over emigration and immigration. It is difficult, in consequence, to give accurate estimates of the population of the Colony. The mid-year population in 1939, based on the results of the censuses of 1921 and 1931, amounted to 1,050,256. During 1939 approximately 90,000 more persons entered the Colony by steamships than left by the same route. This figure does not take into account all those arriving by junk or sampan. In addition, it does not include those who crossed over from Chinese territory by land. It is probable that the population of Hong Kong increased by about 650,000 during 1938 and 1939, the greater proportion of this increase being in respect of refugees from areas involved in the hostilities with Japan.
Hostilities between Chinese and Japanese forces close to the Kwangtung border towards the end of February, 1939, and again later in the year in this area, in the Chung Shan district between Canton and Macao, in the Island of Hainan and on the mainland of Western Kwangtung resulted in an influx of refugees amounting to many tens of thousands.
2
To balance this large influx of refugees, many thousands left the Colony in the autumn of 1939 at the threat of extension of military operations involving the Colony itself. The fall in the value of the Chinese dollar and the rise in the cost of living also had the effect of causing many émigrés to leave the Colony for the interior of China.
The table given below indicates the distribution of the population in the various parts of the Colony as estimated at June, 1939, but does not include the refugee element who arrived in the Colony subsequent to the 7th July, 1937, the date of the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese hostilities:--
Table I.
Hong Kong Kowloon
New Territories
Maritime
Totals
Non-Chinese..
9,896
11,835
508
1,372
23,611
Chinese.....
450,294
366,332
110,019
100,000
1,026,645
Totals...... 460,190
378,167
110,527
101,372
1,050,256
Registration of births and deaths is compulsory and the necessary data are obtained through twenty-nine registration offices. Stimulus was given to birth registration during the year when permission was accorded to post-register a large number of births which had occurred in the New Territories and when a large number of families desired to leave the Colony fearing that Hong Kong might be involved more closely in the conflict.
Births.
as
Registered births showed an increase from 35,893 (558 non-Chinese) in 1938 to 46,675 (566 non-Chinese) in 1939. Still-births numbered 1,402 in 1939, compared with 1,075 in 1938. For purposes of comparison with the corresponding figures for the previous year, it is desirable to include a table giving the crude uncorrected birth-rates based upon two methods of calculation. Firstly (A), the rate is calculated on a population estimated by extrapolation methods from the previous census-as in the table given above. Secondly (B), the rate is calculated by adding to (A) a figure of 200,000 to represent the surplus of immigrants over emigrants during the period 1st of July, 1937, to 30th of June, 1938, and a further figure of 500,000 for the corresponding surplus for the year 1st of July, 1938, to the 30th of June, 1939.
Table II,
1938
Method A
Method B
Population
Births
Rate
Population Births
Rate
Whole Population
1,028,619
35,893
34.9
Chinese
1,005,523
35,335
35.1
Non-Chinese
23,096
558
24.2
1,228,619 35,893 1,205,523 23,096
29.2
35,335
29.3
558
24.2
1939
Method A
Method B
Population Births
Rate
Population Births
Rate
The
Whole Population
1,050,256
46,675
44.4
Chinese
1,026,645
46,109
44.9
1,750,256 1.726,645
46,675
26.7
46,109
26.7
Non-Chinese
23,611
566
23.9
23,611
566
24.0
3
Deaths.
The number of deaths recorded in 1939 amounted to 48,283 (202 non-Chinese), an increase of 9,465 over the corresponding figure for 1938.
As in the case of birth-rates, it is necessary to give two methods of calculation of the crude uncorrected death-rates and these can be seen in Table III below.
Table III.
1939
Method A
Method B
Population Deaths Rate
Population
Deaths
Rate
Whole Population
Chinese
1,050,256 48,283
46.0
1,750,256
48,283
27.6
1,026,645
48,081
46.8
1,726,645
48,081
27.8
Non-Chinese
23,611
202
8.6
23,611
202
8.6
1938
Method A
Method B
Population Deaths. Rate
Population Deaths
Rate
Whole Population
1,028,619
Chinese
1,005,523
38,818
38,621
37.7
1,228,619
38,818
31.6
38.4
1,205,523
38,621
32.0
Non-Chinese
23,096
197
8.5
23,096
197
8.5
Still-births.
Only 1,402 still-births came under notice in 1939 (1,075 in 1938), a ratio of just over three per centum to the live births registered. It is more than probable that a number of still-births never come to the notice of the authorities.
Infant mortality rate.
15,678 Chinese infants under one year of age died in 1939, as compared with 12,001 in 1938; the infant mortality rates for 1939 and 1938 being 341 and 343 respectively. The rate among Chinese infants was nearly six times the corresponding rate among non-Chinese infants.
There was a considerable increase in the number of marriages in the year under review, both in licensed places of worship and at the Registry of Marriages. This can be accounted for principally by the fact that the Christian marriage and its civil equivalent are gaining in popularity among the Chinese. It is of course impossible to record the number of non-Christian customary marriages.
The following table provides means for comparing statistics in 1939 with those in 1938-
1938
1939
Chinese
Others Chinese
Others
By Special Licence in Church.
4
1
6
By Special Licence at Registry
10
9
4
12
By Registrar's Certificate in Church
116
115
151
114
By Registrar's Certificate at Registry In Articulo Mortis
209
79
423
70
1
1
336
208
579
202
4
Chapter IV.
1. PUBLIC HEALTH.
The continuation of Sino-Japanese hostilities throughout 1939, the intensification of military operations in the Chung Shan district lying between Macao and Canton from which a greater portion of the supply of vegetables for the Colony is derived, the extension to the Island of Hainan and the neighbouring mainland of Western Kwangtung, whence come most of the live pigs, mopping-up tactics on the Colony's land frontier followed by a virtual land-blockade for the last five and a half months of the year, depriving the Colony of its normal supplies of vegetables, pigs and cattle from Eastern Kwangtung, increase in the price of staple foodstuffs following upon the outbreak of war in Europe, disintegration of health services in most of occupied Kwangtung and the influx of malnourished refugees often bringing with them acute infections of various kinds, all combined to exert an adverse influence on the health of the community during the year under review.
2. EPIDEMICS.
Epidemic disease took heavy toll.
SMALLPOX.
Smallpox was less prevalent than in 1938, the relevant figures for 1939 being 198 cases with 153 deaths, a case mortality rate of 77 per centum as compared with 2,327 cases and 1,834 deaths and a mortality of 79 per centum in the previous year. Thirty-five of the cases were imported from Macao, Kwangtung and other parts of China. The principal
The principal weapon used against this disease was vaccination and 1,393,860 vaccinations were carried out in 1939, the figure for 1938 being 1,027,591.
CHOLERA.
Cholera reared its ugly head once again in Hong Kong in 1939. Apart from five sporadic cases in January, the Colony remained free until the 5th May, a peak was reached during the last week in August and the first "nil" return was received for the week ending the 25th November. Thirty-four cases were imported from Macao and other out-ports. Cases, deaths and case mortality are given in the following table :-
Year.
Cases
Deaths
Percentage case mortality
Table IV.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1,690
547
709
1,082
364
448
64
67
63
Many
Anti-cholera inoculations to the number of 320,748 were carried out. of these related to intending passengers by steamship, since stringent regulations were enforced by the quarantine authorities in the Philippines and elsewhere during the year. Owing to the many instances of cholera-infected persons arriving from Macao, special measures were taken to ensure that passengers to and from that port were in possession of valid certificates of anti-cholera inoculation. This measure met with local opposition which was, however, largely overcome in the interests of the community.
Intensive public health propaganda was carried out and took the form, in part, of the posting throughout the Colony of graphic posters demonstrating the ways in which infection took place and indicating the most appropriate preventive measures.
5
CEREBRO-SPINAL MENINGITIS.
were
Cerebro-spinal meningitis, essentially a disease associated with overcrowding and bad housing, prevailed again in the Colony in 1939. Some 488 cases discovered, being five more than in the previous year; of these, 214 (223 in 1938) died, representing a case mortality of 44 per centum (46 in 1938). Most of those affected were children or young persons under fifteen years of age. Supplies of sulphanilamide were obtained in sufficient quantities and the best results were obtained by the use of this drug in combination with anti-meningoccal serum prepared in the Government Bacteriological Institute.
OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
(a) Dysentery and typhoid fever.
With a deterioration in housing conditions, resulting from the refugee element, and in the general sanitary state of the urban area, owing to the fact that many of the refugees came from areas where communal hygiene was of a very low standard, it is understandable that dysentery and typhoid fever assumed somewhat serious. proportions.
During 1939, some 1,451 cases of dysentery and 446 deaths were reported, as compared with 1,071 cases and 340 deaths in the preceding year. Typhoid fever accounted for 857 cases (539 in 1938) and 385 deaths (187 in 1938).
Representations were made to Government by the medical authorities in the summer of 1939 urging the need for more scavengers, additional refuse lorries, the daily washing of the streets in the worst districts of the town and for a complete reorganisation of the highly unsatisfactory method of collection and disposal of nightsoil from the bulk of the habitations in the urban area which depended upon a single bucket system.
Government approved the immediate engagement of 200 labourers and the purchase of five additional refuse lorries. Directions were also given to the Urban Council to appoint a select committee to advise on the question of nightsoil collection and disposal. This committee had not reported its findings by the end of
1939.
Pasteurisation of all milk sold to the public was introduced on the 1st April, 1939, and no doubt will exercise a very beneficial effect on the incidence of these diseases.
(b) Diphtheria.
A somewhat alarming increase in the incidence of diphtheria was noted during the year. A total of 402 cases were reported, of which 142 ended fatally, comparing with 319 cases and 147 deaths in 1938. No actual source of infection, other than by carriers, could be traced.
(c) Leprosy.
A number of lepers were discovered amongst the refugees who sought safety in this Colony in 1939. These were accommodated temporarily in the Kennedy Town Leper Settlement (which is due for early demolition or very extensive repairs) until arrangements could be made for their transfer to Chinese territory.
By arrangement with the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception in charge of St. Joseph's Leper Asylum at Sheklung in Kwangtung, 100 leper patients were trans- ferred from Hong Kong in 1939. Some of them walked back, finding Hong Kong more exciting than life on an island in the Sheklung river.
Before the fall of Swatow in June, 1939, arrangements were also made for forty lepers to be admitted to the Swatow Municipal Leper Settlement on the island. of Ching Wei. Unfortunately, this settlement was later bombed and destroyed and the majority of the survivors walked back overland to the leper settlement at Kennedy Town, taking twenty days on the journey.
1
6
Arrangements were also made with the Church Missionary Society Leper Settlement on the outskirts of Pakhoi in Western Kwangtung to accommodate twenty-five lepers.
In spite of these transfers, the Kennedy Town Settlement had a population of 172 at the end of the year.
(d) Tuberculosis.
In January, 1939, tuberculosis was added to the list of diseases which must be notified to the health authorities. By the end of the year, 7,591 cases had been reported, a tithe of those existing in the Colony. Deaths numbered 4,443 as compared with 4,920 in 1938. It is feared, however, that this does not represent the correct figure, for a very definite disinclination exists to report cases and deaths lest these be followed by terminal disinfection of the premises and other disturbances to person and property. Hence, there are no grounds for satisfaction at the apparent improvement in the mortality from this disease in 1939.
As stated above, pasteurisation of milk came into force in 1939, although it must be admitted that there is little evidence of tuberculosis in milch-kine in Hong Kong.
An important step was taken by Government in the summer of 1939 in connection with housing and town-planning, which has such an influence upon the incidence and spread of tuberculosis in this Colony. The Town-Planning Ordin- ance, No. 20 of 1939, was enacted and a Board was nominated by Government. Labour legislation was also prepared-not yet enacted-which should have an important effect on wage rates and conditions of work, hence, on the tuberculosis problem. Intensive public health propaganda was carried out during the year against spitting and to disseminate teaching on the cause and means of prevention of the disease.
L
3. HOSPITALIZATION.
The serious overcrowding of the hospitals in Hong Kong continued throughout the year. In-patients in the group of three Chinese hospitals numbered 61,001 in 1939, as compared with 43,807 in 1936, the year preceding the outbreak of hostilities.
The three Chinese hospitals have an "official" accommodation of 1,102 beds, but the daily average number of in-patients accounted to 1,684.
As a temporary expedient, four large matsheds were constructed in the grounds of the Kwong Wah Hospital one of the three principal Chinese hospitals-to house two hundred bed- ridden patients for whom room could not be found in the hospital itself.
In order to relieve the Chinese hospitals in some measure, Government approved the erection of hospital huts in all four urban camps for refugees, internees and destitutes. These housed eighty beds and proved a valuable asset.
To meet the difficulties resulting from the periodical closing of the Canton River (and, consequently, from the impossibility of transferring mental patients to the Fong Chuen Lunatic Asylum in Canton), Government sanctioned the conversion into wards of a large block of buildings originally used as quarters for Sisters at the former Government Civil Hospital. This helped greatly to reduce the serious overcrowding in the Mental Hospital. ›
To meet, in part, the dearth of accommodation for sick babies, Government also approved the temporary loan of the former Maternity Hospital at the old Govern- ment Civil Hospital to a private charitable association, a Government Lady Medical Officer serving as medical adviser.
7
A small block for patients suffering from diphtheria, typhoid fever and similar infectious diseases was opened during 1939 at the Kowloon Hospital pending the building of a new infectious diseases hospital nearby on the Kowloon Medical
Centre.
Another minor, but useful improvement, consisted of a new block of staff quarters for the matron and midwives on the roof of the Government (Tsan Yuk) Maternity Hospital.
The Hospital Committee appointed by the Governor in 1938 under the chair- manship of the Director of Medical Services completed its deliberations in 1939 and submitted a report which has since received the careful consideration of Government. The report has been published and a copy may be obtained on application to the Medical Department, Hong Kong.
4. WELFARE ACTIVITIES.
A further large increase in the attendances at the welfare centres was registered in 1939 and attained the figure of 161,157 (124,046 in 1938).
A new welfare centre was established in May in Block C. of the former Government Civil Hospital. Measures were taken at the end of the year to convert the former Central British School in Nathan Road, Kowloon, into a health centre with a large welfare section.
With the approval of Government, sites were earmarked for a network of health centres throughout the urban area and New Territories and plans have been prepared to build these centres as and when funds become available.
Efforts were made to increase the "preventive" value of the welfare centres during the period under review, emphasis being placed on talks and demonstrations to mothers, domiciliary visits by health visitors, and so on. There is still considerable scope for such development at these centres which are too prone to assume the character of sick baby dispensaries in view of the heavy burden of sickness throughout the community.
5. NUTRITION.
Nutrition occupies pride of place in the problems to be solved in Hong Kong. It has been proved again and again that good housing, though of the very greatest importance to health, loses much of its value unless the occupants enjoy reasonable means for the purchase of food.
An overcrowded labour market reducing possible earnings, taken in conjunction with increased rents and a general rise in the cost of living amounting to about 45 per centum since the outbreak of the European War, has had an adverse effect on the general standard of nutrition in 1939.
Deaths from beri beri alone-to mention but one of the obvious deficiency diseases-increased from 2,673 in 1938 to 3,189 in 1939. Whole wards had to be devoted to the treatment of cases of beri beri and, in a relief hospital of 300 beds, it was usual to find 250 occupied by patients suffering from this condition or from other gross forms of malnutrition or faulty nutrition.
*
These
Further practical nutrition experiments were carried out by the Medical Department in the camps for refugees and destitutes which it administered. camps held upwards of 12,000 persons at times, consequently, ample material was available for field experiment. Careful checks were made daily in regard to the quantity and quality of food served, children were weighed and medically examined weekly and adults once monthly.
9
On meatless days the adults shall be given salted fish and/or Chinese chese (foo yee). The children from 1-14 shall be given salted egg. up to the scheduled weight on the four meatless days per week. Fresh green leafy vegetables shall form 70% or more of the total daily weight of vegetables. Onions, potatoes, carrots, tomatoes and melon for the balance. The items for beans or products are as follows:
Soya bean cheese, fresh bean curd, dried bean curd slices, sweet bean curd slices, soya bean milk and dried fresh bean cake. No whole soya beans will be served. In addition to the above a pint of congee containing two ounces of white rice shall be given to each person and soya bean milk prepared in accordance with the specifications of the Medical Department to all children and to any others recommended by the Medical Officer in charge
The prices include the provision by the Contractors of the following, viz. :—
1. Kitchen staff.
2.
Kitchen and cooking utensils.
3. Feeding utensils including chopsticks, bowls, plates, etc.
4. Fuel for cooking the diets.
Chapter V.
HOUSING.
[Please see also Chapter V. of the 1938 Report.]
A Town Planning Committee was appointed in July, 1939 and held several meetings. Some tentative recommendations were made regarding zoning in Kowloon and the reservation of areas for factories. The Committee has now applied to Government for the secondment of a Town Planning officer so that certain preliminary work may be carried out and submitted for the consideration of the Committee.
For the purpose of the sanitary inspection of tenements under the powers con- ferred by the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, No. 15 of 1935, the Urban District is divided into thirty-five health districts each of which is in the charge of a Sanitary Inspector. Each health district contains about 2,500 floors and, in normal times, about 25,000 inhabitants. House to house inspection forms part of the duties of the sanitary inspectorate and of the health officers. Some 56,207 sanitary nuisances were dealt with during the year and some 229,385 floors were subjected to cleansing with kerosene oil emulsion. Floors in the overcrowded central districts are cleansed four times annually and those in the outlying districts twice annually.
。
10
Occupation Permits Issued and Premises Demolished during the years 1937-1939.
Occupation Permits.
1937 Kowloon
Hong Kong
Chinese tenement
European type
type houses.
houses.
40
38
76
19
116
57
1938 Kowloon
64 (237 flats)
41
Hong Kong
39 (152 flats)
44
103
85
1939 Kowloon
129 (386 flats)
141 (427 flats)
Hong Kong
100 (345 flats)
74 (195 flats)
229
215
Premises Demolished.
Chinese tenement type houses.
European type
houses.
1937 Kowloon
18
2
Hong Kong
154
16
172
18
1938 Kowloon
14
2
Hong Kong
15
4
29
6
CO
1939 Kowloon
10
2
Hong Kong
14
со
24
10
•
11
Chapter VI.
NATURAL RESOURCES.
[Please see also Chapter VI. of the 1938 Report.]
Fisheries.
The fisheries of Hong Kong, from the point of view of the general economy of the Colony and of the number of persons connected directly and indirectly with this form of production, are the most important of the local industries. There are three classes of fishery products available in the open market: fresh freshwater fish, fresh sea-fish and salted sea-fish including mollusca and crustacea. Almost all the freshwater fish is imported from Canton, Sheklong, Shekki, Kongmoon, Wuchow and Macao. A portion of the salted and canned goods is imported from Shantung, Shanghai, Europe, America and Japan, and from Annam and other East Indian countries. The remainder, both fresh and salted, is the product of the local fisheries.
It is estimated that, during 1939, there were 2,722 large and small Chinese fishing junks either indigenous, or regular visitors, to Hong Kong. These fishing fleets are manned by at least 40,000 able-bodied men and women, and carry with them some 25,000 others who have no homes other than the fishing junks. In normal times the fleets make voyage of two to four weeks' duration as far as Swatow and Kwonghoi (Toishan), but since the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese hostilities they have been compelled to limit their activities to areas within and adjacent to the territorial waters.
During 1939 approximately 230,000 piculs of fresh sea-fish, valued at $3,450,000, and 220,000 piculs of salted sea-fish, valued at $3,700,000, were landed. This represents a total quantity of 450,000 piculs, or 26,787 tons, of a wholesale price value of $7,150,000, and a retail price value of more than $10,000,000.
It is estimated that over $15,030,000 capital is invested in junks, gear and general equipment.
Approximately 150,000 piculs of fresh freshwater fish, valued at $3,000,000, are imported annually.
Only a small fraction (usually about 80 piculs per day) of the fresh sea-fish is exported to Canton and the surrounding district. In 1939, owing to the increased demand for food-stuff in Hong Kong, the export of fresh sea-fish was reduced to a minimum. Usually, of the salted sea-fish produced in the Colony, 30% is consumed locally and 70% is exported to the interior of China through Canton, Macao, Shekki, Kongmoon, Wuchow and occasionally through Shanghai but now a large percentage is consumed in the Colony. The total amount of foreign produced salted fish imported into the Colony and then re-exported into China is valued at approximately $3,300,000.
The organization of production is on a loose co-operative basis of traditional growth. The fishermen, brokers, fish stores, lans or wholesale dealers, retail dealers and fish stalls are grouped into separate associations, not unlike mediaeval guilds. From fishermen the fish passes to the big lans or wholesale dealers either directly or via the fish driers or fish stores. From the big lans it passes to the retail dealers, the travelling salesmen or the stall keepers, and so
and so to the consumer. The hubs of the whole system are the groups of the twelve big salt sea fish lans, the fourteen fresh sea fish lans and the eleven freshwater fish lans. Their business is carried out entirely on a commission basis and between one quarter and one third of their total capital is advanced to the fishermen free of
}
12
interest. Between $20,000 and $100,000 is invested in this manner by each lan, and between $10,000 and $50,000 kept in reserve. A single lan will transact business valued at between $100,000 and $800,000 in a single year.
The local fishermen belong essentially to the floating population, a special class of people known as tan ka or "boat family". Their calling and trade is a specialised one and they are entirely unsuited to other occupations. Their junks are their only stock in trade. To these they have confined their entire lives for generations, regarding them not only as their sole means of support but also their only home. The fact that there are some 70,000 to 80,000 persons living in about 3,000 boats, the largest of which does not exceed 85 feet in length, and the majority of which are less than 60 feet long shows the extent of the over- crowding to which their traditional occupation subjects them. A boat of 70 feet in length provides space for the accommodation of 40 to 45 persons of all ages, besides space for fish, salt, gear, food and miscellaneous cargo.
The average earning capacity of a single able-bodied fisherman is $70 per annum. This general low standard of living combined with the hidebound allegiance to a centuries-old tradition has prevented the infiltration of modern methods and the adoption of modern appliances. The Japanese were quick to realise the advantage to be gained from power-driven vessels and the substitution of machinery for man-power. Sometime before 1937 a Japanese fishing company was organized in Hong Kong for work in the South China seas with the presumed object of controlling the entire industry in the Colony and in South China. Steam trawlers and improved fishing methods brought the company increasing profits up to 1937 when the business was suspended owing to the Sino-Japanese hostili- ties.
Trawling, seining, gill netting and lining are the principal methods of fishing in use in the Colony. Garoupas, sea-breams, golden-threads, flat fishes, rags, white herring, mackerel, crabs, halibut, sole, crayfish and mullet are found in great quantities off the Pearl River delta. In Deep Bay off the New Territories, oysters are cultivated in an area of approximately 20 square miles. The annual produce of this area is about $200,000.
A survey of the fisheries of Hong Kong was begun in 1938 by Mr. S. Y. Lin of the University of Hong Kong.
Agriculture.
The total area of the Colony is about 390 square miles of which some 20% is privately owned agricultural land. The greater part of this land is situated in the North Western part of the Colony where the only plain and undulating areas are to be found. In the remainder, which is of a very hilly nature, cultivation is confined to valleys where the available flat land is generally of narrow pro- portions. In these areas, cultivation for rice production has in some cases (where water is available) been carried some distance up the slopes but seldom has any attempt been made to utilize these areas for other crops.
The monsoonal
Rainfall at 85 inches is adequate for tropical cultivation. distribution of the rainfall with about 66 inches in the five months May to September and 18 inches in the remainder of the year further determines the forms of cultivation. The chief crop is rice. Two crops of rice are grown in the wetter months and in the drier months, where water is available, a crop of vegetables. Crop rotation is not practised and, in respect of the greater part of the agricultural land, rice is the only crop. This is made possible by the liberal use of fertiliser, chiefly human manure. While production of rice is insufficient for rural requirements yet there is a fair export trade in certain special grades for which an overseas demand exists. Consequently, the greater part of the Colony's rice requirements have to be met by import from overseas. In the present state of agriculture. it is unlikely that the rice crop can be materially increased, the limiting factors being land and manure. By the introduction and acclimatization of higher yielding strains and varieties it may be possible to
་
"
13
effect some increase in production but it is unlikely that any such increased pro- duction will appreciably lower the imports of rice required by the local market. It is customary to obtain two crops of rice from the areas irrigated with fresh water i.e. the greater part of the rice land, and one crop from poor soil areas and from those areas which though tidal, are able to be brought under cultivation during the rainy season.
Secondary crops of a general nature are sweet potatoes, ground nuts, sugar cane and fruits. These are produced on a relatively small scale and, with the exception of sugar cane, much of which is exported to Singapore, they are pro- duced chiefly for local consumption. In recent years more attention has been given to the production, during the winter season, of both Chinese and foreign types of vegetables. With a large urban market near at hand (i.e. Victoria and Kowloon) the farmer is beginning to realize that there is money in vegetables and it is estimated that some 25% of the urban requirements during the winter months is being supplied from local sources. This production is capable of expansion and much leeway can be made up in respect to the disparity between supply and demand, which, under present conditions, is met by imports.
More interest is being taken in fruits than formerly as is shown by the ac- quisition of more land for this purpose by persons with capital at their disposal. There is plenty of room for expansion of this nature on the numerous hill slopes, of which the greater part of the Colony consists, and, with a large market at hand, this type of undertaking should develop. Animal husbandry does not form a large part of the agricultural activities of the Colony. Cattle are used chiefly for draught purposes, while the production of pigs and poultry though fairly wide-spread is on a very small scale in comparison with the local market for such products. The possibilities of local dairy farm, poultry and vegetable enterprises are exemplified by the increasing number of such concerns run by people with capital. This is considered an encouraging sign.
Several commercial firms have been started in recent years to supply the demand among the well-to-do for vegetables which can safely be eaten raw and for better type farm produce in general. These ventures have met with success but their total production and market are at present small.
Cheap manure is one of the most urgent needs of the New Territories farmer at the present time. In this connection measures are under consideration for cheapening the supply of manure by improving the efficiency of the transport of the urban supplies to the rural districts. The general agricultural possibilities of the Colony, together with associated questions of social service and nutrition, have also been the subject of recent investigations by Government.
The New Territories Agricultural Association, founded in 1927, endeavours to demonstrate to farmers the possibilities of improved methods of cultivation. With the improvement in the status of the farmer and in his share in the urban market the value of such demonstration will steadily grow. The possibilities of the Association's premises at Fanling as a centre of co-operation and instruction are also important.
Shipbuilding.
The shipbuilding and ship repairing industry is the largest manufacturing industry in the Colony. The three main yards are, respectively, the property of the Hong Kong & Whampoa Dock Co., Ltd., the Taikoo Dockyard & Engineering Co., Ltd., and W.S. Bailey & Co., Ltd. These three firms were responsible for a total new tonnage of 24,081 gross tons completed during 1939 (compared with 12,426 gross tons in 1938), and for 14,644 gross tons under construction at the end of the year. The latter figure includes vessels building for British, Norwegian, Danish and Philippine owners. The two largest ships ever built in the Colony M.V. Breconshire and M.V. Glenorchy each of 8,982 gross tons have been completed and delivered
14
during 1939 after successful trials. The tonnage of merchant ships dry docked for overhauls and repairs, including one vessel which was lengthened amidships by over 100 feet, reach a total of 1,636,994 gross tons. Additionally 183,490 displacement tons of Naval ships were dry docked by the firms mentioned.
The anticipated expansion of the output of new Diesel Engines has eventuated. The largest Diesel engine yet produced in Hong Kong, of 2420 B.H.P., was completed during 1939, and Diesel engines aggregating 4950 B.H.P., were under construction at the end of the year, in addition to 4700 I.H.P. of steam. engines.
A number of small craft, including lighters, motor boats and yachts have been constructed in the native yards, but accurate statistics are not available. There are also many native yards with a considerable output of junks and sampans for the use of the shipping community.
Roughly 20% of the labour employed in the Colony's dockyards is on the monthly wage system and is directly recruited by the dock companies. The remainder is employed under the contract system by which work is hired out at standard rates to contractors who pay and are responsible for their own employees. Workers in each section of the industry are banded together into guilds. These are at present of the nature of friendly societies, but it is possible that they may develop into more orthodox trades unions in the future.
[Notes on the equipment and general facilities of the three main yards will be found in Chapter VI. of the 1938 Report.]
Mining.
[Please see Chapter VI. of the 1938 Report.]
Forestry.
[Please see also Chapter VI. of the 1938 Report.]
During 1939 forestry offences were very numerous and considerable difficulty was experienced in the protection of forest areas generally. The position created by the events in China was further aggravated by the European situation and resulted in further curtailment of imports of firewood from overseas sources. The reaction on local forest areas was of a serious character and much difficulty was experienced in maintaining control of the situation.
The opening up of land on Hong Kong island and on the mainland for various purposes connected with general development, defence works, etc., makes the task of protecting the wooded areas a very onerous one. The measures for control, put into operation the previous year, appear to constitute the best solution of a problem which is at all times somewhat acute. The necessity for a re-orientation of ideas in respect to forestry areas to bring them into line with the demands of development is apparent and steps are being taken to deal with this aspect of the matter.
(a) Crown Land.
Estimated Areas Under Forest.
Hong Kong Island-about 18 square miles. New Territories-about 4 square miles.
(b) Native Holdings (Leased Forest Lots).
Hong Kong Island-nil.
New Territories approximately 81 square miles.
(a) Crown Land.
15
Timber Production.
As stated above, output consists chiefly of the removal of dead and damaged timber. This timber is passed to the Stores Department for issue to Government departments in the form of firewood. During 1939 removals of this nature totalled 912 tons valued at $21,764 at current prices (i.e. average of wholesale prices for the year). The growth and yearly increment of timber of the local pine tree in the Crown plantations is generally considerably heavier than that of the trees in the leased forest lots. Under favourable conditions ten year old trees attain a height of 21 feet and a diameter of 4-6 inches (breast high).
(b) Native Holdings (Leased Forest Lots).
Under the conditions of the forestry licence the licensee may remove 10% of the timber per annum. It is customary to remove side branches (brushwood) at definite seasons of the year and these are utilised for brick kilns, etc. This results in the production of stunted trees which are considered sufficiently large for disposal as firewood when they have attained a height of 12 feet and a diameter of 2 inches to 4 inches (breast high). The age of trees is from 8 to 14 years. From inspections and checks it is estimated that the annual output of timber and brushwood is approximately 11 piculs (12.16 cwts.) per acre. At the 10% removal rate this should represent an outturn of 3,408 tons of timber and brushwood from the whole area under these holdings. However, until more accurate data becomes available definite figures concerning annual production from these lots cannot be given.
Proportion of Land Under Forests.
Area of Colony
390
square miles.
Crown Forests
22
""
""
,,
J
Leased Forest Lots
,,
""
81/1/
"
Percentage of Crown Forests
5.64%
Leased Lots
20.85%
Total percentage
26.49%
Chapter VII.
COMMERCE,
[Please see also Chapter VII. of the 1938 Report.]
The total visible trade of the Colony during the year 1939 amounted to a value of $1,127.6 millions (£69.3 millions) as compared with $1,130.1 millions (£69.9 millions) in 1938, and $1,084.4 millions (£66.9 millions) in 1937. Imports of merchandise in 1939 decreased by 3.9% as compared with 1938 and by 3.7% as compared with 1937, whilst exports increased by 4.2% in 1939 as compared with 1938 and by 14.1% as compared with 1937.
The following is a list of the appendices to this chapter with general obser- vations on the statistics shown therein :-
16
A. TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE.
Imports consistently increased during the years 1937 and 1938-both in terms of sterling and local currency-but declined slightly in 1939; whilst exports continued on the upward grade during the whole period 1937 to 1939. Exchange averaged 1s. 218d. in 1937 and remained steady in the two subsequent years at approximately the same figure.
B. PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL IMPORTS PROVIDED BY EMPIRE AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
During the period 1937 to 1939 the share of the Colony's import trade supplied by British Empire countries increased from 16.1% in 1937 to 17.2% in 1938, but declined to 13.8% in 1939. The United Kingdom accounted for 6.7% in 1939 as compared with 9.1% in 1938; Australia 1.2% as compared with 2.0%; British Malaya 2.2% as compared with 1.2%; and India 1.7% as compared with 1.9%. The percentage of imports from non-Empire countries increased from 82.8% in 1938 to 86.2% in 1939. The German percentage noticeably decreased from 6.3% in 1938 to 2.2% in 1939, whilst French Indo-China increased from 5.6% to 6.8%; and Japan from 3.0% to 4.6%.
C. PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EXPORTS SENT TO EMPIRE AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
During the period 1937-1939 the share of Hong Kong's total export trade shipped to British Empire countries has fluctuated from 16.3% in 1938 to 20.0% in 1939. British Malaya is again the largest Empire purchasing country, accounting for 8.6% of the total export trade as compared with 7.2% in 1938, the share of other Empire countries in 1939 being United Kingdom 4.2%, India 1.8% and "other Empire countries" 5.4%.
The percentages taken by non-Empire countries were China 16.9%, French Indo-China 10.4%, Japan 1.2%, Kwong Chow Wan 7.9%, Macao 8.4%, Netherlands East Indies 2.8%, Philippines 2.1%, Siam 2.9%, U.S.A. 14.4% and "other foreign countries" 13.0%.
D. QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF IMPORTS
DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
The principal commodities imported into Hong Kong are as follow
Food Stuffs
1938. $152,441,000
1939.
$137,369,000
Piece-goods
79,833,000
99,201,000
Oils and Fats
78,223,000
89,442,000
Metals
48,144,000
36,981,000
Chinese Medicines
19,593,000
25,828,000
Fuels
17,273,000
16,399,000
Machinery
17,136,000
10,688,000
Dyeing Materials
16,086,000
8,102,000
Paper and Paperware
14,743,000
10,640,000
Vehicles
14,140,000
13,627,000
Co
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4
>
17
E. QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF EXPORTS
DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
The values of principal exports of Chinese commodities from Hong Kong were as follow:
1938.
1939.
Wood Oil
$39,762,205
$49,525,910
*Tin
$16,318,553
20,529,233
Tea
$16,080,814
20,357,195
Wolfram Ore
$14,252,838
21,207,308
*Firecrackers
$ 4,647,436
3,552,252
*Peanut Oil .
$ 3,920,453
5,416,909
Hides
$ 3,672,228
7,138,920
Feathers
$ 2,359,284
3,913,538
*Preserved Ginger
$ 2,156,132
2,795,171
Exports of Hong Kong manufactured goods under Imperial Preference were well maintained in 1939. The Trade Returns do not differentiate between exports of locally manufactured goods and re-exports of similar imported goods. It is therefore impossible to give approximate exports of locally manufactured sugar, cement, rope and woven cotton and artificial silk cloth because exports under these headings include considerable quantities of imported goods re-exported to adjacent markets. In the case of many other classes of goods, however, there is little import trade and the export figures may be taken to represent mainly the export of locally manufactured goods. The following export of Hong Kong made goods has been assessed on this
basis
1938.
1939.
Canvas Rubber Shoes
$6,675,542
$8,495,901
Singlets
$5,019,924
5,741,079
Shirts
$2,168,543
4,000,182
Socks
$1,121,172
1,875,055
Other wearing apparel
$3,426,077
5,794,295
Electric Torches
$2,900,261
3,911,060
Electric Batteries
$2,189,923
1,734,976
Hats
$1,068,113
1,387,667
F. TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS OF TREASURE.
G. TOTAL VALUE OF EXPORTS OF TREASURE.
H. WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX.
I.
INDEX NUMBERS OF QUANTITIES OF COMMODITIES IMPORTED INTO Hong Kong.
*NOTE. China tin is refined in Hong Kong before export. The item firecrackers includes locally made firecrackers as well as firecrackers imported from South China and Macao. The item peanut oil includes locally manufactured peanut oil as well as peanut oil imported from North, China. Preserved ginger exported from Hong Kong is manufactured here from ginger imported from South China and sugar imported from the Netherlands East-Indies.
18
Appendix A.
TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE (IN $'S AND £'S THOUSANDS).
AVERAGE RATE OF EXCHANGE.
IMPORTS.
EXPORTS.
1939....
$ 594,199
£ 36,596
$ 533,385 £ 32,810
H.K.$ ls. 2.25/32d.
1938...
$ 618,169
£ 38,233
511,902 31,661
= 1s. 2.27/32d.
1937......
$ 617,064
467,323
= 1s. 2.13/16d.
£ 38,084
28,843
Appendix B.
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL IMPORTS PROVIDED BY EMPIRE AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
British Empire
Foreign
Australia
Belgium
British Malaya
China
French Indo-China
Germany
India
Japar
Netherlands East Indies
Siam
United Kingdom
U. S. A.
All Other Countries
1939.
1938.
1937.
%
%
%
13.8
17.2
16.1
86.2
82.8
83.9
1.2
2.0
2.2
1.0
1.0
1.6
2.2
1.2
1.5
37.6
37.7
34.2
6.8
5.6
6.6
2.2
6.3
5.0
1.7
1.9
1.0
4.6
3.0
9.4
6.6
6.6
7.6
5.0
5.9
3.7
6.7
9.1
7.6
8.7
8.8
8.4
15.7
10.9
11.2
Appendix C.
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EXPORTS SENT TO EMPIRE AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
1939.
1938.
1937.
%
%
%
British Empire
20.0
16.3
19.7
Foreign
80.0
83.7
80.3
British Malaya
8.6
7.2
8.5
China
16.9
45.1
40.7
French Indo-China
10.4
4.5
5.1
India
· 1.8
1.6
1.1
Japan
1.2
0.6
4.2
Kwong Chow Wan
7.9
1.9
2.1
Macao
8.4
4.1
3.7
Netherlands East Indies
2.8
2.8
3.3
Philippine Islands
2.1
1.9
2.8
Siam
2.9
3.1
3.0
United Kingdom
4.2
4.1
4.5
U. S. A.
All Other Countries
14.4
10.2
8.8
18.4
12.9
12.2
19
Appendix D.
QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF IMPORTS DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
Article.
Principal Source of Supply.
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
3
Animals (for slaughter)
Head
363,487 10,095,934
473,216 14,021,860 Kwong Chow Wan, South China,
Middle China, French Indo- China, North China.
Cement
Piculs
Timber
Cu. Ft.
939,391 1,772,132 830,718
3,535,990 3,919,750 2,952,936
1,483,436 French Indo-China, North China,
Belgium.
Chemicals & Drugs
6,404,359
Pharmaceutical Products
Chinese Medicine
2,848,699
19,592,511
Aniline Dyes
9,291,677
Indigo (artificial)
Piculs
8,636
Beans
922,459
"
Fish & Fishery Products
Wheat Flour
Piculs
Rice (all kinds)
Sugar (all kinds)
Milk (canned) Tea
"1
""
Cases
Coal
lbs.
Tons
Hardware
Malt Liquors
Gallons
Wines
19
Spirits
603,687 44,392 120,550
33,079 2,960,658 763,189 6,201,392
7,336,003
1,365,013 12,717,719
8,581,997 54,443,971 7,541,830 | 44,450,201 2,045,813 13,308,294 1,930,485 17,603,082 210,788 3,409,813 174,626 2,890,634
16,926,951 30,671,605 12,524,857 North China, Middle China, South
738,830 13,934,721 653,312
6,003,238
538,648 1,375,661
39,363 494,053
96,295 1,918,763
3,369,369 British North Borneo, U.S.A.,
Siam, Canada.
5,577,774 Germany, U.K., U.S.A., North
China.
2,157,702 U.K., U.S.A., North China,
Germany.
25,827,689 North China, Macao, French Indo-
China, U.S.A.
2,433,768 Germany, Switzerland, U.K.
1,176,022 Germany, U.S.A., U.K.
6,474,911 North China, French Indo-China,
Burma.
7,164,552 French Indo-China, North China,
Macao.
1,219,930 8,352,242 U.S.A., Australia, Canada, North
China.
Siam, French Indo-China, Burma.
Netherlands East Indies. Holland, U.S.A.
12,054,492
4,721,681
China.
India, Japan, Netherlands East
Indies, French Indo-China. North China, U.K., U.S.A.
1,381,378
North China, U.K., Japan.
417,648
France, U.K., Spain..
1,707,650
U.K., France, Australia.
Machinery & Engines
17,136,128
10,687,605
U.K., Denmark, U.S.A.
Sulphate of Ammonia
Piculs
1,234,988
9,431,860 1,104,351
7,469,547
Belgium, Poland, U.K., Germany.
Iron Bars
273,981 3,474,,895
329,605 3,427,067
Belgium, U.K., Australia.
1
Tinplates
218,858
4,866,254
165,163 3,577,317
U.S.A., U.K., Malaya.
""
Tin Slabs
113,218
19,450,562
Wolframite
47,251
19
Manganese Ore
21,664
"
Nuts
7,040,759 56,063 967,712 | 10,236,951
5,002,356
84,934 15,944,869 South China, North China, Malaya.
30,766
South China, Middle China.
2,306 578,051
7,014 5,523,645
North China, French Indo-China. North China, British North
Borneo, French Indo-China.
Seeds
173,496
3,585,980
206,812
4,344,414
North China, Malaya, South China,
French Indo-China.
Lard
Petrol
1,533 37,707 Imperial 14,395,809 10,962,436
8,534 11,244,444
197,336
North China.
6,668,467
U.S.A., Netherlands East Indies.
Gallons
Fuel Oil
Tons
Kerosene
246,601 | 12,728,474 Imperial 15,754,497 5,494,953
185,120 12,672,506
10,293,016
Netherlands East Indies, U.S.A.
4,242,295
Netherlands East Indies, U.S.A.
Gallons
Lubricating Oil
Wood Oil
Piculs
Peanut Oil
2,997,489 2,438,909
711,506 32,327,155
287,464 5,913,909
363,538
Paints
2,328,535
Printing Paper
Unbleached Cottons
Bleached Cottons
Light Cotton Fancies
Other Cottons
Pieces
19
Yards
"
U.K.
1,457,799
615,350 50,810,243 | North China, South China, French
Indo-China.
4,740,273 833,220
741,870 7,480,648 251,678 2,781,664 278,039 3,183,873 1,092,808 6,985,964 49,174,764 11,705,564 124,306,756 327,823 4,471,291 842,141 1,090,172
7,986,346 | North China, Netherlands East
Indies, Kwong Chow Wan. 1,942,358 U.K., North China, U.S.A.,
Germany.
2,263,520 Germany, Norway, Italy, U.S.A. 5,215,673 North China, Japan, U.K.
2,541,426 North China, Japan, U.K. 1,690,597 Japan, North China, U.K.
23,941,709 | North China, Japan, Macao, U.K.
957,836 Japan, North China, U.K. 908,894 North China, U.K., Belgium.
1,293,159 U.S.A., Netherlands East Indies,
Prints
Cotton Thread
Grosses of
955,971 577,527
50 Yards
Cotton Yarn
Woollens
lbs. Yards
48,035,978 | 31,006,160 | 67,348,734 |
1,759,224
36,275,490 | North China, Japan, U.K.
2,045,241 4,732,590
4,170,847 Japan, U.K., Italy, North China.
Silk (artificial)
3,304,035
3,425,595 Japan, North China, U.K.
Silk (raw)
5,296,211
Tobacco, Cigars & Cigarettes
lbs.
1,815,244
3,907,678
1,770,752
7,368,914 Macao, North China, South China.
3,827,253 North China, U.K., U.S.A.
Motor Cars
No.
800
2,819,324
952
2,789,236 U.K., U.S.A., Canada.
Motor Lorries
3,424
8,472,228
3,544
7,433,561 U.S.A., Canada, U.K.
Boots & Shoes
1,556,707
1,078,631 Czechoslovakia, North China,
Wearing Apparel
3,515,339
Gunny Bags
Pieces
5,899,587
1,657,431
4,578,128
China Ware
743,998
Cosmetics & Perfumery
1,108,589
Electric Lamp Bulbs
(all kinds)
883,879
Radio Apparatus
1,246,508
Feathers
2,619,634
Firecrackers
3,389,688
Hides (all kinds)
Piculs
98,447 5,482,534
98,442
Leather (all kinds)
Mats (all kinds)
2,747,263 1,906,568
11
Matches
Cases
Rubber (raw)
Piculs
1,611,180 35,367 2,410,211
427,279
2,704,889
U.S.A., U.K.
3,362,101 North China, Macao, U.K., U.S.A. 1,576,920 India, Malaya.
879,768 | North China, Middle China, Japan.
640,199 U.S.A., France, U.K.
640,406 North China, U.K., Japan.
1,865,121 U.S.A., U.K., Germany.
2,565,380 French Indo-China, Kwong Chow
Wan, South China.
2,404,242 Macao, Kwong Chow Wan, North
China.
4,585,173 North China, Kwong Chow Wan,
South China.
2,231,315 Australia, Malaya, Germany. 2,309,023 Macao, Kwong Chow Wan, French
Indo-China.
North China, Macao, Japan,
39,415 3,158,406 Malaya, Netherlands East Indies,
British North Borneo.
20
Appendix E.
QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF EXPORTS DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
Article.
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
$
$
Cement
Piculs
1,124,985
2,087,131
1,070.819
2,208,455
Timber
Cu. Ft.
1,016,354
1,315,882
274,043
289,272
Chemicals & Drugs
4,914,923
3,865,726
Pharmaceutical Products
4,159,535
3,014,292
Chinese Medicines
15,714,561
23,268,855
Aniline Dyes
4,821,612
2,817,856
Indigo (artificial)
Piculs
21,506
!
2,693.847
12,069
1,663,859
Beans
458,508
3,824,779
587,803
4,385,990
Fish & Fishery Products
6,704,216
6,390,934
Wheat Flour
Piculs
1,064,107
9,974,442
589,124
4,165,585
Rice (all kinds)
"
5,418,281
36,429,104
3,836,209
23,555,757
Sugar (all kinds)
1,605,715
14,470,235 1,559,645
16,284,432
Ginger, Preserved
2,156,132
2,795,171
Tea
lbs.
16,080,814
43.957,212
20,357,195
Hardware
3,013,405
4,369,712
Native Liquors
Gallons
202,720
689,906
242,200
893,314
Machinery & Engines
6,470,542
6,995,323
Sulphate of Ammonia
Piculs
1,439,992
12,445,400
963.910
7,437,828
Iron & Steel Bars
175,722
1,949,689
90,150
1,348,723
Iron & Steel Scrap
Tinplates
157,696
813,943
,
110,777
441,936
223,547
4,944,384
52
56,439
1,342,347
Tin Slabs & Ingots
106,345
16,362,918
11
118,128
20,560,943
Wolframite
80,817
14,252,838
""
127.987
21,207,308
Manganese Ore
37,146
63,652
Nuts
717,863
7,717,548
""
27.971
312,338
43,182
3,144,094
Seeds
130,498
""
2,860,771
144,890
3,326,295
Lard
Petrol
Fuel
Kerosene
Imperial Gallons Tons Imperial Gallons
35,188 10,936,933
884,008
30,120
712,699
10,267,764
6,985,001
6,502,601
75,676 14,394,702
5,141,422
30.935
2,140,373
7,378,516
7,196,524
3,835,302
Lubricating Oil
3,460,499
3,685,568
1.739,322
1,697,637
Peanut Oil
Piculs
167,941
3,920,453
233.003
5,416,909
Wood Oil
822,462
39,762,205
19
593,726
49,525,910
Paints
1,713,284
1,817,400
Printing Paper
1,283,281
584,952
Other Cottons
Unbleached Cottons
Bleached Cottons
Light Cotton Fancies
Cottons, Prints
Pieces
337,813
3,240,508
325,009
2,312,344
109,495
1,395,940
""
125,064
1,460,993
Yards
""
Cotton Thread
Cotton Yarn
Woollens
Grosses
lbs.
Yards
532,488 61,289,110 343,288 421,162 35,394,504 193,236
190,110
2,964,614
606,407
14,631,675
92,155,289
19,866,763
90,218 792,978
1,631,074
340,905
331,669
357,871
21,163,764
51,727,153
26,742,550
367,063
264,260
546,862
Silk (artificial)
1,016,028
1,494,824
Silk (raw)
4,446,735
9,423,419
Tobacco, Cigars & Cigarettes
Motor Cars
lbs.
No.
7,374,125
7,664,107
6,595,256
8,888,998
469
1,212,465
512
1,293,822
Motor Lorries
4,224
15,285,364
4,555
13,107,249
Boots & Shoes
7,585,639
9,433,730
Wearing Apparel
12,975,680
19,085,907
Gunny Bags
Pieces
8,781,568
2,733,911
7,133,807
2,879,645
China Ware
461,411
587,637
Cosmetic & Perfumery
1,007,637
1,098,050
Electric Torches
2,900,261
3,911,060
Electric Torch Batteries
2,189,923
1,734,976
Embriodery & Lace
1,380,026
962,528
Feathers
2,359,284
3,913,538
Firecrackers
4,647,436
.
3,552,252
Hides (all kinds)
Piculs
59,392
3,672,228
89,519
7,138,920
Leather (all kinds)
796,483
1,000,273
Mats (all kinds)
1,918,453
3,039,036
Matches
Cases
1,186,256
223,887
1,626,474
Rubber (raw)
Piculs
15,308
1,021,659
2,537
186,460
Trunks & Suit Cases
"
1,287,311
1,114,156
21
Appendix F.
TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS OF TREASURE (IN $'s THOUSANDS).
1939
1938
$
$
1937 $3
Copper and Nickel Coins...
210
1
421
Gold Bars
4,708
5,572
11,113
Gold Coins
90
331
Gold Leaf
1
9
8
Silver Bars
17
18
6,448
Silver Dollars
102
786
152,677
Silver Subsidiary Coins
286
1,025
135,339
Total
5,324
7,501
306,337
Appendix G.
TOTAL VALUE OF EXPORTS OF TREASURE (IN $'s THOUSANDS).
1939
1938
1937
$
$
$
Copper and Nickel Coins.
1,645
15
1,295
Gold Bars
64,047
48,538
10,979
Gold Coins
17
3,186
2,567
Gold Leaf
196
266
552
Silver Bars
7,200
1,600
5,986
Silver Dollars
788
52,385
268,150
Silver Subsidiary Coins
1,511
46,283
87,520
Total
75,404
152,273
377,049
Appendix H.
WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX.
1922=100.
1937
1938
1939
Foodstuffs
136.2
131.6
134.9
Textiles
117.7
116.1
106.2
Metals and Minerals
146.1
147.3
145.0
Miscellaneous Articles
124.4
127.3
125.9
Average
131.1
130.6
128.0
22
Appendix I.
INDEX NUMBERS OF QUANTITIES OF COMMODITIES IMPORTED INTO HONG Kong during 1937, 1938 AND 1939.
1931=100.
Items
1937
1938
1939
Building Materials
10
77.5
65.9
43.0
Chemicals & Drugs
18
133.8
93.0
96.3
Dyeing Materials
5
41.8
55.2
34.4
Foodstuffs
25
110.7
107.3
92.1
Fuels
5
126.8
119.3
114.5
Manures
2
141.9
SS.7
67.2
Metals
30
120.7
62.3
54.0
Minerals & Ores
3
308.6
22.8
9.7
Nuts & Seeds
7
113.7
310.9
201.0
Oils & Fats
14
129.6
145.1
123.8
Textiles
37
59.8
83.0
101.0
Sundries
29
71.6
64.7
54.6
Total Items
185
General Average
119.7
101.5
82.6
Chapter VIII.
LABOUR.
No new by-laws were made during the year.
The improvement in the industrial life of the Colony recorded during 1938 fully maintained its level during the year under review. An outstanding feature was the construction by local shipyards of the two largest ships ever built in the Colony. There was a steady increase in the numbers of factories where weaving and knitting is done and also in the shirt and pyjama making industry. Several new industries were opened. These include a match factory (the first in the Colony) and factories for the manufacture of buttons made from cocoanut shells and ivory nuts. Shanghai workers only are employed in the latter industry but some experienced workers from Canton are employed in the match factory. The output of rubber shoes, electric hand-torches, batteries, etc., for the Empire and overseas markets was well maintained.
There
For the first ten months of the year employment generally was very steady and most of the factories worked to full capacity, although the majority of them closed before regulation hours. Some difficulty was experienced in obtaining raw materials after the outbreak of war in Europe but this is gradually being overcome. was a steady increase in the number of workers employed in registered factories and the total at the end of the year was approximately 57,500. The amount of unemployment is difficult to estimate owing to the number of refugees still in the Colony. Skilled labour was in demand principally in the shipyards and there was also a steady demand for both skilled and unskilled labour by the military authorities.
"
22
Appendix I.
INDEX NUMBERS OF QUANTITIES OF COMMODITIES IMPORTED INTO HONG Kong during 1937, 1938 AND 1939.
1931=100.
Items
1937
1938
1939
Building Materials
10
77.5
65.9
43.0
Chemicals & Drugs
18
133.8
93.0
96.3
Dyeing Materials
5
41.8
55.2
34.4
Foodstuffs
25
110.7
107.3
92.1
Fuels
5
126.8
119.3
114.5
Manures
2
141.9
SS.7
67.2
Metals
30
120.7
62.3
54.0
Minerals & Ores
3
308.6
22.8
9.7
Nuts & Seeds
7
113.7
310.9
201.0
Oils & Fats
14
129.6
145.1
123.8
Textiles
37
59.8
83.0
101.0
Sundries
29
71.6
64.7
54.6
Total Items
185
General Average
119.7
101.5
82.6
Chapter VIII.
LABOUR.
No new by-laws were made during the year.
The improvement in the industrial life of the Colony recorded during 1938 fully maintained its level during the year under review. An outstanding feature was the construction by local shipyards of the two largest ships ever built in the Colony. There was a steady increase in the numbers of factories where weaving and knitting is done and also in the shirt and pyjama making industry. Several new industries were opened. These include a match factory (the first in the Colony) and factories for the manufacture of buttons made from cocoanut shells and ivory nuts. Shanghai workers only are employed in the latter industry but some experienced workers from Canton are employed in the match factory. The output of rubber shoes, electric hand-torches, batteries, etc., for the Empire and overseas markets was well maintained.
There
For the first ten months of the year employment generally was very steady and most of the factories worked to full capacity, although the majority of them closed before regulation hours. Some difficulty was experienced in obtaining raw materials after the outbreak of war in Europe but this is gradually being overcome. was a steady increase in the number of workers employed in registered factories and the total at the end of the year was approximately 57,500. The amount of unemployment is difficult to estimate owing to the number of refugees still in the Colony. Skilled labour was in demand principally in the shipyards and there was also a steady demand for both skilled and unskilled labour by the military authorities.
"
24
Chapter IX.
WAGES AND COST OF LIVING.
The increased industrial activity in the Colony which was noted in the report for 1938 was maintained during the year 1939, notably in the weaving and knitting industries. There was no appreciable change in rates of wages or in the employment
situation.
There was a distinct rise in the cost of commodities (rice, oil, fish, meat, vegetables and firewood) generally consumed by the poorer classes and it is estimated that the cost of a normal working class family budget (excluding clothes and rent) was at the end of the year about 20% higher than at the beginning of the year, and also higher than at any time since October, 1937. The rise accelerated towards the end of the year and the indications were that it would continue. There was, however, no appreciable variation in the cost of clothes. It is difficult to obtain reliable figures for the rents paid by sub-tenants in working class tenements, but the tendency for rents to rise was no doubt checked to some extent by the Prevention of Evictions Ordinance, 1938.
By the end of the year the price of oil had risen by over 60% and price of rice by over 12% as compared with the beginning of the year, a contributory factor in these increases being the outbreak of the European War and the consequent increased cost of freight.
The figures for rice are:-
1939
1938
Per 100 catties.
May $7.14
Average for four grades. December
Variation.
$7.74
8%
January $8.38
Variation.
December $7.33
14%
Average Retail Prices of the Staple Foodstuffs, etc., of Wage Earning Classes.
Rice (3rd Grade) per catty
Fresh fish, per catty
Salt fish, per catty
Beef, per catty
Pork, per catty Oil, per catty Firewood,
1937
7.9 cents
1938
1939
7.3 cents 7.0 cents
26.9
24.1
24.4
28.4
">
""
,,
25.2
23.9
,,
""
""
36.8
37.6
34.9
33
51.9
28.3
ง
49.7
22.2
54.4
""
""
23.8
>"
وو
J
10 cents for 9.8 catties
7.0 catties 5.6 catties
Average Rates of Wages for Labour.
Building Trade:-
Locomotive Driver
$1.30 to $1.80 per day.
Carpenters
0.80 to
Bricklayers
0.80 to
1.30 1.30
,,
""
Painters
0.80 to
1.30
وو
Plasterers (including Shanghai Plasterers) Scaffolders
1.00 to
1.50
1.00 to
1.50
د,
"}
Labourers (male)
0.60 to
0.80
""
""
""
(female)
0.40 to 0.50
33
Working hours 9 per day. Time and a half paid for overtime. Free temporary sleeping quarters provided on the building site and communal messing at cheap rates.
>
རྗ
}
4
26
Hardware workers Felt hat workers Cork hat workers
Green pea sorting Handkerchief makers Paper dyeing
Grass rope makers
Preserved fruit makers
Sugar refinery
Rubber shoe makers
$0.25 to $0.40 per day.
0.25 to
0.30 to
0.15 to
0.20 to
0.70 0.55 "" 0.25 0.40 >"
""
,,
0.20 to
0.40
""
0.30 to
0.35
""
>>
0.15 to
0.60
0.35
0.35 to
1.05 >>
J
دو
Working hours from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. One hour off at mid-day. Overtime from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. at day rates.
Domestic Servants:-
Employed by Chinese
Employed by Europeans
Gardeners
$ 7.00 to $20.00 per month.
15.00 to 40.00 15.00 to 30.00
وو
With free lodging, and, with Chinese employers, generally free board.
Note: The rates of pay of Government employees are much the same as
those of a similar category in private employ.
Transport coolies *Coal coolies
*Ricksha coolies
$0.60 to $0.70 per day.
0.55
素
""
,,
0.60 to 0.70
وو
,,
Chapter X.
EDUCATION AND WELFARE INSTITUTIONS.
Schools.
Schools in Hong Kong may be divided into two categories:
(1) English schools in which the principal medium of instruction is the
English language.
(2)
Vernacular schools in which the principal medium of instruction is the Chinese language.
In each category there are three classes of schools:
(a) Government schools entirely maintained by public funds.
(b) Assisted schools to which Government makes financial contributions which are called grants in the case of English and higher grade vernacular schools, and subsidies in the case of other vernacular schools.
(c) Unassisted schools which are run without any financial contributions
from Government.
One new Government institution was opened in 1939, namely the Teachers Training College which is training teachers for English and vernacular urban schools. There were 48 students in training at the end of the year. The College provides a two-years course, and is housed in temporary quarters pending the construction of a new building.
1
4
27
There were 20 Government schools in 1939, the same number as in 1938. Four of these are for British children of both sexes. 12 are English schools for Asiatic students and 4 are vernacular schools. In consequence of the opening of the Teachers Training College, no new normal classes were formed at the Ver- nacular Normal and Middle School and the Vernacular Normal School for Women. These two schools are in process of being converted into ordinary ver- nacular schools without normal classes and have been re-named Saiyingpun Ver- nacular School for Boys and Eastern District Vernacular School for Girls respectively. The Vernacular Normal School at Taipo continues to train teachers for rural vernacular schools. Two of the Government English schools are voca- tional, namely the Junior Technical School and Trade School.
The number of grant schools in 1939 was 19, the same as in 1938. Of these 15 were English schools and 4 higher grade vernacular. A new grant code for the regulation of Government contributions to these schools was prepared and was under discussion at the end of the year.
There were 276 subsidised schools in 1939 as compared with 279 in 1938, 155 being urban schools and 121 rural. A new subsidy code drawn up in 1938 was revised in 1939 and was under discussion at the end of the year.
The total of 982 private schools in 1939, an increase of fifty over the number in 1938, was made up of 134 English schools and 849 vernacular schools. Included are a number of refugee schools from South China which have establish- ed themselves temporarily in Hong Kong.
Altogether 120 new schools were registered during the year and 55 schools previously registered ceased to exist.
Evening classes, collectively known as the Evening Institute, were continued as usual in technical and educational subjects, classes being arranged in en- gineering, shipbuilding, building, electrical engineering, English, handwork and art, pharmacy, book-keeping, shorthand, method and English for teachers; the total number of students enrolled during the year was 958. In view of the opening of the Teachers Training College, the classes for training teachers were restricted to untrained teachers already serving in schools.
There were four orphanages and one home for incurables and aged women, all controlled by religious communities. The Hong Kong Refugee and Social Welfare Council conducted schools attended by 2,000 children in connection with the Government camps and food kitchens for refugees from China. The Salesian Institute continued to maintain two industrial schools.
There were three school clinics and two special centres for the treatment of eye, throat and nose defects. Innoculation against cholera and vaccination was carried out during the year and full use made of the services of the European Health Officer for Schools, two Chinese medical officers, one European lady medical officer (part-time) and five nurses.
An assistant supervisor of physical education was appointed at the beginning of the year.
All Government schools were supplied with portable apparatus, and physical history record cards for all pupils were introduced. Eighteen teachers in grant schools were given special training but classes for other teachers which it had been planned to open in September had to be postponed owing to mobilisa- tion at the outbreak of war. Sports clubs in the Colony continued to place their grounds at the disposal of schools for organised games; in the summer arrange- ments were made with some swimming clubs to borrow their premises for school swimming.
After the outbreak of war in September, 1939, a number of Government teachers were employed on defence duties and Government schools were handi- capped by consequent changes of staff. Fortunately it was possible to engage temporary trained teachers to fill vacancies.
•
29
The University Library, which includes the Medical Library separately housed in the School of Pathology, has a total of 46,800 accessions (volumes, Government publications, etc.). This figure includes the unique and valuable Hankow Collec- tion of some 3,000 volumes and also the Morrison Collection of some 2,800 volumes. The Library is subscribing to 200 literary, medical and scientific periodicals. Graduates of other Universities are making increasing use of the Library.
The Fung Ping Shan Library, which is a purely Chinese Library contains 5,073 sets in 45,004 volumes, also houses the following collections: Chu Hsueh Tsai Collection, 1,795 books in 17,618 volumes, Professor Hsu Sin-fu's Collection, 2,570 books in 25,842 volumes and Lo Tun Fu Shih's Collection, 3,186 books in 19,307 volumes. The last two sections are lodged in the Library on a loan basis.
Owing to the outbreak of the European War it was not possible to proceed with certain major developments such as the provision of a new Science Building and new residential quarters for the staff on the University Estate. The details of both these schemes are complete and the schemes were ready for initiation just as hostilities broke out. A new Faculty of Science has however been established and a new Diploma Course in Education was instituted as foreshadowed in the report of 1938.
A new hostel for women students was formally opened by His Excellency the Governor on the 29th. of August 1939. The hostel which is called "Our Lady's Hall" occupies a fine situation above the University grounds and provides accommodation for 25 students. The hostel is maintained entirely by the authorities of the French Convent in Hong Kong. Students of all denominations are eligible for admission to it.
Residential facilities for women students of the University are also provided by the Church Missionary Society which maintains a hostel for about 20 students and by the Sacred Heart Convent which caters for a similar number. About half the number of women students reside with parents or guardians.
Welfare Institutions.
[Please see Chapter X. of the 1938 Report.]
Chapter XI.
COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORT.
External.
SHIPPING.
Hong Kong has one of the finest harbours in the world. It is, in normal times, the chief shipping terminus between South China and the rest of the world. Regular services are maintained by shipping companies of every maritime nation bringing merchandise, raw materials and passengers destined for all parts of China. Details of the Colony's chief sea communications will be found in Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.
There is normally a vast traffic between Hong Kong and the adjacent provinces of China by junk. This at present is very much depleted.
The total shipping entering and clearing ports in the Colony during the year 1939 amounted to 74,617 vessels of 30,897,948 tons. This compared with 1938 shewed an increase of 7,610 vessels but a decrease of 64,808 tons.
23,881 vessels of 29,196,466 tons were engaged in foreign trade compared with 24,670 vessels of 29,530,384 tons in 1938, British ocean-going shipping shewed a decrease of 332 vessels and 1,251,971 tons. Foreign ocean-going shipping shewed an increase of 611 vessels and 1,215,467 tons.
30
British river steamers shewed an increase of 608 vessels, but decreased by 50,694 tons. Foreign river steamers shewed an increase of 226 vessels and 112,956 tons. Steamships not exceeding 60 tons, in foreign trade, shewed a decrease of 625 vessels and 16,087 tons.
Junks in foreign trade shewed a decrease of 1,277 vessels and 343,589 tons.
In local trade, steamlaunches shewed an increase of 5,775 vessels and 151,151 tons, and junks shewed an increase of 2,500 vessels and 88,026 tons.
AVIATION.
[Please see also Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.]
Hong Kong Airport is situated at Kai Tak, and has facilities for marine and land aircraft.
The slight decrease in traffic for 1939 as compared with statistics for 1938 is due mainly to (1) the Japanese occupation of Canton and Hankow in December 1938 and the subsequent reduction of the daily schedules, (2) suspension of the all-up mail and temporary dislocation of Empire route services through the outbreak of hostilities in Europe. Since the Japanese occupied Hankow and the neighbouring territory, the services to Chungking have been reduced and the flights undertaken by night. The suspension of the all-up mail service has resulted in a big drop in mail figures as well as a curtailment in the schedules of Imperial Airways.
RAILWAY.
Throughout the year 1939, the British Section reverted to a position as regards its functions not experienced since its infancy when all through running was suspended for long periods and the line was worked to the British border only. The current year, however, differs from those earlier years by reason of the fact that the border has been closed since August 16th owing to the presence of Japanese troops. This closure has resulted in marked increases in passenger journeys to and from Taipo and Fanling, the former station affording alternative communication with China via the Sha U Chung launch, and the latter via the Sha Tau Kok road-bus. This local expansion has failed to compensate for losses sustained at the frontier, on account of the very much shorter hauls involved and the decreased numbers travelling.
The local passenger journeys were 1,917,603 which is an all-time record, eclipsing by 403,623 the previous record attained during 1933.
1933. For reasons given in the above paragraph, however, the receipts from this source were only $660,698 compared with the 1933 peak of $704,183. In this connection it is worthy of record that the year opened auspiciously, the earnings during the first three months amounting to $209,068 which is the highest figure ever reached in any one quarter.
Receipts and net operating revenue were $911,046.87 and $128,613.38 respectively, as against $1,901,883.32 and $932,418.48 the previous year.
Operating expenditure was $782,433.49 compared with $969,464.84 in 1938.
In consonance with the complete suspension of through running, the operating ratio has depreciated from 50.97 to 85.88 per cent.
As a corollary to the growth of passenger traffic, local goods receipts rose from $28,193.15 to $40,645.96, or 44.17%.
The value of the rail-bus shuttle service between Taipo Market and Fanling continues to demonstrate itself. Although the receipts from this source alone are only 15.48% higher than last year, yet the normal passenger train bookings between these two points have shown a further increase of 92.34% over the figures for 1938
A
31
which in turn were 389.45% higher than those of 1937. The gain resulting from the elimination of the uneconomic overlapping of road and rail services can be gauged from the fact that rail earnings on this section have increased from $1,713.80 in 1937 to $15,989.78 in 1939. This latter figure is made up of $7,316.65 from the rail-bus and $8,673.13 from the ordinary train service. This striking advance has been achieved at the expense of an increased annual cost of only $5,330.00.
Prospects for the coming year are not particularly bright. There appears to be no possibility of resuming through traffic; a marked advance in local passenger receipts is not expected; a fall in earnings from rentals is anticipated, and a considerable rise in expenditure must be faced due to the war in Europe. For these reasons a cautious financial policy will need to be pursued.
POSTS AND TELEGRAPHS.
[Please see also Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.]
The total revenue from the Government Wireless Telegraph service amounted to $87,958 as compared with $126,902 in 1938; a decrease of $38,944 mainly due to enforced restriction of the mobile services in the latter months of the year.
The number of paid messages-mobile and commercial press services-forwarded and received during the year was 95,725, consisting of 8,557,491 words, as compared with 56,883 messages of 4,568,023 words in 1938; the increase being due to press services taken over by Government.
Unpaid traffic, which includes meteorological, police, anti-piracy, Rugby press, intercepted press, aircraft and air station operational messages, navigation warnings, etc., totalled 86,758 messages of 4,608,940 words as against 87,815 messages of 3,077,842 words in 1938.
Service messages totalled 5,647 consisting of 68,289 words as compared with 4,684 messages of 49,433 words in 1938; the increase being due to additional messages necessitated by war conditions.
Internal.
RAILWAY.
After the 12th of October, 1938, rail communication by the Kowloon-Canton Railway was limited to the section of the line within British territory.
ROADS.
There are 384.49 miles of roads in the Colony, 173 miles on the Island of Hong Kong, 106 miles in Kowloon and 105-49 miles in the New Territories. Of the total mileage, 227 miles are constructed of water-bound macadam dressed with asphalt, 11 miles of sheet asphalt on a cement concrete foundation, 29 miles of tar macadam, 68.49 miles of concrete, 3 miles of granite setts and wooden blocks on a cement concrete foundation and 45 miles of earth.
The public travelling over the Colony's roads increases yearly, with a corres- ponding growth in the number of motor buses, of which there are 109 operating on the island of Hong Kong, and 136 on the mainland. These are gradually replacing rickshaws, the number of which decreases year by year.
The Hong Kong Tramway Company has a fleet of 106 double-deck tram-cars running along the sea-front of Victoria from Kennedy Town to Shaukiwan. The length of the Hong Kong Tramway tracks is about 10 miles.
There were 4,439 private motor-cars, 362 motor-cycles, 385 public cars and taxis and 1,205 commercial lorries and vans registered in 1939.
32
FERRIES.
[Please see also Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.]
The number of vehicles of all classes carried in 1939 was approximately 355,000, while the total number of passengers carried by all ferry services between Hong Kong and Kowloon was about 56,800,000.
TELEPHONES.
[Please see also Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.]
Chapter XII.
PUBLIC WORKs.
[Please see also Chapter XII. of the 1938 Report.]
From 1st January, 1939 the Waterworks were put on a self supporting basis with a separate budget. This has resulted in partial decentralisation of the Water- works Office from the Public Works Department. A new post of Waterworks Engineer was created and all Waterworks staff and maintenance charges appear under a new Head B. of the Public Works Department Estimates.
The following is a summary of works carried out during the year :--
Buildings.
The erection of the new Central Market was completed by the end of April. The new Central Government Store at North Point was almost completed by the end of the year. The main building is of two storeys containing office accom- modation and large warehouses and is constructed of a reinforced concrete frame, concrete floors and roof and brick panel walls. The foundations are carried on piles. A large compound is provided for storage of materials and allows for future. extensions to the building. Alterations to the adjoining building formerly the property of the Yacht Club were being carried out to provide Asiatic staff quarters. The new Police Sub-Station at Wanchai Gap was nearing completion. The building is of brick with flat concrete roof and contains an office and accommodation for a European officer and eighteen Indian police. A contract was let for the site formation in connection with the erection of a new Government House at Magazine Gap. A hutment camp was erected at Wood Lane, Wanchai, to accommodate the workmen and a little preliminary work was carried out on the site. On the outbreak of the war in Europe, it was decided not to proceed with the scheme and the contract was cancelled. At Hong Kong Prison, Stanley, a concrete post and wire mesh fence was erected and alterations made to subdivide the prison and an additional septic tank provided. Adjoining the prison an Isolation Block for leper prisoners was under construction containing a dormitory, cell, wash house, cook house, exercise yard and guards' room. Alterations were carried out at the former Victoria Gaol to convert a portion of the building into a Remand Prison. Alterations and additions were carried out at Lai Chi Kok Female Prison to provide increased accommodation. A storey was added to the dormitory block for 100 prisoners and additions were also made to the reception block and the staff quarters. At Tsan Yuk Hospital a storey was added to the end wings at the second floor level to provide additional accommodation for the nursing staff. A flush system was installed at Lai Chi Kok Cholera Hospital. At the former Government Civil Hospital, extensive alterations were carried out to the nursing staff quarters converting the east block into three self contained flats for the mental hospital staff and the adjoining block into a mental hospital for females. The resident surgeon's quarters were also converted into a temporary Teacher's Training
+
4
32
FERRIES.
[Please see also Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.]
The number of vehicles of all classes carried in 1939 was approximately 355,000, while the total number of passengers carried by all ferry services between Hong Kong and Kowloon was about 56,800,000.
TELEPHONES.
[Please see also Chapter XI. of the 1938 Report.]
Chapter XII.
PUBLIC WORKs.
[Please see also Chapter XII. of the 1938 Report.]
From 1st January, 1939 the Waterworks were put on a self supporting basis with a separate budget. This has resulted in partial decentralisation of the Water- works Office from the Public Works Department. A new post of Waterworks Engineer was created and all Waterworks staff and maintenance charges appear under a new Head B. of the Public Works Department Estimates.
The following is a summary of works carried out during the year :--
Buildings.
The erection of the new Central Market was completed by the end of April. The new Central Government Store at North Point was almost completed by the end of the year. The main building is of two storeys containing office accom- modation and large warehouses and is constructed of a reinforced concrete frame, concrete floors and roof and brick panel walls. The foundations are carried on piles. A large compound is provided for storage of materials and allows for future. extensions to the building. Alterations to the adjoining building formerly the property of the Yacht Club were being carried out to provide Asiatic staff quarters. The new Police Sub-Station at Wanchai Gap was nearing completion. The building is of brick with flat concrete roof and contains an office and accommodation for a European officer and eighteen Indian police. A contract was let for the site formation in connection with the erection of a new Government House at Magazine Gap. A hutment camp was erected at Wood Lane, Wanchai, to accommodate the workmen and a little preliminary work was carried out on the site. On the outbreak of the war in Europe, it was decided not to proceed with the scheme and the contract was cancelled. At Hong Kong Prison, Stanley, a concrete post and wire mesh fence was erected and alterations made to subdivide the prison and an additional septic tank provided. Adjoining the prison an Isolation Block for leper prisoners was under construction containing a dormitory, cell, wash house, cook house, exercise yard and guards' room. Alterations were carried out at the former Victoria Gaol to convert a portion of the building into a Remand Prison. Alterations and additions were carried out at Lai Chi Kok Female Prison to provide increased accommodation. A storey was added to the dormitory block for 100 prisoners and additions were also made to the reception block and the staff quarters. At Tsan Yuk Hospital a storey was added to the end wings at the second floor level to provide additional accommodation for the nursing staff. A flush system was installed at Lai Chi Kok Cholera Hospital. At the former Government Civil Hospital, extensive alterations were carried out to the nursing staff quarters converting the east block into three self contained flats for the mental hospital staff and the adjoining block into a mental hospital for females. The resident surgeon's quarters were also converted into a temporary Teacher's Training
+
4
33
College. At each of the refugee camps at North Point, King's Park and Ma Tau Chung, a hospital hut was erected of timber construction with concrete floor containing three wards with lavatories, a consulting room for the medical officer, a dispensary and stores. Work was proceeding with the cutting down, filling and levelling of the ground adjoining Kowloon Hospital to form the necessary sites for a future extension to the present hospital and also for the new Infectious Diseases Hospital. A hutment camp was erected at Argyle Street, Kowloon, for the Chinese interned soldiers. The camp consists of sixteen huts of timber construction with concrete floors and accommodates 800 soldiers with quarters in addition for the guards. It is enclosed by a fence with barbed wire entanglements and watch towers are provided. The garage block at the Public Works Department was demolished and a building of two storeys was erected on the site to provide additional office accommodation. Six garages were erected at Barker Road adjoining the quarters for senior officers. Improvements were carried out at Queen Mary Hospital consisting of the conversion of the food service rooms into additional ward kitchens, fixing grilles and bostwick gates to several doors and windows, the erection of a car shelter and an extension to the existing garage. Owing to the pressure of other architectural projects it was not possible to commence the work of reprovisioning the south block of the Western Market, but the necessary working drawings and details were completed by the end of the year.
Roads.
Among the more important road works completed during the year were the super-elevation of the bends on Stubbs Road between Magazine Gap and Jardine's Corner, and Castle Peak Road, the reconstruction of Macdonnell Road and Tai Lam Chung bridges, access roads to New Kowloon Cemetery No. 8 at Diamond Hill, and Sheung Yuen Ling village, the funds for which were contributed by the villagers, the surfacing of lengths of Chatham and Fanling Roads, and improvements to roads in a number of New Territory villages.
Major works in hand at the end of the year included the super-elevation of the bends on Repulse Bay Road, the construction of Argyle Street extension, road formation in connection with the Wong Nei Cheong development, the widening of Bowen Road and of the road at Castle Peak pier and the widening and raising of the road between Taipo Market and Taipo Land Office.
Drainage.
In Hong Kong new main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 4,809 feet and new open nullahs and channels of varying sections to a length of 530 feet were laid and 174 feet arched over. In addition, 602 feet of parapet walling to open nullahs was constructed. In Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories, new main sewers and storm water drains were constructed to a length of 9,273 feet and 648 feet of existing sewer was increased in size. In addition, 486 feet of parapet walling to open nullahs, seventeen feet of double nullah walling, 370 feet of single nullah walling and invert and 5,000 square feet of nullah decking were constructed. A contract was let in October to re-align a nullah in open-cut and 23,000 cubic yards of excavation in earth, boulders and rock were removed.
Anti-malarial work was continued in Hong Kong at Pokfulam between Queen Mary Hospital and Sandy Bay where 2,160 feet of stream-courses were trained.
Waterworks.
A 16,000
In Hong Kong 20,754 feet of mains of various sizes were laid. gallon steel tank was erected on R.B.L. 7, the Peak. Schemes for new filtration plants and service reservoirs at Aberdeen and Pokfulam were put in hand. Nos. 1 and 2 pumping units at Tytam Tuk became unserviceable and were disposed of, and two new pumping units were ordered from England to replace them. Ten waste detection meters were fixed and a number of tests successfully carried out.
In Kowloon and New Kowloon 18,570 feet of mains were laid and 7,540 feet were laid in the New Territories. Four waste detection meters were fixed.
35
Valuations comprising 759 hereditaments, with a total estimated value of $7,784,888.00 were made for sundry Government Departments.
Town Planning.
A revised layout was prepared for Kowloon Tsai. No other new schemes or revisions of any importance were prepared during 1939, development having been in accordance with the recommendations of the Town Planning Committee of 1922 or with amendments and additions previously reported.
Expenditure.
The average annual expenditure on Public Works for the decade 1910 to 1919 was $2,447,010; 1920 to 1929, $7,410,820; 1930 to 1939, $8,549,732.
Comparative expenditure for 1938 and 1939 is as follows:-
1938.
1939.
Public Works Department
$2,213,667.71 $1,856,258.64
Public Works Recurrent :-
(a) General
1,811,168.55
1,279,837.52
(b) Water Works
1,063,856.71
Water Works Renewals and Improvements Fund
80,331.25
Public Works Extraordinary
1,899,902.40
1,817,096.51
Works undertaken and charged to Loan
Accounts
1,657,596.33
1,508,912.71
Miscellaneous Works
555,649.47
461,716.31
Total ....
$8,137,984.46 $8,068,009.65
Chapter XIII.
JUSTICE AND POLICE.
The Courts of Hong Kong.
THE SUPREME COURT.
[Please see also Chapter XIII. of the 1938 Report.]
The following figures shew the amount of work done in the Supreme Court during the year, 1939.
36
199 actions were instituted in the original jurisdiction;
1,420 actions were instituted in the summary jurisdiction;
157 probates and 227 letters of administration were granted in the probate jurisdiction;
477 persons were indicted at criminal sessions of whom 381 were convicted;
8 appeals were heard against conviction or sentence at criminal sessions;
16 appeals were heard against magisterial decisions;
8 appeals in respect of civil actions were heard.
The number of Trust Estates in the hands of the Official Trustee at the end of the year was nineteen :
During the year, thirty deceased's estates were taken into the custody of the Official Administrator and the administration of twenty estates were completed.
During the year 76 Hong Kong Companies were registered, 8 Hong Kong China Companies were registered and 25 Foreign Corporations were registered.
The total number of Hong Kong Companies now on the register is 703.
The total number of Hong Kong China Companies now on the register is 130.
The total number of Foreign Corporations now on the register is 301.
17 companies are in process of liquidation.
THE LOWER COURTS.
[Please see also Chapter XIII. of the 1938 Report.]
The following figures show the amount of work done by the lower courts in 1939:-
Civil:-
District Officer, North, Land Court
144 cases.
Small Debts Court
72
,,
District Officer, South, Land Court
.67
"
Small Debts Court
19
وو
+
37
Criminal:-
Hong Kong Magistracy, three courts Kowloon Magistracy, two courts.
District Officer, North, one court
29,779 cases.
27,666
1,813
District Officer, South, one court
670
"J
The figures below show the penalties awarded at the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistracies in respect of certain cases in 1939:-
Hong Kong.
Kowloon. Total.
Prosecution (against Adults and Juveniles)
29,678 27,641 57,319
Convictions (against Adults and Juveniles)
30,094 26,741 56,835
Adult Offenders.
Fined
20,707
16,660 37,367
Imprisoned in default of payment of fine
3,996
4,975 8,971
Imprisoned without option of fine
3,222
2,690
5,912
Bound over
1,266
1,718
2,984
Placed under Police Supervision
102
33
135
Cautioned or discharged
2,761
2,379
5,140
Defendants fined and allowed time to pay fine.
115
512
627
Juvenile Offenders.
Fined
235
273
508
Sent to Remand Home
138
130
268
Committed to approved institution
14
17
31
Bound over
221
171
392
Placed on probation
51
13
64
Cautioned or discharged
137
114
251
Whipped
125
34
159
Maintenance Cases.
Order made
17
3
20
Order varied
1
1
Committals in default of payment
1
1
38
Police.
1. The Police Force of the Colony is under the control of the Com- missioner of Police who is assisted by one Deputy Commissioner, twelve Superintendents and one Police Cadet. The Force consists of four contingents, European, Indian, and two Chinese, namely, Cantonese and Weihaiwei. The strength of the different contingents is as follows:-
Europeans
Indians
Chinese (Cantonese)
Chinese (Weihaiwei).
270
784
843
296
In addition the Police Department controls the Anti-Piracy Guards, a force consisting of 34 Russians, 67 Indian Special Guards and 120 Weihaiwei Chinese Police, who are included in the regular Police establishment.
2. The department also supervises 657 Indian and Chinese Watchmen who are engaged by the Police Department and paid by private individuals for the protection of private property. In addition there are 482 Indian Private Watch- men registered at the Guards Offices.
3. The waters of the Colony are policed by a fleet of ten steam launches and five motor boats which employ a staff of 257 Chinese under European officers.
4. There were 11,804 cases of serious crime in 1939 as against 11,388 in 1938, being an increase of 416 or 3.6%. Amongst the classes of criminal offence showing increases were the following:-an increase of 55 arms cases, 292 in deportation, 8 in intimidation and extortion, 186 in larceny, 11 in manslaughter, 18 in murder, 6 in murder attempted, 24 in obtaining by false pretences, 106 in robbery and 1 in women and girls Ord.
Amongst the classes of criminal offence showing decreases were the following: a decrease of 10 serious assault cases, 2 in assault with intent to rob, 84 in burglary, 3 in coinage, 76 in house and godown breaking, 6 in kid- napping, 108 in larceny in dwelling, 31 in larceny on ship and 4 in other serious offence.
There were 41,777 minor cases in 1939 as against 49,555 in 1938, a decrease of 7,668 or 15%.
Prisons.
By the close of 1939 there were three prisons in the Colony, viz:
The Hong Kong Prison at Stanley for convicted males.
The Victoria Remand Prison for male remands, destitutes, debtors and
deportees.
The Lai Chi Kok Prison for females.
On the 1st of January, 1939, there were in the Hong Kong Prison 12 European, 8 Indian and 2,815 Chinese prisoners-a total of 2,835.
The highest number of male convicted prisoners recorded in 1939 was 2,978 on the 26th of October. On the 31st of December the number was 2,803.
The Hong Kong Prison at Stanley has remained grossly overcrowded through- out the year.
39
The authorized establishment of Subordinate Staff for 1939 was:-
European Officers
Indian Officers
Chinese Staff
Male Staff
Female Officers
Total Subordinate Staff
73
226
62
361
28
389
The total number of persons committed to prison in the year 1939 was 16,146 as compared with 15,046 in 1938. The daily average number of prisoners in the prisons in 1939 was:
Hong Kong Prison
Victoria Remand Prison Female Prison
2,832
88 (from 16.10.-31.12.39) 183.
The highest previous average was 2,556 in 1938. Over 87% of
Over 87% of prisoners admitted are persons born outside the Colony. The percentage of convicted prisoners admitted to prison with previous convictions recorded against them was 31.5 as compared with 24.3 in 1938 and 21.6 in 1937. The percentage of male prisoners with previous convictions was 33.1.
No measures exist at present for the mental training of prisoners. Prisoners may, however, purchase books for their own use; they also have access to books, English and Chinese, from the prisoners' library.
Spiritual training is confined to visits paid on Sundays by officially appointed Chaplains and by approved preachers and laymen.
The confinement and training of young offenders is carried out in the Juvenile Remand Home in Hong Kong. The Home is administered by the Commissioner of Police.
No system of after-care is in operation.
The health of the prisoners generally was good and the discipline in the prisons was well maintained.
Prisoners are employed in printing, bookbinding, shoemaking, tinsmithing, matmaking, tailoring, carpentering, weaving, gardening, laundry work, cleaning and minor repairs in buildings. The bulk of Government printing and book- binding is done in the Hong Kong Prison.
The total cost of each prisoner for the year (average) was $302.91.
The cost of feeding each prisoner for the year (average) was $62.89.
Remand Homes.
During the year 247 boys underwent sentences of detention for various crimes at the Remand Home for Juveniles (Boys), and 44 girls underwent detention at the Remand Home for Girls. These institutions are not under prison administration. The boys are given instruction in elementary reading and writing and in rattan work. The girls are given employment in house-work, laundry, and making and mending clothes. There are recreation facilities at both Homes.
There are four Probation Officers, two males and two females, attached to the Homes.
40
Chapter XIV.
LEGISLATION.
Forty-four ordinances were passed during the year 1939. These, and also the regulations, by-laws and other subordinate legislation enacted during 1939, are published in a separate volume by the Government Printers. The forty-four ordinances comprised two appropriation, five replacement, twenty-eight amendment, and nine ordinances which were new to the Colony.
The Appropriation Ordinance (No. 40) applied a sum not exceeding $49,706.787 to the public service for the year 1939, and Ordinance No. 15 appropriated a supplementary sum of $3,426,243.48 to defray the charges of the year 1938.
The five replacement ordinances were :-
(1) The Defence Contribution Ordinance (No. 8). This ordinance replaced the Defence Contribution Ordinance, 1901, (No. 1), its amending ordinance, 1935, (No. 43) and various sections of other ordinances dealing with the same matter. It made provision for the Colony's yearly contributions to His Majesty's Government for defence.
(2) The Hydrocarbon Oils Ordinance (No. 11). This ordinance, which replaced the Motor Spirit Ordinance, 1930 (No. 4), its amending ordinances, and all regulations and resolutions made thereunder, consolidated and amended the law relating to the taxation of hydro- carbon oils.
(3) The Registration of Persons Ordinance (No. 12). This ordinance, which replaced the Registration of Persons Ordinance, 1934 (No. 3) and its amending ordinances, consolidated and amended the law relating to the registration of persons.
(4) The Law Revision Ordinance (No. 33). This ordinance which replaced the Law Revision Ordinance, 1937 (No. 27) made provision for minor amendments and repeals in connection with the revision of the ordinances of Hong Kong.
(5) The Prevention of Eviction Consolidation and Amendment Ordinance (No. 44). This ordinance replaced the Prevention of Eviction Ordinance, 1938, and its amending ordinances. In addition to consolidating and amending the previous law it introduced certain restrictions on the issue of distress warrants.
The twenty-eight amending ordinances covered a wide range of subjects, namely-
Asiatic Emigration (No. 1), Criminal Procedure (No. 2), Dangerous Drugs (No. 3), Prevention of Eviction (Nos. 5 and 19), Evidence (No. 6), Offences Against the Person (No. 7), Supreme Court and Full Court Ordinances (No. 10), Protection of Women and Girls (No. 14), Protection of Cruelty to Animals (No. 16), Trustee (No. 17), Ordinances and Regulations of Hong Kong (1937 edition) (No. 18), Merchant Shipping (No. 22), Telecommunication (No. 23), Sterling Salaries Conversion (No. 24), Rating (Nos. 26 and 42), Dangerous Goods (No. 27), Pensions (No. 28), Volunteer (Nos. 29, 37 and 43), Registration of Persons (No. 30), Hydrocarbon Oils (No. 31), Births and Deaths Registration (No. 34), Urban Council (No. 35), Promissory Oaths (No. 39), Vagrancy (No. 41).
The ordinances new to the Colony were:-
(1) The Government House and City Development Fund Winding Up (No. 4). This ordinance repealed the Government House and City Development Scheme Ordinance, 1934 (No. 30), and appropriated to general revenue the balance of the fund established under the repealed ordinance.
•
42
Chapter XV.
BANKING, CURRENCY, WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
The Colony is well served by banking institutions, including branches of English, American, French, Netherlands, Japanese and Chinese banks. Besides the fourteen banks which are members of the Clearing House, there are several Chinese Banks. Many native Hongs do some banking business. There are no banks which devote themselves especially to agricultural and co-operative banking. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation conducts, in addition to its normal banking activities, the business of the Hong Kong Savings Bank on usual savings bank principles. The credit and repute of the Colony's financial institutions are high and it is satisfactory to know that ample encouragement and support are available to finance any possible demand.
The currency of the Colony, which was formerly based on silver, underwent very important changes at the end of 1935. The unit of currency is the Hong Kong dollar, divided into 100 cents. Until 1935 its exchange value fluctuated with the price of silver; but since the passing of the Currency Ordinance on the 5th of December, 1935, the value of the dollar is controlled by an Exchange Fund, which has power to buy and sell foreign exchange, and has taken over the silver formerly held against their issues by the note-issuing banks, in return for certificates of indebtedness against which the Fund may hold bullion, foreign exchange or approved. securities. At the 30th of June, 1939 (the latest date for which figures have been made public) the Fund had issued Certificates of Indebtedness to the value of $192,121,887, which is equivalent to £11,907,554 @ 1/23, the middle market rate on that day. The total assets of the Fund amounted to £13,226,195.
The legal tender currency of the Colony is now as follows:-
(a) Bank notes, the excess of which over the fiduciary issue of each bank
is now backed by certificates, not by silver as formerly
at 31.12.39.
(i) Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China
() Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation
$25,524,624
.$195,232,228
iii) Mercantile Bank of India ́.
$4,843,727
(b) Government $1 notes, of which $6,443,000 were in circulation at the
end of 1939.
(c) 10 cent and 5 cent nickel coins with the security rim.
(d) 1 cent copper coins.
(e) .800 fine silver sub-coin (10 cent and 5 cent pieces, and a few 50 and 20 cent pieces), which has either remained in circulation in the Colony or filters back into it from the mainland of China, is still legal tender in the Colony. Sub-coin is legal tender only up to an amount of $2.00.
The currency situation remained stable during the year.
The weights and measures in use in the Colony are defined in the Schedule to Ordinance No. 2 of 1885. They consist of the standards in the United Kingdom and of the following Chinese Weights and Measures :---
1 fan (candareen)
=
0.0133 ounces avoirdupois.
་
· 43
1 tsin (mace)
.133
ounces avoirdupois.
1 leung (tael)
1.33
ounces avoirdupois.
1 kan (catty)
1.33
pounds avoirdupois.
1 tam (picul)
133.33
pounds avoirdupois.
1 check (foot)
14 English inches divided into 10 tsun (inches) and each tsun into ten fan or tenths.
Chapter XVI.
PUBLIC FINANCE AND TAXATION.
The following tables show the Revenue and Expenditure for the five years 1935 to 1939 inclusive.
Revenue.
Expenditure.
Surplus.
Deficit.
1935....
.$28,430,550 $28,291,636 $ 138,194
1936....
30,042,984 29,513,520 529,464
1937....
33,196,368 32,111,222 1,085,146
1938....
36,735,854 37,175,897
440,043
1939..........
41,478,052 37,949,116 3,528,936
The estimates for 1939 provided for a deficit of $1,659,898, revenue being put at $36,097,325 and expenditure at $37,757,223. No new or increased taxes were imposed during the year. The increase in revenue was due to the diversion of a large proportion of China's trade to ports trading through Hong Kong, which continued through the greater part of 1939, and to the general increase of the Colony's population owing to an influx of refugees which reached its maximum in the latter months of the year. The effect of this increase in population is most clearly seen in the receipts from rates and from import, betting and entertainment duties.
The situation in China and its direct or indirect repercussions on the Colony, particularly as regards emergency relief and two epidemics of disease, were res- ponsible for the large proportion of the increase in expenditure. A new system of accounting, directed by the Secretary of State, and a revision of the method of payment of the Military Contribution also had the effect of weighting the 1939 expenditure in a manner which had not been foreseen when the estimates were prepared, though future liabilities were thereby reduced.
The Public Debt of the Colony at the 31st of December, 1939, was $16,038,000 consisting of two issues: the 4% Conversion Loan of $4,838,000, raised in 1933, the sinking fund of which amounted, on the 31st of December, 1939, to £75,567. 2. 7; and the 31% Dollar Loan raised in July, 1934. This latter loan is redeemable by drawings at par in each of the twenty-five years commencing in 1935 at the annual rate of one twenty-fifth of such issue. The amount outstanding at the 31st of December, 1939, was thus reduced to $11,200,000.
44
The Assets and Liabilities of the Colony on the 31st of December, 1939, are shewn in the following statement :-
LIABILITIES.
ASSETS.
C.
C.
DEPOSITS:-
CASH
Contractors and
Officers
Miscellaneous
$ 588,810.00
1,466,962.07
Current Account
No. 1
$ 1,137,216.16
2,055,772.07
Current Account
No. 2
1,571,097.05
Crown Agents for the
Colonies
40,226.49
ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES "R" ACCOUNT.
1,571,097.05
*Joint Colonial Fund.
2,145,882.36
Imprest Account
10,420.17
SPECIAL FUNDS :-
Subsidiary Coin
35,000.00
King George V
4,939,842.23
Memorial Fund
.$ 158,368.56
FIXED DEPOSITS :—
Chinese Public
Dispensaries Fund
33,160.07
General
$ 1,050,000.00
District Watchmen's
Miscellaneous
105,464.16
Fund
114,851.31
1,155,464.16
Education Scholarships
6,095,306.39
Fund
86,220.41
ADVANCES :-
Pending reimbursement from Loans
Praya East
Reclamation Fund
127.10
3/12%
392,727.45
Dollar
Loan. $11,140,000.00
NOTE SECURITY FUND
6,396,502.44
Pro-
posed
New
NICKEL COINAGE SECURITY FUND
1,622,272.19
Loan. 2,306,262.30
-$13,446.262.30
WATER WORKS RENEWALS AND
IMPROVEMENTS FUND
Miscellaneous
78,218.02
333,675.75
13,524,480.32
Total Cash and Advances
EXCHANGE ADJUSTMENT ACCOUNT
21,713.94
19,619,786.71
12,393,760.89
RESERVE STOCKS OF ESSENTIAL
COMMODITIES
1,571,097.05
INVESTMENTS, &C., ON ACCOUNT OF
SPECIAL FUNDS :-
Investments
$ 112,250.00
Fixed Deposits
30,000.00
142,250.00
INVESTMENTS, &C., ON ACCOUNT OF
NOTE ISSUE :—
Fixed Deposit
.$ 4,000,000.00
Current Account
2,396,502.44
INVESTMENTS, &C., ON ACCOUNT OF
NICKEL COINAGE :-
Sterling Investment ..$ 1,317,987.83
Current Account
GENERAL REVENUE BALANCE
17,091,170.73 SUSPENSE ACCOUNT
TOTAL
29,484,931.62
TOTAL
6,396,502.44
304,284.36
1,622,272.19
133,023.23
*Joint Colonial Fund £133,000. Os. Od.
29,484,931.62
45
The main heads of taxation enforced in the Colony, with the yield of each for 1939, are as follows:-
(a) Duties on Liquor, Tobacco, Motor Spirit and Perfumed
Spirit
(b) Port and Harbour Dues
(d) Estate Duty
(c) Rates (Assessed Taxes)
(e) Stamp Duties
(f) Entertainment Tax
(g) Bet and Sweeps Tax
$11,156,449.01
538,358.44 6,789,104.36 721,527.75 2,531,108.72
(h) Miscellaneous Licences
351,988.95
248,713.01
3,231,022.84
Considerable revenue is, however, derived from sources not strictly classifiable
as taxation, i.e.
Excess Water Supply
Post Office
Kowloon-Canton Railway
Land Sales
$2,212,035.34
3,120,758.60
912,904.86
2,139,818.81
The largest item of revenue is derived from the assessment tax (Rates). The sum collected during 1939 represents 16.37% of the total revenue. There is a general rate of 15% plus a water rate of 2% on assessed rateable value. Properties in outlying districts which have unfiltered water pay a water rate of 1%, and this rate is remitted altogether if no water is available.
There is no general customs tariff in Hong Kong, import duties being confined to liquor, tobacco, hydrocarbon oils and perfumed spirit. There is no export tariff. The sale of opium, is a Government Monopoly, and all importation of opium other than by Government is prohibited. The importation of dangerous drugs is regulated in accordance with the terms of the Geneva Convention. Arms, ammunition, explosives and dangerous goods are subject to the normal Harbour and Police Regulations in regard to storage and movement. A special Foreign Registration fee of 20% of the value of a motor vehicle is payable in respect of any vehicle not. produced within the British Empire.
The duties on imported liquor range from $0.70 per gallon on beer to $1.75 on Chinese liquor and to $26 on sparkling European wines. A reduction in duty is allowed in respect of brandy grown or produced within the British Empire.
The duties on tobacco range from $0.90 per lb. on the lowest taxed unmanu- factured tobacco to $2.60 per lb. on cigars. A reduction in duty is allowed on tobacco of Empire origin and/or of Empire manufacture.
A duty of 60 cents per gallon is payable on all light oils imported into the Colony, and 30 cents per gallon on all heavy hydrocarbon oils used as fuel for any heavy oil road vehicle.
The only form of excise duty is the tax on locally manufactured liquor.
Stamp duties are imposed on various instruments and, where a consideration is involved, are mainly ad valorem. The following are examples of the duties charged :--Affidavits, Statutory Declarations, etc., $3; Bills of Exchange (inward) and Cheques, 10 cents; Bills of Lading, 15 cents when freight is under $5, 40 cents when freight is $5 or over; Bond to secure the payment or repayment of money, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof; Conveyance on sale, $1 for every $100 or part thereof; Mortgages, principal security, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof, Life Insurance Policy, 25 cents for every $1,000 insured; Receipts, 10 cents for amount over $20; Transfer of Shares, 20 cents for every $100 of market value.
No Hut Tax or Poll Tax is imposed in the Colony.
46
Chapter XVII.
MISCELLANEOUS.
On the 21st February nine Japanese planes crossed the border into British territory and bombs were dropped at Shum Chun. As a result of the extension of Japanese activities on the border a large influx of refugees entered the Colony and necessitated the re-opening of two refugee camps at North and South Fanling Station on the 21st February. On the following day the Government Medical Department re-opened a third camp at Gill's Cutting. Some 2,000 refugees were accommodated in these camps.
2. In February a restricted steamer service between Canton and Hong Kong was resumed as a result of negotiations between the British and Japanese authorities.
The
3. In April compulsory registration of British subjects was commenced with the passing of the Registration of Persons Ordinance, No. 12 of 1939. Compulsory Service Ordinance, No. 32 of 1939, was passed in July. Medical examination under the Ordinance was commenced in August and the first meeting of the Compulsory Service Tribunal was held on the 28th of that month.
4. In July a Town Planning Board was appointed by the Governor. The functions of the Board were to draw up zone schemes and other town plans as advised by the Housing Commission.
5. The M.S. "Breconshire," the largest vessel to be constructed in Hong Kong dockyards, underwent official trials on the 21st July.
6. On the 27th July the first compulsory blackout exercise took place.
7. On the 15th August a Hong Kong-Manila-Chungking radio telephone service was inaugurated. This service was, however, suspended on the out-break of war.
8. Two committees were appointed by the Governor during the year namely, a Nutrition Research Committee on the 9th January and an Income Tax Committee which held its first meeting on the 3rd November.
9. Rear-Admiral A.J.L. Murray was appointed to the newly created post of Rear-Admiral of the 5th Cruiser Squadron on the China Station as from 14th April.
10. Many war time innovations centre round the declaration of war with Germany on 3rd September. Press censorship was instituted on 26th August. The control of shipping and aircraft was announced on 3rd September. Many local German residents were interned in La Salle College immediately on the outbreak of war.
On 8th September control of foreign exchange was instituted and on 9th September the liquidation of German firms was commenced. The Chinese and Sikh community in the Colony sent loyal messages to the Governor pledging their support of the British Crown. Control of food prices was announced on 5th September.
11. Among the Honours conferred by His Majesty during the year were :—
New Year Honours.
C.B.E.-Hon. Mr. R. M. Henderson, M.I.C.E., C.C.E., M.I.M.E., M.I.W.E.
O.B.E.
(Civil Division)-Mr. M. F. Key.
M.B.E. (Civil Division)-Chief Inspector A. K. Taylor.
Birthday Honours.
O.B.E. (Civil Division)-Prof. K. H. Digby.
M.B.E. (Military Division)-Capt. J. S. Rodrigues.
+
Appendix A.
FINANCIAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1939.
1. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
The outstanding feature of the financial year 1939 was a large increase in revenue. The Estimates provided for a deficit of $1,659,898, revenue being put at $36,097,325 (including $839,704 transferred from the Government House and City Development Fund) and expenditure at $37,757,223. The actual revenue was $41,478,052, thus exceeding the estimate by $5,380,727, and the actual expenditure was $37,949,116, thus exceeding the estimate by $191,893. The surplus of assets on 31st December, 1939, was $17,091,170, which may be compared with a figure of $11,867,025 which was contemplated as probable at the time when the 1939 Estimates were originally prepared.
2. Higher duties were imposed in October on liquors of non-Empire origin and on light oils but apart from this the increase in revenue was almost wholly due to the special conditions arising out of the Sino-Japanese hostilities. The special activity in trade, due to the diversion of a much increased proportion of China's trade to Hong Kong, continued throughout the year and the increase of the Colony's population owing to the influx of refugees was maintained. Most of the principal sources of revenue, of which details, are given in the Accountant-General's report annexed, show substantial increases. (The number of vacant tenements was practically nil and owing to an increase in the number of buildings and higher rents the receipts from rates were considerably higher than in 1938. Liquor, tobacco and light oil duties show large increases and many other items, such as opium. sales, stamp duties and royalties payable by transport companies, which are affected by the magnitude of the population, rose correspondingly. The continued demand for building sites for housing and industrial projects was reflected in very high receipts from land sales.)
3. Although the total expenditure was only $191,893 in excess of the amount provided for in the Estimates there were considerable excesses under several Heads which were, however, offset by savings under other Heads. In all supplementary votes for a total of $6,584,007 were approved by the Legislative Council and the Secretary of State. The following analysis of these shows the main categories of this supplementary expenditure
(1) Accounting adjustments, not involving the authorization of new
expenditure
(2) Revotes of provision in previous estimates
$ 320,265
184,871
(3) Post Office-increases due to re-introduction of air mail sur-
charge, changes in transit charges, etc.
60,500
(4) Emergency expenses :—
(a) Epidemics of disease
$ 641,863
(b) Relief of refugees
593,052
(c) Other expenditure due to Sino-Japanese hos-
tilities
273,100
(d) Defence and War expenditure
2,489,565
3,997,580
(5) Typhoon Damage
(6) Resumptions
(7) Other new or additional expenditure
- A 2
91,430
48,853
1,880,508
$6,584,007
It will be seen that a large proportion of these votes resulted, directly or indirectly, from the emergency situation brought about by the Sino Japanese hostilities (e.g., relief of refugees and epidemics of disease which led to a large increase under Head 5, Charitable Services), and by the war with Germany (e.g., expenditure on the Volunteer Defence Corps, the Naval Volunteer Force and Air Raid Precautions under Head 6, Defence, and Special War Expenditure under Head 18, Miscellaneous Services, which covered the cost of the internment of enemy aliens and of the new departments and the expansion of existing departments brought about by the war). Much of the supplementary expenditure under (7) though it cannot be definitely attributed to the emergency was indirectly affected by it, for instance by the general rise in prices, and the supplementary votes included little in the way of new services of permanent benelit to the Colony. The main Heads under which savings were shown were Pensions, the Kowloon-Canton Railway (due to curtailed services) and Military Contribution.
4. As already noted the surplus of assets over liabilities at the end of the year was $17, 091,170. The greater part of this, i.e., $13,446,262, was advanced to loan funds pending reimbursement from the issue of loans (i.e., $11,140,000 against the 34% Dollar Loan, 1934, and $2,306,262 against a proposed new loan). The actual cash resources, after deducting uninvered balances of special funds, amounted to $5.405,689. Against this, however hust be set net liabilities under Deposits amounting to $1,950,308.
2. LOANS.
5. As regards loans the position remains that of the $25,000,000 authorized by the Dollar Loan Ordinance of 1934, $14,000,000 has been issued. The balance of $11,000,000 is available for issue when the funds are required, expenditure being advanced from general surplus balances in the meanwhile. This system was con- tinued during the year as the liquid resources available appeared sufficient to meet immediate needs but the necessity of issuing the remainder of the loan as soon as circumstances require is kept in mind.
3. CURRENCY.
The exchange
6. The currency situation remained stable during the year. rate continued to be controlled by the operations of the Exchange Fund set up under the Currency Ordinance, 1935, and fluctuations in the rate were small. The Treasury average rates for each month were as follows:-
January
February
1/2
1/218
March
1/218
April
May
1/21
1/21/1/0
June
1/23/
+
July
August
September
October
November
December
- A 3
1/21/1
16
1/2/9/
1/23
1/218
1/23
1/2/3/
On 11th September, 1939, it was notified for public information that the Exchange Fund had arranged to sell sterling up to any amount that might be required to the three note-issuing banks at the rate of 1/218d, and to buy sterling up to any amount from those banks at 1/3d. These three banks (i.c., the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, the Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China and the Mercantile Bank of India, Limited) undertook to sell sterling to other banks and to the public at not less than 1/235d and to buy sterling from other banks and the public at not more than 1/3d for ready delivery in each
case.
7.
There was a slight decrease in the circulation of bank notes and of Government $1 notes, the figures being as follows:-
31.12.38.
31.12.39.
Government $1 notes
$
5,571,000 $ 6,443,000
Chartered Bank of India, Australia
and China
24,852,657
25,521,624
Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking
Corporation
210,197,678
195,232,228
Mercantile Bank of India, Ltd.
4,441,620
4,843,727
$245,062,955
$232,043,579
8. Statements of the position of the Exchange Fund were made, in accordance with the now established practice, on the 30th June, 1939, and the 5th January, 1940, showing the position of the Fund at 31st December, 1938, and 30th June, 1939, respectively. The figures of the Certificates of Indebtedness outstanding and the total assets of the Fund were as follows:
December 31st, 1938
June 30th, 1939
Certificates of Indebtedness (in sterling, converted at middle market rates).
£11,945,930
£11,907,554
Assets.
£13,035.370
£13,226,195
9. During 1939 the advantages resulting from the steadiness of the exchange and the system of managed currency continued to be enjoyed and little difficulty was experienced in maintaining the Hong Kong dollar at a steady rate of exchange on sterling when the decline in value of the Chinese dollar took place. It would appear to be the general desire of the business community that the Hong Kong dollar should not be allowed to follow the Chinese dollar.
A 4
10. Subsidiary Coinage. The withdrawal of cupro-nickel 10 cents and 5 cents coins and the substitution of the new secarity rim nickel coins introduced towards the end of 1937 has been continued and cupro-nickel coins ceased to be legal tender as from 1st November, 1939. The following amounts of subsidiary coins were “in circulation" on 31st December, 1939, in addition to small quantities of silver coins.
Cupro-nickel 10 cents
* $
192,000
وو
وو
5
دو
18,000
Nickel security rim 10 cents
وو
5 Bailey
2,312,500
# and 2 375,000
11. Exchange Control. Exchange control came into effect a few days after the outbreak of the war with Germany with the publication of the Defence (Finance) Regulations on 8th September 1939. The measures taken are described in the report of the Assistant Financial Secretary (Exchange) which is annexed
4. ADMINISTRATION.
-་་ ?: , ?” ༨
11:
**
* 10
12. Mr. S. Caine, Financial Secretary; left the Colony on recall "to''thể Colonial Office on 6th December, 1939, and Mr. H. R. Butters was appointed Acting Financial Secretary as from that date.
Mr. G. S. Kennedy-Skipton acted as Assistant Financial Secretary from 4th August to 15th October and Mr. R. R. Todd from, 16th October to the end of the year.
mburk J. mist T Bal
Mr. D. Kelvin-Stark acted as Assistant Financial Secretary (Exchange), from 7th September to the end of the year. gar induak? bak
noit apo?)
13. Reports by the Accountant-General on the Accounts for 1939 and by the Assessor, the Superintendent of Inland Revenue,; the Controllerliof: Stores and the Assistant Financial Secretary (Exchange) are appended.
Hong Kong, 29th May, 1940.
H. R.BUTTERS,
Financial Secretary.
"
A 5
REPORT ON THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Expenditure for the year amounted to $37,949,116 and the Revenue totalled $41,478,052.
The Colony's Revenue and Expenditure for the past ten years are charted in a graph appended to this report as Financial Return No. 1.
2. The original Estimates provided for total expenditure of $37,757,223 against revenue expected to produce $35,257,621, thus forecasting a deficit of $2,499,602 for the year 1939.
3. The general Revenue balance at 31st December, 1939, was $17.091,170 as compared with $13,562,234 at the beginning of the year. The surplus on the year's working is $3,528,936 as shown in the Statement of Assets and Liabilities attached hereto as Financial Return No. 2-the Statement is supported by 4 appendices in accordance with accounting procedure laid down by the Secretary of State.
4. Revenue. The actual revenue collected during 1939 was $6,220,431 in excess of the estimate. Of this sum, $2,786,449 was in respect of Head 1, Duties, and is due in part to the increased consumption of tobacco and liquors result- ing from the abnormal increase in population and to higher duties levied on liquors and motor spirit.
Head 3, Licences and Internal Revenue, realised $1,496,835 in excess of the estimate. The main items showing excesses were opium monopoly, assessed taxes, stamp duties, water supply and forfeitures. A notable decrease was shown by Estate Duty which failed to reach the estimate by $528,472.
Under Head 4, Fees of Court, an increase of $234,901 was recorded, this was chiefly due to the result of increased prices and larger sales of sand and the heavy increase in the number of official certificates and passports.
The revenue from Slaughter Houses also showed considerable increase and there were new items for sales of stores which now appear as revenue as a result of revised accounting procedure laid down by the Secretary of State.
Head 5, The increase in postage fees was mainly the result of the re-introduction of sur-charges on Empire Airmail following the outbreak of war.
The decrease under Head 6, Kowloon-Canton Railway, of $871,096 was brought about by the suspension of through traffic during the year.
Head 7, Rent of Government Property was $210,106 in excess of the estimate. This was in the main owing to the higher rentals obtained in the new Central Market.
Head 9, Miscellaneous Receipts, was $853,806 in excess of the estimate. This was chiefly due to the heavy increase in traffic on the public transport system of the Colony from which royalties are drawn by Government.
Head 10, Land Sales, brought an additional sum of $1,389,818 to Revenue in consequence of the great demand for building sites for housing and industrial purposes and the transfer of $839,704 from Government House and City Deve- lopment Fund.
· A 6
5. Expenditure. The expenditure for the year was $191,893 in excess of the amount provided for in the Estimates. Personal Emoluments amounting to $14,047,757 showed a decrease of $472,315 against the Estimates.
Other Charges totalling $7,038,208 represented an excess of $1,249,385 over the sum provided in the Estimates. A notable increase was shown in the Stores Department which expended $383,972 in excess of the provision and Police. Department in which the net increase was $137,937.
Defence expenditure showed a considerable increase as follows:-
Volunteer Defence Force
Naval Volunteer Force
Air Raid Precautions
$312,111.
148,711.
508,291.
The cost of charitable services also greatly exceeded the estimate as the result of the refugee relief measures and additional grants to the Tung Wah Hospital the total excess under this Head being $725,278.
Additional expenditure on Public Works Extraordinary amounting to $128,861 was largely accounted for by work in connection with refugee camps and hospital huts erected at North Point, King's Park and Ma l'au Chung.
The amount provided for pensions proved to be over-estimated by $258,757 and Military Contribution fell short of the estimate by $76,859.
A comparison of expenditure with the original Estimates and the actual expenditure for the preceding year is set out in Financial Return No. 6.
The allocation of expenditure under various Heads during the past five years is shown in Financial Return No. 7.
6. Expenditure on Loan Works, authorised by Ordinance No. 11 of 1934, during the year 1939 amounted to $213,943 which was met by advances from surplus balances. The full amount of the authorised loan of $25,000,000 has now been expended entirely and the details are set forth in Financial Return No. 8.
Expenditure during the year amounting to $1,228,929 was incurred on certain public works which it is proposed to charge to a new loan. This expenditure was also financed by advances from surplus balances and particulars are given in Financial Return No. 9 which shows the total expended on these works up to 31st December 1939 at $2,306,262.
7. Trade Loan Account. During the year one loan was liquidated by the sale of the mortgaged property and the writing-off of the irrecoverable balance and there. is now only one loan outstanding for an amount of $79,771. The position of this account at the end of 1939 is shown in Financial Return No. 10.
8. Public Debt. The annual contribution of $166,911 to the 4% Conversion Loan, Sinking Fund, was invested in sterling securities as usual. A sum of $560,000 was expended on the redemption of 34% Dollar Loan Bonds at par in accordance with the terms of the Ordinance governing this issue.
The general financial position during the year rendered it unnecessary to issue any of the remaining $11,000,000 bonds authorised by the Ordinance-works having been financed without difficulty by advances from surplus balances.
A statement of the Colony's Funded Debt outstanding at 31st December, 1939, is given in Financial Return No. 11.
-
A 7-
The following financial returns are published in order to show the results of 1939 in comparison with the Estimates and the actual figures of previous years:
1. Graph of Actual Revenue and Expenditure for the years 1930 to 1939.
2.
Statement of Assets and Liabilities as at 31st December, 1939, with appendices a, b, c and d.
3.
Actual Revenue compared with the Estimates.
4. Principal increases and decreases in Revenue.
5
years.
1939.
Chart showing fluctuations of Revenue under Heads during the past 10
6. Actual Expenditure compared with the Estimates and with previous years.
7. Distribution of total expenditure for the past 5 years.
8.
Statement of Expenditure on 34% Dollar Loan Account as at 31st December,
9. Statement of advances on Loan Works pending reimbursement from proposed new loan.
10. Statement of Trade Loan as at 31st December, 1939.
11. Statement of Funded Public Debt outstanding at 31st December, 1939.
Treasury, March 29th, 1940.
T. BLACK,
Accountant-Genera!.
MILLION
A 8
GRAPH OF ACTUAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE FOR
THE YEARS 1930-1939
DOLLARS
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34.
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
REVENUE
EXPENDITURE
42
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
t
1936
1937
1938
1939
་
BARANIZ
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 2.
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES AS AT 31st DECEMBER, 1939.
LIABILITIES.
ASSETS.
A 9
DEPOSITS:
$ C.
CASH-
$
C.
Contractors and Officers
.$ 588,810.00
Current Account No. 1 ...
$ 1,137,216.16
Miscellaneous
1,466,962.07
2,055,772.07
Current Account No. 2
Crown Agents for the Colonies.. *Joint Colonial Fund
Imprest Account
Subsidiary Coin
1,571,097.05
40,226.49 2,145,882.36
10,420.17
35,000,00
4,939,842.23
ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES "R" ACCOUNT
1,571,097.05
FIXED DEPOSITS-
General
SPECIAL FUNDS :---
King George V Memorial Fund ...$ 158,368.56
ADVANCES
Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund
33,160.07
Pending reimbursement
District Watchmen's Fund Education Scholarships Fund Praya East Reclamation Fund
114,851.31
from Loans 3%
Do'lar Loan..$11,140,000.00
86,220.41
127.10
Proposed
New Loan
Miscellaneous
392,727.45
2,306,262.30
$13,446,262.30 78,218.02
13,524,480.32
Total Cash and Advances
19,619,786.71
Miscellaneous
$ 1,050,000.00 105,464.16
1,155,464.16
6,095,306.39
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 2,-Continued.
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES AS AT 31st DECEMBER, 1939.
LIABILITIES.
ASSETS.
NOTE SECURITY FUND
$ C.
6,396,502.44
NICKEL COINAGE SECURITY FUND
1,622,272.19
RESERVE STOCKS OF ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES
INVESTMENTS, &C., ON ACCOUNT OF
SPECIAL FUNDS :-
$ C.
1,571,097.05
Investments
WATER WORKS RENEWALS AND IMPROVEMENTS FUND.
333,675.75
Fixed Deposits
$ 112,250.00 30,000.00
142,250.00
EXCHANGE ADJUSTMENT ACCOUNT
21,713.94
NOTE ISSUE :-
12,393,760.89
Fixed Deposit
Current Account
INVESTMENTS, &C., ON ACCOUNT OF
INVESTMENTS, &c., ON ACCOUNT OF
NICKEL COINAGE :-
Sterling Investment
Current Account
$ 4,000,000.00 2,396,502.44
$ 1,317,987.83 304,284.36
6,396,502.44
1,622,272.19
17,091,170.73
SUSPENSE ACCOUNT
TOTAL
29,484,931.62
TOTAL
*Joint Colonial Fund £133,000. Os. Od.
GENERAL REVENUE BALANCE
133,023.23
29,484,931.62
- A 10
Appendix A.
STATEMENT OF SPECIAL FUNDS &c. DEPOSITED IN THE TREASURY.
District
Watchmen
Fund.
Chinese
Public
Dispensaries Fund.
Water Education Works- Scholarship Renewals & Fund.
King
George V
Nickel
Note
Memorial
Praya East Reclamation.
Security
Coinage
Improve- ments Fund..
Fund.
Fund.
Security
Fund.
Government
House & Insurance City Companies. Development
Total.
Fund.
$
C.
C.
C.
C.
C.
C.
C.
Balance of Deposits at 1st January, 1939 Add :-Receipts
37,952.57 1,740.55 14,600.92
158,368.56
153,036.76
120,736.76 75,732.23
414,007.00
Deduct Payments
190,989.33
76,138.02
122,477.31 90,333.15 414,007.00 158,368.56 89,317.24 3,362.74 80,331.25
76,339.39 7,579,786.70 2,620,422.16 | 2,125,220.49 76,212.29 1,183,284.26 984,615.18 2,125,220.49
74,089.39 5,480,119.62 1,493,069.06 1,678,641.62 2,250.00 2,099,667.08 | 1,127,353.10 446,578,87
839,704.12 | 9,778,286.41
4,439,361.80
839,704.12 14,217,648.21
839,704.12 5,458,185.59
114,851.31 33,160.07 86,970.41 333.675.75 158,368.56
750.00
127.10 6,396,502.44 | 1,635,806.98
13,534.79
Deduct Depreciation of Investment
8,759,462.62
14,284.79
Balance of Deposits at 31st December, 1939
114.851.31
33,160.07 86.220.41 333,675.75 158.368.56
127.10 6,396,502.44 | 1,622,272.19
8,745,177.83
Investment held at Market Price
Cash in hands of Accountant-General
38,000.00 11,000.00 63,250.00
1,317,987.83
1,430,237.83
76,851.31 22,160.07 22,970.41 333,675.75 158,368.56
127.10 6,396,502.44 304,284.36
7,314,940.00
Cash due to Accountant-General
Balance as above
114,851.31 33,160.07 86,220.41 333.675.75 158.368.56
127.10 6.396,502.44 | 1,622,272.19
8,745.177.83
Net Cash Balance in hands of Accountant-General $7.314.940 (C
PREVIOUS YEAR.
C. Deposits:-
A 12
Appen
STATEMENT OF BALANCES EXCLUDING SPECIAL
LIABILITIES.
€
C.
ON THE 31st
$
Eft
C.
519,585.00
Contractors & Officers Deposits
588,810.00
1,486,256.87
Miscellaneous
$1,466,962.07
Less Fixed Bank Deposits
held by Government
x
105,464.16 1,361,497.91
1,950,307.91
26,092.39 Exchange Adjustment Account
158,368.56 King George V Memorial Fund
2,190,302.82
GENERAL REVENUE BALANCE.
$
C.
Balance at 1st January, 1939
13,562,234.97
Revenue 1939
41,478,052.24
Expenditure 1939
37,949,116.48
Add Surplus 1939
3,528,935.76
Balance at 31st December, 1939
17,091,170.73
21,713.94
1,972,021.85
13,562,234.97
General Revenue Balance
17,091,170.73
15,752,537.79
19,063,192.58
dix B.
A 13
FUNDS &c. DEPOSITED IN THE TREASURY
DECEMBER, 1939.
Advances:
ASSETS.
C.
$ C.
PREVIOUS YEAR.
€
C
Miscellaneous
78,218.02
Pending Reimbursements from 34% Dollar
Loan
11,140,000.00
53,443.81
10,926,056.46
Pending Reimbursements from Proposed
New Loan
2,306,262.30
1,077,333.06
13,524,480.32)
Imprest Account
Subsidiary Coin
Suspense Account
10,420.17
90,625.00
133,023.23
26,438.25
13,657,503.55
12,184,316.75
Cash:-
Fixed Deposit General
1,050,000.00
Fixed Deposit on account of Special Funds.
Fixed Deposit Note Security Fund
30,000.00
4,000,000.00
Accountant-General No. 1 Account
1,137,216.16
Accountant-General No. 2 Account
1,571,097.05
Crown Agents
40,226.49
Joint Colonial Fund
2,145,882.86
Note Issue Current Account
2,396,502.44
Nickel Coinage Current Account
304,284.36
:
Imprest Account
10,420.17
Subsidiary Coin
35,000.00
12,720,629.03
Deduct:
Balance of Special Fund &c., in hands of Accountant-General (Appendix A)
7,314,940.00 5,405,689.03 3,568,221.04
19,063,192.58 15,752,537.79
Appendix C.
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING LOANS REPAYABLE TO THE COLONY AS AT 31st DECEMBER, 1939.
A 14
INTEREST
LOAN.
DATE OF
LOAN.
AUTHORITY.
PER
ANNUM.
TERMS OF REPAYMENT.
AMOUNT
REPAID.
AMOUNT
OUTSTANDING.
$
$ C.
Shek
O Development Co., Ltd.
$ 38,187.00 Diocesan Boys' School 175,000.00 J. A. Fraser
29. 1.25 C.S.O. 1445/191
4%
2nd February, 1940
38,187.00
28. 1.27 C.S.O.
776/18
3%
$1,000.00 half-yearly
41,000.00
134,000.00
25,000.00
16.11.33
C.S.O.
3001/19
4%
$400.00 monthly
25,000.00
G. S. Kennedy-Skipton 30,000.00
27. 4.34
C.S.O. 3009/32
4%
$300.00 monthly
12,600.00
17,400.00
S. C. Feltham
7,000.00
2. 4.35
C.S.O.
C.S.O. 13/3009/22
4%
$400.00 half-yearly
3,600.00
3,400.00
C. E. Moore
R. H. Woodman
F. J. Farr
L. B. Holmes
R. E. Stott
15,000.00 2.10.35 C.S.O. 19,500.00 8. 1.36 C.S.O. 20,000.00 17. 1.36 C.S.O. 16,000.00 26. 5.36 C.S.O. 13,677.50 29. 8.36 C.S.O.
2/5038/29
4%
$500.00 half-yearly
4,000.00 11,000.00
4/5038/29
4%
$975.00 half-yearly
8,775.00
10,725.00
4778,25
4.%
$1,000.00 half-yearly
7,000.00
13,000.00
9/5046/29
4%
$800.00 half-yearly
4,800.00 11,200.00
5035/29
4%
$150.00 monthly
4,013.23 9,664.27
Hong Kong Travel Association
5,258.84
30. 9.36 C.S.O.
911/35
$100.00 monthly
3,800.00
1,458.84
R. S. Begbie
F. J. T. Locke
20,000.00
12,000.00
28. 5.37 C.S.O. 6/5039/29 16. 6.38 C.S.O. 3/5038/29
4%
$1,000.00 half-yearly
5,000.00 15,000.00
4%
$1,000.00 half-yearly
3,000.00
9,000.00
Total.
$396,623.34
$122,588.23 $274,035.11
A 15
Appendix D.
STATEMENT OF UNALLOCATED STORES ACCOUNT.
GOVERNMENT STORES DEPARTMENT.
KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
$
¢.
$
C.
Stock on hand at 1st January, 1939
743,020.01
147,952.06
Add Purchases, returns and charges, as charged
to Expenditure Sub-head
3,659,836.81
306,484.64
Deduct Issues to votes and services as credited
to Expenditure Sub-head
4,402,856.82
454,436.70
3,350,330.59
361,733.27
Deduct Proceeds of Stores sold
1,052,526.23
92,703.43
74,285.10
32,157.33
Add Transfers between Stores
978,241.13
60,546.10
56,593.14
Deduct Transfers between Stores
978,241.13
117.139.24
38,232.94
Deduct adjustments for stores not paid for in
year in which received (net)
940,008.19
117.139.24
285.53
1,323.91
939,722.66
Deduct Losses and deficiencies written off
152.71
115,815.33 20.60
Stock on hand at 31st December, 1939
$939,569.95
$115,794.73
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 3.
Heads of Revenue.
Actual 1938.
Estimates 1939.
Actual 1939.
Actual
1938
Percentage of Revenue.
Estimates
1939
Actual
1939
%
%
%
1. Duties
2. Port & Harbour Dues
9,105,121.72
532,539.63
8,370,000
11,156,449.01
24.78
23.74
26.90
600,000
538,358.44
1.45
1.70
1.30
3.
Licences and Internal Revenue Not Otherwise Specified
15,098,620.05
14,958,151
16,454,986.31
41.10
42.42
39.67
4. Fees of Court or Office etc.
2,787,487.90
2,896,970
3,131,871.26
7.59
8.22
7.55
5.
Post Office
2,918,028.82
2,927,000
3,120,758.60
7.94
8.30
7.52
6. Kowloon-Canton Railway
1,782,287.74
1.784,000
912,904.86
4.85
5.06
2.20
7. Rent of Government Property etc.
1,899,215.26
1,834,000
2,044,106.92
5.17
5.20
4.93
8. Interest
104,750.87
110,000
97,491.55
.29
.31
.23
9. Miscellaneous Receipts
1,308,292.22
1,027,500
1,881,306.48
3.56
2.92
4.54
Sub-Total.
35,536,344.21
34,507,621
39,338,233.43
96.73
97.87
94.84
10. Land Sales (Premia on New Leases)..
1,199,510.47
750,000
2,139,818.81
3.27
2.13
5.16
Grand Total.
36,735,854.68
35,257,621
41,478,052.24
100.00
100.00
100.00
A 16
་་
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 4.
THE PRINCIPAL INCREASES AND DECREASES IN REVENUE OVER THE AMOUNTS ESTIMATED WERE AS FOLLOWS:
Heads and Sub-Heads.
1.-DUTIES.
Import Duty on Liquor,
39
""
وو
Motor Spirit, Tobacco,
Duty on Locally Manufactured I iquor,
3. LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
A.-Licences.
Estimated.
Actual.
Increase.
Decrease.
$
$
$
1,500.000
1,826,797.69 326.797.69
900,000
1,395,516.72 495.516.72
4,600,000
6,362,972.58 1,762,972.58
1,250,000
1,416,855.74 166,855.74
Explanatory Remarks.
Increased duties and population Increased duty and population. Increased population.
do.
Boat,
Ferries,
Liquor,
Marriage,
Opium Monopoly.
Pawnbroker,
Vehicles Motor Drivers, Wireless, Receiving,
B.—Internal Revenue.
Assessed Taxes (Rates),
Bets and Sweeps Tax, Entertainments Tax,
127,000
406,401
139,517.30 12,517.30 434,095.50
27,694.50
325,000
365,552.73
40,552.73
3,500
7,439.00
3,939.00
350,000
1,025,269.76
675,269.76
156,500 174,250.00
17,750.00
20,485.50
16,152.00
Increased Fees.
Higher tender for Western Ferry Service. Increased population.
Popularity of Registry marriages (Chinese). Less traffic in illicit opium; increased population. Underestimated. Increased population.
do.
55,000 75,485.50 135,000 151,152.00
6,200,000 6,776,168.00 576,168.00
200,000 248,713.01 48,713.01 300,000 351,988.95 51,988.95
Fewer vacant tenements and more buildings; increased rentals. Increased population.
do.
A 17
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 4.-Contd.
THE PRINCIPAL INCREASES AND DECREASES IN REVENUE OVER THE AMOUNTS ESTIMATED WERE AS FOLLOWS:-
Heads and Sub-Heads.
Estimated.
Actual.
Increase.
Decrease.
B.-Internal Revenue.
$
SA
CA
Estate Duty,
1,250,000
721,527.75
Stamp Duties,
2,300,000
2,531,108.72
Water Excess Supply and Meter Rents,
2,096,000
231,108.72 2,212,035.34 116,035.34
C.-Fines and Forfeitures.
Fines,
Forfeitures,
4. FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN
AID.
172,694.79
22,694.79
40,000 174,921.54 134,921.54
150,000
A.-Fees.
Explanatory Remarks.
528,472.25
Variable item.
Air Services Fees,
70,000
49,898.58
20,101.42
Analysis,
35,000
20,702.50
14,297.50
China Companies,
210,000
100,663.62
109,336.38
Court,
85,000
67,130.92
17,869.08
Crown Leases,
40,000
25,910.00
14,090.00
Medical Examination of Emigrants
220,000
99,633.70
120,366.30
Official Certificates,
20,000
97,107.00 77,107.00
Passport,
25,000
87,978.40 62,978.40
Possession,
30,000
15,571.25
14,428.75
Survey of Steam Ships,
140,000
113,478.48
26,521.52
Increase in banking and shipping business. More metered services and increased consumption.
Variable.
do.
A 18
Overestimated.
Decrease in commercial work due to Sino- Japanese conflict.
Present situation in China.
Overestimated.
do.
Less emigration.
Smallpox and cholera certificates.
Sino-Japanese hostilities in Kwangtung. Overestimated.
་
Explanatory Remarks.
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 4.-Contd.
THE PRINCIPAL INCREASES AND DECREASES IN REVENUE OVER THE AMOUNTS ESTIMATED WERE AS FOLLOWS:-
Heads and Sub-Heads.
4.-FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE,
PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES,
Estimated.
Actual.
Increase.
Decrease.
30
A 19
AND
REIMBURSEMENTS
IN
AID.
B.-Receipts.
Medical Treatment,
150,000
183,461.49 33,461.49
Official Receiver's Commission,
20,000
Slaughter Houses,
145,000
9,596.50
197,433.75
10,403.50
Mataukok,
62,000
52,433.75 85,110.00 23,110.00
More paying patients; increased population. No large insolvencies.
Increased population.
do.
33
C.-Reimbursement in Aid.
Use of Motor Vans,
30,000
42,183.00
12,183.00
Underestimated.
D.-Sales.
Police and Other Stores,
1,200
13,225.03
12,025.03
Sand,
210,000
289,773.02
79,773.02
Shing Mun Construction Surplus Plant,
30,977.10
30,977.10
Unallocated Stores, K.C.R.
Store Dept.
32,157.33 32,157.33 74,285.10 74,285.10
Variable.
Increased prices; increased sales.
New item.
do.
do.
5.-POST OFFICE.
Commission on Money and Postal Orders,
Message Fees,
Postage,
10,000
102,000
2,800,000
47,790.42
87,957.70 2,967,207.48 167,207.48
37,790.42
14,042.30
Profit on exchange.
War conditions.
General increase in postal services and reintroduction of surcharges for Empire air mail.
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 4.-Contd.
THE PRINCIPAL INCREASES AND DECREASES IN REVENUE OVER THE AMOUNTS ESTIMATED WERE AS FOLLOWS:---
Heads and Sub-Heads.
Estimated.
Actual.
Increase.
Decrease.
Explanatory Remarks.
A 20
6. KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
MAIN LINE.
RI. Passenger Service, Passenger, Foreign Line,
450,000
827.59
449,172.41
Through services suspended.
R1. Passenger Service, Passenger, Home Line,
380,000
607,459.95 227,459.95
Increased population of New Territories.
R2. Passenger Service, Others,
Foreign Line,
8,000
8,000.00
Through services suspended.
R2. Passenger Service, Others, Home Line,
3,000
R3. Goods Service, Goods Foreign Line, R3. Goods Service, Goods Home Line, R4. Goods Service, Others, Foreign Line,
600,000
10,557.15 7,557.15 34,763.65
More live stock carried.
565,236.35
20,000
38,162.95 18,162.95
More goods carried.
40,000
5,000.00
35,000.00
R4. Goods Service, Others, Home Line,
10,000
2.50
9,997.50
R7. Profits on Central Mechanical Works, Home Line,
50,000
9,329.38
40,670.62
RS. Rents, Home Line,
100,000
188,987.57
88,987.57
RD Incidental Revenue, Foreign Line,
13,000
13,000.00
Through services suspended.
Outstanding account due in 1938 collected in 1939;
Through services suspended.
No special goods train run, and no demurr- age collected due to restriction of operation to the local service.
Repairs to rolling stock on behalf of Chinese Railways ceased after March 1939.
All available space at the Railway Reclama- tion continued to be occupied during the
year.
Through services suspended.
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 4.-Contd.
THE PRINCIPAL INCREASES AND DECREASES IN REVENUE OVER THE AMOUNTS ESTIMATED WERE AS FOLLOWS:
Heads and Sub-Ileads.
6. KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
Estimated.
Actual.
Increase.
Decrease.
Explanatory Remarks.
MAIN LINE.
R9. Incidental Revenue, Home Line,
35,000 17,814.12
17,185.88
Reduced services and no revenue from Customs seizures.
R10. Auxiliary Operations, Foreign Haulage,
70,000
70,000.00
Through services suspended.
R11. Interchange of Rolling Stock,
Foreign Line,
5,000
5,000.00
do.
7.-RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY
A 21
LAND AND HOUSES.
Buildings,
160,000
191,723.71
31,723.71
Lands not Leased (Permits for
Encroachment &c.),
300,000
346,295.32 46,295.32
Leased Lands (Crown Rent Exclusive of
N. T.),
645,000
606,984.35
38,015.65
Leased Lands (Crown Rent N. T.),
237,000
248,817.30
Markets,
403,000
11,817.30 567,250.95 164,250.95
More buildings rented and higher rentals. Increased population.
Overestimated.
New Central Market; higher rentals
9.-MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS.
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
100,000
138,199.64 38,199.64
Royalty Payable by the China Motor Bus
Co., Ltd.
175,000
257,874.17 82,874.17
Variable.
Increased population.
Royalty Payable by the Hong Kong
Telephone Co., Ltd.
52,000
62,686.00
10,686.00
More lines installed.
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 4.-Contd.
THE PRINCIPAL INCREASES AND DECREASES IN REVENUE OVER THE AMOUNTS ESTIMATED WERE AS FOLLOWS:-
Heads and Sub-Heads.
7
Estimated.
Actual.
Increase.
Decrease.
Explanatory Remarks.
9.-MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS.
SA
$
Royalty Payable by the Hong Kong
Tramway Co., Ltd.
45,000
57,601.29
12,601.29
Royalty Payable by the Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Co.
175,000
429,119.75 254,119.75
Royalty Payable by the Kowloon Motor
Bus Co., Ltd.
180,000
328,281.56 148,281.56
Contribution by Chinese Government
towards Cost of Internees' Camp,
Repayment of Building Loan,
Repayment of Trade Loan and Interest, Realization of Sterling Fund,
10.-LAND SALES.
86,956.52 86,956.52 39,284.32 39,284.32 78,400.00 78,400.00 90,508.72
Increased rate of Royalty and increased population.
Increased population.
do.
Temporary item. New item.
do.
90,508.72
Profit on realization.
Premia on New Leases, H. K.
200,000 1,388,663.72 1,188,663.72
do.
do.
은은은
Kowloon,
430,000
New Kow.
100,000
432,994.90 2,994.90 291,301.50
191,301.50
do.
N. T.
20,000
26,858.69
6,858.69
Increased demand for building sites for housing and industrial projects.
do.
do.
do.
་
- A 22
A 23
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 6.
IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE THE ACTUAL EXPENditure for THE YEAR 1939 IS COMPARED
WITH THE EXPENDITURE FOR THE PREVIOUS YEAR AND WITH THE ESTIMATES FOR 1939,
Heads of Expenditure.
Actual 1938
Estimates 1939
Actual 1939
$
C.
$
$
C.
H. E. the Governer
177,614.91
174,801
173,725.15
Colonial Secretary's Office and
Legislature
289,148.64
557,221
482,203.72
Audit Department
115,934.51
122,868
112,445.74
Botanical and Forestry
Department
139,078.07
151,953
145,061.41
Charitable Services
460,329.47
458,264
1,183,542.90
Defence:-
(a) Hong Kong Volunteer
Defence Corps
177,614.40
(b) Hong Kong Naval Volun-
177,491
489,602.22
teer Force
47,788.10
58,575
207,286.91
(c) Air Raid Precautions
(d) Military Contribution District Office, North
Do.,
Education Department
104,501.04
338,065
846,356.65
6,880,723.81
7,097,898
6,051,926.07
69,799.63
78,948
76,694.85
South
70,731.05
• 48,474
44,509.26
2,139,241.01
2,336,865
Fire Brigade
2,148,296.72
400,269.05
324,307
329,561.91
Harbour Department and Air
Services:-
(a) Harbour Department (b) Air Services
Kowloon-Canton Railway
1,246,853.86
1,324,320
1,221,439.92
101,138.38
101,357
100,184.91
Imports and Exports Office
457,669.38
477,986
511,084.72
1,163,614.28
952,103
727,687.78
Legal Departments
494,978.76
482,855
486,122.65
Magistracy, Hong Kong
111,072.36
74,739
74,380.32
Do., Kowloon
68,049.36
55,704
59,895.10
Medical Department
2,407,347.92
2,516,267
2,486,598.81
Miscellaneous Services
3,040,662.53
1,633,393
1,636,825.99
Pensions
Police Force
2,706,392.00
2,970,000
2,711,242.65
3,289,490.32
3,441,851
3,579,788.90
Post Office, Wireless and Broad-
casting:-
(a) Post Office
(b) Wireless
942,717.00
951,030
916,817.92
412,651
322,045.17
Radio Traffic Office
80,768.13
Wireless
(c) Broadcasting
211,020.71
Prison Department
84,952
77,921.10
908,863.71
921,140
920,245.69
Public Debt
Public Works Department and
1,351,631.00
1,332,031
1,332,031.00
Water Works :-
(a) Public Works Department
(b) Water Works
2,213,667.71
1,912,677
1,856,258.64
Public Works Recurrent :-
288,393
293,540.14
(a) General
1,811,168.55
1,300,600
1,279,837.52
(b) Water Works
967,907
850,647.82
Royal Observatory
92,941.16
91,440
110,373.28
Sanitary Department
1,050,283.55
1,148,034
1,183,030.29
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs
Stores Department
141,520.94
125,653
157,157.24
312,241
696,213.06
Treasury, etc.
311,370.12
263,934
249,435.84
35,275,995.42
36,068,988
36,132,019.97
Public Works Extraordinary
1,899,902.40
1,688,235
1,817,096.51
TOTAL.....
$ 37,175,897.82
37,757,223
37,949,116.48
$
MILLIONS
16
15
14
13
12
"
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
– A 24
―
CHART SHOWING
FLUCTUA
UNDER VARIOUS
VARIOUS HEADS DURI
REVENUE HEAD
2
YEAR
33
M
1930-193
4.
5
6
୫
A 24
SHOWING FLUCTUATIONS OF REVENUE
ARIOUS
HEADS DURING THE PAST TEn years
1930-1939
REVENUE HEADS
INTER
SPEC
JMB
AND HOUSES
ANEOUS RECEIPTS
SALES PREMIA ON NEW LEASES.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5 8
22
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A 25 -
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 7.
DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL EXPENDITURE FOR 5 YEARS 1935-1939.
Head.
Service.
1935
1936 1937
1938
1939
%
%
% %
%
1.
His Excellency the Governor
.51
.50
.61
.48
.46
2.
Colonial Secretary's Office and
Legislature
.93
1.01
.93
.78
1.27
3.
Audit Department
.32
.35
.38
.31
.30
4.
Botanical and Forestry
Department
.42
.42
.41
.37
.38
5.
Charitable Services
.81
.62
.67
1.24
3.12
6.
Defence
17.34
15.08
18.00
19.40
20.01
7-8.
District Offices
.37
.42
.38
.38
.32
9.
Education Department
6.02
6.31
6.34
5.75
5.66
10.
Fire Brigade
.94
.99
1.02
1.08
.87
11.
Harbour Department and Air
Services
3.61
3.77
3.39 3.63
3.48
12.
Imports and Exports Office
1.15 1.45
1.43
1.23
1.35
13.
Kowloon-Canton Railway
3.26
2.46 2.59
3.13
1.92
14-16. Legal Departments
1.60 1.81 1.83
1.81
1.64
17.
Medical Department
4.96
5.37 6.28
6.48
6.55
18.
Miscellaneous Services
6.01
5.04 5.07
8.18
4.31
19.
Pensions
5.49
7.75 7.97
7.28
7.14
20.
Police Force
8.61
9.60
9.68
8.85
9.43
21.
Post Office, Wireless and
Broadcasting
2.11
2.24 3.02 3.32
3.47
22.
Prison Department
2.64
3.00 3.18 2.44
2.43
23.
Public Debt. ....
4.99
4.71 4.27
3.64 3.51
24.
Public Works Department and
Water Works
6.84
7.61
7.59
5.95 5.67
25.
Public Works Recurrent
4.91
4.44 5.51
4.87 5.61
26.
Royal Observatory
.20
.24
.26
.25
.29
27.
Sanitary Department
3.26
3.15
3.14
2.82
3.12
28.
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs
.45
.47
.41
.38
.41
29.
Stores Department
1.83
30.
Treasury etc.
.73
.85
.94
.84
.66
31.
Public Works Extraordinary
9.90 10.34 4.70 5.11 4.79
..
Naval Arsenal Yard and Kellett
Island
1.62
Total
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
A 26
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 8.
34% DOLLAR LOAN ACCOUNT.
AUTHORIZED BY ORDINANCE No. 11 OF 1934.
STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Head.
Expended up to 31st December,
Expended
during 1939
1938
$
CA
1. Aberdeen Valley Water
Scheme
2,555,702.78
Total Expenditure
up to 31st December, 1939
2,555,702.78
2. Shing Mun Valley Water
Scheme :
(a) 1st Section
636,765.59
636,765,59
(b) 2nd Section :—
(1) Preliminary Works ..
36,718.84
36,718.84
(2) Filters
120,045.23
120,045.23
(3) Gorge Dam
8,663,919.95 3.37,039.93
8,626,880.02
(4) 2nd Cross Harbour
Pipes
173,348.32
173,348.32
(5) 2nd 24" Trunk Main
271,719.37
271,719.37
(6) 3rd Rapid Gravity
Filters
273,665.55
273,665.55
3. Vehicular Ferry
1,911,450.97
1,911,450.97
4. New Gaol at Stanley
3,912,971.41
3,912,971.41
5. Tytam Tuk Catchwater
689,386.55
689,386.55
6. Air Port :-
(a) Aerodrome
20,485.92
20,485.92
(b) Airport and Sea Plane
Slipway
753,442.34
Cr. 29,000.00
724,442.34
(c) Wireless Telegraph
Station
120,836.71
120,836.71
7. Redemption of 34%
Inscribed Stock
3,864,942.97
3,864,942.97
8. New Markets :-
(a) Central Market
(b) Wholesale Market
580,142.63 279,983.47
200,511.33 i
860,126.10
200,511.33
Total..
$ 24,786,056.46
213,943.54
25,000,000.00
:
A 27
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 9.
LOAN WORKS.
ADVANCES PENDING RE-IMBURSEMENT FROM PROPOSED NEW LOAN.
Works.
DIGANDS ON
Expenditure
up to 31st December, 1939.
Head 1.
Head 2.
NEW MARKETS:—
(a) Central Market
WATER WORKS:-
(a) Supply to Albany
(b) Supply to Peak Road
¢
38,228.07
88,740.74
129,657.57
(c) Cross Harbour Pipe
808,009.53
(d) Rapid Gravity Filters, Eastern
11,651.24
(e)
Kowloon Chai Service Reservoir
149,307.22
(f) Supply Main to Kowloon Chai Service Reservoir (g) Distribution Island
41,212.51
40,813.47
(h) Distribution Mainland
66,663.23
(i) Shing Mun Valley Scheme Catchwaters
586,218.57
(1) Rapid Gravity Filters, Shing Mun Valley Scheme
106,192.42
(k) Tai Lam Chung Scheme, Preliminary Works
41,957.64
(New Meters
93,684.38
n) Waste Detection Equipment
(n) Reconstruction at Albany
(o) Miscellaneous Works
Head 3. EXTENSION OF AERODROME
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Total
54,256.77
48,548.02
1,120.32
$2,306,262.30
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 10.
STATEMENT OF TRADE LOANS AS AT 31ST. DECEMBER, 1939.
Loans issued since 16th November, 1925, on approved
securities
Less redemptions effected up to
31st December, 1938
1939
Less amount written off as irrecoverable
Loans outstanding on 31st December, 1939
$15,633,582.97
$14,994,397.82 73,500.00
15,067,897.82
565,685.15
485,913.73
$
79,771.42
Total number of Loans issued since 16.11.1925
302
Less number redeemed up to 31.12.1939
Number of Loans outstanding on 31.12.1939
301
U
1
FINANCIAL RETURN No. 11.
STATEMENT OF FUNDED PUBLIC DEBT OR LOANS BORROWED FOR FIXED PERIODS OUTSTANDING ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1939, AND OF THE ACCUMULATED SINKING FUND AT THE SAME DATE.
Designation
SINKING FUND.
of Debt or
Loan.
Legal
Authority.
Amount
Outstanding.
Nominal Value.
Cost Price.
Market Value.
Amount of Stocks, &c.
$
£
d.
Hong Kong
4%
Conversion
Loan.
Ordinance
No. 15 of
1933.
4,838,000
British Guiana (1960)
3% Stock.
19,009 9
2
£ 8. d.
18,724 6 4
£
s. d.
*18,724 6 4
Commonwealth of
Australia (1950/52)
3/1/%
""
Northern Rhodesia (1950/70) 5%
Sierra Leone (1954)
3%
""
New Zealand (1949)
5%
5,000 0 0
5,188 13 3
13,015 9 7
5,745 16 3
4,575 0 0
5,683 15 0
12,039 6 4
(921)
4,625 0 0
(108) 5,629 14 0
(88) 11,518 14 0
5,638 14 0
""
(101) 5,832 00
Kenya (1950)
.41%
11,212 5 5 3
12,232 17 6
""
(1042) 11,716 16 3
India (1948/53)
4%
11,109 10 1
11,438 0 5
(101)
11,220 12 ()
""
Fife (1951/61)
4/12%
6,000 0 0
6,307 10 0
(105)
6,300 00
£76,281 3 7
£76,639 9 7
£75,567 27
Hong Kong
31/%
Dollar Loan.
Ordinance
No. 11 of
1934.
11,200,000 Repayment annually at the rate of 1/25th of the total nominal value of $14,000,000 of the bonds issued.
* No quotation.
?
A 28
TOTAL
VACANCIES.
30007
1937
2,000
1000!
1938.
GRAPH NO1 SHOWING
VARIATION OF
VACANT TENEMENTS.
1939
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
APL.
MAY.
JUN.
JLY.
AUG.
SEP.
OCT.
NOV.
DEC.
ASSESSOR'S OFFICE
1939.
A 29
的
INTERIM VALUATIONS IN $1000,000.
5
RATEABLE VALUE IN $1,000,000.
44.
40
38
GRAPH NO. 2 SHOWING
(A) VARIATION OF THE RATEABLE VALUE OF THE COLONY.
CAPART FROM THE NEW TERRITORIES).
(B) VARIATION OF INTERIM
(A) RATEABLE VALUE.
32
(B) INTERIM VALUATIONS.
1939-1930.
1930-1931.
VALUATIONS.
·
1931-1938. 1932-1933. 1933-1934. 1934-1935. 1935-1936. 1936-1937. 1937-1938. 1938-1939. 1939-1940, DEC. 3147.
-YEAR-
1939.
ASSESSOR'S OFFICE
1939.
A 30
'
་
A 31
REPORT OF THE ASSESSOR FOR THE YEAR 1939.
1. The total Rateable Value of the Island of Hong Kong (including Aplichau), Kowloon and New Kowloon on the 31st December, 1939, was $43,077,122 as compared with $36,120,381 on the 31st December, 1938, representing an increase of $6,956,741 or 19.26% during the year under review.
2. The following table shows the distribution of the Assessments on December 31st, 1939, as compared with December 31st, 1938:-
Valuation
Valuation
District.
Dec 31st, Dec. 31st,
1938. $
Increase.
Increase.
1939. $
%
City of Victoria
21,501,151
24.724.303
3,133,152
14.51
H. K. Villages
3,868,149
4,589 059
720,910
18.64
Kowloon
8,326,660
10,600,096
2,273,436
27.30
New Kowloon
2,334,421 3,163,664
829,243
35.52
Total
36,120,381
43,077,122
6,956,741
19.26
3. During the year under review the net revenue from rates was $6,776,168.00 as compared with $5,987,126.31 the previous year, an increase of $789,041.69 or 13.18%.
The refunds of rates in respect of vacant tenements, assessments cancelled, and tenements not rateable amounted to $31,033.28, compared with $52,788.39 in 1938, a decrease of $21,755.11, which figure, however, cannot be directly compared with the increase in the revenue from rates given above, owing to the effect of a preponderance of early or late payments at the beginning and end of the year and a number of other varying factors.
4. By order of His Excellency the Governor in Council a new valuation of the tenements in Hong Kong, Aplichau, Kowloon and New Kowloon was made during the year, being commenced at the beginning of the year and completed by the 1st June, 1939, on which date the List was declared before the Honourable the Colonial Secretary as required by law. The result of the new valuation was an increase of $6,412,450 or 18.06% over the Rateable Value obtained by the re-valuation made in 1938.
The details being as follows:
District.
Valuation Valuation 1938-1939. 1939-1940.
$
$
Increase.
Increase.
%
City of Victoria
H. K. Villages
Kowloon
New Kowloon
21,346,621 24,657,053 3,828,927 4,279,463 8,118,336 10,085,784 2,208,738 2,892,772
3,310,432
15.51
450,536
11.77
1,967,448
24.23
684,034
30.97
Total
35,502,622 41,915,072
6,412,450
18.06
A 32
This increase of $6,412,450 is the greatest ever made at the annual re-valuation, the next highest being an increase of $5,139,911 at the 1925 1926 re valuation.
Of the increase in 1925-1926, however, $3,603,343 was due to interim vàlua- tions of new and improved buildings made during the year prior to the re-valuation, while at the 1939-1940 re-valuation only $960,349 was due to interim valuations. Thus the bulk of the increase of $6,412,450 was due to higher rental values.
In the City of Victoria the increase in the valuation was mainly due to the higher level of rents obtaining for practically all classes of property.
The increase in the case of Hong Kong Villages was due largely to increased rents, but partly also to new houses and flats.
In the case of Kowloon the increase was accounted for by the higher rents prevailing for dwellings, godowns, factories, etc., and also to new Chinese tenement houses and semi-European and European flats and houses.
The New Kowloon increase was due to higher rents of dwellings and shops, and to some extent to new Chinese tenement houses and semi-European flats.
5. The number of floors reported and found vacant during the year averaged 32 per month compared with 120 per month in 1938, while the number of all classes of tenements each under one assessment reported and found vacant averaged 52 per month compared with 117 per month in 1938. Thus the total vacancies averaged 84 per month compared with 237 per month in 1938. (See graph No. 1).
6. Throughout the year, refunds of rates were granted for vacant floors of tenements where the owners had elected at the last re-valuation to obtain this concession.
7. The number of Interim valuations carried out during the year under review was 1,856 made up as follows :—
No.
City of Victoria
Rateable Value
Rest of Colony
Rateable
No.
Value
$
New or rebuilt tenements and
tenements structurally altered
215
425,853
1,302
1.598,160
Assessment cancelled, tenements
resumed, pulled down or being in other respects not rateable
126
293,521
213
273,465
Number and Increase
341
132,332
1,515
1,324,695
(See graph No. 2).
8. During the year 392 new street numbers were allotted.
9.
The following table shows a comparison of the total assessments resulting from the annual re-valuations for the years 1929-1930 to 1939-1940.
A
A 33
As compared with
Year.
Rateable Value
previous year.
Increase.
Decrease.
$
Increase. $
Decrease.
$5
%
%
1929-1930
31,617,566
1930-1931 33,069,602 1,452,036
1931-1932 35,071,566 2,001,964
4.59
6.04
1932-1933 37,457,725 2,386,159
6.80
1933-1934 38,941,273 1,483,548
3.96
1934-1935 38,641,856
299,417
0.77
1935-1936 36,374,100
2,267,756
5.87
1936-1937 34,643,760
1,730,340
4.76
1937-1938 34,208,734
435,026
1.26
1938-1939 35,502,622 1,293,888
3.78
1939-1940 41,915,072
6,412,450
18.06
(See graph No. 2).
10. Since the 1929-1930 re-valuation the total Rateable Value has increased by $11,459,556 or 36.24%, taking the value at the 31st December 1939.
11. The shortage of accommodation of all kinds continued, but became a shade less acute towards the end of the year, due no doubt partly to the considerable building that was carried out outside the City limits. The only noticeable effect, however, was a tendency for exceptionally high rents to fall somewhat.
12. The Prevention of Eviction Ordinance, 1938, which on 26th May, 1939, was extended for a year, was consolidated and amended on 15th December, 1939, and continued to exercise its steadying effect. Under this amended Ordinance a landlord or tenant may, on payment of a fee, obtain a Certificate from the Assessor stating what in his opinion is the fair and reasonable rent of any dwelling to which the Ordinance applies.
13. On the 30th June, by Ordinance No. 26 of 1939, the Rating Ordinance, No. 6 of 1901, was amended so as to exempt from rates any buildings etc. constructed and used solely for the purpose of affording protection in the event of hostile attack from the air, or for purposes auxiliary thereto if approved by the A. R. P. Officer and Assessor.
14. The Rating Ordinance was further amended on 15th December, by Ordinance No. 42 of 1939, which had the effect of changing the rating year, in order to make it coincide with the new financial year. Thus the rating year which formerly began on 1st July now begins on 1st April.
15. On December 14th the offices of the Assessment Department were moved from the G. P. O. Building to Marina House, No. 17 Queen's Road Central, Ground Floor.
Assessor's Office,
7th March, 1940.
J. RING,
Assessor.
A 34
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF INLAND REVENUE
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
The four heads of Inland Revenue are Betting Duty, Entertainment Tax, Estate Duty and Stamp Duties.
to:
After allowing for refunds, revenue for the years 1938 and 1939 amounted
1938.
1939.
Betting Duty
238,274.89
248,713.01
Entertainment Tax
320,027.86
351,988.95
Estate Duty
1,220,854.17
721,527.75
Stamp Duties
2,324,948.76
2,531,108.72
$4,104,105.68
$3,853,338.43
No new enactments affecting Inland Revenue were passed during the year.
Regulations were made under Section 4 of the Stamp Ordinance, 1921, to enable forms of receipt (bound and serially numbered and bearing the address of the maker) to be stamped with an impressed and dated receipt stamp. The response to the facility so provided has been very small, though revenue from receipt stamps generally showed a considerable increase over that of previous years.
During the year there was one prosecution for failure to pay Entertainment Tax, a fine of $15.00 being inflicted.
There were 79 convictions in connection with Stamp Duties, as compared with 213 during 1938. Fines imposed amounted to $950.60.
Penalties for late stamping inflicted by the Collector of Stamp Revenue during 1939 amounted to $747.60. Details are given below:-
Agreements and Guarantees
$235.00
Receipts
4.40
Promissory Notes
140.00
Charter Parties
119.20
Chinese Shippers' Books
32.30
Mortgages
172.00
Conveyance on Sale
20.00
Bills of Exchange
24.70
$747.60
A 35
The Estate Duty Commissioner imposed penalties amounting to $19,575.80 as compared with $7,693.35 during 1938.
There were no appeals to the Governor-in-Council, under Section 16 of the Estate Duty Ordinance, during the year.
The total number of Estates in respect of which accounts were filed was 654 (including estates which proved to be exempi) as compared with 605 in 1938. Net estates as originally sworn totalled $9 878,117.81 and as finally assessed by the Commissioner and taxed $10,911,485.70, which compares with $13,440,671.13 as sworn, and $13,867,475.40 as finally ass ssed, in 1938.
Statistical summaries of Stamp Duty and Estate Duty receipts are shown in the appendices to this report.
W. ANEURIN JONES, Superintendent of Inland Revenue.
1st April, 1940.
- A 36
STAMP DUTIES STATISTICS.
CLASSIFICATION.
1938.
1939.
*Emigration Papers
635.00
Charter Parties
16,271.65
21,291.50
Share Contract Notes
47,052.25
51,110.35
Share Transfers
107,511.75
68,899.95
Policies of Insurance
77,791.45
86,172.30
Bills of Lading
93,007.00
110,376.55
Certificates to Practise.
18,200.00
19,500.00
Promissory Notes
12,922.70
41,879.59
Dividend Warrants
3,584.20
3,518.80
Cheques
121,809.50
130,906.65
Registrar of Companies, Shanghai
988.99
1,160.00
Bank-note Duty
729,357.57
738,807.13
Bill of Exchange Stamps
314,035.20
424,913.70
Receipt Stamps
401,904.00
443,586.90
Legal Documents
379,926.65
388,350.30
Unclassified
585.85
Totals
$2,324,948.76
*No statistics kept prior to 1939.
$2,531,108.72
•
+
+
=
Allowances.
Gross Estate.
- A 37
ESTATE DUTY STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Note. FIGURES IN BRACKETS RELATE TO THE YEAR 1938.
$604,628.64
(502,148.99)
Classification
Bank deposits
Estates under $200,000.00. Presumed origin of deceased- British Isles.
$189,749.57
(436,951.60)
Estates under $200,000.00. Presumed origin of deceased- China.
Estates under $200,000.00. Presumed origin of deceased- Other.
Estates over $200,000.00. All races.
Total.
$51,221.03
(89,560.48)
$184,182.44
(421,165.59)
$1,029,781.68
(1,449,826.66)
4,844.56
113,394.78
Business deposits
(5,509.28)
(211,647.63)
790.74 (4,833.42)
33,061.60 (10,075.00)
152,091.68 (232,065.33)
Money out on mortgage of land
9,182.06
(82,045.07)
86.475.42 (170,247.70)
29,558.95
39,118.00 (1,032,912.98)
164,334.43 (1,285,235.75)
Other debts due to deceased
-3,512.45
30.080.37 (48,633.94)
10,271.69 (-)
33.092.11 *(-1,296.00)
69,931.72 (47,337.94)
Shares quoted on Stock exchange
1,906,595.55
(1,584,810.25)
494,102.72 (528,560.74)
456,197.15
(267,457.09)
2.043,282.65 (3,254,288.26)
4,900,178.07 (5,635,116.34)
26,413.92
659,281.80
Other Shares
(37,907.90)
(827,159.28)
67,000.00 (13,945.16)
211.970.58 (997,535.00)
964,666.30 (1,876,547.34)
87,151.17
164,507.17
Life Insurance
*(-15,227.27)
(147,875.39)
17,702,58 (17,684.23)
5,000.00
274,360.92 (150,332.35)
Immovable
950.00
2,148,347.69
2.552,610.19
property
(43,400.00)
(2,319,797.85)
(29,150.00)
(827,219.08)
4,701,907.88 (3,219,566.93)
101,936.02
155,822.01
22,560.12
Other property
(62,150.26)
(236,278.74)
(26,909.06)
63,065.86 (914,457.97)
343,384.01 (1,239,796.03)
Gross Estates
2,323,310.40 (2,237,547.09)
4,456,640.60
655,302.26
(4,992,350.26)
(449,539.44)
5,165,383.43 (7,456,387.88)
12,600,636.69 (15,135,824.67)
Mortgage debts
(9,551.01)
457,568.23 (451,545.22)
-)
164,219.17
-)
621,787,40 (461,096.23)
Other debts
21,634.64 (23,481.44)
178,736.30 (475,458.55)
7,657,20 (54,260.65)
793,573.62 (200,289.47)
1,001,601.76
(753,490.11)
Funeral expenses
Net estates as finally assessed by Commissioner
4,115.57 (4,352.33)
51,880.95 (43,753.60)
3,448.81 (1,775.00)
6,316.50 (3,882.00)
65,761.83 (53,762.93)
2,297,560.19 (2,200,162.31)
3,768,455.12 (4,021,592.89)
644,196.25 (393,503.79)
4,201,274.14 (7,252,216.41)
10,911,485.70 (13,867,475.40)
Net estates as originally sworn
2,256,381.28 (2,193,476.34)
3,348,149.21 (3,656,610.09)
638,962.97 (385,795.16)
3,634,624.35 (7,204,789.54)
9,878,117.81 (13,440,671.13)
Revenue
111,676.85 (104,842.28)
149,032.25 (171,124.57)
32,846.24 (16,558.19)
427,972.41 (928,329.13)
721,527.75 (1,220,854.17)
73
Number of estates (male)
365
27
17
482
(62)
(311)
(27)
(10)
(410)
Number of estates (female)
34
54
7
(22)
(66)
(6)
13)
96
(3)
(97)
Number of cases
35
298
20
13
where deceased
(19)
(224)
(16)
(6)
30
366
(265)
died in Colony
*Refunds in respect of previous years' exceeded receipts
A 38
STORES DEPARTMENT.
PORTAIR YOU
REPORT OF THE CONTROLLER OF STORES FOR THE YEAR 1969.
:
I. PREFACE.
Central Purchasing was started in 1937 as the result of an investigation by Committee appointed to enquire into the methods by which the supplies of the various Government departments were parchased and distributed.
8.131.60.12. Central Purchasing was undertaken, in the first instance, by the Director of Public Works through his authorized deputy the Superintendent of Accounts and Stores.
$8.500.85%
3. As from the 23rd February, 1937, all matters relating to Stores and ⠀⠀ Indents, (including all correspondence with the Crown Agents for the Colonies, previously undertaken by the Colonial Secretariat) were transferred to the Director of Public Works, with the exception of those pertaining to the Kowloon- Canton Railway.
4. After the scheme had been in operation for about fifteen months Government decided, with the approval of the Secretary of State, that the work in connection with the purchase of stores should be removed from the Public Works Department and taken over by a separate Stores Department under the immediate charge of an officer bearing the title "Controller of Stores" and under the general supervision of the Financial Secretary.
-5. The Stores Department, composed of the former Store staff of the Public Works Department, commenced to function on the 1st June, 1938, with headquarters at Bullock Lane, Wanchai.
6. The main depot at Wanchai-originally situated on the waterfront but now, through reclamation work, far removed from it--has in the course of time become hopelessly inadequate to meet the demands of the greatly increased public undertakings during the past decade. The need for more warehouse ac- commodation has been for a long time a matter of serious concern.
AT.108.100
HOCKEY 7. During the past few years part of a warehouse has been used for the administrative offices; the overcrowding and unsanitary conditions there have **caused much sickness amongst the staff, whilst working conditions during the
summer have been almost intolerable.
8. Funds were in fact provided in the 1929 Estimates for new Stores buildings at Hung Hom, but on account of financial stringency the scheme was deferred. pas
9. 9. Funds were again provided in the 1936 Estimates for new Stores premises at Hung Hom. In the meantime, however, this area, where a Broadcasting Station had been temporarily erected, was found particularly suitable for Wireless transmission. It was decided, therefore, that the Hung Hom area should be allotted for wireless services and as a result of this decision the provision for a new Store made in the 1936 Estimates lapsed.
10. A new site at North Point, which is in an industrial area, was proposed after careful investigation and was finally approved by Government, the necessary funds being voted by the Legislature in the 1938 Estimates.
11. Owing to pressure of other architectural work it was not found possible to commence work on the new Central Store buildings during 1938; the work on the pier and piling was, however, completed.
。
A 39
12. The contract for the new Central Store was let in April, 1939, and the building was due for completion in December following, but due to the delay in the arrival of materials from England on account of the war the premises were not ready for occupation at the end of the year under review though it was expected that they would be ready in February, 1940.
13. There has been an appreciable expansion in the work of the De- partment since its inauguration and this will be readily apparent from the particulars of the turnover during 1939. This expansion has necessitated a considerable amount of internal re-organisation, and with the improved accom- modation soon to become available the Department will be materially assisted in the direction of greater efficiency and economy in the purchase and distribution of stores.
II. UNALLOCATED STORES.
14. In the past purchases of stores were normally debited to the Unallocated Stores (Suspense) Account and only charged to Heads of Expenditure when allocated to the use of particular departments or services. The effect was that part of the Colony's nominal surplus balance was used in the purchase of stores. The funds which could be so allocated were limited under instructions from the Secretary of State to approximately six months' supply but did not come directly under the control of the Legislature.
15. Certain changes in accounting procedure set out in the Secretary of State's circular despatch of the 25th November, 1937, (published in Sessional Paper No. 9 of 1938) were brought into effect in the year under review.
16. These changes in financial procedure were designed to secure that the accounts correctly disclose the funds available to meet approved expenditure and also to serve the even more important purpose of preserving to the Legis- lature the fullest control over appropriation.
17. The purchase of stores during 1939 has been met from voted moneys and not from surplus funds. The actual amount spent on the purchase of stores is authorised in a separate sub-head-Unallocated Stores-in the Estimates as part of the Expenditure Head of the Stores Department. All purchases, returns and charges during the financial year have been debited to this sub-head, and the value of stores issued to departments or services during the same period was charged to the proper sub-head in the Estimates of the departments concerned. Cash receipts from the sale of stores were credited to a sub-head of Miscellaneous Revenue.
18. The sanction of the Secretary of State is required, as before, to establish a stock of Unallocated Stores within a defined maximum. The amount approved by the Secretary of State for the year 1939 was $1,000,000, as com- pared with $750,000 for the year 1938. The increase in the maximum standard stock for the year 1939 was due to the increased cost of stores and to the necessity for holding ample reserve stocks as a precaution against interruption of supplies.
19. The bulk of the requirements of locally purchased stores were obtained under contracts which were let for periods of six or twelve months according to the nature of the commodity required. Contracts for the general stores are detailed in Appendix I.
20. In addition to the general stores contracts special contracts were made on behalf of departments for the following services:-
Uniform Clothing; Boots and Shoes; Gestetner Materials; Typewriters; Asphaltum; Oils and Greases; Coal; Sand and Transportation of Stores.
- A 40
21. Miscellaneous purchases were infinite in variety and were in respect of many sundries which were required from day to day by the various depart- ments but which were not covered by contract. Requisitions were scrutinised for items which might appear extravagant or for which there was a suitable substitute in stock or in contract, such instances being reported to the re- quisitioning department. It was, in all cases, the practice to invite competitive quotations for all miscellaneous purchases.
22. The total value of stores purchased during the year was $3,660,614.93, as compared with $3,134,773.67 in 1938. Supplies were obtained from the following
sources:-
1939
1938
$
$
*
(i) Crown Agents for the Colonies
(excluding Allocated Stores)
(ii) Local.
(a) Miscellaneous stores and
locally made articles
(b) Oils and Greases
1,672,552.20 1,569,187.97
1,257,930.82 1,478,280.47
405,023.45
(c) Asphaltum
86,016.79
(d) Coal
*
28,223.63
(e) Iron and Steel (Imported
from Australia)
(iii) Other Government Departments..
174,464.06
693,727.93
Total
36,403.98 87,305.23
3,660,614.93 3,134,773.67
23.
* Includes special purchases.
11,471 demands for stores were received from departments, being an increase of 3,033 demands compared with the year 1938.
24. 856 Bills of Lading and 675 Parcel Receipts were cleared during the year and 2,304 tons of stores were landed from ships and delivered to warehouses and
consumers.
25. Claims made in respect of loss or damage to stores in transit amounted to $2,896.48 of which sum $2,404.41 was recovered during the financial year. The balance outstanding has been accepted for settlement in next year's account.
26. The headquarters staff occupied temporary premises at Wanchai throughout the year. Stores were accommodated at the Main Store at Bullock Lane and at the Branch Stores at Arsenal Street, Hung Hom, and also from September, 1939, at Yaumati Slipway which was taken over from the Harbour Department.
27. The stores held on charge by the Department were surveyed by a Board appointed by Government and the stocks were reported to be correct and in good
order.
28. The accounts have been audited continuously throughout the year by the Audit Department.
7
29.
A 41
The following is a Statement of the Unallocated Stores Account for the years 1939 and 1938:-
1939
$
1938
Stock in hand at 1st January
743,020.01
$
486,938.40
Add Purchases, Returns and Charges, as
charged to Expenditure Sub-head
3,659,836.81 3,134,773.67
4,402,856.82 3,621,712.07
Deduct Issues to Votes and Services as
credited to Expenditure Sub-head
3,350,330.59 2,775,611.46
1,052,526,23 846,100.61
Deduct Proceeds of stores sold
74,285.10
60,076.66
978,241.13
786,023.95
Deduct Transfers between Stores (net).
38,232.94
40,594.16
940,008.19
745,429.79
Deduct Adjustments for stores not paid for
in December, in which received (net)
285.53
256.33
939,722.66
745,173.46
Deduct Losses and Deficiencies written off
152.71
2,153.45
Paid up stock in hand at 31st December
939,569.95
743,020.01
III. STATIONERY-ALLOCATED STORES.
30. The bulk of the stationery requirements of the Service was purchased through the Crown Agents for the Colonies. Gestetner materials were bought locally on favourable terms which included the free servicing of Gestetner machines in use in all departments.
31. The cost of Stationery issued to all departments, excluding the Kowloon Canton Railway, for the year 1939 was $39,692.23 and was charged to the Stores Department sub-head of Expenditure "Stationery".
32. A few of the main items of stationery required during 1939 were as follows:-
Paper, various
Ink
Pencils
10,000 reams.
500 galls.
Carbon Paper Typewriter Ribbons
450 boxes.
1,200 Nos.
150 gross.
Pens
500 gross.
A 42
33. The Department maintains stocks of standard printed forms, obtained from the Printing Department of the Hong Kong Prison, to meet the demands of all departments.
34. Undoubtedly a large saving has been effected since stationery supplies were centralised, due in part to the standardisation which took place involving a reduction in the number of items and in the many varieties and weights of paper. Investigations are proceeding in other directions which will effect still further economies.
IV. GOVERNMENT FIREWOOD SUPPLY.
35. The Botanical and Forestry Department has supplied this Department during the past two years with timber from forest areas damaged by typhoons and the ravages of insects. This timber was sold in previous years to the highest tenderer, usually at prices considerably below the market rate for firewood whilst Government purchased its firewood requirements in the open market.
36. The requirements of Government's services are now fully met from the timber supplied by the Botanical and Forestry Department. The timber is delivered in logs to the Furniture Workshop where it is cut into suitable lengths for issue.
37. The scheme has proved both practical and economical and the monetary saving during the period of operation has been considerable.
38. Timber received and issued as firewood during 1939:-
Stock in hand at 1st. January
Add. Receipts from B. & F. Dept., and timber confiscated by order of Magistrates (less shrinkage allowance) ..
tons.
922.97
761.76
Deduct Issues to
All Departments
Kowloon-Canton Railway
Refugee Camps
Total
Stock in hand at 31st December
1,684.73
tons.
788.00
5.05
441.09
1,234.14
450.59
V. FURNITURE.
39. There were 60 men on the pay roll of the Furniture Workshop, Arsenal Street, at the beginning of the year and this number was increased to 165 from September onwards. The monthly average number of workmen employed was 110.
40. Due to the many and urgent demands for emergency services, the Workshop production was strained to the utmost during the last four months of the year. At one period in September it was found necessary to employ the workshop staff in three shifts of eight hours each daily and during this time the machines were in operation continuously for twenty four hours daily.
41. The furniture in the residences of His Excellency the Governor, Hospitals, Schools, Police Stations, Offices and Quarters was maintained in good repair and where necessary unserviceable articles were replaced.
-
%
•
42.
A 43
Inventories of furniture in Government buildings, offices and quarters were checked at intervals throughout the year.
43. The workshop plant and equipment was checked with the inventories at the end of the year and found correct and in good order.
44.
The total value of the furniture work executed by the Department during the year was $148,519.34, detailed as follows:-
(i) Recurrent Expenditure.
Maintenance and supply of furniture to all Departments
and Government Quarters, etc.,
$47,683.64
(Charged to Head 29, Stores Department, sub-head 17, Furniture).
(ii) Furniture and Equipment for new services
$90,654.75
(Charged to separate Heads in the Estimates).
Hospitals
$11,449.08
Police Stations
$11,333.80
Schools
15,829.71
Refugee Camps
11,441.36
Central Store
9,859.96
Internment Camp
17,571.87
Central Market
2,894.23
New Offices, P.W.D.
2,541.20
A.R.P. Services
1,048.89
Fire Stations
988.24
Prison Services
1,331.01
K.C. Railway
286.37
Government House
1,220.88
Urban Council
595.99
Treasury Dept.
363.12
Harbour Dept.
239.39
Postal Services
221.52
Miscellaneous Services ...
1,438.13
(iii) Extraordinary Expenditure.
Furniture for the Government of Fiji
$10,180.95
This furniture was made at the request of the Government of Fiji for shipment by the M/V "Viti" now being built in Hong Kong. The cost of the furniture will be recovered from the Government of Fiji through the Crown Agents for the Colonies.
VI. SAND MONOPOLY.
45. The Sand Monopoly operates under the Sand Ordinance, No. 50 of 1935, and the Sand Amendment Ordinance, No. 12 of 1938, which are designed to prevent the theft of sand from land, foreshore or sea bed not under lease from the Crown and to control the importation and the removal of sand by junk, lighter, truck or lorry.
46. The price of all sand purchased under permit from 1st. January, 1939, to 30th June, 1939, was at the rate of $1.50 per cubic yard. As from 1st July, 1939. the price of sand purchased from Government Sand Depôts was fixed at the rate of $1.50 per cubic yard, and from places other than the Depôts at the rate of $2.00 per cubic yard. The increase in the price for sand delivered direct to consumers was necessary owing to the prevailing local conditions.
A 44
47. Depôts for the sale of sand were maintained on the Island at Gloucester Road and North Point, and on the Mainland at Hung Hom and Tsun Wan. Reserve dumps were built up for emergency purposes at Quarry Point, Hung Hom and Mau Tau Kok.
48. Sand was collected prior to September, 1939, from 25 beaches, the majority of which were situated on Lantau and Lamma Islands. Specified quantities of sand were taken from each beach and thereafter the beach was rested until sufficient fresh deposits of sand had accumulated.
49. From September onwards the collection of sand had to be restricted mainly to the sea bed at Gin Drinkers Bay and Tai Lam Chung because of the difficulty of access to beaches within dangerous and prohibited areas.
50. Sand was also collected from nullahs and streamcourses although suitable deposits from this source were considerably less than in the previous year.
51. An investigation of direct deliveries of sand from beaches to consumers confirmed the belief that there was considerable illicit traffic in sand. Deliveries of sand direct to purchasers on the Harbour waterfront were discontinued except to bona fide firms with premises thereon. This action proved satisfactory and there was an immediate increase in the demand for sand from depôts.
52. Action was taken in 13 cases against persons contravening one or more sections of the Sand Ordinance. 19 persons appeared before the Magistrates; 12 were convicted, 2 bound over and 5 discharged.
53. The depôt stores and equipment were checked with the inventories at the end of the year and found correct and in good order.
54. Statement of quantities of sand collected and sold :-
Stock in hand on 1st. January
1939 cub. yds.
1938 cub. yds.
4,376.25
691.02
Add.
Collected from Beaches
246,048.78 167,438.87
do.
Streamcourses & Nullahs
6,615.72 18,152.93
Total
257,040.75 186,282.82
1939
1938
Deduct.
Sold to Public
192,463.28 181,143.65
Issued to Govt. Services
1,206.81
762.92
Losses (Typhoon)
Stock in hand at 31st. December
4,313.19
197,983.28 181,906.57
59,057.47 4,376.25
ᎠᎡ .
Stock in hand 1st. January
SAND MONOPOLY WORKING ACCOUNT.
1939
1938
$ 3,063.38
ff
吊 342.05
Sales of Sand
Stock in hand (Book value) at 31st December.
1939
$289,773.02 $230,348.26
CR.
1938
41,340.23
3,063.38
Personal Emoluments.
Salaries & Wages
$13,347.87
Rent Allowances
$12,727.29
1,431.96 14,779.83 1,650.06 14,377.35
Other Charges.
Purchase of Sand
186,381.57
100,799.86
Conveyance Allowance
46.56
700.27
Maintenance of Equipment
486.29
118.95
Electric Fans & Light
23.08
26.04
Rent of Telephone
34.66
78.00
Transport & Travelling
Expenses
540.24
349.00
Uniform
1,130.83
20.00
1,292.26
Part salaries of general staff.
1.238.19
1,076.64
Passages & Pensions
1,847.48
3,085.67
1,797.17
2,873.81
Balance, being net profit
122,671.97
113,726.31
$331.113.25
$233,411.64
$331,113.25 | $233,411.64
A 45
་
VII.
A 46
MUSEUM COLLECTIONS.
56. The City Hall Museum Collection consists of an interesting assortment of named fresh water shells, a number of marine shells and corals, minerals, a few specimens of mammals, birds and reptiles, and a miscellaneous assortment of specimens, all of historic interest to the Colony or to countries adjacent to the Colony.
57. The Collection has been placed in storage pending the erection of a building suitable for its public exhibition. A Report on a new Museum for Hong Kong was published in Sessional Paper No. 1 of 1938.
58. The Chater Collection of Porcelain, bequeathed to the Hong Kong Government by the late Sir Paul Chater, consists of 17th, 18th and 19th century wares, imitating a small group of Chinese ceramics of the K'ang-hsi period of the Ch'ing dynasty and, in the opinion of an expert Committee, is by no means representative of Chinese Ceramic art. There are two dishes of the Chengte period of the Ming dynasty.
59. The Collection of Porcelain has been stored during the year in the remaining part of the old City Hall. Arrangements have been made to transfer the Porcelain to the Central Store at North Point early in 1940 when the Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club vacates its present premises.
60. The Chater Collection of Pic ures, also bequeathed to the Hong Kong Government by the late Sir Paul Chater, comprises oils, water colours, ink and pencil drawings and etchings, mezzc-tints, aqua-tints, engravings, lithographs and photographs, all of great interest to the Colony and many of historical value.
61. In the absence of any suitable repository for the whole Collection, those pictures which could not be given wall space at Government House have been distributed to the University and the Colonial Secretariat.
62. Expert examination of the pictures in the Collection revealed serious deterioration in their condition which was attributable to the ravages of the climate, insects, moulds, etc.
63. Government was advised that the pictures could be restored and with expert care and maintenance saved from further deterioration.
64. The work of restoration was carried out by Mr. E. A. von Kobza-nagy at a cost of $3,500 and the pictures are now in excellent condition.
65. Mr. E. A. von Kobza-nagy was appointed Honorary Curator of the Chater Collection of Pictures; his duties are to visit and inspect the Collection four times in every twelve months, making one inspection between October and March and three inspections between April and September and, after each visit, to present a report to Government of the result of his inspection, including therein. any recommendations with a view to the proper preservation of the Collection.
66. Provision has been made in the 1940-41 Estimates for an underground concrete shelter to be built in the Stores compound at North Point to store these Collections in the event of an emergency.
:
A 47
VIII. STAFF.
67. Mr. W. J. Anderson, Controller of Stores, returned from long leave and resumed duty on the 26th April, 1939.
68. I desire to express my appreciation of the services of the staff whose help was at all times invaluable, and who were frequently called upon to work overtime on account of the abnormal conditions.
IX. CONCLUSION.
69. Whilst an endeavour has been made to cover every section of the Stores organisation, the varied and voluminous nature of the duties involved docs not permit of more than a passing reference to many phases of the work. It is hoped, however, that the information provided will enable the value of the Central Government Store to be properly assessed.
W. J. ANDERSON, Controller of Stores.
25th April, 1940.
Fi
4
CONTENTS.
A.-Manner in which the Accounts have been kept and Rendered
Paragraphs
2-14
2
Date of closing accounts
Draft Appropriation Account
Assistance given by Audit Officers
Misallocations
Queries
Recoveries due to Audit action
Co
3
1
5
6-10
8- 9
Departures from Regulations
B.-Sufficiency of Existing Checks Against Fraud
Adequacy of regulations
Cash Balances-Annual Survey of
Internal Checks
11-14
15-25
15
16
17-18
Cheque Registers
19
Securities furnished by Public Officers
20-23
Frauds
24
Losses of Cash and Stamps
25
C.-Annual Abstract Account
Receipts
Payments
D.-Authorities for Expenditure, 1939
Recurrent
Estimates
26-32
26-28
29-32
33-45
33-37
33
Appropriation Ordinance
34
Schedules of additional provision
35-36
Supplementary Appropriation Ordinance
37
31% Dollar Loan, 1934
38-40
Estimates and Revised Estimates
39
Revisions of Loan Schedule
40
Proposed New Loan-Expenditure on works to be met from
41-43
Estimates and 1st and 2nd revision of
Actual expenditure during 1939
Estimated cost, 1st and 2nd revisions of
11
42
43
CONTENTS,-continued.
Paragraphs.
31% Loan
Waterworks Renewals and Improvements Fund
Estimates
Supplementary Estimates
Appropriation Ordinance
Actual expenditure during 1939
E. Authorities for Expenditure, 1938
Recurrent
Expenditure chargeable to New Loan
F.-Collection of Revenue
44-45
44a
446
44c
45
46
46a
46b
46c
3
47-59
Efficacy of Systems
47
Receipt Forms
Harbour Department-Miscellaneous fees
Use of adhesive stamps
Police Department-Cash Book
48
49
50
51
Post Office-Broadcast Receiving Licences
52
Legal Department-Filing fees on Estate Duty Certicates
Legal Department-Accounting for Bailiffs' fees, etc.
Arrears of Revenue
53
54
55-58
"Writes off" of Revenue
59
•
G.-Expenditure
60-70
Control over expenditure
60-61
Special Warrants....
62-63
Awards of Pensions and Gratuities, etc.
64
Military Contribution
65
Harbour Department-Coal and Oil fuel purchases
66-67
Public Works Department-Camp for Chinese interned
soldiers
·
68
Fruitless expenditure
69-70
H.-Loan Accounts
71-74
Public Debt
71
Sinking Fund. 4% Conversion Loan Hong Kong 34% Dollar Loan
72-73
74
1.-Statement of Assets and Liabilities
75-92
Excess of Assets over Liabilities
75
Assets
Cash
76-82
76
Verification of Cash Balances, etc.
77
CONTENTS,-continued.
Advances
Miscellaneous
Reserve Stocks of Essential Commodities
Revaluation of Investments
Liabilities
Deposits :-
Contractors' and Officers' deposits
Outstanding more than 5 years
Poor Box
Reconciliation with departmental accounts
Government House and City Development Fund
Special Funds
Waterworks Renewals and Improvement Fund
Paragraphs.
78-79
80-81
82
83-92
83-88
83
84
85-87
88
89-90
91
92
J.-Store Accounts
93-128
Losses and deficiencies of stores--authority for writing off.
93
Losses and depreciation of stores--writes off
94
Losses of stores due to theft
95
Manner in which stores accounts have been kept
96
९
Indenting for Unallocated Stores Shing Mun Stores-disposal of
Petrol Sales
Government Motor Vehicles
Standard Forms for storekeeping
Indenting for Stores. Issue Vouchers
Receipting of Issue Vouchers
97-98
99
100
101
102-103
104
105-106
Central Stores (Unallocated)
Maximum stock for
107-109
107
Stock Cards-use of
Closing of store for stocktaking
Tools and Plant-Public Works Department-Records for
108
109
110
Tools and Plant ledgers
111-112
Tools and Plant records-Kowloon-Canton Railway
113
Tools and Plant records-Harbour Department
114
Medical Department Equipment-Main Inventories for...
115-117
Medical Department-Main Store Accounts
118
Railway Department-Sales of Coal
119
Harbour Department-Yaumati Slipway Stores
120
Police Department-Manufacture of Uniforms for
121-123
Air Raid Precautions Department—Publications Annual Boards of Survey on Stores
124
125
CONTENTS,-continued.
Tools and Plant and Office equipment-Departmental
survey of
Reconciliation of Unallocated Store balances with
Accountant-General's accounts
Paragraphs.
126-127
128
K.-Kowloon-Canton Railway
129-135
Manager's Report
129
Manner in which accounts have been kept
130
Surprise Audit surveys
131
Profit on Operating Account
132
Traffic handled--local only
133
Suspense Account
Railway Unallocated Stores-Maximum stock of
134
135
L.-General
Trade Loans
136-158
136-139
Building and other Loans
140
Diocesan Boys School-Sinking Fund
141
Exchange Fund
142
Currency Accounts
143
China Companies Fees
144
Custodian of Enemy Property Accounts
145
Local Audit Inspections and Surprise Surveys
146-147
Government launches-Use of
148-149
Police Pay Sheets
150
Continuous Audits
151
Audit Report on 1938 Accounts
152
Colonial Development Fund
Alteration of Financial Year
153
154
Programme of Work
Outstanding questions
Date of Report
155-156
157
158
M.-Staff
159-160
Appendix A (2).
REPORT TO THE DIRECTOR OF COLONIAL AUDIT ON THE AUDIT OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HONG KONG
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
1
1. The accounts of the Colony of Hong Kong for the year ended 31st December, 1939, have been examined by the local Audit Department.
A. MANNER IN WHICH THE ACCOUNTS HAVE BEEN KEPT AND RENDERED.
2. Subject to the observations contained in this report the accounts were satisfactorily kept and rendered and were submitted promptly for Audit. The accounts of the Colony were closed on the 14th March, 1940.
3. The annual statements prepared by the Accountant-General were promptly rendered. The Draft Appropriation Account (detailed Statement of Expenditure) was submitted for Audit on the 11th June. 1940.
4. A considerable amount of Audit officers' time has been devoted to instruct- ing, and giving advice to, officers of other departments on accounting and storekeeping matters, more particularly in the case of newly established departments. The accounts and records of certain departments required much attention to put them on a satisfactory footing.
5. Misallocations and errors of classification.
Fifteen misallocations affecting sub-heads of revenue. and thirteen misallocations of expenditure were discovered by Audit. All misallocations were adjusted before the accounts were closed.
6. Queries.
Three hundred and fifty eight queries were raised on the 1939 accounts, of which 180 related to Expenditure and 178 to Revenue. This is an increase of 77 over the 1938 figures.
7. Six queries remain unsettled at the date, of this report. Details of these appear in Appendix "A" attached. There are no unsettled queries relating to the Appendix “A” accounts of the previous year.
8. Audit queries resulted in the recovery of $977.82 in respect of under- collection of revenue and overpayments of expenditure, and in addition recoveries totalling $3,338.51 were effected in consequence of Audit submissions.
9. Details of the more important recoveries are:
Audit Submission-Non collection of rent for Govern-
ment Quarters
Audit Submission-Overpayment of rent allowance Audit Submission-Tailoring Conversion Vouchers
Query No. 1/R - Undercollection of Foreign
Foreign Car
Registration fees
$ 726.04
48.00 2,554.67
126.30
Query No. 10/R
Undercharge Water fees
205.50
Query No. 12/R
Undercharge Water fees
29.50
Query No. 27/R
Undercharge Entertainment Tax
105.55
Query No. 111/R- Boat licences not billed for
45.00
م
Query No. 158/R- Undercollection Entertainment Tax Query No. 159/R- Undercollection Entertainment Tax
100.00
13.50
A (2) 2
10. Audit queries have usually been replied to promptly and in a satisfactory
manner.
11. Departures from Regulations.
The following unauthorized departures from the approved Regulations came to notice :-
Police Department-The sum of $7,000, received by the Commissioner of Police as a gift for a charitable purpose, was not deposited in the Treasury in accordance with Colonial Regulation No. 230, neither was a proper printed form of receipt issued to the donor as required by Colonial Regulation No. 227. Although there is no suggestion whatever that improper use was made of this money, the accounting procedure followed in this instance was irregular.
12. A cheque for the sum of $1,741.64 was issued by the Accountant-General to the Police Department towards the latter part of the year, for the payment of salaries of certain members of the Police force, and the expenditure was rellected in the Colony's accounts of that year. The existence of the cheque was overlooked by the Police Accountant and the payments were not actualy effected until January, 1940, thereby contravening Colonial Regulation No. 272.
13. Retirement Allowances of clothing to Indian Police Officers :—
The retention of certain articles of uniform by retiring Indian Police Officers was queried by Audit. It has for many years been customary to allow the more senior Indian Police Officers to retain, for their personal use after retirement, certain items of equipment, and this was described as a "Retirement Allowance." As this allowance did not appear to be authorized by Police Regulations. I expressed the opinion that covering approval of the Government should be obtained. The Com- missioner of Police thereupon agreed to obtain the sanction of Government in all future cases where it was desired to make such an allowance.
14. Withholding of payments.
(a) Two instances came to notice in which the Heads of Departments con- cerned withheld accounts due for payment until the following financial year, contrary to Colonial Regulation 272, on the ground that insufficient funds existed under the appropriate sub-heads of the current year to meet the expenditure. Details are as follows: Department
Amount
Nature of Exp.
Air Raid Precautions.
Cost of
179.90
Advertisement.
Magistracy
Kowloon.
65.37
Magistracy
Electric Light A/c. Incidentals.
Kowloon.
24.30
Magistracy
Kowloon.
7.88
Transport Expenses.
Head & Sub-head
of 1939 Exp. chargeable to. Head 6. Defence -C-A.R.P.
Item 9. Incidental Expenses.
Head 16. Sub-head 2.
Head 16. Sub-head 5.
Head 16.
Sub-head 6.
The departments were warned against repeating this irregularity. (b) A further disregard of Colonial Regulation No. 272 is under enquiry. The Police Department purchased furniture and electrical equipment amounting to $93.00 in September, 1939, without the approval of Government, the account not being rendered to the Treasury for payment until May of this year.
A (2) 3
B. SUFFICIENCY OF EXISTING CHECKS AGAINST FRAUD.
15. Subject to the comments made in this report the existing regulations and accounting instructions, if adhered to, would appear to afford adequate security against fraud.
16. Cash Balances, etc. Annual Survey of.
In accordance with Colonial Regulation No. 300, Boards of Survey appointed by Government at the close of the year examined the cash and stamps in the hands of the Accountant-General and at the more important Government Offices in the Colony. Cash Balances shown as having been deposited with local banks were checked with certified bank statements. The reports of these Boards were
satisfactory.
17. Internal Checks.
The check exercised in the Accountant-General's Office, with the exception of that on Entertainment Tax Returns, continued to be satisfactory, and vouchers included in the cash accounts usually bore signs of scrutiny and check.
18. The internal check in other departments appeared generally to be adequate but exceptions came to notice, some of which are indicated in this report. In all such instances appropriate action was taken to ensure more effective departmental supervision.
19. Cheque Registers.
In accordance with instructions contained in Colonial Audit Department Re- ference Sheet No. 221 of 24th May, 1939, Cheque Registers were introduced in all revenue collecting departments where such a record was not already in use. Detailed instructions regarding the keeping of these registers were issued by means of a Treasury Circular.
20. Securities furnished by Public Officers.
The Security Bonds lodged with the Accountant-General by public officers, in respect of the pecuniary responsibility attached to their offices, furnished in accord- ance with General Orders No. 70 and 364, and Colonial Regulation No. 301, were, as usual, inspected by Audit in collaboration with a legal officer.
21. In all cases where it was stated that cash had been deposited as security, the relative deposit was verified in the books of the Accountant-General.
22. A few instances were brought to notice in which it seemed that the holders of certain posts should be required to provide security, and suitable action was taken to obtain securities where further enquiries showed this to be necessary.
23. With regard to the provision of security by storekeeping officers, which question was raised by Audit and referred to in paragraph 22 of the 1938 Audit Report, this is now covered by General Order No. 70. (revised on 12.6.39). The amended order requires security to be furnished by officers who handle either cash
or stores.
24. Frauds.
One case only of frand came to notice during the year, and this did not result in any financial loss to Government. In this instance a Clerk, employed in the Fire Brigade Department, misappropriated sums amounting the $251.14. He was charged with embezzlement, sentenced to a term of imprisonment and dismissed the service.
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The money was voluntarily made good. The case indicated that there had been slackness in the matter of handling cash in that Department, and as a result, the system was overhauled and attention was again drawn to the necessity for officers to obtain receipts for all moneys handed over by one person to another.
25.
Losses of Cash and Stamps.
The following losses of cash and stamps, not attributable to fraud or negligence on the part of any Government Official, were reported during the year under review:
As the
(a) Harbour Department-A bag containing $16.70, being Junk Licence
fees collected, was lost overboard from a Police launch. amount had not been credited to revenue no charge to expenditure was necessary. The "write off" was sanctioned by the Financial Secretary.
(b) Post Office-$100.00 in cash and stamps was stolen from a Post Office kiosk, also a set of letter scales and a cash box. No trace of the culprit was discovered. The Financial Secretary approved of the "write off."
(e) Post Office-A sheet of Revenue Stamps of the ten cents domination was reported missing from a package kept at Post Office Head- quarters. As no satisfactory explanation of the apparent shortage was forthcoming the face value of the missing sheet. viz. $12.00. was written off with the approval of the Financial Secretary.
C. ANNUAL ABTRACT ACCOUNT.
26. Receipts.
1939
(1938)
The total revenue including Land Sales *etc. was
$41,478,052
($36,735,854)
compared with an estimated amount of
Thereby exceeding the Estimates
by
$35.257,621
$ 6,220,431
($30,254,920)
($ 6,480,934)
*This includes the balance of the Government House and City Development Fund ($839,704.12) and Diocesan Boys' School Sinking Fund (13,059.27) which were transferred to Revenue vide paragraphs 89 and 141 respectively of this report.
27. The main variations, as compared with the Estimates, occur under the following Heads :-
Head.
More than estimated
Less than estimated.
$
CP-
Duties
2,786,449
Port and Harbour Dues
61.641
Licences and Internal Revenue, etc.
1,496,835
Fees of Court
234,901
Post Office
193,758
Kowloon-Canton Railway
871,095
Rent of Government Property
210,106
Miscellaneous Receipts.
$53,806
Land Sales
1,389,818
*
་
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28. The revenue for the year 1939 exceeded that of the previous year by $4,742,198.
29. Payments.
1939
(1938)
The expenditure, including the Military Contribution, was .. while the Estimates provided for
$37,949,116
($37,175.898)
$37,757,223
($33,379,549)
Thereby exceeding the Esti- mates by
$ 191,893
($ 3,796,349)
30. Savings, as compared with the Estimates, occurred under 22 Heads, while the estimated provision was exceeded under 15 Heads, the more important of the latter being:-
Head
More than estimated
Charitable Services
A.-Volunteer Defence Corps
C.-Air Raid Precautions.
B.-Hong Kong Naval Volunteer Force
Stores Department .
725,278
312,111
148,711
508,291
383,972
31. Reasons for the variations between the actual and estimated figures of both revenue and expenditure are given in the detailed statements prepared by the Accountant-General (Enclosures 7 and 8 of this report refer).
32. The actual expenditure for 1939 exceeded that of the previous year by $773,218, but it should be noted that 1938 expenditure was swollen by the inclusion of the balances of the Building Loan and Unallocated Store Accounts, amounting to $1,203,614.
33.
D. AUTHORITIES FOR EXPENDITURE, 1939.
Details of the various authorities obtained to cover the expenditure for the vear 1939 are given below:-
Estimates. ($37,757,223).
(a) The expenditure of $29,327,294, representing the probable requirements of the Colony for the year 1939, but excluding $7,097,898 on account of Military Contribution, and the estimated charges on account of Public Debt ($1,332,031) was approved by the Legislature on the 10th November, 1938. (Hansard p. 175).
(b) The General Warrant was signed by the Governor on the 9th of
January, 1939.
(e) The Secretary of State's approval was conveyed to the Governor vide his telegram No. 2 of 6th January, 1939 confirmed by Colonial Office Despatch No. 23 of 17th January, 1939.
34. Appropriation Ordinance (No. 22 of 1938).
Legalised the expenditure of $29,327,294 on the Public Services of the Colony for the year 1939. This, as usual, excluded the estimated expenditure on account of Military Contribution and Public Debt charges. Details of the authorities obtained for this Ordinance are as follows:-
(a) Passed by Legislative Council-24th November, 1938 (Hansard p. 187). (b) Notice of Non-disallowance published as Government Notice No. 830
in Official Gazette dated 22nd September, 1939.
35.
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Schedules of additional provision.
(a) First Quarter:
($851,592)
(b) Second Quarter.
($3,506,845)
(c) Third Quarter.
($702,800)
(d) Fourth Quarter.
($977,953)
(e) Supplementary.
($544,817)
Financial Messages 1 and 2. Items 1-42. Approved by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 277 of 25th July, 1939.
Financial Messages 3-6. by the Secretary of State 2nd December, 1939.
Financial Messages 7-8.
Items 43-130. Approved vide despatch No. 466 of
Items 131-178. Approved
by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 498 of 22nd December, 1939.
Financial Messages 9-11. Items 179-296. Approved by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 155 of 29th April, 1940.
Financial Messages 1, 2 and 4.
Items 297-318.
Financial Messages 1 and 2. (Items 297-315) were forwarded to the Secretary of State under cover of Hong Kong Despatch No. 215 of 25th April, 1940. Financial Message 4. (Items 316-318) Reported to the Secretary of State in Hong Kong Despatch No. 283
of 10th June, 1940.
The Secretary of State's authority for Messages 1, 2 and 4 has not vet been obtained.
(NOTE :-Financial Message No. 3 did not include any item in respect of 1939
expenditure).
36. All items included in the Financial Messages referred to above were covered by Special Warrants, and have been sanctioned by the Legislature.
37. Supplementary Appropriation Ordinance.
(a) The net excesses on Heads of Expenditure for the year 1939, totalling $2,484,991.47, were included in a Bill which was read a first time at a meeting of the Legislature on the 25th of July, 1940.
38. Loan Expenditure-31% Dollar Loan 1934.
(Ordinance No. 11 of 1934).
The expenditure incurred during 1939 chargeable to this Loan amounted to $306,726.26 while $92,782.72 was credited to the Loan on account of sales of stores and reimbursements, bringing the total net expenditure to $25,000,000, which is the full amount authorized by the Ordinance.
39. The authorities for the expenditure charged to this Loan during 1939 are as follows:-
(1) Estimates (Item 8(a) Central Market $50,000)
(a) Approved by the Legislature on the 10th November, 1938. (Hansard
1938 p. 176).
(b) Sanctioned by the Secretary of State, vide his telegram No. 2 of 6th January, 1939, confirmed by Colonial Office despatch No. 23 of 17th January, 1939.
(2) Revised Estimates. (Item 8(a) Central Market $279,983.47)
(a) Resolution of Legislature on 22nd June, 1939. (Hansard 1939 p. 57). (b) Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide his despatch No. 501 of 29th
December, 1939.
✔
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40. Revision of Loan Schedule.
The schedule to the Loan Ordinance was revised once during the year, on the 22nd June, 1939, the authorities for the revision being the same as those given in 2(a) and (b) above.
41, Expenditure on additional works to be charged to a proposed new loan. Resolutions approving the expenditure, during the year 1939, of money, to be obtained by means of advances from the Colony's surplus funds pending the raising of a new loan, were passed by the Legislature on the following occasions:
(a) Estimates.
($1,630,927.18).
Approved by Legislature on 10th November, 1938 (1938 Hansard p. 177) Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide his telegram No. 2 of 6th January, 1939, confirmed by Colonial Office Despatch No. 23 of 17th January, 1939.
(b) First Revision of Estimates. ($1,731,976,30).
Approved by the Legislature on 22nd June, 1939. (1939 Hansard p. 65). Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide despatch 501 of 29th December, 1939.
(c) Second Revision of Estimates. ($1,733,576.30).
Approved by the Legislature on 16th November, 1939. (1939 Hansard p. 231) Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 60 of 6th February, 1940.
42. The actual expenditure incurred on these works during 1939 was $1,228,929.24.
43. Revision of total estimated cost of works chargeable to New Loan.
The following revisions of the total estimated cost of the various items to be charged to a new loan were made during the year :-
(a) First Revision. ($4,312,500).
Approved by the Legislature on 22nd June, 1939. (1939 Hansard p. 65).
Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide his despatch No. 501 of 29th December, 1939.
(b) Second Revision.
($4,436,500).
Approved by the Legislature on 16th November, 1939. (1939 Hansard p. 231).
Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 60 of 6th February, 1940.
41. Waterworks Renewals and Improvements Fund.
The following are the authorities for expenditure charged to the Waterworks Renewals Fund during 1939:-
(a) Estimates. ($190,000).
Approved by Legislature on 10th November, 1938. (1938 Hansard p. 178).
Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide telegram No. 2 of 6th January, 1939, confirmed by despatch No. 23 of 17th January, 1939. (b) Supplementary Estimates. ($5,000-Pokfulam District Supply).
Approved by Legislature on 16th November, 1939. (1939 Hansard
p. 232).
Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide telegram No. 26 of 23rd January, 1940, despatch No. 60 of 6th February, 1940.
45.
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(c) Appropriation Ordinance in respect of expenditure from Waterworks
Renewals and Improvements Fund.
According to advice received from the Colonial Office the formal statutory authority of an Appropriation Ordinance is required for expenditure from funds of this nature. The total net expenditure for the year from this fund, viz. $80,331.25, was included in a Bill which was read a first time at a meeting of the Legislature on the 25th of July, 1940, referred to in paragraph 37 of this report..
A statement of expenditure from the Waterworks Renewals and Improve- ments Fund is attached as Enclosure 14.
E. AUTHORITIES FOR EXPENDITURE, 1938. -
46. The following authorities for expenditure incurred during the previous financial year, which were outstanding at the date of the 1938 Audit Annual Report, have since been obtained :—
(a) Recurrent Expenditure.
Paragraph 41 (e). Schedule of additional provision.
Supplementary ($1,261,126).
Approved by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 184 of 25th May, 1939.
Paragraph 42 (b). Supplementary Appropriation Ordinance (No. 15
of 1939).
Notice of non-disallowance was published by means of Government Notice No. 581 in Official Gazette dated 21st July, 1939.
(b) Loan Expenditure-31% Dollar Loan 1934.
Paragraph 45 (b). Second Revision of Schedule.
Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 239 of 6th July, 1939.
(c) Expenditure on works chargeable to New Loan.
Paragraph 50.
Schedule.
Excesses of expenditure on items (d), (f) and (h) in
Approved by Legislature on 22nd June, 1939.
Sanctioned by the Secretary of State vide despatch No. 501 of 29th December, 1939.
F. COLLECTION OF REVENUE.
47. Subject to any observations made in this report, the systems employed for the collection of revenue proved satisfactory and moneys becoming due to Govern- ment were promptly and efficiently collected. The Accountant-General assumed responsibility for the collection of Market Rents Revenue Head 7 as from the commencement of the year. These were formerly collected by the Sanitary Depart-
ment.
48. Receipt Forms.
Reference was made in paragraphs 25 and 26 of the 1938 Audit Report to the excessive number of different types of receipt forms in use in the Colony. A careful investigation into the question of the use of non-statutory forms resulted in a decision to discard over one hundred different types and to introduce a standard form of Miscellaneous Receipt. Existing stocks of the condemned forms will however con- tinue to be used until exhausted. As each department possessed its own specially printed forms and further special types of receipts were sometimes used for each section of a department-e.g. In the Education Department each school used its
A (2) 9
own receipt forms-it will be seen that the introduction of a standard Miscellaneous Receipt Form will result in considerable economy in printing and of stationery, and also in the keeping of receipt book records.
49.
Harbour Department
Miscellaneous Fees.
The authority of the Harbour Master to determine the amount of fee payable for services not covered by the Regulations (Table C), made under the Merchant Shipping Ordinance No. 10 of 1899, was questioned by Audit. The matter was referred to the Law Officer for the Crown who upheld the Audit contention and advised that the Regulations should be amended so as to permit the Harbour Master to prescribe a fee to correspond, where possible, with that appearing in the Board of Trade List in cases where no fee appropriate to the circumstances is already provided for under the existing regulations. This was done by means of Government Notice No. 712 in Official Gazette of 1st September, 1939.
50.
Use of adhesive stamps in the collection of revenue.
(a) Police Department-Motor drivers' licence fees. In order to dispense with the considerable amount of clerical work involved in the making out of receipts for motor drivers' licence fees collected, it had for some time been customary to affix Revenue stamps on the licence forms of the payers, and to cancel these stamps effectively. During the year under review it was decided to employ Postage in lieu of Revenue stamps for this purpose. Audit expressed the view that the change was unnecessary and a retrograde step, since Postage stamps have a greater field of use than Revenue stamps, and if improperly cancelled they could be more easily utilized for improper purposes than the latter. The general question of the use of both Postage and Revenue stamps for the collection of revenue was discussed at a meeting of Government Officers con- cerned, and it was agreed that the use of Postage stamps should be reduced to a minimum, at the same time it was felt unnecessary to disturb, for the present, the very longstanding practice by which stamps were used in connection with certain land documents, but it was decided that if possible the use of stamps to denote the payment of fees for motor driving licences should be discontinued. Two alternatives were suggested:--The use of (a) specially printed fixed fee receipts, or (b) a special machine of the type used for franking certain postal matters. It was finally decided, after tests had been made, that the system of franking would be likely to prove the more satisfactory method, but that the matter would be held in abeyance.
(b) Medical Department--Inoculation Fees. To meet an emergency it was decided to utilize adhesive stamps for the collection of fees charged for inoculation certificates. On the matter coming to the notice of Audit this arrangement was immediately challenged. It appears that from the 29th June to 6th July, 1939, both Postage and Revenue stamps were utilized for this purpose. At first the stamps affixed to certificates were cancelled by initialling only, and not by perforation as required by the Secretary of State's instructions, further no arrangements had been made to allocate correctly the revenue (estimated at some $8,000) obtained from this source during that period-Revenue Head 3, Licences, Stamp Duties, and Head 5, Post Office-Postage receiving the credit, whereas Head 4, Fees of Court, "Official Certificates" should have been credited with all moneys collected. As a result of Audit representations these arrangements were promptly cancelled and special fixed fee certificates were printed and were issued by the Accountant-General. It then became possible to credit the appropriate Sub-head of revenue with the sums received for certificates sold.
51.
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Police Department Cash Book.
As the type of Cash Book and Abstract used by the Police Department was con- sidered to be cumbersome and unsatisfactory, Audit proposed the introduction of, and drew up a specimen form for, a record which would fulfil the dual rôle of Cash Book and Revenue Abstract. The new form of record was introduced and after having been several months in use proved to be entirely satisfactory, and resulted in a considerable saving of labour.
52. Post Office-Broadcast Receiving licences.
The authority of the Postmaster General to grant "Letters of Exemption" under the Telecommunication Ordinance of 1936, in respect of fees payable for Wireless Receiving licences, was questioned by Audit and an enquiry was made as to whether, according to information available, every person operating a wireless receiving station had paid the prescribed fee, unless specially exempted under proper authority. The former point was referred to the Crown Solicitor who expressed the opinion that action should be taken under Section 5 of the Crown Fees Ordinance 1871 in all cases where it was considered necessary to remit these fees. This was done and the Governor in Council approved of the fees being remitted in twenty-one instances. In regard to the second query the Postmaster General replied that as far as he was aware all other stations in operation in the Colony were licensed.
53. Legal Department-Payment of filing fees on certificates issued by Estate
Duty Commissioner.
It was brought to notice by Audit that certificates issued by the Estate Duty Com- missioner and filed for Probate were not being stamped as required by Law. Steps are now being taken to collect the required filing fee of one dollar in respect of each certificate filed. It is estimated that revenue will thereby benefit to the extent of approximately $400 annually.
54. Legal Department-Method of Accounting for Bailiffs' fees and expenses.
The practice of crediting the Suspense Account "Suitors' Fund" with fees collected by Bailiffs on account of Distraint cases and of paying their expenses from that account was questioned. While the fees collected were held by the Registrar of the Supreme Court to have been legally imposed under Section 6(2) of Ordinance No. 1 of 1883 it was agreed that the correct procedure would be to credit revenue with the fees collected and to charge the Bailiffs' expenses to an appropriate expendi- ture sub-head, which procedure is to be followed as from 1st January, 1940. It was further arranged to reimburse Bailiffs either by means of a fixed conveyance allowance, or by refunding actual expenses incurred, whichever method was likely to prove more satisfactory in practice.
55. Arrears of Revenue.
According to the returns rendered by departments the total arrears of revenue, as at the 31st of December, 1939, amounted to $293,473.13. Of these arrears. $200,382.76 was collected by the 31st March, 1940, leaving a balance of $93,090.37 of which $577.20 was written off as irrecoverable, and $2,187.85 cancelled.
56. Included in the balance outstanding is an amount of $80.408.69 being Royalty stated to be due by a Ferry Company, which is in dispute.
57.
As compared with those of the previous year the figures are :—
Outstanding at
Collected by
Outstanding at
31.12.38 $242,871.58
31. 3.39 $200,138.93
31. 3.39 $ 42,732.65
31.12.39 $293,473.13
31. 3.40 $200,382.76
31. 3.40
$ 93,090.37.
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58.
A detailed statement, showing the arrears of each class of revenue as at the 31st December, 1939 and on the 31st March, 1940 respectively, appears as appendix B to this Report.
59. "Writes off" of Revenue.
According to information supplied to the Audit Department the following revenue, considered irrecoverable, was written off under authority during the year under review.
Nature of Revenue
Amount
Authority for
Appendix "B”
"Write "off"
Pier Rent
650.00
Colonial Secretary
Crown Rents
110.77
Financial Secretary
Ambulance Fees
50.00
Financial Secretary
Hospital Fees
634.00
Financial Secretary
Hospital Fees (Consultants
Fees)
25.00
Financial Secretary
Vaccination Fees
1,297.60
Colonial Secretary
Court Fines
232.00
Financial Secretary
Water Rates
27.50
Financial Secretary
Kowloon - Canton Railway
Miscellaneous Re-
venue
190.52
Financial Secretary
Fees of Court-Possession
Fees
3.75
Financial Secretary
Fees of Court Police
Services
39.00
Financial Secretary
Fees of Court Sundav
Cargo Working Per-
mits
37.50
Financial Secretary
3,297.64
G. EXPENDITURE.
60.
Control over Expenditure.
With the possible exception of certain expenditure charged to Head 31, Public Works Extraordinary, Item 47-Air Raid Precautions (for Constructional Work), the control over expenditure may be considered as having been generally satisfactory. According to the information contained in the vouchers every charge against an expenditure head has, as far as it has been possible to ascertain, been applied to the purpose or purposes for which the head was intended to provide, and has also been charged to the most appropriate sub-head of expenditure.
61. Expenditure appears to have been adequately vouched for.
62. Special Warrants.
The number of Special Warrants issued in respect of the year 1939 was 434, as compared with 385 for the previous year. The outbreak of the European War was partly responsible for the increase, although no fewer than 230 Special Warrants were issued during the first six months of the financial year.
63. A large percentage of the Special Warrants issued related to additions to the rates of personal emoluments and to variations in the number of posts shown in the Estimates, which affected Personal Emoluments Sub-heads only, and did not necessitate the obtaining of additional funds.
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64. Awards of Pensions and Gratuities, etc.
The calculations of awards of Civil and Police Pensions, Gratuities, and allowances, made under the laws of the Colony, and also Pensions payable under the Widows' and Orphans' Pensions Ordinance (No. 15 of 1908) were verified by Audit.
65. Military Contribution.
The amount payable as Military Contribution by the Government of Hong Kong has, for an experimental period of five years, been fixed by Ordinance No. 8 of 1939 -Defence Contribution Ordinance 1939 at $6,000,000 per annum, the enactment to take effect as from the 1st of January, 1939. The Defence Contribution Ordinance 1901, (Ordinance No. 1 of 1901) and the Defence Contribution Amendment Ordinance (No. 43 of 1935) have been repealed. The total sum charged against Head 6D Military Contribution in the 1939 accounts is $6,051,926.07 the excess over the $6,000,000 being, as stated in paragraph 81 of the 1938 Audit Report, the unpaid balance in respect of the contribution for that year.
66.
Harbour Department-Coal and Oil Fuel purchases.
The amount charged against Head 11, Sub-head 2-"Coal and Oil Fuel for launches" viz. $211,259.67 does not represent the total cost of this service for the year under review. The cost of fuel supplied to the Harbour Department for the period October to December, 1939, viz. $40,780 is being charged to the 1940 accounts under Harbour Department-Special Expenditure. A further sum of $2,000, being the value of the coal supplied to Government Offices during the same period, chargeable to 1939 expenditure Head 11, Harbour Department, Sub-head 3, was debited to the accounts of the following year. The non-inclusion of the above expenditure in the 1939 accounts was due to failure on the part of the Contractor to render his claims for payment, at Contract rates, before the accounts of that year were closed, although repeated requests had been made to obtain them.
67. As a result, the amount unpaid for coal supplied during the last quarter of 1939, was $123,185.28.
68. Head 31-Public Works Extraordinary-Buildings for camp for Chinese
interned soldiers $118,205.40.
The expenditure under this item was partly offset by a donation of H.K.$ 86,956.52 ($200,000 Chinese National Currency) by the Chinese National Relief Commission, and this sum was credited to Revenue Head 9 Miscellaneous Services.
69. Fruitless Expenditure.
An oversight on the part of a Government Official, or Officials, who erroneously allowed certain stores to be disposed of which formed part of the equipment of a Government tug, resulted in a loss to Government of $859.50. The tug was sold to a private firm on the understanding that the purchase price included all spare parts and equipment. The firm purchased the stores from the original buyer and Govern- ment was obliged to refund the amount paid less certain expenses. In compliance with Colonial Regulation No. 345 the matter was referred to the Secretary of State who approved of the loss being met from Public funds.
70. An error made in indenting for surgical instruments resulted in Government having to made good a loss of £4-10/-. As the officer responsible for the mistake had left the Colony no action was taken against him.
+
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H. LOAN ACCOUNTS,
71. Public Debt.
The Public Debt of the Colony, as at the 31st December, 1939, amounted to $16,038,000.
72. Sinking Fund. 4% Conversion Loan.
The 4% Conversion Bonds, issued under Ordinance No. 15 of 1933, amounted to $4,838,000 while the market value of the investments of the accumulated Sink- ing Fund at the end of the year 1939 was £75,567-2-7.
73. The Sinking Fund account maintained locally has been checked with the statements rendered by the Crown Agents.
74. Hong Kong 3% Dollar Loan.
The amount outstanding on account of the Hong Kong 34% Dollar Loan, raised under Ordinance No. 11 of 1934, was reduced during the year from $11,760,000 to $11,200,000, Bonds to the value of $560,000 having been redeemed in accordance with Section 5 of the Ordinance. The cancelled bonds and interest coupons which had been redeemed were checked by the Audit Department, while the interest paid to Bond-holders was supported by the surrendered coupons which were submitted for Audit.
I. STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES.
75. The excess of Assets over Liabilities at the 31st of
December, 1938, was
While that at the end of 1939 was
Showing an increase of
$13,562,234.97 $17,091,170.73
$ 3,528,935.76
ASSETS.
76.
Cash-Current Account No. 1-$1,137,216.16.
The composition of the above is as follows:-
Bank
Cash Balances:
$1,095,115.37
38,171.70 3,317.70 586.50
Accountant-General's Office.
Kowloon-Canton Railway
Medical Department Registrar, Supreme Court
Total
77. Verification of Cash Balances, etc.
24.89
$1,137,216.16
(a) Bank Certificates have been produced in support of the balances of the various Bank accounts, and with the exception of the last three items shown above, the existence of the cash balances on the 31st December, 1939, was verified by Boards of Survey whose certi- ficates were seen. With regard to the three exceptions, cash certificates, signed by the Heads of Departments concerned, were submitted for inspection. In addition the Cash Balance of the Kowloon-Canton Railway which included the balance shown above, plus the cash takings of the 31st December, 1939 and those of the 1st January, 1940, was surveyed by a Board on the 2nd of January, 1940.
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Ad
(b) The existence of the Cash Balances, Sinking Fund and other Invest- ments held by the Crown Agents has been agreed with the certified statements rendered by the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
(c) Fixed Deposits.
The receipts obtained from local Banks for sums appearing under this
head have been seen by Audit.
78.
Advances Miscellaneous
($78,218.02).
The balance under this head, at the end of the previous year, was $53,443.81, the 1939 figures therefore show an increase of $23,774.21, of which $10,180.95 is on account of work being undertaken for another Colonial administration. The remainder are of a routine nature which do not require to be commented on.
79. No advances have been outstanding for an unduly long period. A detailed statement of advances is attached as Enclosure No. 9.
80.
Reserve Stocks of Essential Commodities.
($1,571,097.05).
This represents the cost price of rice stocks purchased to meet possible, emergencies. At the request of Audit, Government appointed a Board of Officers to survey these stocks, but the members reported that it was impracticable to do so. They did however examine the Warrant Book of the Godown Company in whose warehouses the rice was stored, and found the balances shown therein to agree with the stock book maintained by the Government Food Controller. On pursuing the matter further the Auditor was advised that the Company could be held pecuniarily responsible for the correctness of the stocks as shown in their Warrant Book. In these circumstances a certificate of the Company testifying the correctness of the rice held by them on Government account was obtained and accepted.
81.
In order to preserve secrecy the prior approval of the Legislature for the funds necessary to purchase these stocks was not sought, the transactions being financed by means of bank advances. The matter was nevertheless brought to the notice of the Legislature at a meeting of the Council held-on the 12th October, 1939. It was further regularized by Ordinance No. 38 of 1939, which provided for the main- tenance of reserve stocks of commodities essential for the vital needs of the community during war or other public emergency and matters incidental thereto.
82.
Revaluation of Investments.
In accordance with Colonial Regulation 275 Investments were revalued on the basis of the current middle market price at the end of the year, with the following results :-
Investments held on
account of
Special Funds :-
Net Amount of Depreciation.
How disposed of
District Watchmen
Nil
Chinese Public
Dispensaries Fund
Nil
Education Scholarship
Fund
-$750
Charged to Fund.
督
Nickel Coinage Account.
-£838-17-6
Coinage
Sinking Fund.
Met from Nickel
Security Fund.
(Hong Kong 4%
Conversion Loan)
-£1072-7-0
Sinking Fund.
•
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LIABILITIES.
83. Deposits.
Contractors' and Officers' Deposits.
Miscellaneous.
($588,810.00) ($1,466,962.07).
A statement, prepared by the Accountant-General, which supplies details of the above, is submitted as Enclosure No. 10.
84. With the exception of certain deposits totalling $434.91, which are under query, it has been verified that no deposit has been outstanding for more than five
years.
85. Deposits-Poor Box.
Included in the above statement is an item entitled "Poor Box", the balance of which at the end of the year being $6,084.67. The origin of this account is obscure, but it is certain that it has existed for over thirty years. It has been customary to pay into the account the proceeds of seizures and forfeitures arising out of Police raids on gambling establishments. Payments from the Poor Box are made at the discretion of the Magistrates, apparently for the relief of distress, for the giving of small rewards, and latterly for granting financial assistance to needy persons who are willing to be repatriated.
86. A suggestion by the Accountant-General to transfer $5,000 at the end of the year from the Poor Box account to the Revenue Head "Forfeitures", on the ground that the balance of the account seemed to be in excess of requirements, was opposed by the Magistrates.
87. On the matter being referred to Audit it was pointed out that from a Colonial accounting standpoint the procedure followed was irregular and contravened Colonial Regulation No. 232, further it did not permit the Legislature to have any control over the expenditure of moneys obtained from the source mentioned. In this connection it is worthy of note that the amount credited to the Poor Box during the year was $4,462.98, while payments from it in the same period totalled $2,255.65. It is now understood that the "Poor Box" deposit account will be closed at the end of the present financial year, and that any unexpended balance will be transferred to Revenue. Provision will be made in the Estimates of the following year for a sum sufficient to meet the possible requirements of the Magistrates for expenses which had hitherto been met from the Poor Box.
88. Deposits
balances,
Reconciliation of Departmental with Accountant-General's
Where necessary detailed statements of deposits were called for from the depart- ments concerned, and the totals shown in these lists were reconciled with the balances appearing in the books of the Accountant-General. The particulars in these state- ments were also checked by Audit at the time of the local inspections of the depart-
ments.
89. Government House and City Development Fund (Nil).
During the year Ordinance No. 30 of 1934 (Government House and City Deve- lopment Scheme Ordinance, 1934) was repealed by Ordinance No. 4 of 1939 (Govern- ment House and City Development Fund Winding Up Ordinance, 1939), and section 3 of the latter provided for the transfer to the general revenue of the Colony any balance standing to the credit of the Fund. The balance amounting to $839,704.12, was therefore credited to revenue under the Head "Land Sales.'
90. Notice of non-disallowance of Ordinance No. 4 of 1939 was published vide Government Notice No. 401 in the Official Gazette dated the 19th May, 1939.
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91. Special Funds.
Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund.
District Watchmen's Fund.
Education Scholarship Fund.
($ 33,160.07) ($114,851.31)
($ 86,220.41)
The above items have not previously been shown in the Colony's Balance Sheet. The Education Department Scholarship Fund was referred to in paragraph 111 of the 1938 Audit Annual Report.
92. Waterworks Renewals and Improvement Fund. ($333,675.75).
A proposal to form a Waterworks Renewals and Improvement Fund was referred to the Secretary of State in Hong Kong despatches Nos. 779 and 329 of the 20th October, 1938, and the 10th May, 1939 respectively, and an initial contribution of $399,907 from 1939 Revenue was credited to the Fund during the year. This amount was 2% of the capital expenditure on Waterworks up to the 31st December, 1938. A sum of $14,100 being the proceeds of sale of plant, etc. was also credited to the Fund in accordance with the Secretary of State's decision conveyed in Colonial Office despatch No. 299 of the 3rd July, 1939.
93.
J. STORE ACCOUNTS.
Losses and deficiences of stores-Authority for writing off.
The Secretary of State in his despatch No. 1 of 1st January, 1940, approved of the Governor's authority to write off stores, vested in him under Colonial Regulation No. 345, being delegated to the Financial Secretary provided the amount involved does not exceed $200.00, except in cases where losses or deficiencies are caused by theft and negligence and it is desired to relieve the responsible officer of any part of his pecuniary liability.
94. Losses and depreciation of stores.
The following losses of stores were written off under the authority of the Financial Secretary :--
Unallocated.
(a) Stores Department-A quantity of sunprint paper costing $10.32. Charged to Expenditure Head 29 Item 6 "Losses and depreciation of stores.'
(b) Stores Department-Various items of stock costing $116.82 were damaged as a result of a typhoon. Head 29 Item 6 "Losses and depreciation of stores" being debited.
(c) Stores Department-Stores of a book value of $123.08 which had become unserviceable through age and other causes were charged to Expenditure Head 29 Item 6.
(d) Kowloon-Canton Railway-Glassware costing $20.60 was broken as a result of a storm and charged to Railway Expenditure Sub-head 17-E1-7-3 "Stores Depreciation".
Allocated.
(e) Medical Department Deficiencies in equipment issued for an anti-
epidemic campaign amounting to $363.35.
(f) Medical Department Thirty seven pounds of Ether costing £8-0-2. The loss was due to the rusting of containers and consequent evaporation.
(g) Medical Department-Five text books costing, when new, £2-10-0
missing from a hospital library.
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(h) Stores Department-An apparent deficiency of 4313 cubic yards of sand of a book value of $3,019.23. The shortage was regarded as being caused by normal shrinkage, working of dumps and by climatic conditions. The loss represents a wastage of slightly more than 1% on the amount handled during the year. This "write off" received the Governor's approval.
(i) Police Department-A revolver lost overboard from a Police launch.
95. Losses of stores due to theft.
The following losses of Allocated Stores occasioned by theft came to notice during the year and were written off under authority
(a) Stores Department-A bicycle costing $52.00 was stolen.
(b) Waterworks Department-Eight Water Meters costing $320.00 were
stolen from Government premises.
(c) Harbour Department Air Services
Two mooring ropes valued at
$120.00 were stolen from the Airport.
(d) Harbour Department-Two mooring ropes valued at $17.49 were stolen. As the loss was considered to be partly attributable to the negligence of a night watchman a fine was imposed on him. (e) Harbour Department-A bronze fog bell weighing about 800 lbs. was
stolen from a buoy.
The cost of its replacement which is estimated at $14,000 is to be met from 1940/41 Harbour Department Special Expenditure (vide Financial Message No. 1 Item 7 of 1940). The theft was reported to the Secretary of State who approved of the above expenditure. (f) Education Department-Eighteen gas jets, 1 clock, and a quantity of books, of an estimated total value of $180.00 belonging to a Gov- ernment School were stolen.
(g) Education Department—A table fan valued at $25.00 was stolen from another Government School. As it was considered that there had been a certain amount of negligence on the part of the officer responsible for its safe custody, he was surcharged a proportion of its value.
(h) Medical Department Equipment valued at about $13.00 was missing
from an Out-patient Section.
(i) Medical Department-One oil drum loaned to Government by a private firm and which was used in connection with anti-malarial operations was stolen. The Financial Secretary approved of it being written off and the cost viz. $25.00 was charged to Expenditure Head 17, Medical Department Sub-head 46 Anti-Malarial Field Work.
(1) Public Works Department-A sampan valued at $40.00 was stolen and
written off.
(k) Public Works Department-A lawn mower of an estimated value of $75.00 belonging to Government was stolen from an official's re- sidence.
(1) Public Works Department-A numbering machine costing $15.00 was
stolen from this department.
(m) Public Works Department-Furniture issued for the use of Cadets study- ing in Canton could not be traced and was "written off". Its loss may be considered as being attributable to military operations in South China.
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(n) Judiciary-A typewriter of a replacement cost of $315.00, in use at a local Magistracy, was stolen, while 2 portable electric heaters were damaged by the thief.
No information as to the persons responsible for the thefts reported under ((a) to (n)) could be obtained.
96.
(0) Harbour Department A departmental check revealed that approximate- ly three tons of coal valued at $58.20 forming part of an issue to a Government launch could not be satisfactorily accounted for, but had apparently been disposed of unlawfully. The crew of the launch concerned were dismissed from the service, for this and another irregularity connected with the same incident. The matter was reported to the Secretary of State who approved of the shortage being written off.
(p) Harbour Department-413 yards of Canvas valued at $292.54 forming part of the Yaumati store stocks was found to be deficient after a departmental survey. Certain subordinate Government employees, who gave no satisfactory explanation of the loss and who were considered as being responsible for it, were dismissed. The Secre- tary of State to whom the matter was referred approved of the
'write off".
(g) Public Works Department-Two uniforms were stolen and pawned by a Government messenger who was sentenced to a term of imprison- ment and dismissed the service. The cost of redemption of the articles viz. $5.78 was charged to expenditure with the approval of the Secretary of State.
Manner in which store accounts have been kept.
As usual stores accounts were accurately kept and gave rise to no adverse com- ments on this account. Some progress was made during the year to standardize the stores accounting in the Colony, while certain of the antiquated and cumbersome systems, referred to in paragraphs 114 and 115 of the 1938 Audit Report, have been overhauled and replaced by more satisfactory ones. As a result of Audit representa- tions, proper tools and plant records were either introduced or the initial steps were taken to do so.
97. Standard Forms for Storekeeping.
After a good deal of correspondence had passed between departments and effort on the part of the Audit Department, the following uniform types of stores forms were approved by Government :-
For Unallocated Stores.
(a) Requisition Forms-printed in duplicate and bearing printed consecutive
numbers.
(b) Issue Notes-printed in quadruplicate and bearing printed consecutive
numbers.
For Allocated Stores.
(a) Stores Ledger.
(b) Issue Notes-printed in triplicate and bearing printed consecutive num-
bers.
Log Books for Motor Vehicles.
Log Books for Government Launches.
Conversion Vouchers.
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98. For reasons of economy existing stocks of stores ledgers and forms will however continue to be employed until exhausted, when the new standard forms will be brought into use.
99.
Indenting for Stores. Issue Vouchers.
It had hitherto been the practice for departments requiring stores to prepare their requisitions on Unallocated Stocks on what was termed a "Store Issue Voucher" This was made out in triplicate, the original and duplicate copies being sent to the Stores Department for that department to comply with as far as stocks and circum- stances allowed. In cases where there were any variations between the stores supplied and those indented for, which cases were not infrequent, these copies of the vouchers would be suitably amended by the issuing department. It appears that receipts for the stores were usually obtained from the persons sent to collect them, and that the receiving department obtained for retention no reliable independently prepared docu- ment showing exactly the quantities etc. of stores supplied as distinct from those ordered. The only vouchers available for audit on the occasion of the local Audit inspections of stores accounts were the office copies of requisitions. ("Stores Issue Vouchers'). For obvious reasons such papers were useless for audit purposes. Under the new arrangement departments requiring stores will use a specially printed form of requisition, while the issuing store will prepare an issue voucher in which will be inserted details of all stores actually supplied. A copy of every issue voucher pre- pared will now be available for retention by the person or office to whom stores have been supplied. These issue vouchers will bear the signature of the issuing officer and can therefore properly be utilized by the receiving storekeeper to support the receipt entries in his stores ledger, and also by Audit Officers when conducting examinations of departmental store accounts.
100. Receipting of Issue Vouchers.
It came to the notice of Audit that frequently the only acquittances obtained for goods supplied by the Stores Department were those of the persons sent to take delivery, who were sometimes office messengers or coolies, and that no receipts were being obtained from the receiving storekeepers or the persons who were entitled to receive, use, or have the custody of the stores. It was pointed out by Audit that such an unsatisfactory state of affairs could not be allowed to continue, since no evidence was available that the stores supplied had been properly checked with the relative store issue vouchers by the officer finally responsible for them, and further that the receipt given on an issue voucher for stores supplied from Unallocated Stocks was intended not only to provide evidence of receipt of the stores enumerated thereon but also involved the acceptance of a charge against a sub-head of expenditure. Arrange- ments have been made that all such vouchers shall in future be signed by the store- keeper of the receiving department, or some other responsible officer entitled to receive them, who would usually be the person who signed the requisition. It has been made clear that Audit will not regard the signature, on a stores issue voucher, of a messenger, or other intermediary, as providing sufficient evidence that the stores supplied have been received and are correct and that they have been properly accounted for by the final recipient. In order to facilitate the identification of signatures the new standard form of Issue Note now provides for the insertion of the "official designation" of the person signing the receipt.
101. Indenting for Unallocated Stores.
Objections raised by the Public Works Department to the introduction of accounting changes at the Central Government Store, which inter alia made provision for the signing of Issue Vouchers by responsible officers, made it clear to Audit that there had been insufficient control over the indenting for stores, and it was desirable. that some restriction should be made as regards the persons authorized to sign requisitions and thereby to incur expenditure on behalf of that department. This matter was taken up, and a Government Circular was issued calling upon Heads of Departments to furnish lists of all officers in their departments who would be authorized to sign stores requisitions. The Circular was complied with, and in future
A (2) 20
the Controller of Stores will not deal with a requisition which is not signed by an officer specially authorized to do so. It is worthy of note that the Director of Public Works is stated to have delegated eighty-four officers of his department to sign store requisitions.
102. Shing Mun Stores-disposal of.
With reference to paragraphs 116 and 117 of the 1938 Audit Report, it has now been reported that all the plant and tools formerly purchased for use in connection with the Shing Mun Valley Water Scheme have been entirely disposed of. The proceeds of the sales effected during the year have been credited as follows:-
(a) 31% Dollar Loan
(b) General Revenue
Head 2 Shing Mun Valley Water Scheme. (b) Gorge Dam
$61,752.82.
Head 4D. Sales, Sub-head Shing Mun Construction Surplus Plant". $30.977.10.
103. Statements showing the items disposed of, and the prices realized, have been supplied to Audit; but as in a number of instances plant and stores have been disposed of in bulk a complete reconciliation was not feasible.
104.
Petrol Sales.
With regard to paragraph 118 of the previous Audit Report concerning petrol sales; on the instructions of the Governor, the sale of petrol from Government filling-stations for use in privately owned vehicles was discontinued at the end of the
year.
105. Government Motor Vehicles.
With reference to paragraph 119 of the 1938 Audit Report, which referred to the use of and the records maintained in respect of Government owned motor vehicles, a circular was issued by Government warning officers that a stricter view would be taken in future of the circumstances in which the use of this means of transport would be regarded as justifiable, particularly in the case of officers in receipt of conveyance allowances. It also stated that officers would be called upon to pay for any improper use of Government vehicles.
106. In order to facilitate departmental control and to assist Audit in main- taining a more effective check on the use of Government vehicles' and on fuel issues, improved forms of log books and motor car dockets, prepared by Audit, were approved by Government and are being brought into use by all departments main- taining motor vehicles. The former were designed so as to be suitable for general use and will replace the various types of log books which are now used by depart-
ments.
107. Central Stores (Unallocated). Maximum stock for.
The Secretary of State in his despatch No. 453 of 30th November, 1939, approved of the standard stock of stores held by the Stores Department being raised to $1,000,000, on the understanding that the position would be reviewed from time to time, and that if this maximum should prove to be in excess of the Colony's requirements the fact should be reported to him.
108. Stock Cards-use of.
The use of Stock Cards by the Stores Department which was criticized in paragraph 129 of the previous Audit Report, was discontinued on 30th June, 1939. The posting into the ledgers is now carried out direct from the receipt and issue vouchers, with, it is understood, entirely satisfactory results. This is, in the opinion of Audit, a more straightforward method, and has many advantages over the former indirect system of recording store transactions.
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109. Closing of store for annual stocktaking.
An Audit suggestion that the Central Store should be closed for a certain period at the end of the year to facilitate the annual check by the Board of Survey was agreed to. Despite the fears expressed in certain quarters that inconvenience would be caused to large store consuming departments, no complaints were received although the store was closed for 5 days. It is therefore assumed that the closure did not seriously affect the activities of any department. On the other hand the cessation of all issues, except those in respect of stores urgently required, was doubtless of great assistance to the staff engaged in balancing the ledgers, as well as to the surveying officers.
110. Tools and Plant-Public Works Department-Records for.
Inventories on loose sheets, listing the various items of tools and plant held by each branch of the Public Works Department have been maintained, but no Tools and Plant Ledgers were kept. It appears that fresh inventories were prepared annually, and these presumably incorporated all receipts of new equipment during the year and omitted items written off", etc. As no references were made on these inventories as to the sources of receipt, or to the store voucher numbers, and as no explanations were given for the non-inclusion in the new inventories of items recorded in those of the previous year, no Audit check on these records was possible. For obvious reasons Audit considered the Inventories unsatisfactory and pointed out that they should be kept in a permanent form. Further they should show clearly the receipt of fresh items, record all "writes off", and also give suitable references to the relative store vouchers or authorities in support of additions and deletions..
111. Tools and Plant Ledgers.
It was also brought to notice by Audit that a main Tools and Plant Ledger for the department should be maintained at Public Works Headquarters, that the receipt entries in it should be supported by stores receipt vouchers, and that this ledger should record the distribution of all items, giving reference to the inventory of the sub-department where the stores are held on charge. Such a system would connect up cash accounts with the main Tools and Plant Ledger and the latter with the sub-departments inventories. Both records would therefore bé susceptible to Audit or other check.
112. It has recently been reported that action is being taken as recommended above, and it is hoped that in due course the new records will be available for examination by the Audit Department.
113. Tools and Plant records-Kowloon-Canton Railway.
In paragraph 155 of the 1938 Audit Report reference was made to the proposed introduction of a ledger and certain subsidiary records for Tools and Plant in use by various sections of the Railway Department. All Audit recommendations have been given effect to, a Tools and Plant Ledger has been introduced, and detailed inventories were prepared in which all items of a permanent nature attached to each section of the Railway workshops were listed. The reorganisation has proved entirely satisfactory and reflects credit on the persons responsible.
114. Tools and Plant records-Harbour Department.
As no Tools and Plant Ledger or Inventories of permanent equipment in use appeared to have been maintained by the Harbour Department, Audit expressed the view that steps should be taken to do so. The matter will be kept in view.
115.
Medical Department Equipment-Main Inventories for.
With a view to connecting cash accounts and issues from Unallocated Stocks, etc., with the items shown on the inventories maintained in the various sections
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and institutions of the Medical Department, and thus render them susceptible to check, Audit proposed the introduction of, and drew up a specimen form for, Main Inventory ledgers for the following:-
116.
(a) Central Medical Store-Surgical Instruments, etc.
(b) Stewards Store:--
(i) Crockery and cutlery.
(ii) Furniture.
(iii) Other hospital equipment and accessories.
(c) Matron's Store-bedding and linen.
It is intended that these Main Inventories shall be used in conjunction with departmental inventories, and they should record the receipt of all equipment issued to the department and show the distribution thereof.
117. Action is being taken to prepare these Inventories, and the matter is being kept in view.
118. Medical Department-Main Store Accounts.
Audit examinations of these accounts which were made during the year, dis- closed an unduly large number of inaccuracies, and test surveys revealed numerous discrepancies between ledger balances and stocks on hand. These errors appear to have been due largely to the inexperience of the clerks engaged on the work of posting the store ledgers, and to confusion between reserve and main stocks. The latest Audit examination however revealed a more satisfactory state of affairs, and the results of the Board of Survey held at the end of the year confirm this.
119. Railway Department-Sales of Coal.
The authority for the sale of coal to Railway Officials was questioned by Audit. On the matter being investigated it appeared that no formal sanction had been obtained for this practice and as there appeared no justification for it Govern- ment ruled that these sales should be discontinued.
120. Harbour Department--Yaumati Slipway Stores.
These were placed in charge of the Controller of Stores as from the 1st July, 1939. In future stores purchased for Harbour Department use will form part of the Central Store Unallocated stocks, but the stores taken over by the Controller, which are Allocated, will until exhausted be issued as required and without financial adjustment.
121. Police Department-Manufacture of Uniforms and Police personnel.
It has been customary for the Police and other departments to issue material from Government stocks to the approved Government Contractor for manufacture into uniforms and other articles of clothing for subordinate personnel. Audit examination of Police Store Conversion Vouchers kept for recording these trans- actions revealed a most unsatisfactory position in that issues of material over very considerable periods, to a firm which had held the Contract for a number of years, had not been fully accounted for. Further issues of cloth were made in bulk, whereas completed articles were being supplied in driblets over very extended periods. In numbers of instances part only of each order, which had been placed many months previously, had been completed at the date of audit, but no steps had apparently been made, either to insist on the early completion of the orders, or to obtain the return by the Contractor of the unused material. Certain of these orders remained incompletely executed for over two years. During this period many other similar orders were placed and further quantities of material to cover them were issued, with the result that at the date of audit material valued at no less than $2,554.67 had not been accounted for. After raising an Audit Query on this subject, material valued at $613.01 was subsequently recovered from the Contractors and articles accounting for the remaining material, viz., $1,941.66 were manufactured and supplied.
:
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122. Arrangements have now been made whereby all outstanding Conversion Vouchers will be reconciled quarterly and any material not used by the Tailors will be returned unless it is proposed to make immediate use of it. If such action is taken the position should show considerable improvement, but the piecemeal supply of manufactured articles and the dilatory manner in which orders placed with the Contractor are executed, cannot be regarded as satisfactory.
123. In order to facilitate check and to improve the system of accounting for transactions relating to the manufacture of clothing, etc. a revised form for use as a Conversion Voucher was drawn up by Audit which would provide for the insertion of all necessary particulars.
124. Air Raid Precautions Department--Publications
The stores records of this department were in the first instance very indifferently kept. As a result of Audit representations proper Stores Ledgers were brought into use, and apparent discrepancies between the old ledger balances and the stocks on hand, of a value of $436.50, were written off with the approval of Government. In this connection it may be recorded that the shortages were probably due to the failure to record free issues to students and to other Government Departments. A permanent storekeeper has since been appointed to this department, and the store accounts have recently been kept in a more satisfactory manner.
125. Annual Boards of Survey on Stores (C.R. 344, and G.O. 421 and Stores
Regulations 68/72).
In accordance with Colonial Regulation No. 344 the usual Annual Boards of Survey, appointed by Government, inspected and reported on all stocks of Govern- ment Stores. The reports of these Boards were on the whole satisfactory. With reference to paragraph 121 of the Audit Report on the 1938 accounts, the stores of the smaller departments and all Government Medical Institutions were subjected to check by Boards shortly after the close of the financial year. Unallocated stocks were checked in test only as permitted by local Regulation.
126. Tools and Plant and Office-equipment-Departmental Survey of. (Stores
Regulations 145 (4) and 161).
In compliance with Local Allocated Stores Regulations a departmental survey was made by most Government departments at the close of the year, of all Tools and Plant and Office furniture and equipment, etc., held on Inventory charge.
127. Cases of failure to do so were brought to notice by Audit and the neces- sary action was taken.
128. Reconciliation of Unallocated Store Balances with the Accountant-
General's Accourts.
Statements showing how reconciliation has been effected between the balances of the Unallocated Stores Accounts in the books of the Accountant-General, and those shown by the departmental store accounts, have been received and checked by Audit. The accounts concerned are:-
(a) Central Stores.
(b) Railway Stores.
The
The Statements are submitted as Enclosures 18 and 19 to this report. Stock Sheets of these stores as at 31st December, 1939 have also been examined by Audit.
K. KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
129. A copy of the Manager's report on the working of the British Section of the Kowloon-Canton Railway for the year 1939, which was submitted to the Auditor on the 23rd April, 1940, is forwarded as Enclosure No. 21 to this report.
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130. The accounts have been satisfactorily kept and regularly rendered.
131. Surprise Audit Surveys of the Cash Balances, etc., at Railway Head- arters and at the various stations were carried out and call for no comment. Stocks of stores held on charge by the Railway were subjected to test surveys by Audit, the results being satisfactory.
132. The net profit on the Operating Account of the Railway for the year was $128,613.38 as compared with $932,418.48 for the previous year.
133. As a result of the hostilities in China only local traffic was handled, through traffic being suspended throughout the year.
134. Suspense Account.
The Secretary of State, in his despatch No. 207 of 9th June, 1939, approved, subject to reconsideration when more settled conditions obtain, of the opening of a Suspense Account entitled "Kowloon-Canton Railway Suspense Account D-Work- shops Suspense Account", with a maximum balance of $20,000, through which all Railway Workshop transactions would pass.
135. Unallocated Stores-Maximum stock of.
It is understood that the approved standard stock of the Railway Unallocated Stores has not been disturbed by the above arrangement and therefore remains at $175,000.
L. GENERAL.
136. Trade Loans.
It was mentioned in paragraph 100 of the previous Audit Report that the balance of the two outstanding Trade Loans, viz., $211,711.42 were cleared from the accounts by transferring them to the Trade Loan Reserve Account, but as Government's claim in respect of these loans was not relinquished they were recorded in a Statement (No. 15) submitted with the report.
137. During the year one Loan, No. 492, was liquidated by the sale of the mortgaged property as under :—
Amount of Loan
Proceeds of Sale
(credited to 1939 Revenue Head 9, Mis-
cellaneous Receipts).
Balance of Loan irrecoverable
$133,000.00
$67,500.00
*$ 65,500.00
$133,000.00
Arrears of Interest.
Amount due
Paid-(credited to 1939 Revenue Head 9, Mis-
cellaneous Receipts)
Balance irrecoverable
$ 45,344.98
$
1,900.00
*$ 40,444.98
$ 45,344.98
* -Written off under authority of the Governor ride Secretary of State's Confidential despatch of 26th February, 1930.
*
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138. The expenses of the sale of this property, amounting to $1,428.48, were charged to Expenditure.
139.
With regard to the other Loan-No. 253-the position is as follows:-
Amount outstanding on 31st December, 1938... $ 85,771.42
Refund during 1939 (Credited to 1939 Revenue
Head 9, Miscellaneous Receipts)
Balance at 31st December, 1939
6,000.00
$ 79.771.42
This item is shown in the Statement of Outstanding Trade Loans and Interest which is submitted as Enclosure 15 to this report.
140. Building and other Loans.
The position of the outstanding Building and other Loans repayable to the Colony, at the end of the previous year, and as at the 31st December, 1939 (Enclosure 5 of this report) is shown below.
Date.
31.12.38
31.12.39
Amount repaid. $95,165.96
(Includes $11,862.05 held as Sinking Fund on account of Diocesan Boys' School).
$122,588.23
141. Diocesan Boys' School—Sinking Fund.
Amount outstanding.
$300,779.SS
$274.035.11
The accumulated balance of the Sinking Fund held on account of the Diocesan Boys' School, viz., $13,059.27, was during the year transferred to Revenue Head 9— Miscellaneous Receipts.
142. Exchange Fund.
The accounts of this Fund for the year 1939 were examined by me with satisfactory results. The audited Balance Sheet and Statements, showing the position as at the end of the year, have, it is understood, been submitted to the Secretary of State. The existence of the Assets of the Exchange Fund has been verified. with the certificate furnished by the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
143. Currency Accounts.
The accounts and records maintained in connection with the issue of Currency Notes (authorised under Ordinance No. 42 of 1935) and the Nickel and Subsidiary Coinage Accounts, have been examined. Surprise Audit Surveys have been made of the stocks of notes and coin, the results being satisfactory. These stocks were also surveyed by Boards appointed by Government.
144.
China Companies Fees.
A Local Audit Inspection of the accounts kept by the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai, covering the period February, 1939 to April, 1940 has recently been carried out. The net revenue obtained from this source during the year, exclusive of the revenue derived from Stamp Fees, was H.K. $100,663.62 representing a decrease of H.K. $65,907.38 as compared with that of the previous year.
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115. Custodian of Enemy Property Accounts.
The accounts kept by the Custodian of Enemy Property, in conformity with Ordinance Nos. 25 and 28 of 1914 as amended by Ordinance No. 33 of 1939; covering the period from the date of their inception to the 31st of December, 1939, have been examined by the Auditor. The existence of the Cash Balances as at the
of the year was verified.
{ '
146. Local Audit Inspections and Surprise Surveys.
Two hundred and four surprise inspections were carried out during the year by the Audit Department, and no discrepancies of any importance were detected.
147. The discovery, on the occasion of a Local Audit Inspection, of an envelope containing the pay of a labourer employed by the Public Works Depart- ment, whose name appeared on a Pay List, which latter had been certified to the effect that all sums shown thereon had been paid over to the persons entitled thereto, indicated that the procedure for dealing with unclaimed wages in that department was unsatisfactory, and that the certificates of payment on wage vouchers could not always be relied on. The matter was taken up with the Accountant-General and arrangements have now been made whereby unpaid wages will be properly dealt with, and for the certificate given on pay vouchers to accord with the facts of the case.
148. Government Launches-Use of.
An Audit Inspection of Government Launch Log Books and replies to Audit Queries raised in connection with certain entries therein, indicated that due economy had not always been practised by officers using Government launches, and that their employment had not been confined to purely Government business.
149. As a result of these queries and of representations by the Auditor, more rigid departmental control over the use of the launches is now being exer- cised. In addition new Log Books, which provide for the insertion of fuller particulars of the journeys made, have been introduced. If these records are properly kept it will be possible for the Audit Department to keep a more satis- factory check on the running of these launches.
150.
Police-Pay Sheets.
As considerable difficulty was being encountered in checking deductions, shown in the Police Department Pay Sheets, creditable to Revenue, as distinct from those deducted on private or semi-official account, a revised form of Pay Sheet was drawn up and subsequently adopted.
151. Continuous Audits.
In addition to the usual audit of the accounts of the Accountant-General, a continuous audit was maintained on the accounts of the Railway, Imports and Exports Department, and the Stores Department.
152. Audit Report on the 1938 Accounts.
The Audit Report on the Accounts of the year 1938 was placed before the Legislature on the 9th November, 1939, together with a copy of the Governor's covering despatch to the Secretary of State. A copy of the Annual Abstract Account for 1938, accompanied by the report of the Director of Colonial Audit, was presented to the Legislature on the 7th March, 1940.
153. Colonial Development Fund.
In his despatch No. 47 of the 3rd of February, 1939, the Secretary of State reported that a free grant of a sum not exceeding £10,000, from the Colonial
}
A (2) 27
Development Fund to meet the capital cost of the establishment in the Colony of a Fishery Station and Experimental Aquarium, had been approved. Up to the date however no money has been received on this account, neither, as far as Audit is aware, has any expenditure been incurred.
154. Alteration of Financial Year.
At the request of the Hong Kong Government the Secretary of State approved of the accounting period of the Colony being the 1st of April to the 31st March of the following year. In order to give effect to this alteration the next accounting period will be one of fifteen months, commencing on the 1st January, 1940 and finishing on the 31st of March, 1941.
155. Programme of Work.
With the exception of certain Parcels and Air Mail accounts with other Postal Administrations, which have not yet been rendered, the approved Programme of Work has been completed.
156. There has been no material departure from the approved Programme, but examinations have in some instances been extended to include certain subsidiary records not detailed in the Programme.
157. Outstanding questions.
There are no outstanding questions, whether raised by query or otherwise, other than those specially brought to notice in this report, which affect or are likely to affect the accuracy of the Annual Abstract Account, or of the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. Neither are there any outstanding questions of importance, other than those referred to in this report, not affecting the accuracy of the
accounts.
158. Date of Report.
The examination of the year's account and the drafting of this report was completed by the 10th May, 1940. The latter was revised according to additional information received up to 25th July, 1940.
M. STAFF.
159. Mr. W. R. E. Stephenson, M.A., Assistant Auditor, proceeded on vacation leave on 30th July, 1939, and returned to the Colony on the 8th April, 1940.
Mr. B. E. Maughan, Senior Clerk, Audit Department, returned from vacation leave on the 25th January, 1939.
160. In concluding this report I wish to express my appreciation of the services rendered during the year by the Audit Staff.
A. POLLARD,
Auditor.
10th May, 1940.
DATE FIRST
QUERY NO.
ISSUED.
APPENDIX A.
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING QUERIES.
SUBJECT.
DEPARTMENT CONCERNED.
Education Department.
Supreme Court.
Water Works Office.
General Post Office.
Accountant-General.
General Post Office.
136/R
23.12.39
Arrears of School Fees
144/R
19. 1.40
Marine and Fire Insurance Companies' Securities
171/R
27. 3.40
Water Account, 4th Quarter, 1939
175/R
176/R
6. 5.40
Japan Air Mail Account
8. 5.40
Deposit Accounts
178/R
29. 5.40
China Air Mail Account
•
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A
(2) 28
A. POLLARD,
Auditor.
10th May, 1940,
A
$
Appendix C.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS FOR THE YEAR 1939.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
(TABLES I TO III.)
The Government revenue derived from all sources during the year was $18,539.90 and the Government expenditure was $157,157.24.
2. As is evidenced by the numerous tables attached to this report, much of the work of the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs is concerned with the administration of funds that may be called semi-official. The revenue in these cases is in very large part a matter of voluntary subscription by the Chinese community and outside the Government estimates, with expenditure at the discretion of the Department and of the various communities concerned.
PROTECTION OF WOMEN AND GIRLS.
(Ordinance 2 of 1865.)
(Ordinance 6 of 1893.)
(Ordinance 1 of 1923.)
(Ordinance, 5 of 1938.)
3. The number of boys reported missing to the Po Leung Kuk during the year was two and the number of girls nil.
4. Eighteen girls were put under bond this year and ten were released from their bonds; the total number of girls under bond at the end of December was fifty-four.
5. Three additional lady inspectors were appointed and commenced their duties in August, 1939. Another lady inspector was engaged at the beginning of December, 1939, to cover the work of inspecting women and children emigrants. This post was previously held by a Chinese male officer whose services have since been terminated. She is employed on full time duty, and will not be assigned for service with the outdoor visiting staff. Another lady inspector is also employed on inter- pretation and clerical work with the European Assistant. The remaining seven have paid a total of 163 visits to registered muitsai and to ex-muitsai who have obtained employment as domestic servants.
They have also paid a total of 4,873 visits to registered wards under the Pro- tection of Women and Girls Ordinance 1938, interrogated girls suspected to be muitsai or unregistered wards: attended at Police Court and at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs on special duty. In addition they have regularly visited a large number of adopted boys voluntarily registered in the office of the Secretariat for
Chinese Affairs.
6. At the beginning of the year the number of registered muitsai was 1,102, but by the end of December they had been reduced to 299. The 803 cancellations are accounted for as follows:-
Married
19
Restored to parents or relatives
8
Left Colony permanently
1
Earning their own living.
45
Removed from the register
708
Remaining as member of family
22
- C 2
The 708 girls stated above to have been removed from the register are all girls whose whereabouts are unknown and who have probably left the Colony, been married or restored to relatives. All these girls are over 18 years of age.
The names of the twenty-two girls remaining with their former employers as members of the family have been transferred to the Register of Adopted Daughters and Wards.
7. Eighty persons were prosecuted under the Female Domestic Service Ordin- ance (1 of 1923) and the Offences Against the Person Ordinance (2 of 1865) in respect of seventy-nine girls. In all 109 charges under these and other enactments were preferred as follows:-
(1) Ill-treatment of unregistered muitsai
(2) Ill-treatment of child under 16 years
(3) Common assault
(4) Keeping an unregistered muitsai
12
9
2
54
(5) Bringing an unregistered muitsai into the Colony (6) Failing to report possession of a ward
31
1
109
Ten cases
were discharged, in thirty cases defendants were cautioned, in twenty-seven cases defendants were bound over, six cases were withdrawn, and in thirty-six cases defendants were fined.
Where the employers of unregistered muitsai had been prosecuted the girls con- cerned were disposed of as follows:-.
Twenty-three girls entered domestic service, nineteen girls were transferred to the Register of Adopted Daughters and Wards under the Women and Girls Ordin- ance, No. 5 of 1938, four girls were restored to parents and relatives, three girls obtained employment, twenty-nine girls were sent to the Po Leung Kuk and one to the Salvation Army Industrial Home.
The seventy-nine girls were discovered from reports made as follows:-
Forty-one by the girls' employers who had entered the Colony as refugees and wished to register them, fifteen by the girls to the Police, one by the staff of the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, three by the girls' parents, four by the girls them- selves to the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, six by the Anti-Muitsai Society and nine by anonymous reports,
8. In addition to the above mentioned reports, ten reports were received from the Anti-Muitsai Society, one from the Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children and thirty-nine from anonymous sources. These case were investigated and found to be without sufficient foundation to substantiate a charge.
9. Twelve girls were sent to the Salvation Army Industrial Home, and seven girls to Rural Home and Orphanage at Taipo.
10. Wages of registered muitsai continued to be paid monthly by the employers concerned to the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs. This money has been placed in a saving account with the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.
11. Adopted daughters and wards.
The number of girls remaining on the registers on 31st December, 1938. was 2,558. In addition to these, 395 girls were subsequently registered, making a total number of 2,953 registrations at the end of December 1939.
+
}
4
C 3
Between these dates there has been a decrease of 176, so that the number of registered wards remaining in the Colony on 31st December, 1939, is 2,777.
The decrease is made up as follows:-
Died
51
Absconded
7
Married
8
Restored to parents or relatives
51
Left Colony permanently
Earning their own living
21
3
Removed from the registers.
35
176
12. 105 cases with 123 charges were brought under the Protection of Women and Girls Ordinance 1938 and the Offences Against the Persons Ordinance of 1865 (including fifteen charges of ill-treatment and assault), involving 107 defendants and 107 girls. The 107 girls were discovered from reports made as follows:-
Forty-eight by lady inspectors; six by the girls' custodians who wished to re- gister them; fifteen by the girls to the police; seven by the girls themselves to the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs; eight by the police; five by the girls' parents or friends; three by the Anti-Muitsai Society; four by a member of the public; eight by letter and three by members of the staff of the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
Four cases were discharged; four cases withdrawn; thirteen defendants were cautioned; nine were bound over and one defendant was sent to a term of imprison-
ment.
The prosecutions are summarized as follows:-
Ill-treatment by those in charge of a child Common assault
Failing to give notice of possession of an unregistered
ward
Bringing an unregistered ward into the Colony
Failing to report change of address of a registered ward
Failing to report the intended removal from the Colony
of a registered ward
Failing to report the intended marriage of a ward
8
7
48
16
28
14
2
123
The number of cases of importation and possession of unregistered wards is increasing owing to the flow of refugees coming to the Colony to avoid hostilities in China. Of the total of 107 girls involved in the prosecutions enumerated above. fifty-seven have been transferred to the register of adopted daughters and wards under the Protection of Women and Girls Ordinance of 1938; thirty-seven were sent to the Po Leung Kuk pending arrangements for their disposal; ten were restored to parents and relatives; two were married and one obtained employment.
13. For a detailed account of the Po Leung Kuk work see Annexe A.
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EMIGRATION.
(ORDINANCE 30 of 1915.)
(Tables IV and V.)
14. The number of assisted emigrants was 728 as compared with 1,466 in 1938.
15.
The number of women and children emigrants was 28,574 as compared with 42,753 in 1938.
CHINESE BOARDING HOUSE.
(ORDINANCE 23 OF 1917.)
(Table VI.)
16. At the end of the year there were 126 boarding houses of all classes as against 141 at the end of 1938. During the year no new licences were taken out and fifteen licences were cancelled.
17. No convictions were obtained under the ordinance as compared with same in 1938.
PERMITS.
(ORDINANCE 40 of 1932.)
(ORDINANCE 22 OF 1919.)
18. 4,809 permits to fire crackers were issued, of which 3.878 were for weddings and the remainder for birthdays, shop-openings, etc. Fifty-two permits were issued for theatrical performances.
19.
Other permits issued were twenty-three for religious ceremonies and nine for processions.
REGISTRATION OF BOOKS.
(ORDINANCE 2 of 1888.)
20. 109 books were registered during the year as compared with eighty-one in 1938.
REGISTRATION OF NEWSPAPERS.
(ORDINANCE 25 OF 1927.)
(ORDINANCE 1 OF 1930.)
21. The number of registered Chinese newspapers on 31st December was sixty- eight of which eight were registered during the year.
f
+
*
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ww
DISTRICT WATCH FORCE
(ORDINANCE 23 OF 1930.)
(Tables VII & VIII.)
22. The District Watch Committee met on thirteen occasions at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs. In addition two meetings at which His Excellency the Governor presided were held at Government House. The following gentlemen served on the Committee throughout the year :-
Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.
Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt.
Mr. Wong Iu-tung.
Hon. Sir Robert H. Kotewall, Kt., c.M.G., LL.D.
Mr. Li Po-kwai.
Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., LL.D.
Mr. T. N. Chau, C.B.E.
Hon. Mr. Lo Man-kam,
Mr. Wong Ping-sun.
Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E.
Mr. Tam Woon-tong.
Hon. Dr. Li Shu-fan.
Hon. Mr. W. N. T. Tam.
Mr. Li Jowson.
23. Mr. Au Shiu-cho retired on the expiration of his year of office as ex- Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk Committee and was succeeded by Mr. Chan Kam- po. Mr. Chau Shiu-ng, Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital, also served on the Committee.
Mr. Sum Pak-ming, owing to ill-health resigned from the Committee in June and Mr. Li Jowson was appointed to fill the vaccancy. Hon. Mr. W. N. T. Tam was appointed a member of the Committee on 20th March.
24. The Force was maintained at its full authorized strength, namely:-5 Head District Watchmen, 6 Assistant Head District Watchmen, 26 detectives and 103 uniformed men.
25. During the year one member of the Force resigned, one died, four were dismissed and five retired. Recruits were obtained for the eleven vacancies.
26. Inspector E. G. Post was in charge of the Force throughout the year.
27. The Force has, as in previous years, specialized in matters affecting the Chinese community, and the work during the year has been satisfactory.
A total of 1,228 successful prosecutions was brought by the District Watch Force, which shows an increase in the number of cases in comparison with the year 1938. At the same time members of the Force had to perform the same amount of special duties in connexion with civil inquiries, labour disputes, and so forth.
VIII).
28. Comparative figures of all cases for the last three years are attached (Table
- C 6
29. Discipline was good. There were four dismissals as compared with five and six in 1938 and 1937 respectively and thirty-one departmental reports as com- pared with twenty-nine and fifty-two in the same years. One first class, two second class, and five third class medals for long service were awarded, and a number of men received special commendation.
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL AND MAN MO TEMPLE.
(ORDINANCE 31 of 1930.)
(ORDINANCE 10 OF 1908.)
(Tables IX to XIV.)
30. The following gentlemen served on the Board of Directors for 1938 and 1939:
Mr. Chau Shiung,
Mr. Lo Min-nung, Mr. Yeung Wing-hong,
Mr. Wong Chi-po,
Mr. Lo Hin-shing,
Mr. Wan Wan-ching,
Mr. Lam Pui-sang, Mr. Tong Yick-tong, Mr. Hui Lap-sam, Mr. Hong Kang-po,
Mr. Fok Tit-yu,
Mr. Fung Wai-hin.
31. A detailed report on the medical work of the hospital, by the Visiting Medical Officer, will be found in Annexe B.
BREWIN CHARITY FUND.
(Tables XV and XVI.)
32. A note on the history of this fund will be found in previous reports.
CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.
(See Annexe B and Tables XVII to XX.)
WANCHAI MATERNITY HOSPITAL.
(See Annexe B.)
CHINESE PERMANENT CEMETERY.
(Table XXI.)
CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.
(Table XXII.)
YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE.
(Table XXIII.)
33. The Chinese Recreation Ground and the Yaumati Public Square are controlled by a Committee consisting of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs as Chairman and the Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.
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PASSAGE MONEY FUND.
(Table XXIV.)
TRANSLATION.
34. The total number of translations made in the Department during 1939 was 1,643 as compared with 1,386 in 1938. 903 of these were from Chinese into English and 740 from English into Chinese. In addition a large number of trans- lations made in other Government departments were sent to this office for revision.
LABOUR.
35. The wave of industrial expansion which was noted in the report for 1938 fully maintained its level during 1939. There were 212 new factories registered as opposed to 93 closures and the total number of factories on the register at the end of the year was 948. The weaving and knitting industries continued to expand steadily, while the output of the manufacturers who export to the Empire markets was well up to standard. Certain factories, especially those engaged in manufac- turing thermos flasks and bulbs for electric torches, found themselves unable to cope with the competition of cheap labour in China, which was intensified by the fall in value of the Chinese dollar, and were forced to close down but on the other hand several new industries have established, including the first match factory in Hong Kong. There was some difficulty in securing raw materials after the out- break of war in Europe but the position was steadily improving by the end of the
year.
36. The approximate number of people employed in registered factories at the end of the year was 57,500 which is a slight increase over the figures for 1938. It must be remembered, however, that this is only a fraction of the total number of workers employed in the Colony and there is no evidence of any great diminution in the number of unemployed whose ranks are still swollen by refugees from China.
37. There were no large building projects but the shipyards were busy and the year saw the construction of the two biggest ships ever built in the Colony. Military works created a steady demand for unskilled labour throughout the year.
-
LABOUR DISPUTES.
38. Disputes between the masters and a section of the workmen employed by the Chung Hwa Book Company broke out at intervals throughout the year. These disputes had no connexion with wages or conditions of work but were concerned with the displacement of a number of hand press printers by the introduction of modern high-speed rotary presses in the banknote and stamp printing departments of the company.
After numerous fruitless negotiations the matter was eventually settled and the displaced workmen have now been repatriated to Shanghai.
39.
A satisfactory example of the value of negotiation between organized bodies representing employers and employees was afforded by the sensible con- duct of masters and men in the Hong Kong printing trade. Dissatisfaction with hours and conditions of work led the Printers Union to make an investigation and to lay the results before the Labour Officer. At his suggestion representatives of the Employers' Association and of the two Workmen's Unions conferred together and eventually reached a general agreement on terms to be enforced for the next six months. This period has since been extended by a further six months by which time it is hoped that there may be legal provision for the establishment of a statutory Trade Board to investigate this industry.
C 8
GENERAL.
40. Mr. H. R. Butters, who was appointed Labour Officer at the end of 1938, completed his survey of labour and labour conditions in the Colony and submitted a report to Government which was subsequently published as Sessional Paper No. 3 of 1939.
41. The
The report advocates the enactment of legislation to provide for the registration of Trade Unions, the establishment of Trade Boards and Workmen's Compensation. Draft Bills have been prepared and are being considered by Govern-
ment.
42. The report also recommends an extensive Labour Ordinance governing conditions of labour in the Colony generally and providing for a labour Inspectorate under the direction of the Labour Officer. Owing, however, to the transfer of the Labour Officer on 27th November, 1939, the drafting of this Ordinance has not yet been completed.
COST OF LIVING OF POORER CLASSES.
43. There was a distinct rise in the cost of commodities (rice, oil, fish, meat, vegetables and firewood) generally consumed by the poorer classes and it is estimated that the cost of a normal working class family budget (excluding clothes and rent) was at the end of the year about 20% higher than at the beginning of the year, and also higher than at any time since October, 1937. The rise accelerated to- wards the end of the year and the indications were that it would continue. There was, however, no appreciable variation in the cost of clothes. It is difficult to obtain reliable figures for the rents paid by sub-tenants in working class tenements, but the tendency for rents to rise was no doubt checked to some extent by the Prevention of Eviction Ordinance, 1938. “
44. By the end of the year the price of oil had risen by over 60% and price of rice by over 12% as compared with the beginning of the year, a contributory factor in these increases being the outbreak of the European War and the con- sequent increased cost of freight.
CHINESE TEMPLES.
(ORDINANCE 7 OF 1928.)
(Tables XXV and XXVI.)
45. The following gentlemen served on the Chinese Temples Committee during the year:
(a) Hon. Sir Robert H. Kotewall, Kt., C.M.G., LL.D., Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau, C.B.E., Hon. Mr. M. K. Lo, and Hon. Dr. Li Shu-fan- Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.
(b) Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E., Representative of the District Watch
Committee.
(c) Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E., Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam and Mr. B. Wong-
Tape-Chinese Members of the Urban Council.
(d) Mr. Chau Shiu-ng-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital Committee.
(e) Mr. Ngan Shing-kwan-Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk Committee.
(f) Mr. Lo Min-nung-Representative of the Directors of the Tung Wah Hospital who are residents of Kowloon or New Kowloon.
(g) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).
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1,
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46. The Committee met once at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
47.
The following contributions were made from the Temples Fund during the year 1939-
$15,000.00 to the Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund.
$27,240.65 to the Tung Wah Hospital.
$
SA
$
$
$
800.00 to the Home for the Aged.
500.00 to St. John Ambulance Brigade for the expenses of New Ter-
ritories medical work and Haw Par Hospital.
500.00 to the Society for the Protection of Children.
200.00 to the Children's Playground Association.
ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.
(Table XXVII.)
48. The history of the foundation of the Aberdeen Industrial School and the conditions under which it is carried on have been described in previous reports.
49. The following gentlemen served on the Executive Committee during the
year:-
(a) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).
(b) Hon. Sir Robert H. Kotewall, Kt., C.M.G., LL.D.-Representative of the
Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.
(c) Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.-Representative of the District Watch Com-
mitee.
(d) Mr. Chau Shiu-ng-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital Committee. (e) Mr. Ngan Shing-kwan-Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk Committee. (f) Mr. P. Gockchin-Chairman of the Chinese General Chamber of Com-
merce.
(g) Mr. B. Wong-Tape-Chinese Representative on the Urban Council
appointed by the Governor.
(h) Sir Robert Ho Tung, Mr. Fung Ping-wa, Mr. Tse Ka-po and Mr. Ng
Wa-Appointed by the Governor.
(i) Reverend Father Guarona and Reverend Father Bernardini-Members
of the Salesian Society.
STAFF.
SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS.
50. Mr. R. A. C. North returned from leave on 4th August and acted as Colonial Secretary to 27th September. During his absence Messrs. W. J. Carrie and H. R. Butters acted as Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
6th June, 1940.
W. J. CARRIE,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
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Annexe A.
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE PO LEUNG KUK
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
(Tables A, B and C.)
The Po Leung Kuk Society was founded in 1878 to aid in the detection and suppression of kidnapping especially of girls and women, and to shelter such girls or women as had been kidnapped in the interior and brought to Hong Kong for sale or emigration. Its name means "institution for the preservation of virtue." The initiative in its formation came from the Chinese themselves, and ever since by subscription and personal service they have continued to support it.
2. The following were elected in April to serve as the Managing Committee for the year :-
Mr. Ngan Shing-kwan.
Mrs. Ho Leung.
Dr. Li Tsoo-yiu.
Miss Irene Ho Tung.
Mrs. Kwok Lam-pat.
Mr. Wan Wan-tsing.
Mr. Tong Yick-tong. Dr. Liu Yan-tak.
Mr. Chau Sing-chi. Mr. Kwok Pui-cheung.
Mr. Leung Sik-mau.
Mr. Kan Man.
3. The number of inmates of the Po Leung Kuk on 1st January, 1939, was 196 and during the year 787 persons were admitted as against 650 in 1938. The circumstances of admission and the action taken in regard to them are set out in Table A.
4. 787 women, girls and children were admitted without warrant. Thirty-four were lost children. Seventeen were accompanied by parents or guardians and twenty-nine were muitsai who had left their employers and thirty-seven wards who had left their custodians.
5. On leaving the Kuk 167 persons were restored to husbands or other relatives, 126 were sent to charitable institutions in China or employed as domestic servants, thirty-one were given in adoption, one was married, 205 were released after inquiries, twenty-two were released under band, and 182 were sent to a School, Convent, Refuge or Refugee Camp in the Colony. The number of inmates remain- ing in the Kuk on 31st December was 223 which is more than that of previous years.
6. 285 cases of sickness were sent to the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, one to the Mental Hospital, and three to the Lai Chi Kok Hospital for treatment, and of these twenty-five died.
7. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., and Lieutenant-Colonel H. B. L. Dowbiggin, 0.B.E., continued to serve as Visiting Justices throughout the year.
8. Mrs. M. K. Lo and Mrs. S. W. Tso paid regular visits of inspection during the year.
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Annexe B.
THE CHINESE HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES.
The Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries are institutions established by the Chinese, in some instance over seventy years ago, for the benefit of the sick poor of Chinese nationality.
2. There are three general hospitals, each with a maternity department, one maternity hospital, and nine public dispensaries.
3. They are maintained by subscriptions from the public, by donations from the Chinese General Charities Fund, and by direct grants from Government. The Government grants have been substantially increased in recent years. The history of their foundation has appeared in earlier reports.
4. In control of the Tung Wah Hospital Corporation is the Board of Directors, a body of Chinese gentlemen elected each year by the subscribers. A medical Com- mittee has been appointed consisting of the three Principal Directors, two members of the Advisory Board, the Visiting Medical Officer and the three Superintendents of the Hospitals, under the Chairmanship of the Director of Medical Services, to act as the executive authority in all matters relating to the Medical administration of the Hospitals.
5. The Tung Wah Hospital corporation serves many purposes, and has wide ramifications extending into many departments of charitable work. Its activities include:-
(1) Accommodation and treatment by Western or herbal medicine of the
sick poor.
(2) The care and provision for the senile and indigent.
(3) Maternity and child welfare service for the poor.
(4) Free vaccination against smallpox and inoculation against cholera.
(5) Provision of coffins and burial of the dead.
(6) Training schools for nurses and midwives.
THE WANCHAI OR EASTERN MATERNITY HOSPITAL.
This hospital is run in conjunction with the Eastern Dispensary. It is in charge of a Western-trained Chinese doctor and continues to provide most satisfactory and efficient service for this densely populated district.
The total number of beds is 31, and the number of admissions 1,244. There were three maternal deaths during the year.
THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.
The Chinese Public Dispensaries commenced their work in 1904 and full des- cription of their activities appears in the Report for 1938.
IN-PATIENTS.
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Admitted in 1939.
Tung Wah
Tung Wah (Eastern)
Kwong Wah
Total
Chinese treatment
5,074
2,271
4,144
11,489
Western treatment
13,737
6,911
20,657
41,305
Maternity cases
2,220
1,074
4,714
8,207
Combine
21,031
10,256
29,714
61,001
Remaining from 1938 ..
693
252
602
1,547
"
TOTAL IN-PATIENTS
21,724
10,508
30,316
62,548
OPERATIONS.
572
527
829
1,928
Deaths in hospital
5,773
3,306
9,492
18,571
Brought in dead
1,607
1,016
2,577
5,200
DEATH-RATE PER 1,000
265
314
313
296
OUT-PATIENTS.
Chinese treatment
223,056
95,094
514,554
832,704
Western treatment
24,217
27,777
24,677
76,671
Combine
247,273
122,871
539,231
909,375
Eye clinic
14,648
1,251
3,838
19,737
Baby clinic
1.443
646
1,907
Ante-natal clinic
486
486
Anti-smallpox vaccinations
16,607
3,646
10,647
30,900
Anti-cholera inoculations
7,080
5,066
2,919
15,065
Gynaecology
1,748
1,748
Po Leung Kuk.
- C 13
INDEX.
Table.
A.
Number of Women, Girls and Children admitted Statement of Receipts & Expenditure (Jan.-May) Statement of Receipts & Expenditure (May-Dec.)
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
B.
C.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure
Comparative Statement of Revenue, 1938 and 1939
Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for last
ten years
I
II
III
Emigration.
•
Number of female passengers and boys examined and passed
IV
Number of Assisted Emigrants
V
Chinese Boarding House Licence Returns
District Watch Force.
VI
Statement of Receipts and Expenditure Comparative statement of cases obtained
VII
VIII
Tung Wah Hospital and Man Mo Temple.
Income and Expenditure Account of the three Chinese Hospitals
IX
Balance Sheet of the three Chinese Hospitals
X
Income and Expenditure Account of the Man Mo Temple Balance Sheet of the Man Mo Temple
XI
XII
Comparative Expenditure under certain headings at the three Chinese
Hospitals
XIII
Comparative number of cases treated at the three Chinese Hospitals...
XIV
Brewin Fund.
Income and Expenditure Account
Balance Sheet
XV
XVI
Chinese Public Dispensaries.
Summary of work done during the year
XVII
Summary of work done in Gynaecological Clinics
XVIII
Income and Expenditure Account
XIX
Balance Sheet
XX
Chinese Permanent Cemetery Statement of Account
XXI
Chinese Recreation Ground: Statement of Account
XXII
Yaumati Public Square: Statement of Account
XXIII
Passage Money Fund
XXIV
General Chinese Charities Fund
XXV
Chinese Temple Fund
XXVI
Aberdeen Industrial School: Statement of Account
XXVII
Total
Committed under Warrant from the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
Committed under Warrant from the Emigration
Office.
Sent with their own consent by the Secretary for
Chinese Affairs.
Sent with their own
consent from Singapore and Sandakan.
Admitted during the year........
558
20
149
34
17
Sent with their own
consent by the Police.
In the Po Leung Kuk on
143
2
28
10
1
196
1st January, 1939 ...
Remaining in the Po Leung Kuk on the
162
3
36
19
3
223
223
31st December, 1939
9
Lost Children,
Table A.
NUMBER OF WOMEN, GIRLS AND CHILDREN, ADMITTED TO THE PO LEUNG KUK DURING THE YEAR 1939 AND THE
ARRANGEMENTS MADE REGARDING THEM.
Accompanying parents or guardians.
or
3
Runaway girls.
Total.
Released after inquiries.
Released under bond.
Placed in charge of husbands.
Placed in charge of parents and relatives.
Sent
to
Charitable Institution in China employed as domestic servant.
Sent to School, Convent, or Refuge.
or
701
22
177
46
27
10
983
209
18
1
167
126
182
31
25
223
983
787
204
15
1
160
73
126
1
1
15
191
787
1
7
53
56
30
10
32
196
Adopted.
Married.
Died.
Case under consideration.
Total
C 14
1
Table B.
A
PO LEUNG KUK.
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE FROM 1ST JANUARY TO 4TH MAY, 1939.
C 15
Receipts.
C.
Expenditure.
C.
Balance from Previous year
$10,393.70
Wages
Food
$2,242.30 2,965.55
Subscriptions:
Rent from House Property
$1,490.00
Subscriptions from Guilds
3,301.50
Clothes for inmates
Traffic expenses
Repairs
Passage Money
Fuel
246.46
258.55
344.90
85.00
Light and Power
596.99
396.40
Sale of Hand Work
226.09
Drugs
162.44
Water
292.75
Deposit with Po Fung Bank
279.50
Telephone
64.50
:
Crown Rent and Rates
242.28
Interest
9.78
Advertisement and Printing
33.12
Stationery
64.52
Contributions to Festivals
220.00
Material for Hand Work
409.79
Miscellaneous
545.01
Miscellaneous
71.85
Insurance
49.25
Interest on Current Account
5,598.72 19.25
8,999.81
Balance
7,011.86
Total......
$16,011.67
Total....
$16,011.67
Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Chan Lan Fong and Mrs. Ho Leung, Members of the Board of Directors.
Table C.
PO LEUNG KUK.
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE FROM 5TH MAY TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
C 16 -
Receipts.
C.
Expenditure.
$ C.
Handed over by previous Committee
*$7,011.86
Wages Food
$4,551.14
7,823.30
Subscriptions:
Fuel
1,380.20
Repairs
809.69
Grant by Hong Kong Government
$10,000.00
Traffic Expenses
465.30
Water Account
165.75
Rent from house property
2,983.00
Crown Rent and Rates
317.50
Clothes for Inmates
1,332.11
A. Fong Photographers ....
250.00
Light and Power
615.45
Telephone
64.50
Subscriptions from Guilds
15,111.83
Petty Expenditure
493.43
Printing and Stationery
440.82
Yue Lan and other celebrations
735.00
Passage Money
4.50
Medical Apparatus and Drugs
447.63
Sale of hand work
207.38
Material for Hand Work
346.53
Miscellaneous
1,997.35
Miscellaneous
72.26
21,255.20
:
Interest on current account
29,359.47 43.82
Balance
15,159.95
Total......
$36,415.15
Total..
$36,415.15
Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Chan Lan Fong and Mrs. Ho Leung, Members of the Board of Directors. * Of which $6,133.97 represents the surplus of the Building Fund.
C 17
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938 AND 1939.
Personal Emoluments
Other Charges.
1938.
1939.
$138,410.09 $152,594.04
Conveyance Allowances.
637.05
973.68
Electric Fans and Light
994.79
952.63
Incidental Expenses
1,024.35
958.47
Library
148.31
512.66
Rent of Public Telephone
35.10
117.00
Transport
235.25
735.76
Special Expenditure.
Typewriter
313.00
Total Personal Emoluments and Other Charges
$141,520.94 $157,157.24
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified.
Chinese Boarding House Licences
$14,731.00
$13,607.00
Emigration Passage Broker Licences
1,400.00
1,310.00
Fees of Court or Office.
Certificates to Chinese Proceeding to Foreign Countries ...
Miscellaneous
Official Signatures
Miscellaneous Receipts.
Condemned Stores
750.00
23.00
3,400.00
25.00
110.00
175.00
29.10
22.90
Total
$17,043.10 $18,539.90
C 18
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR LAST TEN YEARS.
Year.
*Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges.
Special Expenditure.
Total Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
1930......
130,279.41
130,279.41
20,176.06
1931.....
135,424.29
135,424.29
18,771.59
1932.
130,880.54
130,880.54
17,344.03
1933.....
175,321.51
175,321.51
16,347.60
1934...
141,831.49
141,831.49
17,618.75
1935..
127,624.04
127,624.04
13,329.67
1936..
139,948.00
139,948.00
26,865.75
1937.
129,449.37
1,308.00
130,757.37
19,530.00
1938......
141,520.94
141,520.94
17,043.10
1939..
156,844.24
313.00
157,157.24
18,539.90
* Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., & J.C. Services attached to department.
Table IV.
Number of Female Passengers and Boys examined and passed before the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under "The Asiatic Emigration Ordinance, 1915,"
during the year 1939.
Women and Children 1939.
Total Women
and
Women
Girls
Boys
Total
Children
1938.
Macassar
567
194
428
1,189
627
Straits Settlements & F.M.S.
6,021
2,088
4,535
12,544
30,773
Dutch Indies
279
81
519
878
667
Delawan Deli
612
181
403
1,196
903
British North Borneo
826
247
437
1,510
1,459
Honolulu
56
33
37
126
129
United States of Ameria
392
148
514
1,054
977
South America
1
1
4
Mauritius and Reunion
193
79
199
471
411
Australia
32
14
43
89
213
India
154
42
113
309
265
South Africa
129
35
109
273
269
Vancouver
Batavia
Sourabaya
Rangoon
248
48
335
631
579
1,209
239
561
2,009
3,302
534
120
287
941
1,285
582
269
343
1,194
861
Seattle
21
7
28
29
Saigon
2,323
621
918
3,862
Bangkok
46
19
103
168
14,225
4,458
9,891
28,574
42,753
C 19
Table V.
NUMBER OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.
Rejected.
Year.
Examined. Passed.
Un- willing. S. C. A.
Rejected
Rejected
at
by
Doctor.
1938.....
1,474 1,466
1939......
733
728
1
3
2
*Total
Rejected.
8
00
Percentage
of
Rejection.
.54
LO
5
.68
* This number includes those who failed to appear for the final examination.
NATIVE DISTRICTS OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS PASSED.
Whither Bound.
Dutch Indies
Ocean Island
Nauru
Mombasa
Melbourne
Rabaul
Sandakan
Singapore
West River
East River
North River
Canton
Delta
Kwong Sai
Southern Districts
277
43
54
230
19
76
29
728
DESTINATION OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.
Total.........
Male Assisted Emigrants.
1938.
1939.
826
438
95
127
463
132
1
2
37.
23
3
1
4
2 2 2
2
2
1,466
728
Classification of the assisted emigrants examined, according to the language spoken gives the following figures:-
Cantonese Hakka
685
43
Total........ .... 728
Table VI.
Chinese boarding house licence returns under the Boarding House Ordinance No. 23 of 1917.
Class.
I
II
IV
VII
Total
No. in existence at beginning of 1939 1 No. in existence at end of 1939
63
1
58
22
75
141
65
126
- C 20
Table VII.
STATEMENT OF THE RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE
ΤΟ THE HONG KONG
DISTRICT WATCHMAN FUND FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Receipts.
C.
Expenditure.
C.
C.
To Balance
Contributions (Victoria:-
""
$48,443.36 + Kowloon:-$18,207.45)...
66,650.81
116,112.57 Wages and Salaries:-
Chief District Watchmen Assistant Chief District
2,860.00
Watchmen
3,539.00
Detectives
10,720.20
1st Class District Watchmen... 17,001.10
99
Grant by Hong Kong Government
100.00
2nd 3rd
22
多多
"
$3
Payment to District Watchmen for special
services
12,530.70 942.66
47,593.66
2,439.00
Miscellaneous:—
Fines
91.75
Cooks
"
Coolies
House rents
756.00
Messenger
1,104.00 840.00 96.00
"
2,040.00
Rent for permission to erect an iron gate on s.s. 2 of Section A on I.L. 680, for 1939 (West Point D.W. Quarters)
Office Staff:--
1.00
Manager Collectors
1,176.00
1,176.00
Sales of unserviceable stores
37.00
Total.......
50,809.66
"
Interest on Hong Kong Government 4%
Conversion Loan
1,520.00
Other Charges:-
Rent allowance
3,321.64
Allowance to Detectives
爷爷
Interest on Fixed Deposits
2,269.00
1,240.55
Medal allowance
1,332.00
Conservancy allowance
42.00
Interest on Current Account
520.42
Conveyance allowance &c.
786.84
Electric charges
915.69
Telephone rentals
585.00
Stationery, printing and stamps
463.75
Uniforms and equipments
2,795.76
Crown Rents
15.74
Repairs and fittings
72.73
Premium on Fire Policy
426.84
Gratuities and rewards
7,373.92
Sundries
826.77
21,227.68
Total...
189,469.10
Pensions:-
Ex. C. D. W. Chan Sham and others
Balance:-
Hong Kong Government 4% Conversion Loan Cash
Fixed Deposits (H.K. & Sh. Bk.)
Fixed Deposits (Treasury)
Advance to C. D. Ws.
Examined & Found correct.
S. W. T'SO,
泉右李
Members of D. W. Cee.
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
Hong Kong, 31st December, 1939,
Total Expenditure
Balance
$38,000.00
36,851.31
10,000.00
30,000.00
160.00
Total......... $115,011.31
2,420.45
74,457.79
115,011.31
Total......
189,469.10
R. A. C. NORTH,
S. O. A.
A. G. CLARKE,
A. S. C. A.
TANG MAN TUEN,
Manager, D.W.F.
+
C 21
Table VIII.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE NUMBER OF CASES OBTAINED BY THE DISTRICT WATCH FORCE FOR THE LAST THREE YEARS.
Offence.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Murder
1
Robbery
3
5
3
Burglary (or Arms)
4
7
4
Larceny
1,123
543
565
Larceny from person
364
372
361
Receiving stolen goods
53
34
22
Unlawful possession
165
92
61
Trafficking in children (or kidnapping)
17
Breach of Women and Girls Ordinance
8
Muitsai (Female Domestic Service Ordinance)
1
Obtaining by false pretences
26
10
15
Disorderly conduct
30
23
16
Loitering
21
8
8
Coinage offences
со
8
14
3
Deportation
Revenue offences
Gambling
Miscellaneous
77
33
77
114
40
57
38
13
8
14
20
28
Total....
2,067
1,214
1,228
C 22
Table IX.
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.
KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.
TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
INCOME.
Tung Wah
Kwong Wah
Tung Wah Eastern
Total
EXPENDITURE.
Tung Wah
Kwong Wah
Tung Wah Eastern
Total
Medical.
Government Grant
$149,500.00 $43,000.00
$27,500,00 $220,000.00 Personal Emoluments
$58,727.07
Bedding Blankets and Hospital Linen Patients Clothing
3,998.37
3,485.71
$48,723.24 3,589.83 3,133.14
$43,253,30 1,851.50 1,995.54
$150,703.61
9,439.70
8,614.39
Linen for Staff Quarters
486.62
Private Wards.—
Rent
Medicine
Provisions for Staff
14,668.36
465.70 12,987.54
72.00
1,024.32
11,346.79
39,002.69
Provisions for Patients
6,745.10
2,509.60
15,367.50
3,465.41
Provisions
1,328.80
1.65
14,080.95
10,397.17
5,414.30
40,225.36
32,495.21
19,445.45
36,193.55
92,166.02
Uniforms for Staff
2,982.64
2,143.46
1,810.61
6,936.71
Hospital Non-technical Equipments 16,372.18 Hospital Herbalists Supplies
Western Medicine 6,744.75 Chinese Medicine
1,617.95
989.22
1,905.59
4,512.76
1,061.31
1,093.98
270.70
2,425.99
10,014.60
18,738.14
11,250.21
40,002.95
32,417.81
36,310.90
33,612.26
102,340.97
Medicine Bottles
541.10
419.78
1,027.26
1,988.14
Sale of Chinese Medicine
6,925.62
6.60
P
6,932.22
Hospital Furniture
1,497.51
1,492.23
1,308.60
4,298.34
Quarters Furniture
999.02
1,422.96
2,605.84
5,027.82
Hire of Ambulance
364.50
5,043.00
2,804.50
Cleansing Materials & Disinfectants
1.888.40
956.88
551.51
8,212.00 Printing & Stationery
3,396.79
2,295.17
1,799.22
2,095.83
6,190.22
Laundry Expenses
5,259.13
4,946.83
3,217.82
13,423.78
Coal & Firewood
3,286.96
2,204.05
!
2,952.30
8,443.31
Donations:-
Charcoal
Electric Lights
3,683,00
1,848.80
1,830.95
7,362.75
6,287.27
5,138.33
2,995.32
14,420.92
General & Miscellaneous
19,145.27
Theatres and Photographers
960.00
Chinese Public Dispensary
12,604.66
2,360.00
4,303.80
17,984.38
Gas
49,734.31
7,697,83
3,593.69
3,421.26
14,712.78
Water Rates
1,028.42
560.62
2,320.00
3,909.04
Telephone Rent
1,282.86
879.70
890.40
3,320.00 Repairs to Hospital Buildings
3,052.96
17,993.62
13,559.75
8,725.85
40,279.22
Repairs to Coffin Home
6,085.00
6,085.00
4,303.80 Limewashing & Painting Hospital Buildings
Limewashing & Painting Coffin Home
5,960.00
7,000.00
5,586.00
18,546.00
2,353.00
2,353.00
Coffin Home
8,860.00
8,860.00 Coffin Expenses
18,728.88
21,184.81
5,813.99
45,727.68
Burial Expenses
7,506.41
4,072.80
1,868.95
13,448.16
Tomb Stones
1,169.20
1,275.05
274.00
2,718.25
Ambulance Expenses
396.65
1,695.30
1,860,37
3,952,32
Rents:-
Hospital Incidental Expenses
4,819,90
3,499.08
4,763.69
13,082.67
Repatriation of Patients
113.05
113.05
Properties
123,266.85
4,263.15
1,970.00
129,500.00 Telegrams & Advertising
143.00
143.00
Audit Fee for 3 Hospitals
750.00
750,00
Coffin Home
20,158.40
20,158.40 Hospital Technical Equipments
360.85
72.42
433,27
Pavilions
2,660.00
2,660.00
Charity.
Personal Emoluments
Medical
Total
$691,028,58
3.626.00
1.137.66
100 07
K 981 01
Coffin Home
20,158.40
20,158.40 Hospital Technical Equipments
360.85
72.42
433.27
Pavilions
2,660.00
2,660.00
Charity.
Medical
Total
$691,028.58
Iron Burners
2,406.00
1,710.00
Personal Emoluments 4,116.00 Provisions for Staff
3,626.00
1,137.66
498.25
5,261.91
619.70
461.71
Substitutes for sick leaves
93.30
1,174.71
123.16
105.62
Grant from Temple & General Charity Fund
10,382.94
8,000.00
18,382.94 Interest
104.95
333,73
607.57
607.57
Rates
16,525.44
148.32
Interest
7,200.22
2,684.00
2,600.00
12,484.22
Taxes
246.50
16,920.26
1,284.78
161.00
Insurance
35.00
1,480.78
542.51
542.51
Transportation of coffins
Water Rates
150.70
150,70
5,133.49
34.50
Fluss Maintenance
78.67
5,246.66
241.05
Miscellaneous Receipts
2,948.02
264.18
533.34
Repatriation of Distress Persons
30.60
271.65
19.00
3,745.54 Transportation and Unloading coffins and
19.00
remains from abroad
91.41
Proceeds from cash discount
Sale of Medicine Bottles
1,291.34
1,278.86
1,218.35
91.41
3,788.55 Stamps
336.10
11.00
159.20
232.02
135.90
527.12 Repairs of Iron Burners
Incidental expenses
Porcelain Portraits to Donors
1.00
348.10
102.00
102.00
430.00
26.00
456.00
76.65
Excess of Expenditure over Income
150,490.00
107,031.62
257,521.62
Pension
Repairs to General Properties (other than
Hospital Buildings)
76.65
5,571.49
345.55
54.90
5,971.94
3,500.50
Stamp Duty and Boundary Stone Charges for
3,500.50
New Crown Leases
946.44
69.00
Cheung Chow Hospital
1,015.44
100.00
100.00
Printing Subscription Books
126,92
Expenses for collecting subscriptions
104.75
231.67
616.41
Donations to other institutions
1,332.72
1,949.13
120.00
120.00
Special.
Charity
Total
$45,821.62
Expenses for Nurse Training School
174.88
181.99
356.87
Sewing Machine
160.00
160.00
160.00
480.00
Rewiring Hospitals
604.67
2,000.00
New Ambulance
515.00
3,119.67
4,380.00
4,380.00
One Hearse
4,380.00
13,140.00
4,380.00
Repairs to Sterilizer
4,380.00
100.00
100.00
Refrigerator
Typewriter
Repairs to Hospital Buildings
Fire Extinguishers
565.00 300,00 7,668.00 258.00
Motor Pump and Pipes
560.00
9,998.56
480.00
1,125.00
300.00
17,666.56
258.00
480.00
Surplus of Income over Expenditure
$356,579.62 $257,457.77 $199,670.51 $813,707.90
Special
Total
35,451,60
$356,579.62 $257,457.77 $199,670.51
$41,406.10 35,451.60
$813,707.90
Deficit:-
Kwong Wah Hospital
Tung Wah Eastern Hospital
Surplus:-
$150,490.00
107,031.62
$257,521.62
Tung Wah Hospital
$35,451.60
Difference being Excess of Expenditure over Income for the three Hospitals... $222,070.02
C 23
· Table X.
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.
KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.
TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.
BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
LIABILITIES.
1. SUNDRY CREDITOR:
€9
ASSETS.
(a) Deposits
1. CASH IN HAND
(b) Trade Accounts
$89,059.17
30,621.89
$
$3,677.42
119,681.06
2. SPECIAL FUNDS:-
2. H.K. & Shanghai Bank-current
account
(a) Kwong Fook Chi Free Girl School...
9,210.65
(b) Chinese medicine Fund
67,411.80
3. SUNDRY DEBTORS
11,292.81
5,547.25
(c) Relief Funds
120,746.63
(d) Emergency Fund
78,717.93
4. INVESTMENTS:
(e) Emergency Fund Interest accrued
19,992.85
(a) House Property
$1,550,000.00
296,079.86
}
4. General Reserve
3. SMALL POX HOSPITAL REALIZA-
TION FUND
(b) Mortgages
70,000.00
50,000.00
(c) Mortgages (Possession entered) ......
100,000.00
$1,298,204,47
1,720,000.00
5. HOSPITAL APPLIANCES
Amount received from Government to
31,605.14
cover losses:
for 1937
for 1938
Adjustments due to elimination of the
following items from the Balance Sheet:
150,000.00
100,000.00
Adjustments due to elimination of the
following items from the Balance Sheet:
Following Items shown as Liabilities
in last Balance Sheet:
STAFF PENSION FUND
SPECIAL REPAIR FUND
Following Items shown as Assets in
last Balance Sheet:
Chinese Medicine
$19,758.69
Western Medicine.... 2,165.45
92.19
10,724.89
$1,559,021,55
PROPERTY RENT
ACCRUED-less
amount collected
during the year
7,464.00
29,388.14
$1,529,633.41
Less Bad Debts written off... $1,201.69
Less loss for the year
222,070.02
223,271.71
1,306,361.70
$1,772,122.62
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Sd. CHAU SHIU NG, Chairman.
Sd. LO MIN NUNG, Director.
I report that I have audited the above Balance Sheet with the Books, Accounts and Vouchers of the Hospitals. Such Balance Sheet is, in my opinion, properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of the Hospitals' affairs as at 31st December, 1939, according to the best of my information and the explanations given to me and as shown by the Books of the Hospitals. I have obtained all the information and explanations I have required.
Sd. CHAU YUT U,
Auditor.
}
$1,772,122.62
Rent:-
Table XI.
MAN MO TEMPLE.
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
INCOME.
House Properties
$18,157.40
Temple
Government subsidy to Free Schools
Miscellaneous Receipts
CA
EXPENDITURE.
$
Free School expenses
$20,470.56
Repairs to House Properties and Free Schools
2,030.66
Rates, Crown Rent and Insurance
2,781.05
5,568.00
$23,725.40
Water account
1,014.04
8,265.00
Miscellaneous expenses
1,311.15
569.60 Surplus of Income over Expenditure
4,952.54
$32,560.00
$32,560.00
Č 24
General Reserve
LIABILITIES.
Add surplus of Income over Expenditure...
Table XII.
MAN MO TEMPLE (Contd.)
BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
ASSETS.
$140,846.79
House Properties
$143,300.00
4,952.54
Tung Wah Hospital-current account
2,499.33
$145,799.33
$145,799.33
$145,799.33
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Sgd. CHAU SHIU NG,
Chairman.
Sgd. LO MIN NUNG, Director.
I have audited the foregoing Balance Sheet with the books and vouchers and find it to be in accordance therewith.
Hong Kong, 19th April, 1940.
Sgd. CHAU YUT U, Auditor.
C 25
Table XIII.
THE FOLLOWING TABLE SHOWS THE COMPARATIVE EXPENDITURE UNDER CERTAIN HEADINGS AT TUNG WAH HOSPITAL,
KWONG WAH HOSPITAL AND TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL DURING 1939.
Hospitals.
Tung Wah Hospital. Kwong Wah Hospital. Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
...
Total
:
(For full details of income and expenditure see Tables IX and X).
Salaries &
wages.
$ 62,353.07
49,860.90
43,751.55
$155,965.52
Food for staff and patients.
$ 55,513.42
Western Medicine.
Chinese Medicine.
$10,014.60
45,944.46
30,885.54
18,738.14
$ 32,417.81
36.310.90
11,250.21
33,612.26
$132,343.42
$40,002.95
$102,340.97
Table XIV.
THE FOLLOWING TABLE SHOWS THE COMPARATIVE NUMBERS OF CASES TREATED AT TUNG WAH HOSPITAL,
KWONG WAH HOSPITAL AND TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL DURING THE YEAR 1939.
C 26
Western Medicine
Chinese Medicine
Hospitals.
Maternity Vaccina-
Eye
Baby
Death
In-patients.
Out-patients.
cases
tion
Clinic
Clinic
In-patients. Out-patients.
Tung Wah Hospital.
13,737
24,217
5,074
223,056
2,220
16,607
14,648
1,443
5.773
Kwong Wah Hospital.
21,092
26,366
4,314
214,554
4,913
10,647
3,838
464
9,492
Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
7,887
27,777
2,369
153,097
1,048
2,825
1,251
3,306
Total
42,716
78,360
11,757
590,707
8,181
30,079
19,737
1,907
18,571
阳具
Table XV.
蒲公施仁欸
BREWIN FUND.
- 千 九 百三十九年進支數
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
一九三八年
1938.
EXPENDITURE.
一九三八年
1938.
進欸
INCOME.
利息
支欸
卹欸
$8,279.55 | Interest
租項
$8,342.94
$8,032.00 | Gratuities
酬金
160.00 | Salaries
1,947.60 Rent
2,041.62
雜用
捐款
1,166.00 | Subscription
1,155.00
37.05 | Petty Expenses
除支盈餘
3,164.10 | Surplus of Income over Expenditure
$11,393.15
$11,539.56
$11,393.15
$8,635.00
160.00
64.68
2,679.88
$11,539.56
C 27
付項
欠欸
LIABILITIES.
Deposit
按業人來往數
Current accounts with the Mortgagors
積項
General Reserve
Table XVI.
蒲公施仁欸(續)
:
BREWIN FUND (Contd.)
一九三九年年結
BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
$193,178.62
存款
ASSETS.
屋宇
House Properties
$47,341.00
三百股 香港電燈公司
$1,749.63
300 Shares in the Hong Kong Electric Co., Ltd.
按業
17,115.12
Mortgages
82,000.00
按業(已封租)
Mortgages (Possession entered)
36,132.58
應收數項
121.39
Accounts Receivable
1,804.00
東華醫院來往數
Current accounts with the Tung Wah Hospital
2,041.62
上海銀行
Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank:---
活期存款
Current account
定期存款
Fixed Deposit
是年盈餘
Add Profit for the year
2,679.88
現銀
195,858.50
Cash in hand
$197,729.52
$7,566.76
1,749.63
9,316.39
1,978.81
$197,729.52
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital
and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Sd. CHAU SHIU NG,
Chairman.
C 28
付項
Deposit
欠欸
LIABILITIES.
按業人來往數
Current accounts with the Mortgagors
項
存款
ASSETS.
屋宇
House Properties
$47,341.00
三百股香港電燈公司
$1,749.63
300 Shares in the Hong Kong Electric Co., Ltd. 按業
17,115.12
Mortgages
82,000.00
按業(已封租)
Mortgages (Possession entered)
36,132.58
應收數項
121.39
Accounts Receivable
1,804.00
東華醫院來往數
Current accounts with the Tung Wah Hospital
2,041.62
上海銀行
Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank :--
活期存款
General Reserve
$193,178.62
是年盈餘
Current account
定期存款
Fixed Deposit
Add Profit for the year
2,679.88
現銀
195,858.50
Cash in hand
$197,729.52
.$7,566.76
1,749.63
9,316.39
1,978.81
C 28
$197,729.52
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital
and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Sd. CHAU SHIU NG,
Chairman.
LO MIN NUNG,
Director.
I have audited the foregoing Statement with the books and Vouchers and find it to be in accordance therewith.
以上數目及數部單據均經查核無訛
Sd. CHAU YUT U,
Hong Kong, 7th February, 1940.
Auditor.
Table XVII.
SUMMARY OF WORK DONE IN THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES DURING 1939.
ད
C 29
Patients.
Certi- ficates
Patients
Dispensaries.
New
Old Cases. Cases.
of cause of death
Patients sent to
removed
Corpses removed
Dead
to hosp.
to hosp.
infants Vaccina- brought
Gynaecological.
hospital. by ambu-
tion.
or mor-
to dis-
issued.
lance.
tuary.
pensary.
New Cases.
Old
Cholera Innocu- lation.
Cases.
Central
37,402 29,312
4
2
Nil
77
58
12,704
410
604
7,347
Eastern
23,962 35,753
1
1
377
370
13,715
609
1,089
9,733
Western
36,487
13,397
254
33
16
518
497
7,902
2,382
Shaukiwan
35,512
48,396
115
48
Nil
471
450
14,503
1,088
1,914
7,429
Aberdeen
12,427
11,533
204
60
ลง
Nil
Nil
2,537
397
401
3,927
Harbour and Yaumati
68,741
57,474
56
36
Nil
267
263
27,861
1,618
2,501 12,914
Shamshuipo
38,177
41,550
31
78
7
610
597 33,785
1,171
2,111
10,590
Hung Hom
20,682
9,702
70
149
2
315
307
19,199
504
842
4,448
Kowloon City
24,292 23,658
66
125
1
412
377 16,610
739
1,191
7,784
Total for 1939.....
297,682 270,775
808
532
29
3,047
2,919
148,816
6.536
10,653
66,554
Total for 1938...
275,423
250,907
265
624
49
178
2,242
159,205
5,683
8,640
Table XVIII.
WORK DONE IN GYNAECOLOGICAL CLINICS OF CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES IN 1939.
C 30
No. of clinics.
Total number.
New cases.
Old cases.
Average atten-
dance per day.
Dispensary.
New 1938.
Old 1939.
1938. 1939.
1938. 1939.
1938. 1939.
1938. 1939.
Central
Eastern
47
49
888
1,014
331
410
557
604
18.9
20.69
44
44
1,584
1,698
591
609
993
1,089
36.0
38.6
Shaukiwan
Aberdeen
Yaumati
Shamshuipo
96
888
98
2,628
3,002
929
1,088
1,699
1,914
27.3
30.6
45
48
688
798
355
397
333
401
15.3
16.6
96
98
3,263
4,119
1,425
1,618
1,838
2,501
34.0
42.
94
94
2,525
3,282
959
1,171
1,566 2,111
27.0
34.9
Hung Hom
48
47
963
1,346
430
504
533
842
20.6
28.64
Kowloon City
50
49
1,651 1,930
616
739
1,035 1,191
33.0
39.3
Kwong Wah Hospital
47
47
1,368 1,748
497
664
871
1,084
29.1
37.2
Total:-
567
574
15,558 18,937
6,133
7,200
9,425 11,737
27.4 33.00
Expenditure.
To Salaries to staff
Table XIX.
CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES FUND.
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Conveyance allowance to Doctors and clerks
C.
C.
48,088.51 | By Grants:
Income.
€
C.
$
C.
From Hong Kong Government
30,000.00
1,837.90
From General Chinese Charities Fund:
Annual
8,000.00
Rent allowance to clerks and shroffs
900.00
Additional
7,000.00
From
Chinese Recreation Ground
15,000.00
Pensions
780.00
Fund in respect of 1938
4,500.00
From Yaumati Public Square Fund in
Gratuities to coolies and messengers for
Chinese New Year
respect of 1938
500.00
210.00
་་
Grants outstanding: -
5,000.00
From Chinese Recreation Ground Fund
House rents for Aberdeen Dispensary
624.00
in respect of 1939
1,000.00
From Yaumati Public Square Fund in
17
Food for patients in Eastern Maternity
Hospital
respect of 1939 ....
4,000.00
2,176.37
From Chinese Temples Fund in respect
5,000.00
of 1939
600.00
Medicines
16,473.07
Donations from Theatres:
19
Medicines due
2,008.21
18,481.28
Bottles
176.43
Motor services for delivery of medicines ....
606.80
Electric and gas charge
.. Telephone rentals
2,174.12
Prince's Theatre..
Taiping
Pei Ho Po Hing Ko Shing
Lee Subscriptions:-
Victoria City
Shaukiwan
}}
);
1,200.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
400.00
120.00
120.00
3,840.00
11,738,95
1,705.25
1,358.50
Stationery, printing and stamps
Water account and Crown Rents
Uniform for coolies and messengers
Repairs
Sundries
2,177.16
553.47
Shamshuipo
Hunghom
Kowloon City
Aberdeen
Donation from
Hunghom
2,678.76
1,186.60
1,484.20
1,100.00
}}
369.25
Conservancy Contractor,
House rents from eight houses in Shek Kip
Mei Street, etc.
19,893.76
3,000.00
2,820.00
19
Fees from Eastern Maternity Hospital
3,511.90
1,321.20
Sales of bottles etc.
J
216.01
2,472.46
འ
14
f1.ཤ,4.1、、
Interest on:
Hong Kong Government 4% Conver-
sion Loan
440.00
Fixed Deposits (with H.K. & Sh.
C 31
C-31
Expenditure.
To Salaries to staff
Conveyance allowance to Doctors and clerks
$
C.
$
C.
Income.
$
C.
$
C.
48,088.51 By Grants:-
1,837.90
From Hong Kong Government
From General Chinese Charities Fund:
30,000.00
Rent allowance to clerks and shroffs
900.00
Annual Additional
8,000.00
7,000.00
From
Pensions
780.00
Chinese Recreation Ground Fund in respect of 1938 ....
15,000.00
4,500.00
Gratuities to coolies and messengers for
Chinese New Year
From Yaumati Public Square Fund in
respect of 1938
500.00
210.00
Grants outstanding:-
5,000.00
From Chinese Recreation Ground Fund
House rents for Aberdeen Dispensary
624.00
in respect of 1939
1,000.00
From Yaumati Public Square Fund in
71
Food for patients in Eastern Maternity
Hospital
respect of 1939
4,000.00
2,176.37
From Chinese Temples Fund in respect
5,000.00
of 1939
600.00
Medicines
16,478.07
Donations from Theatres :
""
Prince's Theatre...
1,200.00
Medicines due
2,008.21
18,481.28
Bottles
176.43
Motor services for delivery of medicines
606.80
19
Electric and gas charge
2,174.12
Taiping
Pei Ho
Po Hing Ko Shing Lee
Subscriptions:-
Victoria City
Shaukiwan
1,000.00
1,000.00
400.00
120.00
120.00
3,840.00
11,738.95
1,705.25
Shamshuipo
2,678.76
,. Telephone rentals
Stationery, printing and stamps
1,858.50
Hunghom
1,186.60
Kowloon City
1,484.20
2,177.16
Aberdeen
1,100.00
""
Donation from Conservancy Contractor,
19,893.76
Water account and Crown Rents
553.47
""
Hunghom
3,000.00
11
Uniform for coolies and messengers
,. Repairs
Sundries
Excess of Income over Expenditure for the
369.25
House rents from eight houses in Shek Kip
Mei Street, etc.
2,820.00
11
Fees from Eastern Maternity Hospital
3,511.90
1,321.20
Sales of bottles etc.
216.01
Interest on:
2,472.46
Hong Kong Government 4% Conver-
sion Loan
440.00
Fixed Deposits (with H.K. & Sh.
year
5,511.31
Bank)
400.00
Current Account (with Treasury)
97.09
Total......
89,818.76
Total...
937.09
89,818.76
泉 右 李
Member of Committee.
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
Expenditure.
Table XIX.
CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES FUND.
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
$
C.
C.
Income.
C.
C.
C-31
To Salaries to staff
48,088.51 By Grants:-
From Hong Kong Government
30,000.00
JA
Conveyance allowance to Doctors and clerks
1,887.90
From General Chinese Charities Fund:
Annual
Rent allowance to clerks and shroffs
"
900.00
Additional
8,000.00 7,000.00
From
Chinese Recreation
Ground
15,000.00
Pensions
780.00
Fund in respect of 1938
4,500.00
Gratuities to coolies and messengers for
Chinese New Year
From Yaumati Public Square Fund in
respect of 1938
500.00
210.00
Grants outstanding: ---
5,000,00
House rents for Aberdeen Dispensary
624.00
From Chinese Recreation Ground Fund
in respect of 1939
1,000.00
From Yaumati Public Square Fund in
1
Food for patients in Eastern Maternity
Hospital
respect of 1939
4,000.00
2,176.37
From Chinese Temples Fund in respect
5,000.00
of 1939
600.00
Medicines
13
16,473.07
Donations from Theatres:--
Prince's Theatre.
1,200.00
Medicines due
1
2,008.21
18,481.28
Bottles
1
176.43
17
Motor services for delivery of medicines
606.80
Electric and gas charge
2,174.12
Taiping
Pei Ho
Po Hing Ko Shing Lee Subscriptions:
Victoria City Shaukiwan
Shamshuipo
J"
#
77
1,000.00
1,000.00
400.00
120.00
120.00
3,840.00
11,788.95
1,705.25
2,678.76
4
Telephone rentals
1,358.50
Hunghom
1,186.60
Kowloon City
1,484.20
Stationery, printing and stamps
2,177.16
Aberdeen
1,100.00
77
Donation from Conservancy Contractor,
19,893.76
Water account and Crown Rents
39
553.47
11
Uniform for coolies and messengers
369.25
Hunghom
House rents from eight houses in Shek Kip
Mei Street, etc.
3,000.00
2,820.00
17
Fees from Eastern Maternity Hospital
3,511.90
Repairs
Sundries
1,821.20
2,472.46
Sales of bottles etc.
216.01
Interest on:-
Hong Kong Government 4% Conver-
sion Loan
440.00
Excess of Income over Expenditure for the
Fixed Deposits (with H.K. & Sh.
year
5,511.31
Bank)
400.00
Current Account (with Treasury)
97.09
Total.....
89,818.76
Total........
937.09
89,818.76
泉右李
Member of Committee.
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
LIABILITIES.
Table XX.
CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES FUND.
BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
$
C.
ASSETS.
Es
C.
C 32
Loans:
Cash (Current Account with Treasury)
2,160.07
Chinese Recreation Ground Fund
1,000.00
Fixed Deposits (with Hong Kong & Shanghai Bk.)
20,000.00
Yaumati Public Square Fund
12,500.00
Investment-Hong Kong Government 4% Conversion
Loan
11,000.00
General Chinese Charities Fund
4,000.00
Advance to Clerks
210.00
Outstanding expenses
2,008.21
Grants outstanding :--
Surplus
$13,950.55
Chinese Recreation Ground Fund....$1,000.00
Add surplus as per Income and
Expenditure Account
5,511.31
Yaumati Public Square Fund
4,000.00
19,461.86
Chinese Temples Fund
600.00
5,600.00
Co
38,970.07
38,970.07
!
泉右李
Member of Committee.
R. A. C. NORTH, Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
Table XXI.
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS OF THE CHINESE PERMANENT CEMETERY FOR 1939.
RECEIPT.
Amount.
$
C.
PAYMENT.
To Balance
"J
Interest from Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank
91
Interest from fixed deposit on mortgage of houses Wages from Dr. S. W. T'so for refilling vaults
"}
77
Registration fee handed in by Dr. S. W. T'so in respect of
transfer of ownership of certain burial sites
Money collected and handed in by Dr. S. W. T'so on account
of registration fee for probates and letters of administration... Sale of 358 lots
Sale of the spare ground of the Cemetery
Money for 6 lots booked at the Tsun Wan Permanent
Cemetry
154,186.28
By Rent of telephone
11
1,240.74 Wages for Yuen Cheung, Ip Ka and gardeners 1,996.00 890.00
24.00
16.00
34,800.00 1,779.00
17
11
9,000.00
Travelling expenses for Mr. Tso Tsun On for ten months Wages for Chau Wan Kok etc.
Construction of the embankment and the joss paper burner
and repairs of roads and the sewage and making numbered stone tablets etc. by Yeung Tam Kee Flower pots, manure, water buckets and bamboo brooms Paper and printed matters
Cost of advertisement by the English and the Chinese press... Payment made to the Architect, Mr. Siu Ho Ming for cost
of a plan for the Tsun Wan Permanent Cemetery and travelling expenses
Amount.
$
C.
189.00
1,654.80
500.00
480.00
16,809.09
117.58
44.25
108.25
1,516.20
Construction of the Tsun Wan Permanent Cemetery by the
Wo Hing Contractor
40,000.00
ور
33
Three road signs by the Tak Luen Contractor Stamps
48.00
34.00
17
Crown Rent of the Cemetery, the wharf and the site for the
matshed
5.75
Balance
་
142,425.10
Total...
.$
203,932.02
Total......
203,932.02
By deposit with Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank
fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 2A High Street fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 8A Babington Path... Cash
S. W. TSO, Secretary.
T. N. CHAU, Treasurer.
$114,367.22 8,000.00 20,000.00
57.88
$142,425.10
Examined and found correct.
(Sgd.) IP LAN CHUEN,
Auditor.
C 33
To Balance
Rents of stalls
12
Interest
Receipts.
Table XXII.
CHINESE RECREATION GROUND FUND
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS FOR 1939.
Money refunded from the Taipo Orphanage (being mainten-
ance of nine boys in the Orphanage)
C.
Payments.
€9
C.
1,265.40
16,307.40
Water account
11
23.87
23
280.00
By Wages of watchmen, etc.
Consumption of gas
Repairs
Miscellaneous
1,015.00
234.77
297.00
26.50
39.61
91
,་
Aberdeen Industrial School:
Contribution for maintenance
$7,100.00
Additional contribution
598.00
Contribution of balance of $10,000 grant for
machinery
3,202.00
10,900.00
Contribution to Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund in respect
of 1938
4,500.00
Balance: Cash
"}
.$848.79
Lessee's deposit
15.00
863.79
Total..........
17,876.67
Total..
17,876.67
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
C 34
To Balance
"J
Rents of stalls
Receipts.
Interest on Current Account with Treasury
Total
:
Table XXIII.
YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE FUND
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS FOR 1939.
:
:
:
C.
1,355.91
10,027.70
18.33
Payments.
By Wages of watchmen etc.
11,401.94
Water Account
Electric lights...
Crown Rent
""
>>
Repairs
Miscellaneous
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
⠀
:
:
÷
:
:
C.
956.00
134.15
...........
10.76
1.00
188.86
55.35
C 35
11
Contribution to Aberdeen Industrial School ...
7,900.00
21
Contribution to Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund in
respect of 1938
500.00
,,
Advance to Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund.
1,500.00
Balance
155.82
Total
11,401.94
R. A. C. NORTH, Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
To Balance:
Receipts.
Table XXIV.
PASSAGE MONEY FUND.
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS FOR 1939.
€A
$
c.
On Fixed Deposits ...
$6,250.00
Current Account with Treasury
195.57
Passage Money
Miscellaneous
:
:
:
:
27
Interest:
On Fixed Deposits...
Current Account
Total
:
:
$ 182.94
Payments.
By Gratuities of passage etc. to destitutes
31
Subscription to Eyre Refuge
Miscellaneous
Refund of passage money
6,445.57
1,752.40
7.85
多多
18.20
201.14
:
8,406.96
€
:
:
:
:
:
:.
:
:
:
:
÷
e.
279.98
129.02
1.25
476.00
C 36
On Fixed Deposits
$6,250.00
Current Account with Treasury
1,270.71
7,520.71
Balance:
Total
:..
:
8,406.96
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
Receipts.
Table XXV.
GENERAL CHINESE CHARITIES FUND.
STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS FROM 1ST JANUARY TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
C.
$
C.
Expenditure
To Balance
Surplus money transferred from:
Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan
:
150.00
500.00
20,520.99
By grants to:
Tung Wah Hospital for expenses
Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund for expenses
Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children
Children's Playground Association...
Home for the Aged
...
St. John Ambulance Brigade for New Territories
medical work & Haw Par Hospital for 1939 ...
Tung Wah & Associated Hospitals ...
$
C.
$ C.
27,240.65
8,000.00
500.00
200.00
1
800.00
500.00
.. 121,000.00
Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund for expenses
Po Leung Kuk for expenses ...
30,000.00
10,000.00
161,000.00
Tai O Kaifong for the upkeep of a fire-engine for
1939.
...
...
...
72.00
Hung Shing Temple, Waitsai ...
3,597.64
Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau
350.00
Hau Wong Temple, Tai O
272.00
Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati
1,665.65
Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan
400.00
Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan
2,979.16
Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau
...
200.00
Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati
...
4,874.00
Hung Shing Temple, Cheung Chau Island
50.00
Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
500.00
Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai
1,750.00
Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
400.00
...
Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan
Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo
Pak Tai Temple, Hok Un, Hunghom Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Island Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo
Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen
Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island
Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan
Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung
Tin Hau Temple, Tsing I Island
Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati
-
Tin Hau Temple, Hoi Chung Sum, Tokwawan To Ti Temple, Shaukiwan
Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay
Transfer of interest from Chinese Temples Fund. Grant from Hong Kong Government.
..t
Amount refunded by Chinese Temples Fund. Amount refunded by Chinese Public Dispensaries
Fund. Interest
...
Total
:
:
150.00 1,100.00
50.00
6,124.20
•
50.00 50.00 300.00
31,362.65 477.84
161,000.00 2,500.00
7,000.00
344.31
223,205.79
50.00
350.00
300.00
2,250.00
600.00
}"
700.00
750.00
200.00
150.00
350.00
150.00
13
Cheung Chau Kaifong for the expenses of the Kaifong Fong Pin Sho for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd quarters of 1939. ...
150.00
"1
Cheung Chau Kaifong for improvement of the water
supply etc.
1,457.00
"}
Special grant to Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund to write off the total $7,000.00 loaned on 24.10.1938 and 24.11.1938...
7,000.00
72
Amount loaned to Chinese Public Dispensaries
Fund.
4,000.00
Balance
17
12,286.14
Total
C 37
223,205.79
(Sd.) TANG SHIU KIN,
Chinese Temples Committee.
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
C 38
Table XXVI,
CHINESE TEMPLES FUND.
STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS FROM 1ST JANUARY TO 31ST DECEMBER,
1939.
Receipts.
C.
Expenditure.
C.
To Balance
27,155,20
Rent from Temple Keepers of:-
By maintenance of Chinese Public School in Kowloon City
Grants to:-
5,342.46
Lok Shin Tong, Kowloon City
300.00
Che Kung Temple, Shatin
2,232.00
Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City
125.00
The Kaifong of Hung Hom for the expenses of the Free School in
Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Ilom
1,200.00
Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan
1,327.00
Ping Chau Free School
140.00
Ilau Wong Temple, Kowloon City
12,475.00
Hau Wong Temple, Tai O
450,00
The Villagers of Po Kong for the maintenance of the ancestral temple (Tin Hau Temple) there for 1939
50.00
Hung Shing Temple, Wantsai
3,597.64
1,690.00
Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati
1,665.65
llung Shing Temple, Tai O
50.00
Expenses for holding theatrical performances at:-
Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau
960.00
Kowloon City
500.00
Hung Shing Temple, Cheung Chau Island
120.00
Aplichau
500.00
Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati
4,874.00
Cheung Chau Island
1,000.00
Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan
2,979.16
Ma Tau Chung
50.00
Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom
3,650.00
Shamshuipo
300.00
Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan
540.00
Shatin
300.00
Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau
320.00
Tai O
200.00
Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
630.00
2,850.00
Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom
175.00
19
Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai
2,880.00
Annual subscription to Confucius Society for expenses of the Free School at
Yuk Hui Kung, Wantsai
520.00
Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Island
3,360.00
Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
1,551.75
Repairs to:-
818.00
Tin Hau Temple, Fat Tong Mun
3,200.00
Hung Shing Temple, Tai O
Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo She Tan, Hunghom
Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati
Shing Wong Temple, Bridges Street
Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi
Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung
Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan
To Ti Temple, Lan Kwai Fong
To Ti Temple, Shaukiwan
Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen
80.00
6,124,20 2,800.00
⚫ 562.50 2,500.00 1,120.00 100.00
Kwun Yum Temple, Hunghom
Tin Hau Temple, Tokwawan
Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan
1,765.00
720.00
14.00
4.00
160.00
Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi
255.00
2,918.00
Transfer to General Chinese Charities Fund
31,840.49
40.00
580.00
"
Refund of deposits as security to the Temple Keepers of:-
Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island
183.80
Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung
175.00
Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan
1,001.00
Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung
12.50
Tin Hau Temple, Tokwawan
170.00
Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City
2,116.50
Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung
600,00
Tin Hau Temple, Hoi Chung Sum, Tokwawan
814.00
Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo
1,288.00
Tin Hau Temple, Tsing I Island
35.00
Tin Hau Temple, Stanley
114.00
Tin Hau Temple, Fat Tong Mun
237.50
Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom
Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Island
Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan
Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung
Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen
83.75
550.00
500.00
109.00
71.50
65.00
Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay
381.00
Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island
37.90
3,721,15
66,711.20
House Rents:-
Property of Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City
31
**
"1
Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan
986.50
624.47
Rent in respect of Nos. 33 & 35 Bridges Street (Shing Wong Temple) from
3.12.1938-2.12.1939 at $160.00 per month
1,920.00
1
Rent in respect of No. 4 Lan Kwai Fong (To Ti Temple) from January to
December, 1939
60.00
1,610.97
"1
Grant from Educational Department for Chinese Public School, Kowloon City Interest
""
1,440.00
Architect's fee for services rendered in supervising of repairs to temples
Advertisement
469.90
154.00
546.67
Rates
"1
138.12
Crown rent
""
98.39
19
Water account
68.42
""
Meter rental
20.00
Stationery and printing
18.30
"
Revenue stamps
15,90
"
Cost of material etc. for fixing D/S. water meters to No. 22 Kak Hang Tsun
Road, ground, first and second floors
41.96
"
Refund of advance payment to General Chinese Charities Fund
2,500.00
Balance
43,076.95
Total......
97.464.04
Total............$
97,464.04
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
(Sd.) TANG SHIU KIN,
Chinese Temples Committee.
1
To Balance
Contributions:
Receipts.
Annual-From Chinese Recreation Ground
Fund ...
From Yaumati Public Square Fund
Additional From Chinese Recreation
Ground Fund
Balance of the grant of $10,000 for machinery-From Chinese Recrea- tion Ground Fund
School fees
Less refund
Table XXVII.
ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL ACCOUNT. STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS FOR 1939.
Refund from Manager of
of the Aberdeen Industrial School (being purchase money of machinery)
C.
Payments.
€
C.
17.81
By Maintenance allowance to the School Management
Machinery
Less rebate on freight
22,500.00
$5,886.11
4.19
$7,100.00
7,900.00
71
Installation of hot-water system for shower baths...
5,881.92
864.58
15,000.00
11
Travelling expenses for students
:
598.00
Crown Rents
"
"
Water account
3,202.00
17
Receipt stamps
$6,695.00
Miscellaneous
31
50.00
Balance
""
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
÷
:
:
157.40
47.00
95.00
7.40
56.07
:
53.44
6,645.00
Total
...
• di
:
:
4,200.00
29,662.81
Total
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
29,662.81
C
$39
Appendix D.
REPORT OF THE HARBOUR MASTER AND DIRECTOR OF
AIR SERVICES FOR THE YEAR 1939.
The year 1939 showed an increase in the number of ships using the Port of Hong Kong but a further decrease in the tonnage. Details of the
Details of the comparison between the years 1938 and 1939 will be found in Table II.
2. Vessels employed in foreign trade entering and clearing showed a net decrease of 789 vessels and 333,918 tons, while local shipping showed a net increase of 8,399 vessels and an increase of 269,110 tons.
3. British ocean-going shipping showed a decrease of 332 in numbers with a decrease of 1,251,971 tons.
4. Foreign ocean-going shipping showed an increase of 611 vessels with an increase of 1,215,467 tons.
5. The river steamer trade showed a net increase of 834 vessels and 62,262 tons. Foreign river steamers have increased by 226 in numbers and 112,956 tons, but British river steamers increased by 608 vessels and decreased by 50,694 tons. The large increase in the British river steamers is due to the increase of small ships on the Hong Kong to Macao service, while the larger river steamers have been forced to lay up.
6. The junk trade given in Tables IX to XI shows decreases in numbers and tonnage for foreign trade but increases in numbers and tonnage for local trade.
The decreases in foreign trade may be attributed to the continued Sino- Japanese conflict and the increase in local trade to a larger number of vessels being confined to trading within local waters for the same reason.
7. In steamships not exceeding 60 tons there are decreases in numbers and tonnage for foreign trade but increases in numbers and tonnage for local trade. The decreases in foreign trade and increases in local trade may as in the case of junks be attributed to the continued Sino-Japanese conflict.
8. On the 31st December, 1939, there were 230 launches and 216 motor boats employed in the harbour; of these 362 were licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 24 steam launches and 25 motor boats belonged to the Colonial Government, two steam launches, one steel motor barge and two motor launches belonged to the Military Authorities and nine steam launches, two diesel launches, eight steam pinnaces and eleven motor boats belonged to the Naval Authorities. There are also a number of motor yachts and motor boats owned for pleasure and private purposes.
Of the 362 vessels licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 172 were licensed for class I, 65 for class II, 54 for class III and 71 for class IV.
9. 491 engagements and 509 discharges of coxswains and engineers were recorded.
10. The passenger trade and the number of emigrants departing from and arriving at this port are shown. in Tables XXII to XXVIII.
11. Details of bunker coal and oil fuel shipped which will be found in Table XXIX show a decrease of 3,388 tons in bunker coal and an increase of 17,191 tons of fuel oil as compared with 1938.
D 2
12. The nationality of crews in British and foreign shipping using the port is shown in Table VII.
13. 31 ships were registered under the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Acts and 13 certificates of registry were cancelled. Details are given in Tables XX and XXI. The fees collected amounted to $2,935.00 as compared with $2,969.00 in 1938.
14. 27,834 seamen were engaged and 28,096 discharged at the Mercantile Marine Office and on board ships as compared with 30,222 engaged and 29,227 discharged in 1938.
15. 151 seamen were received and admitted to the Sailors' Home and boarding houses; of these the following were repatriated as distressed British sea- men:-35 to the United Kingdom, 41 to Calcutta, one to Bombay, one to Colombo, three to Sydney, two to Melbourne, one to Durban, three to Vancouver, two to Manila and four to Singapore; 12 were re-employed in ships being signed on Articles, one taken over by the Danish Consulate, one taken over by the Naval Authorities, 42 obtained employment in the Colony and one died whilst in charge.
16.
$4,056.96 was expended by the Harbour Master on behalf of the Board of Trade in the relief of these distressed seamen.
17. The Mercantile Marine Assistance Fund Committee held no meetings during the year, all business being dealt with by circulating the necessary papers to members. Two cases were granted relief throughout 1939 whilst nine were given temporary relief for periods varying from three to six months. Two officers were repatriated to Australia. The total sum disbursed was $5,272.12 which includes $1,016.36 for passages.
18. A statement of the surveys and examinations carried out by the Principal Surveyor of Ships and his staff is set out in Table XXX. The vessels surveyed for passenger certificates totalled 95 of 403,773 tons gross as compared with 97 of 407,428 tons gross in 1938, showing a decrease of two vessels of 3,655 tons.
19. 53 vessels were surveyed at Taikoo dockyard, 35 at Kowloon dockyard, five at Cosmopolitan dockyard and two at Chinese shipyards.
20. The following is a comparison of tonnage and nationalities of the various vessels granted passenger certificates at Hong Kong during the year 1939.
79 vessels of 364,822 tons gross
British
Norwegian
Danish
12
""
French
3
1
21. Passenger certificates were
29,607
7,763
"
""
1,581
Passenger and Safety.
issued for the following trades:-
International voyages 18
Short
42
""
""
""
""
Coasting voyages
23
River trade
2
"
""
Class III
River trade
10
22. Four vessels of 25,452 tons (gross) were surveyed and granted bottom certificates during the year as compared with one vessel of 3,113 tons (gross) in 1938.
}
-
D3-
23. 85 passenger vessels and 91 cargo ships were surveyed for radio- telegraphy certificates during the year as compared with 79 passenger and 70 cargo vessels in 1938.
24. 86 vessels of which 58 were British and 28 foreign were surveyed for emigration certificates as compared with 74 vessels in 1938.
25. 27 vessels were surveyed for load lines as compared with 39 in 1938; of these 15 were British vessels registered in Hong Kong and 12 foreign.
26. 81 new lifeboats and 80 units of standard buoyant apparatus were surveyed during construction at the makers' works as compared with 152 and 216 respectively in 1938.
27. 11,668 new lifejackets were examined and stamped at the makers' works as compared with 14,925 in 1938.
28. 578 surveys were carried out on steam launches and motor boats during the year as compared with 606 in 1938.
29. One Marine Court of Enquiry was held during the year:-
On the 2nd and 3rd November to enquire into the circumstances attending the loss of the British S.S. "New Mathilde" Official Number 152087 Hong Kong.
30. 466 cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court during the year. The principal offences were, boarding ships without the permission of the master, lying inshore during prohibited hours without a permit, approaching within 30 yards of a ship flying the "S" flag over the code pennant, failing to exhibit regulation lights and leaving port without a clearance or permit.
31. Examinations for certificates of competency as masters, mates and engineers were held under Board of Trade regulations. Thirty-four candidates were examined for master, fifteen passed. Eight were examined for first mate, two passed. Nine candidates were examined for first class engineer (ordinary) six passed. Six were examined for second class engineer (ordinary) three passed. Two candidates were examined for first class motor endorsement, one passed, whilst the other passed for second class motor endorsement only. Two candidates were examined for second class engineer (ordinary) endorsement, and both passed.
32. Under section 37 of Ordinance 10 of 1899, 81 candidates were examined for certificates as coxswains and 67 passed. 107 were examined as engineers and 100 passed.
33. There were no applications for examination for pilots' licences but 24 licences were renewed.
34. 2,348 Sunday cargo working permits were issued during the year, of which 228 were used for working from midnight to 6 a.m., 977 from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. and 308 from 6 p.m. to midnight, the remainder being returned as unused and cancelled.
35. Table XXXII gives details of vessels signalled, etc. at the lighthouses and signal stations.
36.
Government moorings were used during the year as follows:——
A class
B class
C class
3,250 days.
6,257 days.
411 days.
D 4
In addition, these were used by Naval vessels and transports for 244 days.
The following moorings were in position at the end of the year:---
A class 17, B class 27 and C class 4, a total of 48 including 12 special typhoon A class moorings.
Permission was granted for the maintenance of 50 private buoys and moorings and the fees received amounted to $2,755.00.
37. The revenue XXXIII and XXXIV. compared with 1938. visiting the port.
and expenditure of the department are shown in Tables Light dues for 1939 show an increase of $2,872.81 when The increase can only be attributed to more tonnage
་
38. Increases are shown under a few sub-heads of revenue, the largest being under the headings Boat licences, Junk licences, and rent of Government property, this latter increase is attributable to the fact that Kai Tak storage fees previously collected by the Treasury are now brought to account by this de- partment.
The net decrease over the whole year when compared to 1938 is $95,337.52 which is doubtless due to the Sino-Japanese hostilities and present conditions pertaining in Europe.
39. Details of licences, etc. issued and revenue collected will be found in Tables XXXVII to XXXIX.
40. The Government slipway and coaling depôt at Yaumati was kept busy throughout the year in routine slipping, repairing and fueling of Government
craft.
8,215 tons of coal were received and 8,380 tons were delivered (including deliveries of stock at end of 1938).
8,000 gallons of kerosene were received and 7,659 gallons were delivered.
10,000 gallons of petrol were received and 10,742 gallons were delivered (including deliveries from stock at end of 1938).
2,358.75 tons of bunker fuel oil were received and delivered.
105 tons of power diesel oil were received and 104 tons were delivered.
41. Government launches were slipped, aggregating eighty-seven times at
regular intervals during the year and the slip was occupied 332 days.
42. A short summary of the facilities offered by the port of Hong Kong is attached.
11th March, 1940.
G. F. HOLE,
Harbour Master.
D 5-
AIR SERVICES 1939.
1. The slight decrease in traffic for 1939 as compared with statistics for 1938 is due mainly to (1) the Japanese occupation of Canton and Hankow in December, 1938, and the subsequent reduction of the daily schedules, (2) suspension of the all-up mail and temporary dislocation of Empire route services through the outbreak of hostilities in Europe. Since the Japanese occupied Hankow and the neighbouring territory, the services to Chungking have been reduced and the flights undertaken by night. The suspension of the all-up mail service has resulted in a big drop in mail figures as well as a curtailment in the schedules of Imperial Airways.
are:
Five air line companies still maintain a regular service from the airport; they
(1) Imperial Airways to Bangkok
(2) Air France to Paris via Hanoi
(3) China National Aviation Corporation to Chungking, Hanoi and
Rangoon
(4) Eurasia to Chungking via Kweilin
(5) Pan American Airways to San Francisco.
GOODWILL FLIGHTS.
2. These were undertaken by JU-52 aircraft of the Deutsche Lufthansa from Berlin to Tokyo via Hong Kong. The first machine-D-ANJH-arrived in May and carried 11 passengers; it passed through the airport on the return flight. The second aircraft-D-AGAK-arrived in August with 4 passengers for Hong Kong; it likewise passed through the airport on the return journey but has been held up in Bangkok owing to the outbreak of the war in Europe.
FAR EAST FLYING TRAINING SCHOOL.
3. The school had a fairly active year in both the flying and engineering departments. The outbreak of hostilities in Europe and the subsequent mobilisa- tion of the flying instructors curtailed the activities of the flying section to a certain degree during the latter part of the year. Two out of the five machines in service were badly damaged, but the remaining three maintained a continuous training both for private pupils as well as for members of the Volunteer Air Arm. A total of 1691 hours was flown by the school; 16 pupils obtained “A' flying licences and 2 pupils obtained "B" flying licences.
flying licences. In the enginecring section 10 students passed the examinations for Government certificates.
AERODROME EQUIPMENT.
4. The equipment was substantially increased during 1939. The 6 K.W. shadow-bar landing floodlight on the roof of the control tower was re-erected after having been badly damaged in the September, 1937 typhoon. A weigh- bridge for aircraft up to 35 tons was installed on the north side of the hangar. A Dines pressure tube anemograph was erected in the administration building for recording direction and force of winds up to 200 m.p.h. Four "Short" rubber buoys were delivered in March to augment the marine equipment, and a "Smoke Wind Indicator" delivered at the end of the year will be installed early in 1940. Five further stores are in the process of building at present to cope with the urgent demand for further accommodation by the operating companies. The hangar annexe was extensively re-wired and converted into workshops for China National Aviation Corporation and Eurasia.
D 6
METEOROLOGICAL FLIGHTS.
5. These are undertaken daily by the Far East Flying Training School and provide valuable information to the observatory staff in the forecasting of weather and the construction of tepligrams. An observatory official is stationed at the airport to provide weather maps and meteorological reports for both incoming and outgoing aircraft.
STATISTICS.
6. Revenue, expenditure and figures for the year under review are given in Tables XXXIX to LII.
11th March, 1940.
G. F. HOLE,
Director of Air Services.
•
A
- D 7
FACILITIES OF THE PORT OF HONG KONG.
The harbour of Hong Kong forms a natural anchorage for a great number of vessels. During the typhoon season there are special moorings and anchorages to which vessels can move with immunity from danger. There are available the latest type of steam fire-floats, and the harbour is efficiently patrolled day and night by water police launches. Competent pilots are available to meet vessels at either entrance of the harbour by day or by night.
2. All the buoys in the harbour are owned by the Government. There are 48 in all, 17 "A" class for ships from 450 ft. to C00 ft. in length, 27 "B" class for ships from 300 ft. to 450 ft. in length, and 4 "C" class for ships of less than 300 ft. in length. The charges are $16, $12 and $8 per day respec- tively.
3. The wharf and godown companies have berthing accommodation for 12 vessels from 650 to 750 feet in length. Maximum depth of water alongside the wharves is 36 feet L.W.O.S.T.
4. Fresh water pipes are laid alongside.
5. There is a total storage capacity in the Colony for approximately 883,000 tons, of which 537,000 can be stored in Victoria on the Island of Hong Kong and 346,000 on the mainland at Kowloon point. The three largest public ware- house companies have storage capacity for 99,100 tons on the Hong Kong side and for 407,400 tons on the Kowloon side, the remainder being divided up between the numerous native owned warehouses of small capacity in both Hong Kong and Kowloon.
6. Owing to the Sino-Japanese conflict, there are now only intermittent sailings to coast ports of Southern China and curtailed sailings with passengers only for Canton.
There are frequent sailings to ports in the Far Eastern trade as well as to overseas ports.
7. Ample bunkering facilities are provided by private stocks of coal averaging 60,000 tons, of which about one third is North China coal, and the remainder Japanese and Formosan.
8. The average stock of fuel oil for commercial bunkering is 55,000 tons. One oil company has berthing facilities for 2 vessels and another company for 1 vessel alongside the oil installation, with a water depth of 28 feet and 23 feet L.W.O.S.T. respectively. Delivery can be given up to 600 tons an hour from wharf and 350 tons an hour from lighters.
9. There are two large dock companies with dry docks capable of taking vessels up to 750 feet on the blocks. The docks have a depth on the sills up to 34 feet 6 in. H.W.O.S.T. In addition there are five patent slipways capable of handling ships up to 390 feet in length and 4,000 tons displacement.
There are several smaller yards mostly owned by Chinese, dealing with repairs to small craft and light work.
10. The principal dock companies have adequate facilities for the construc- tion of ships of large tonnage, and for the prompt effecting of extensive repairs. There is also a thoroughly up-to-date salvage plant, and tugs are available.
11. A waterboat company, drawing its water from Government reservoirs, has a fleet of eight vessels and there are three other smaller companies operating five vessels, carrying from 200 to 270 tons each.
D8
12. The harbour has a depth ranging from 24 to 78 feet L.W.O.S.T. The rise of tide is about eight feet O.S.T.
13. There are no tonnage ducs.
14.
The Government imposes light dues of two and four-tenth cents per ton on all ocean ships, and nine-tenth of a cent per ton on all river steamers which enter the waters of the Colony. The sterling value of the above rates at $1=1s./8d. is converted back into dollars at the average opening selling rate on London for the previous month.
15. Charges for permission for ships of 400 to 5,000 tons, and over, to work cargo on Sunday are as follows:-
From midnight to 6 a.m.
From 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.
From 6 p.m. to midnight
$25 to $ 87.50
$50 to $175.00
$25 to $ 87.50
16. A large number of motorboats, steam launches and sampans are available for communication between ships at buoys and the shore. A frequent service of ferry launches is maintained between Hong Kong Island and all parts of the mainland, and also a vehicular ferry service from Hong Kong to Kowloon.
17. The Government maintain a commercial wireless telegraph station at Cape D'Aguilar which has an average day range of 500 miles, and a night range of 1,500 miles. Continuous watch is kept.
TABLE I.
Summary of Arrivals and Departures of All Vessels.
D 9
1938
1939
FOREIGN TRADE
Vessels
Tons
Crews
Vessels
Tons
Crews
British ships entered
5,111
8,953,525
428,956
5,251
8,293,568
405,134
British ships cleared
5,123
8,954,575
424,615
5,259
8,311,867
400,855
Foreign ships entered
1,836
5,431,258
157,472
2,258
6,123,400
192,217
Foreign ships cleared
1,838
5,475,450
158,845
2,253
6,111,731
192,390
Steamships under 60 tons entered
788
24,365
10,011
471
16,209
11,000
Steamships under 60 tons cleared
797
24,559
10,216
489
16,628
11,262
Junks entered
4,609
329,899
36,671
4,154
156,876
31,116
Junks cleared
4,568
336,753
36,153
3,746
166,187
30,843
Total of all vessels entered
12,344
14,739,047
633,110
12,134
14,590,053
639,467
Total of all vessels cleared
12,326
14,791,337
629,829
11,747
14,606,413
635,350
Total of all vessels entered and cleared in Foreign Trade
24,670
29,530,384
1,262,939
23,881
29,196,466
1,274,817
LOCAL TRADE
British steamships over 60 tons entered British steamships over 60 tons cleared Foreign steamships over 60 tons entered
10
1,730
502
10
1,730
502
51
13,051
2,551
Total steamships entered and cleared
Foreign steamships over 60 tons cleared
Steamlaunches entered
53
13,422
2,942
124
29,933
6,497
9,533
325,965
115,855
12,414
403,829
156,554
Steamlaunches cleared
9,539
327,660
115,917
12,433
400,947
160,876
Total launches entered and cleared
19,072
653,625
231,772
24,847
804,776
317,430
Junks entered
11,381
413,004
93,973
12,537
426,271
108,047
Junks cleared
11,884
365,743
98,461
13,228
440,502
110,773
Total junks entered and cleared
23,265
778,747
192,434
25,765
866,773
218,820
Total Local Trade, (Steamships, launches & junks entered & cleared).
42,337
1,432,372
424,206
50,736
1,701,482
542,747
Grand Total, (Foreign and Local Trade)
67,007
30,962,756
1,687,145
74,617
30,897,948
1,817,564
TABLE II.
Comparison Between the Years 1938 and 1939 of All Shipping entering and clearing at Ports in the Colony.
D 10
1938.
1939.
Decrease.
Increase.
Class of Vessels.
No.
Tonnage
No.
Tonnage
No. Tonnage
No.
Tonnage
British Ocean Going
3,996
11,397,133 3,664
10,145,162
332 1,251,971
Foreign Ocean Going
3,132
10,787,599 3,743
12,003,066
611
1,215,467
British River Steamers
6,238
6,510,967 6,846
6,460,273
50,694
608
Foreign River Steamers
542
119,109
768
232,065
226
112,956
Steamships under 60 tons
1,585
48,924
960
32,837
625
16,087
Junks, Foreign Trade
9,177
666,652 7,900
323,063
1,277
343,589
Total, Foreign Trade
24,670
29,530,384
23,881
29,196,466
2,234
1,662,341
1,445
1,328,423
Steamships over 60 tons Local Trade
124
29,933
124
29,933
Steamlaunches, Local Trade
19,072
653,625 24,847
804,776
5,775
151,151
Junks, Local Trade
23,265
778,747
25,765
866,773
2,500
88,026
Grand Total
67,007
30,962,756
74,617
30,897,948
2,234.
1,662,341
9,844
1,597,533
Net
64,808 7,610
TABLE III,
Number, Tonnage, and Crews, of Foreign-Going Vessels entered at Ports in the Colony of Hong Kong from each Country in the Year 1939.
BRITISH.
D 11
FOREIGN.
GRAND TOTAL.
COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.
[
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Australia & Pacific Islands including New Zealand
32
113,570
4,028
18
68,136
1,909
50
181,706
5,937
British North Borneo
26
49,778
2,514
15
25,692
1,182
41
75,470
3,696
Canada
29
294,021
12,693
1
2,694
30
30
296,715
12,723
India, including Mauritius
95
333,710
11,412
50
105,064
3,086
145
438,774
14,498
South Africa
8
29,038
485
11
78,994
2,013
19
107,032
2,498
Straits Settlements & F. M. S.
35
73,360
3,642
38
98,137
2,908
73
171,497
6,550
United Kingdom
136
689,848
14,038
8
44,583
1,138
144
734,431
15,176
China
813
1,433,312
74,317
569
1,238,990
50,292
1,382
2,672,302
124,609
(River Steamers)
30
42,558
2,907
4
408
104
34
42,966
3,011
(Steamships under 60 tons)
27
948
343
27
948
343
""
(Junks)
3,984
102,601
28,816
3,984
102,601
28,816
Denmark
I
6,329
103
15
79,145
636
16
85,474
739
Europe, Not specially mentioned
9
53,542
792
18
69,789
690
27
123,331
1,482
France
38
246,189
6,092
38
246,189
6,092
Formosa
53
41,224
1,818
41,224
1,818
Germany
10
30,828
437
68
369,511
7,156
73
400,339
7,593
Holland
23
100,659
1,608
13
67,038
830
36
167,697
2,438
Italy
33
271,056
8,997
33
271,056
8,997
French Indo China
305
471,352
27,344
150
190,979
9,543
455
662,331
36,887
Japan
148
656,083
18,384
256
1,122,437
23,707
404
1,778,520
42,091
Macao
3
418
61
17
5,613
616
20
6,031
677
(River Steamers)
3,395
3,190,565
208,774
382
116,207
23,996
3,777
3,306,772
232,770
""
Steamships under 60 tons)
444
15,261
10,657
444
15,261
10,657
(Junks)
170
54,275
2,300
170
54,275
2,300
Netherland East Indies
13
39,505
686
121
405,321
10,969
134
444,826
11,655
Philippine Islands
33
293,035
12,155
81
408,041
8,854
114
701,076
21,009
Russia in Asia
2
5,100
138
2
5,330
94
4
10,430
232
Siam
South America
40
62,027
3,466
122
142,907
8,523
162
204,934
11,989
4
23,102
450
4:
23,102
450
United States of America Sweden
70
325,930
5,150
160
856,682
16,185
230
· 1,182,612..
21,335
11
40,131
399
11
40,131
899
Total
5,251
8,293,568 405,134
6,883
6,296,485
234,333
12,134
14,590,053
639,467
TABLE IV.
Number, Tonnage, and Crews of Foreign-Going Vessels cleared in the colony of Hong Kong to each Country in the Year 1939.
FOREIGN.
GRAND TOTAL.
BRITISH.
COUNTRIES TO WHICH DEPARTED,
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Fuel Oil.
Bunker
Coal.
Vessels. Tons.
Crews,
Fuel Oil.
Bunker
Coal.
Bunker
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Fuel Oil.
Coal.
- D 12 -
Australia & Pacific Islands including New
36
134,914
4.480
11,030
1,730
21
78,651
2,125
5,510
57
213,565
6,605
Zealand
22
British North Borneo
7,066
2,164
154
7,971
ི
15,483
881
3,225
31
22,549
3,045
11,030
154
7,240
11,196
26
274,442
12,333
500
26
274,442
12,333
500
Canada
India including Mauritius
108
374,009
11,897
10,450
100
361,554
6,826
4,205
208
735,563
18,723
14,655
South Africa
12,520
261
500
13
106,328 2,866
548
17
118,848
3,127
1,048
Straits Settlements & F. M. S.
38
77,634
3,371
80
6,895
45
117,718
3,131
20
7,438
83
195,352
6,502
100
14,333
United Kingdom
107
583.880
12,954
15,105
3,260
21
137,139
3,730
283
128
721,019
16,684
15,388
3,260
China
813
1,542 298
71,543
2,335
117,933
550
1,189,361
48,858
10,963
27,033
1,363
2,731,659 120,401
13,298
144,966
24
(River Steamers)
36,808
2,907
1,244
3
306
104
2
27
37,114
3,011
2
1,244
33
""
(Steamships under 60 tons)
1,119
408
33
1,119
408
(Junks)
3,560
109.914
28,448
3,500
109,914
28.448
12
61,024 :
514
12
61,024
514
Denmark
Europe, not specially mentioned
19
10,734
147
200
12
50.633
472
14
61,367
619
200
27
188,969
4,911
2,810
250
27
188,969
4.911
2,810
250
France
Formosa
Germany
Holland
Italy
French Indo China
242
5,315
112
180
64
72.237
2,236
574
440
66
77,552
2.348
574
620
16,520
276
32
190,032
4,256
1,050
36
206,552
4,532
1,050
6,358
140
620
46,166
608
11
52,522
748
620
21
225,720
8,295
1,500
300
21
225,720
8.295
1,500
300
368
628,380
30,156
1,553
49,158
233
426,983 13,966
840
24.523
601
1,055,363
44.122
2,393
73,681
Japan
156
731,065 |
18,688
14.690
18,725
157
701.092
15,513
4,695
3,400
313
1,432,157
34.201
19,385
22,125
Macao
3
418
61
115
14
4,684
512
32
278
17
5,102
573
32
393
(River Sleamers)
3,3973,190,342
208,774
318
43,383
379
115,144
23,996
1,577
3,776
3,305,486
232.770
324
44,960
"
(Steamships under 60 tons)
456
15,509
10,854
456
15,509
10.854
>
(Junks)
186
56,273
2,395
186
56,273
2.395
Netherland East Indies
14
Philippine Islands
31
49,813
289,326
661
300
640
122
387.671
11,149
324
3.890
136
437,481
11.810
624
4,530
11,298
610
109
549,831
11,624
1,249
2,095
140
839,157
22,922
1,249
2,705
Russia in Asia
6,484
326
1,150
4
9,927
220
3,780
16,411
546
4,930
Siam
43
65,076
3,813
11,920
122
155,034
8,358
520
35,037
165
220.110
12.171
520
46,957
South America
27
148.771
3.039
400
27
148,771
3.030
400
United States of America.
Sweden
55
268,467 4,493
1,000
20
136
730.739 13,814
17,409
920
191
999,206
18,307
18,409
940
11 40,534
386
11
40,534
386
Total
5,259 8,311,867 400,855 47,185 276,584
6,488 6,294,546 234,495 41,227
125,899
11,747 14,606,413
635,350
88,412
402,483
D 13
TABLE Y.
Number, Tonnage and Crews of Foreign Going Vessels of each Nation entered at Ports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1939.
Nationality.
Entered.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British
1,826
5,060,445
193,453
River Steamers
3,425
3,233,123
211,681
American
113
749,636
17,639
Chinese
47
12,643
2,427
Junks
4,154
156,876
31,116
Danish
119
360,316
7,058
Dutch
189
905,089
25,086
French
228
639,498
22,588
Italian
68
488,577
16,747
Japanese
355
1,235,014
28,747
Norwegian
Portuguese
""
River Steamers
416
818,772
24,628
136
61,952
9,691
་་་་་་
386
116,615
24,100
German
Panamanian
Swedish
91
472,906
9,056
37
70,187
1,831
51
141,586
1,786
Greek
Hungarian
Russian
14
34,346
570
6
9,054
155
1
4,577
63
Honduras
1
2,632
45
Steamships under 60 tons trading to Ports)
outside the Colony
471
16,209
11,000
Total......
12,134
14,590,053 639,467
D 14
TABLE VI.
Number, Tonnage and Crews of Foreign Going Vessels of each Nation cleared at Ports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1939.
Nationality.
Cleared.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British
1,838
5,084,717
189,174
River Steamers
,,
3,421
3,227,150
211,681
American
113
748,740
17,467
Chinese
48
12,912 :
2,787
Junks
>"
3,746
166,187
30,843
Danish
Dutch
121
363,565
6,500
187
893,601
24,913
French
228
639,779
22,076
Italian
68
488,577
16,849
Japanese
355
1,235,014
29,345
Norwegian
415
818,281
25,063
Portuguese
136
61,737
9,649
River Steamers
31
382
115,450
24,100
German
91
472,906
9,100
Panamanian
Swedish
39
74,089
1,955
50
141,586
1,834
Greek
12
29,228
455
Hungarian
6
9,054
188
Russian
1
4,577
64
Honduras
1
2,632
•
· 45
Steamships under 60 tons trading to Ports)
outside the Colony
489
16.628
11.262
Total......
11,747
14.606,413
635.350
TABLE VII.
Nationality of Crews.
Other Europeans
Vessels.
British.
Asiatics.
and Americans.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
British
5,111
5,251
43,678
40,432
1,586
1,503
383,692
363,199
Foreign
1,836
2,258
356
134
58,068
62,288
99,048
129,795
Total..
6,947
7,509
44,034
40,566
59,654
63,791
482,740
492,994
D 15
British Ships.
Foreign Ships.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
%
%
%
%
Percentage of British Crew
10.18
9.98
00.23
00.07
Percentage of Crew, Other Europeans and Americans
00.37
00.37
36.87
32.41
Percentage of Crew, Asiatics
89.45
89.65
62.90
67.52
Total.
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
NELELISE VO VICTIM POZA 29ERE ARE Mleur: 1097092.VISITAÐBam oversaESAMES JONÆ TAITEILEN IN VEREREKORTTVARANJESHOES YOU
;
D 16
TABLE VIII.
The River Steamer Trade, 1988 & 1939.
Year.
Import Tons.
Export Tons.
Passengers.
1938
545,822
499,140
2,708,695
1939
232,368
287,304
2,594,845
TABLE IX.
Junks.
EXPORTS.
1938.
1939.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Foreign Trade
4,568
336,753
3,746
166,187
Local Trade
11,884
365,743
13,228
440,502
Total....
16,452
702,496
16,974
606,689
IMPORTS.
1938.
1939.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Junks. Tonnage.
Foreign Trade
4,609
329,899
4,154
156,876
Local Trade
11,381
413,004
12.537
426,271
Total....
15,990
742,903
16,691
583,147
TABLE X.
Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargoes of Junks (FOREIGN TRADE) entered in the Colony of Hong Kong.
from Ports on the Coast of CHINA and MACAO, in the year 1939.
»: KAFRIKAZAN
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo,
Tons.
Vessels.
Crews.
Tons.
Passen-
gers.
Vessels.
Crews.
Tons.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo,
Tons.
Canton
1
633
10
1
633
10
West River
998
34,680 8,128
9,776
121
5,460
1,077
Macao
52 16,145
918
8,380
118
38,130
1,382
East Coast
West Coast
2,544
51,098
16,998
13,208
276
8,874
2,342
41 1,466
256
325
3
390
10
Total
3,635 | 103,889
26,295
31,689
519 53,487
4,821
1,119 40,140
170 54,275 2,820 59,972 19,340
44 1,856
4,154 156,876 31,116
9,200
9,776
2,300
8,380
13,208
266
325
31,689
TABLE XI.
Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargoes of Junks (FOREIGN TRADE) cleared in the Colony of Hong Kong, from Ports on the Coast of CHINA and MACAO, in the year 1939.
D 17
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo,
Tons.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Vessels. Tons. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo,
Tons.
Canton
285
300
1
285
4
3C0
West River
786
88,599 7,088
25,980
419 11,487 3,093
1,205
50,036
10,181
25,980
Macao
175
58,989 2,818
38,767
11
East Coast
885
30,080 5,883
10,818
2,384
26,002
82
186
56,278 2,395
88,767
West Coast
Total
1,882
35 1,678 2,704
124,526 17,992
422
76,287
1,423
11 938
1,864 41,681 12,851
9,580
2,808
96
56,982 15,463
46 2,611 8,746 | 166,187 30,843
10,818
2,800
422
76,287
TABLE XII.
Statement of Licensed Steam launches ENTERED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1989.
TOWING.
NOT TOWING.
TOTAL.
PLACES.
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Within the Waters
of the Colony:
1939
1,824
1938
81,621 9,185 726 11,857 6,575
350
381
1
11,090 | 372,208 147,369 338,625 8,807 | 814,108 | 109,280 245,716
4,590 12,414
3,081
9,583
403,829 156,554 | 338,984 4,590 325,965 325,965 | 115,855 | 246,097
3,082
Outside the Waters
of the Colony:
Canton
2
46
20
4
161
56
207
76
West River
Macao
102
East Coast
7
2,886
103
1,230
88
342
12,375
9,427
3,800
44.4
15,261
10,657
3,800
6
248
78
14
13
351
166
14
Other places
8
330
101
390
101
Total
3.035
1,338
360
13,174 |
9.662
8,814
471
16,203 11,000
3,814
TABLE XIII.
PLACES.
Within the Waters
Statement of Licensed Steam launches CLEARED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1933.
TOWING.
NOT TOWING.
TOTAL.
Vessels.
Tonnage.
Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Coal.
Vessels. Tonnage,
Grews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Coal.
Vessels. Tonnage.
Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
B. C.
D 18
of the Colony:
1980
1,638
1938
992
36,078 | 16,520
15,488
264
0,250
281
710
10,797| 864,86) 144,856 827,270, 8,547 312,172; 106,667–280,867,
8,067 | 6,405 | 12,432| 400,947| 160,876|| 327,534| 3,067 6,814 | 4,285 9,539 327,660 115,917 281,14€)
6,405
6,317
4,945
Outside the Waters
of the Colony :
Canton
21
12
1
21
12
West River
39
15
12
2
89
15
12
Macao
120
3,129
1,444
1,463
425
336 12,380
9,410
6,770
194
456
15,509
10,854
8,233
619
East Coast
131
90
61
228
66
98
28
12
359
156
98
89
Other places
27
22
16
673
203
215
41
18
7001
225
215
41
Total
130
3,308
1.568
1,463
486
359 13.320)
9,694
2
7,083
275
489 16,628 11,262|
8,546
761
D 19
TABLE XIV.
Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches entered at each Fort in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year, 1939.
Station.
British.
Foreign.
Total.
Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.
Aberdeen
406
11,800 406
11,800
Cheung Chau
385
15,816
385
15,816
Saikung
211
5,230
211
5,230
Tai O
95
4,109
95
4,109
Tsun Wan
461 21,282 461
21,282
Victoria
5,251 8,293,568
8,293,568 17,391 6,658,310 22,642 14,951,878
Total...... 5,251 8,293,568 18,949 | 6,716,547 24,200 15,010,115
TABLE XV.
Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches cleared at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year, 1939.
British.
Foreign.
Total.
Station.
Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels.
Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels.
Tonnage.
Aberdeen
398
10,993
398
10,993
Cheung Chau
403
16,779
403
16,779
Saikung
208
3,959
208
3.959
Tai O
87
4,275
87
4,275
Tsun Wan
461
21,282
461
21,282
Victoria
5,259 | 8,311,867 17,670 17,670
6,661,132
6,661,132 22,929 14,972,999
Total......
5,259 8,311,867 19,227 6,718,420 24,486 15,030,287
D 20
TABLE XVI.
Table showing total Shipping of all classes at the Port of Hong Kong during the
years 1920 to 1939.
TOTAL TONNAGE
YEAR.
ALL CLASSES.
TOTAL TONNAGE OCEAN GOING.
TOTAL TONNAGE OCEAN GOING
BRITISH.
1920
40,122,527
17,574,636
8,351,084
1921
43,420,970
20,064,611
9,247,198
1922
46,566,764
21,971,162
9,688,891
1923
58,402,239
25,894,058
11,222,141
1924
56,781,077
27,874,830
11,844,752
1925
49,520,523
23,653,774
9,866,820
1926
43,796,436
21,314,696
9,257,417
1927
44,127,161
25,700,164
9,660,440
1928
44,883,765
26,894,395
10,792,701
1929
47,186,181
28,285,741
11,151,152
-1930
42,190,612
29,350,807
11,357,605
1931
44,150,021
29,446,145
11,540,844
1932
43,824,906
29,269,073
12,201,690
1933
43,043,381
29,368,877
12,014,232
1934
41,914,022
28,905,526
12,035,087
1935
43,473,979
30,706,571
12,510,998
1936
41,731,016
29,969,666
11,943,751
1937
87,830,760
27,630,397
11,709,589
1938
30,962,756
22,184,732
11,397,133
1939
30,897,948
22,148,228
10,145,162
TONS
57,000,000
56,000,000
55,000,000
54,000,000
63,000,000
52,000,000
51,000,000
50,000,000
49,000,000
48,000,000
47,000,000
46,000,000
45,000,000
44,000,000
43,000,000
42,000,000
41,000,000
40,000,000
39,000,000
38,000,000
37,000,000
36,000,000
35.000.000
34.000.000
33.000.000
32,000,000
31,000.000
30.000.000
30,897,948
29,000.000
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
TABLE XVII.
D 21
Diagram Shewing Total Shipping all Classes 1920-1939.
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1964
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
D 22
TABLE XVIII.
Diagram Shewing Ocean Going Shipping British and Foreign Entered
and Cleared 1920-1939.
TONS.
31,000,000
30,000,000
29,000,000
28,000,000
27,500,000
27,000,000
26,500,000
26,000,000
25,500,000
25,000,000
24,500,000
24,000,000
23,500,000
23,000,000
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
22,500,000 22,000,000 21,500,000 21,000,000 20,500,000
22,148,228
20,000,000
19,500,000
19,000,000
18,500,000
18,000,000
17,500,000
17,000,000
16,500,000
16,000,000
15,500,000
15,000,000
14,500,000
14,000,000
13,500,000
13,000,000
12,500,000
12,000,000
11,500,000
11,000,000
10,500,000
10,000,000
9,500,000
"
1
D 23
TABLE XIX.
Diagram Shewing Ocean Going Shipping British Only, Entered
and Cleared 1920-1939.
TONS
24,500,000
24,000,000
23,500,000
23,000,000
22,500,000
22,000,000
21,500,000
21,000,000
20,500,000
20,000,000
19,500,000
19.000,000
18,500,000
18,000,000
17,500,000
17,000,000
16,500,000
16,000,000
15,500,000
15,000,000
14,500,000
14,000,000
13,500,000
13,000,000
12,500,000
12,000,000
11,500,000
11,000,000
10,500,000
10,000,000
9,500,000
9,000,000
8,500,000
8,000,000
7,500,000
7,000,000
6,500,000
6,000,000
5,500,000
5,000,000
4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
10,145,162
TABLE XX.
Return of Ships Registered at the Port of Hong Kong During the Year 1939.
D 24
-
Official
Name of Ship.
No.
Regis- tered Horse Power Tonnage.
Rig
Build
Where and When
built.
Remarks.
1. Kwong Sing
2. Hareldawins
159,504
109,510 912
18
N.H.P. 29
Not
Carvel Hong Kong
1938 1st. Registry (new vessel).
N.H.P. 199
Not
Clinker Newcastle-on- Tyne
3. Ming Sang
161,574
2,025
N.H.P. 256
Nil
do.
Newcastle,
England
1901 Registry transferred from Liverpool.
1934 Re-registered (formerly under the Chinese Flag as "Hai Li').
4. Tai Sze Ho 4
159,505
130
N.II.P. 43
Not
do.
Hong Kong
1939 1st. Registry (new vessel).
5. Heron
159,506
17
N.II.P. 43
Not Carvel
do.
1939
do.
do.
6. Golden Dragon
159,507
12
N.II.P. 0.6
Cutter
do.
do.
1938
do.
do.
7. La Cigale 1
159,508
11
Bermudian
do.
do.
1939
do.
do.
8. Dorinda
158,004
11
9. Dorinda
158,004
17
N.H.P. 0.99
Cutter
do.
do. Shanghai
do.
1934 Registry transferred from Shanghai.
1934
10. Gold Leaf
159,509
60
N.H.P. 14
None
Clinker Singapore
Registered anew (Vessel converted from Sailing Yacht).
1913 1st. Registry (formerly under the Termin- able Certificate of British Registry (Singapore).
TABLE XX.-Contd.
D 25
Official Regis-
Name of Ship.
No.
tered
Tonnage.
Horse Power
Rig.
Build.
Where and When
built.
Remarks.
11. Tack Fu
123,085 17
N.H.P. 14.7
Not
Carvel Hong Kong
1898 Re-registered (formerly unregistered vessel as "Stork").
12. Faunus
13. Yew Hing
159,510 2,706
154,039
N.H.P. 488
None
14
N.H.P. 11.6
Not
Clinker Dundee
Carvel Canton
1914
Formerly under the Dutch Flag as "Selene".
1920
Re-registered (formerly under the Chinese Flag as "Yew Hing').
14. New Mathilde
152,087
935
N.H.P. 130
Not
Clinker Kiel
15. Tzu Hang
172,751
18
B.H.P. 12
Ketch
Carvel Hong Kong
1906 Re-registered (formerly under the American Flag as "Aeolus").
1939 1st. Registry (new vessel).
16. Red Robin
172,752
7
17. James J. Maguire... 167,242 6,065
B.H.P. 4
B.H.P. 3600
Bermudian
Cutter
Not
do.
Clinker Monfalcone,
Italy
do.
1939;
do.
do.
18. Paxl
172,753
6
19. Yuet Tung
151,421
35
B.H.P. 5
N.H.P. 200
Cutter
Not
Carvel Hong Kong
do.
do.
20. Tavy Two
172,754
11
B.H.P. 8
Yawl
do.
do.
21. Maliuchau
153,564
17
N.H.P. 13
Not
do.
do.
22. Tulagi
172,755 1,680 N.H.P. 205
Not
Clinker
do.
1939 Registry transferred from London.
1939 1st. Registry (new vessel).
1921 Re-registered (formerly unregistered vessel owned by Chinese as "Yuet Tung').
1919 1st. Registry.
1913 Re-registered (formerly under the Chinese Flag as "Sai Hing").
1939 1st. Registry (new vessel).
TABLE XX.-(Contd.)
D 26
Official
Regis-
Name of Ship.
tered
Horse Power
Rig.
Build.
Where and When
built.
Remarks.
No.
:
Tonnage. 23. Frederick S. Fales 167,276 6,065
B.H.P. 3600
Not
Clinker Monfalcone,
(estimated)
Italy
1939
Registry transferred from London.
24. Chungshan
159,412
647
N.H.P. 135.7
Not
do.
Hong Kong
1934
Re-registered (formerly under the Chinese Flag as "Lee Hong').
25. Dina
172,756
3
B.H.P. 90
Not
Carvel Amsterdam
1922 1st. Registry.
26. Evolene
172,757
9
B.H.P. 8
Cutter
do.
Hong Kong
1939
1st. Registry (new vessel).
27. Vacport
167,309 3,970
28. Breconshire
29. Princesita
172,758 5,384
172,759 10
I.H.P. 2800
B.H.P. 12,000
Not
In & Out Hamburg
1939
Registry transferred from London.
Not
Clinker Hong Kong
1939
1st. Registry (new vessel).
Yawl
Carvel
do.
1914
1st. Registry (formerly unregistered yacht as "Irene').
30. Darnley
154,027
162
Not
Clinker
do.
31. Glenorchy
172,760 5,383 B.H.P. 12,000
Not
do.
do.
1906 Registered anew (Vessel converted from steam vessel).
1939 1st. Registry (new vessel).
TABLE XXI.
Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1939.
D 27
Official Regis-
Name of Ship.
No.
tered
Tonnage.
Date of
Registry.
Rig
Build
Where and When
built.
Reason of Cancellation.
1. Yuet Tung
151,421
14
22. 3.1921
2. Kaiapoi
117,592 1,247
10. 3.1930
None
F. & A.
Carvel
Hong Kong
1921
Clinker
Sunderland
1906
Sold to Foreigner (Chinese Subject). Sold to Foreigners (Norwegian Subjects).
Schooner
3. Olan
159,472
8
2. 2.1938
Cutter
Carvel Hong Kong
4. Dorinda
158,004
11
17. 2.1939
do.
Shanghai
5. Stork
123,085
17
6. Hin Sang
119,875 1,885
27. 6.1907
13. 11.1924
do.
Schooner
Clinker
Hong Kong
West Hartle-
pool
1938 Registry transferred to Port of
Southampton.
1934 Vessel converted into an auxiliary yacht and registered anew at Hong Kong. 1898 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).
1905
Sold for breaking up.
7. Tsing Shaan
159,471
30
18. 1.1938
Nil
Carvel Hong Kong
1924
Sold to Foreigner (Chinese Subject).
8. Yentai
137,676
24
10. 12.1914
Clinker
do.
1914
do.
do.
9. Pang Jin
159,502
58
16. 12.1938
Junk
Carvel
do.
1938
10. Faunus
11. Saiwanho
12. Breconshire
13. Darnley
159,510 2,706
153,588
172,758 5,384
154,027
19. 4.1939
None
Clinker Dundee
Vessel abandoned as a total loss in Red Sea. 1914 Registry transferred to Port of London.
22
11. 5.1925
do.
Carvel Hong Kong
1914
Vessel broken up.
26. 7.1939
Not
Clinker
do.
1939
Registry transferred to Port of Liverpool.
92
12. 3.1929
Nil
do.
do.
1906
Vessel converted into a lighter and registered anew at Hong Kong.
TABLE XXII.
Passenger Trade for the Port for the Year 1939.
D 28
Ships.
Passengers.
Emigrants.
Class of Vessels.
No.
Arrived
Departed
Returned
Departed
British Ocean Going, Foreign Trade
3,664
151,703
173,171
27,083
40,279
Foreign Ocean Going, Foreign Trade
3,743
153,466
147,440
35,572
31,006
British River Steamers, Foreign Trade
6,846
1,361,261
1,231,597
Foreign River Steamers, Foreign Trade
768
1,091
896
Total
15,021
1,667,521
1,553,104
62,655
71,285
Steam-launches, Foreign Trade
960
2
Junks, Foreign Trade
7,900
Total, Foreign Trade
23.881
1,667,521
1,553,106
62,655
71,285
British Ocean Going, Local Trade
20
Foreign Ocean Going, Local Trade
104
Steam-launches, Local Trade
24,847
338,984
327,534
Junks, Local Trade
25,765
2,969
3,162
Total, Local Trade
50,736
341,953
330,696
Grand Total
74,617
2,009,474
1,883,802
62,655
71,285
TABLE XXIII,
Summary of Chinese Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, during the year 1939.
D 29
BRITISH SHIPS.
FOREIGN SHIPS.
GRAND TOTAL.
PORTS.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Adults.
Children.
Total
Adults.
Children.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Australia
336
24
13
Africa
13
3
1
Portuguese East Africa
Bangkok
496
107
46
ཡ། |:
381
17
101
49
14
663
205
1222
ㄧ
336
24
13
8
381
44
27
251
114
82
45
27
268
18
94
49
23
18
94
15
260
701
139
61
22
923
British Borneo
951
715
259
158
2,083
· 951
715
259
158
2,083
Dutch Borneo
101
9
3
Calcutta
1,513
171
81
Canada
2,238
399
238
87
Continent of Europe
112
Dutch Indies
268
126
37
Fiji
48
4
Honolulu
308
63
25
Madagascas Island (Tamatave)
9
1
Mauritius
9
New Guinea (Rabaul)
53
42
29
New Zealand (Dunedin)
133
105
68
43
195151229
113
105
9
3
115
42
1,807
1,513
171
81
42
1,807
2,962
2,238
399
238
87
2,962
112
112
112
497
7,489
4,045
2,383
802
14,719
7,757
4,171
2,449
839
15,216
56
48
4
4
56
425
339
84
30
25
478
647
147
55
54
903
10
202
82
49
16
349
211
83
49
16
359
20
90
134
110
37
371
99
139
115
38
391
146
53
42
29
22
146
349
133
105
43
349
Nauru Island
182
P
183
182
1
183
Ocean Island
139
139
139
139
Rangoon
2,431
835
295
234
3,795
1
сп
N
1
9
2,432
840
297
235
3,804
Rodriguez
1
1
1
Saigon
2,285
2,183
595
437
5,500
50
62
25
12
149
2,335
2,245
620
449
5,649
Sumatra (Belawan Deli)
108
19
5
3
135
1,528 765
337
170
2,800
1,636
784
342
173
2,935
Straits Settlements
11,179
4,919
3,438
1,480
21,016
4,869
1,845
1,251
557
8,522 16,048
6,764
4,689
2,037
29,538
Tahiti
12
6
2
20
12
6
2
20
United States of America
150
5
14
172
1,885
427
271
96
2,679 2,035
432
285
99
2,851
Total for 1939
22,753
9,741
1938
"}
5,187 2,598 25,511 | 21,070 5,859 3,730
40,279 17,131 7,585 4,535 1,755 56,170 | 25,967 | 17,371 7,561 3,818 Total passengers by British Ships
31,006 39,884 17,326 54,717 51,478 38,441 13,420
9,722
4,353
71,285
7,548
110,887
22,753 9,741 5,187
2,598
40,279
""
""
Foreign
21
17,131 7,585 4,535
1,755
31,006
Excess of passengers by British Ships
5,622 2,156
652
843
9,273
TABLE XXIV.
Statement of Average Number of Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.
1900.
66,961
1905.
1910.
73,105
88,452
1915.
109,110
1920.
84,602
1925.
129,004
1930.
235,141
1935.
99,104
TABLE XXV.
Number of Male and Female Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1930 to 1939.
WHITHER BOUND.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
D 30
Straits Settlements, Males,
Straits Settlements, Females,
88,498
32,887
35,606 13,618 14,767
14,895 8,769
7,169
55,803
69,793
80,299
56,629
28,271
20,787
35,517
37,188
45,096
82,398
33,690
8,801
Total,
121,385 50,501
20,787 23,536
91,320
106,981 101,725
162,697
61,961
29,538
Other Ports, Males,
58,879
44,504
30,149
29,151
34,406
35,559
43,235
57,795
36,627
28,869
Other Ports, Females,
8,636
5,864
4,703
4,828
6,258
6,975
8,210
11,833
12,299
12,878
Total,
67,515
50,368 34,852
33,979
40,664
42,534
51,445
69,628
48,926
41,747
Grand Total,
188,900
100,869
55,639
57,515
131,984
149,515
153,170 232,325
110,887
71,285
TABLE XXVI.
Summary of Chinese Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China During the Year 1939.
BRITISH SHIPS.
D 31
FOREIGN SHIPS.
GRAND TOTAL.
PORTS.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Australia
584
6
6
2
598
74
19
18
26
137
658
25
24
28
735
Bangkok
716
190
201
126
1,233
2,363
1,133
1,336
765
5,597
3,079
1,323
1,537
891
6,830
British Borneo
272
116
51
33
472
51
6
4
65
323
122
55
37
537
Dutch Borneo
30
42
30
5
4
3
42
Calcutta
6,262
2,021
789
540
9,612
6,262
2,021
789
540
9,612
Canada
5
5
5
Continent of Europe
878
30
1
909
1,509
254
103
50
1,916 2,887
284
103
51
2,825
Dutch Indies
2
6
10,092
906
849
467
12,314 10,094 910
849
467
12,320
Ocean Island
399
399
399
399
Rabaul
27
7
41
27
7
1
41
Rangoon
3,653 956
669
378
5,656
982
458
467
278
2,185
4,635
1,414 1,136
656
7,841
Saigon
1,533 803
228
157
2,721
29
7
3
44
1,562
810
233
160
2,765
South Africa
323
25
12
7
367
323
25
12
7
367
Straits Settlements
3,521
1,029
720
570
5,840
2,798
657
363
239
4,057
6,319
1,686 1,083
809
9,897
Sumatra (Belawan Deli)
5,596
1,253 618
535
8,002
5,596 1,253
618
535
8,002
United States of America
29
1
1
31
348
41
12
5
406
377
42
13
5
437
Total for 1939
1938
"}
"}
17,455 5,156 2,665 1,807 24,092 7.863 3,431 2,875
27,083 | 24,621 4,771 38,261 30,528 | 7,770 Total number of passengers by Foreign Ships British
3,797 2,383
4,027
3,034
35,572
45,359
42,076 9,927 6,462 54,620 15,633 7.458
4,190
62,655
5,909
83,620
24,621 4,771 3,797 2,383
35,572
""
"}
17,455 5,156 2,665 1,807
27,083
Excess of passengers by Foreign Ships
8,489
TABLE XXVII.
Statement of Average Number of Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial
Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.
1900.
109,534
1905.
137,814
1910.
146,585
1915.
151,728
1920.
100,641
1925.
129,106
1930.
181,227
1935.
176,707
TABLE XXVIII.
Number of Male and Female Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1930 to 1939.
D 32
WHITHER BOUND.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Straits Settlements, Males,
120,964 134,147 98,606
51,303
40,881
42,148
46,389
34,969
11,601
7,402
Straits Settlements, Females,
28,960 35,572
30,011
18,107
13,677
14,649
18,806
14,879
4,728
2,495
Total,
149,924
169,719 128,617
69,410
54,558
56,797
65,195
49,848
16,329
9,897
Other Ports, Males,
62,803
94,331 85,690
58,218
47,847
44,477
41,966
38,183 50,477
41,136
Other Ports, Females,
10,409
19,840
18,089
13,505 11,289
11,146
13,480
13,598 16,814
11,622
Total,
73,212
114,171
103,779
71,723
59,136
55,623
55,446
51,781 67,291
52,758
Grand Total,
223,136
283,890
232,396
141,133 113,694
112,420
120,641
101,629
83,620
62,655
D 33
TABLE XXIX,
Bunker Coal and Oil Shipped during 1939.
EXPORTS.
1938.
1939.
Class.
No.
Coal, Oil, Tons. Tons.
Coal,
Oil,
No.
Tons.
Tons.
Steamers
River Steamers
Total
3,574 337,884 70,673
3,387 67,987 548
6,961 405,871 71,221
3,709
3,803 46,204
7,512 402,483 88,412
356,279 88,086
326
TABLE XXX.
Comparative Return of Work performed by the Principal Surveyor of Ships' Department for 3 years ending 31/12/39.
Year.
Item.
1937.
1938. 1939.
Surveys for Passenger and Safety Certificate including
Radio
74
81
85
Surveys for Passenger Certificate
18
16
10
Surveys for Safety Radio Telegraphy Certificates
54
70
70
Surveys for Surveys 69 (Wireless)
21
Surveys for Load Line Certificate
36
39
27
Surveys for Bottom Certificate
4
1
4
Surveys for Emigration Licence
95
74
86
Measurement of Tonnage for British Registry
28
61
39
Measurement of Tonnage not for British Registry
2
16
19
Measurement of Tonnage for Suez Canal
4
3
6
Measurement of Tonnage for Panama Canal
Inspection and Certification of Light and Sound Signals.
1
4
7
Inspection and Certification of Life Saving Appliances. Machinery and Boiler Plans
223
24
27
16
20
28
40
85
95
211
Surveys of Boilers during Construction
3
2
2
Surveys of Government Land Boilers
53
35
39
Surveys of Launches for Plying Licences.
610
606
578
Surveys of Government Launches and Harbour Buoys, etc.
1,510
1,530
1,625
Ships' Plans Examined
238
261
317
Inclining Experiments
9
4
18
New Lifeboats Surveyed during Construction
98
152
81
New Buoyant Apparatus Surveyed during Construction
519
216
80
Lifejackets Inspected and Stamped
16,330
14,925
11,668
Lifebuoys Inspected and Stamped
586
549
988
Engineers Examined B.O.T. Certificates
26
26
19
Engineers Examined Local Certificates
91
109
107
Estimated Total Number of Visits in connection with
Surveys
5,117
Lifeboatmen Examined for Certificates
133
5,510 329
5,144
407
- D 34
TABLE XXXI.
During the year of 1939, there has been stored in the Government Gunpowder
Depôt, Green Island.
Gunpowder, privately owned
Government owned
Cartridges, privately owned
Explosive Compounds, privately owned
Government owned
12
Non-explosives, privately owned
No. of Cases.
Approximate Weight.
lbs.
254
8,160
32
1,600
1,572
133,025
11.158
583,756
"
1,364
76,400
During the same period there has been delivered out of the Depôt.
For sale in the Colony:
Gunpowder
Cartridges
Explosive Compounds
Non-explosives
For Export:-
Gunpowder
Cartridges
Explosive Compounds
Non-explosives
Government owned:
Gunpowder
Explosive Compounds
No. of Cases.
Approximate Weight. lbs.
36
1,180
289
11,975
3,338
32,116
2
100
197
5,566
27,176 391,540
39
6,626
4
657
250 38,700
On 31st December, 1939, there remains as follows:-
Gunpowder, privately owned
Government owned
Cartridges, privately owned
Explosive Compounds, privately owned
Government owned
Non-explosives, privately owned
TABLE XXXII.
No. of Cases.
Approximate Weight.
lbs.
216
6,880
27
1,350
1,085
93,874
2,254
160.100
707
37,705
231
34,568
Lighthouses and Signal Stations.
Lighthouse. or Signal Station.
Vessels Messages Messages Signalled. sent. received.
Periods of Fog.
Period Diaphone sounded.
Fog Signals Fired.
Typhoon & Non local Signals Hoisted.
Gap Rock
959* 3,242
734
137 hrs.
851
Waglan
2,887+
3,710
597
29 periods 82 periods
443.401
hrs.
136
Green Island
1,042
122
48
11
Kowloon Signal
Station
2,428
134
*Including 178 reported by Flash lamp.
+Including 712 reported by Flash lamp.
Including 10.10 hrs. when Explosive Signal used during alterations.
ID 35
TABLE XXXIII.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1938 and 1939.
A. HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.
Sub-head of Expenditure.
Personal Emoluments
Amount
Amount
1938.
1939.
$
$
607,046.97
607,708.51
Other Charges
Coal & Oil Fuel for Launches
Coal for Offices
Conveyance Allowances
Drawing Materials, G.M.S. Office
Electric Fans & Light
245,830.25
211,259.67
9,273.52
6,012.24
4,366.55
3,882.89
439.58
457.77
1,310.88
1,316.67
Examination Fees
560.00
Expenses of numbering boats.
1,602.39
535.00 1,285.00
Fees to unofficial members of Marine Court
80.00
Hire of Tugs for Lighthouses Reliefs
28,150.00
Incidental Expenses
Ocean Steamship Moorings and Buoys
Launch Moorings and Buoys, Navigational Moorings
and Buoys
3,114.82
2,406.75
7,863.53
2,505.67
25,128.00
16,055.38
Rent, Light and Water Allowances for Slipway Staff Rent of Public Telephones
3,186.00
3,231.00
377.04
332.45
Repairs, Minor improvements and Stores for Launches
and Boats
174,218.78
135,268.10
Slipway at Yaumati, Maintenance
2,854.92
2,447.74
Stores and Equipment for Lighthouses
12,202.59
11,042.60
Transport
Uniforms
543.28 6,652.33
478.05
6,551.38
Upkeep of Fire Appliances, Green Island
98.60
Total Personal Emoluments and Other Charges
1,106,571.43 1,041,105.47
Special Expenditure.
One Steel Filing Cabinet
220.00
112.00
Training Expenses (G.M.S. in England)
828.22
882.52
Diaphone for Waglan
Chain Cable
New Launch (replacement S.D. 2)
Electric Welding Course
Travelling and Subsistance for S.I.L. in England
One 3-ton Crane for Yaumati
15,200.00
57,375.00
43,230.92
11,574.08
305.75
361.17
324.44
13.303.60
One Typewriter
New Launch H.D.4 (Replacement)
New Launch G.P.0.1 (Replacement)
New Launch for H.E. The Governor
New Launch Police No. 10 (Replacement)
Hire of Tugs for Lighthouse Reliefs One Standard Pressure Gauge
'Dalzo' Steel for Buoys
Pulling Boat for Aberdeen
Sewing Machine for Yaumati
Batteries for Waglan
New Flasher for Cape Collinson
"Salvage"
Salvaging and Reconditioning of Kau Sing-
Total Special Expenditure
Total A. Harbour Department
2,223.53
333.79
34,999.32
25,240.00
8,400.00
25,200.00
27,080.00
380.90
334.71
110.00
250.00
724.03
7,098.50
42,769.40
1,750.00
140,282.43
180,334.45
1,246,853.86 1,221,439.92
- D 36
TABLE XXXIV.
Comparative Statement of Revenue 1938 and 1939.
Amount
Sub-head of Revenue.
1938.
Amount 1939.
$
*
I. Motor Spirit Duties
202.00
64.20
2.
Port and Harbour Dues:
Light Dues (Ord: 10 of 1899).
402,358.63
405,231.44
Buoy Dues (Ord: 10 of 1899).
130,181.00
133,127.00
3.
Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise
specified
Boat Licences (Ord: 10 of 1899)
133,321.60
139,517.30
Chinese Passenger Ship Licences
1,050.00
1,005.00
Fines
9,275.02
9,266.18
Forfeitures
881.25
1,426.00
Fishing Stake and Net Licences
29.90
678.50
Fishing Stake and Net Licences from the New
Territories (Ord: 10 of 1899)
635.50
Junk Licences etc. (Ord: 10 of 1899)
30,560.95
45,898.90
Junk Licences etc. from the New Territories (Ord:
10 of 1899)
8,604.50
·
4.
Steam Launch Licences etc. (Ord 10 of 1899) Fees of Court of Office, Payments for specific purposes and Reimbursements-in-Aid :-
14,385.25
14,528.80
Court
10.50
Engagement and Discharge of Seamen (Ord: 10 of
1899)
47,683.14
44,988,68
Examination of Masters etc.
1,522.50
1,415.00
Gunpowder, storage of (Ord: 10 of 1899)
29,390.50
30,979.00
Medical Examination of Emigrants
137,127.30
99,633.70
Miscellaneous
98.67
163.00
Official Signatures (Ord: 1 of 1899)
9,795.00
8,610.00
Publications, sale of (Ord : 1 of 1899)
775.50
782.90
Registry Fees (Merchant Shipping Act) Ord: 10 of
1899
2,969.00
2,935.00
Steam Launches, Surveyor's Certificate Ord: 10
of 1899
16,590.00
16,281.25
Survey of Steamships (Ord: 10 of 1899)
128,108.40
113,478.48
Sunday Cargo Working Permits Ord: 1 of 1891
126,456.25
107,793.75
Widows' and Orphans' Pensions Contributions
5.67
7. Rent of Government Property :
Buildings
Rent of Government Furniture Lands not Leased
47.38
3.31
431.59
8,752.88
9.
Miscellaneous Receipts:
Sale of condemned stores
51,124.50
711.00
Overpayments in Previous years
299.53
308.35
Other Miscellaneous Receipts :-
Pilot Licences. Ord: 3 of 1904
120.00
120.00
Engagement of Masters and Engineers of Steam
Launches
253.50
260.00
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
16.25
907.54
Total
1,284,257.73 1,188,920.21
D 37
TABLE XXXV.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure & Revenue for last ten years.
Personal
Year.
Emoluments &
Special
Total
Other Charges.
Expenditure.
Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
1930
942,271.67
138,788.97
1,081,060.64
1,020,741.02
1931
1,013,003.51
38,028.27
1,051,031.78
1,433,534.87
1932
998,861.44
106,930.50
1,105,791.94
1,445,435.64
1933
653,318.32
44,678.65
997,996.97
1,256,924.71
1934
921,624.49
54,985.26
976,609.75
1,210,355.51
1935
811,331.201
146,756.02
958,087.22
1,079,677.53
1936
931,148.17
140,447.38
1,071,595.55
1,260,348.67
1937
1,014,620.58
21,347.19
1,035,967.77
1,451,152.57
1938
1,106,571.43
140,282.43
1,246,853.86
1,284,257.73
1939
1.041,105.47
180,334.45
1,221,439.92 1,188,920.21
TABLE XXXVI.
Light Dues were collected during the year 1939 as follows:-
No. of
Class of Vessels.
Trips.
Tonnage.
Rate per ton.
Fee Collected.
$ ¢.
Ocean Vessels
3,640
11,135,449 2.4/10
¢
361,711.66
Commission on Bohama Dues
2,557.93
Steam Launches
292
River Steamers
3,758
13,283 3,323,893
2.4/10 ¢
431.42
9/10 ¢
40,530.43
Total
7,690
14,472,625
405,231.44
TABLE XXXVII.
Licences issued and Revenue collected at Harbour Master's Out Stations.
1938
1938
Station.
Licences
Revenue
1939 Revenue
1939 Licences
Increase.
Decrease.
issued.
collected.
collected.
issued.
$ C.
$ C.
$
C.
$
C.
Shaukiwan
6,480
21,291.10
22,300.20
5,940
Aberdeen
6,488
17,574.00
18,593.55
6,503
1,009.10 1,019.55
Stanley
688
1,326.10
1,217.85
646
108.25
Yaumati
5,103
46,047.50
50,720.80
5,478
4,673.30
Cheung Chau
4,991
13,426.70
14,067.50
4,645
640.80
Tai O
1,893
4,246.65
5,114.95
1,980
868.30
Taipo
2,647
7,616.95
7,381.85
2,242
235.10
Saikung
813
1,812.30
1,800.75
757
11.55
Longket
1,577
4,413.95
4,676.95
1,416
263.00
Deep Bay
915
2,900.75 2,176.70
706
724.05
Lantau
603
1,796.85
1,655.60
509
141.25
Lok Ma Chau
518
1,553.00 1,644.55
531
91.55
Total
32,716
124,005.85 131,351.25
31,353
8,565.60
1,220.20
Net Increase
7,345.40
TABLE XXXVIII.
Number of junk and boat licences, permits, etc. issued and fees collected during the year 1939 (under Tables T and U, Section 39 of Ordinance 10 of 1899).
Description.
Licence
books.
Licences.
Duplicate
Licences.
Repainting
Special
Fees.
Licence Nos. Permits.
نسه
F
D 38
Licence books Trading Junks, Table T
1,084)
""
Fishing
Boat
T
609
$ 1,693.00
""
U
3,641
""
Trading Junks Licences Table T
1,293
Fishing
T
1,692
"J
""
Dinghies
T
794
""
""
Passenger boats (A and B) -Class I Lighters, cargo and water boats-Class II
Table U
2,184
Table U
1,966
Fish drying hulks
-Class III Table U
57
Other boats
-Class IV Table U
15,958
""
Duplicate licences-Junks Table T
Repainting junk licence Nos. Table T
boat
Special Permits Junks Table T
-Boats
U
8830
66
3,650.00
26,276.15
15,318.40
1,508.60
12,941.35
62,077.60
551.05
59,058.55
66.00
10
10.00
1,747
873.50
U
4,454
1,113.50
""
32
653
163.25
Boats
U
461
115.25
22
Total..
5,334
23,944
76
6,201
1,114
$185,416.20
TABLE XXXIX.
B.-AIR SERVICES.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1938 and 1939.
AIR SERVICES
Approved Estimate
1938
Actual Expenditure
1938
Approved Estimate
1939
Actual Expenditure 1939
Sub-heads:-
**
C
སྐ
$
*
1. Personal Emoluments
74,354
55,627.41
OTHER
CHARGES.
3,200
75,490
68,387.12
2. Electric Fans and Lights
2,500
2,330.44
* 1,800
4,099.95
3. Equipment for Aeronautical
3,000
Inspection Department
1,500
3.62
1,500
4. Flying Fees for Staff
3,300
2,857.26
4,500
2,131.26
5. Incidental Expenses
400
300.80
400
375.96
6.
Rent of Public Telephones
117
146.25
328
337.00
117
7. Uniforms
500
482.19
*
250
732.41
500
8. Upkeep of Buoys
600
535.87
600
590.20
9. Upkeep of Motor Vehicles
1,000
985.79
1,250
1,248.81
10. Upkeep of Aerodrome
5,000
5,893.38
6,000
5,964.32
11. Upkeep of Motor Boats
6,000
6,000
404.15
Total Other Charges
*Supplementary Votes.
20,917
13,535.60
26,245
15,884.06
D 39-
TABLE XXXIX.-(Contd.)
AIR SERVICES
Approved Estimate 1938
Actual Expenditure 1938
Approved Estimate
1939
Actual Expenditure
1939
- D 40
eo
es
$
$
$
SA
SPECIAL EXPENDITURE
Smoke Wind Indicator
2,000
Construction of Marine Terminal
9,000
8,019.96
400
$
1,693.82
400.00
ef
Auxiliary Control Launch 25′ 6′′
20,000
3,266.00
6,534
6,534.00
"Short" Rubber Buoys for flying boats
5,000
5,000
4,814.69
Weighbridge for Aircraft
13,000
11,840.33
3,200
2,471.22
Control Launch for Kai Tak Airport
3,500
2,258.82
Pontoon Landing Stage for Kai Tak
Airport
4,500
4,486.87
Dines Anemograph for Kai Tak
Airport
2,250
2,103.39
Total Special Expenditure
57,250
31,975.37
17,134
15,913.73
Total Air Services
152,521
101,138.38
122,069
100,184.91
Ꭰ 41
TABLE XL.
B.-AIR SERVICES.
Comparative Statement of Revenue for the years 1936, 1937, 1938 and 1939.
Sub-head Revenue.
Amount 1936.
Amount 1937.
Amount Amount
1938.
1939.
$
¢.
$ ¢.
$
¢. $ ¢.
3. Licences & Internal Revenue not
otherwise specified :-
Air Services
4. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes and Reim- bursements in aid :-
Air Services
400.00
580.00
945.00 735.00
11,601.60 25,341.70 62,880.20 49,898.58
Total....
12,001.60 25,921.70 63,825.20 50,633.58
*Note: These totals do not include charges such as storage, rent rates etc. which are collected by the Treasury and shown as Treasury receipts and which in the year 1939 amounted to $3,365.00.
TABLE XLI.
B-AIR SERVICES.
Year.
Other Charges
Special Expenditure.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for the year 1930 to 1939.
Personal (1) Emoluments and
Total Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
$ &
$
&.
$
¢.
$
¢.
1930
(2) 33,896.70
60,000.00
93,896.70
1931
26,691.12
26,691.12
40.00
1932
11,457.04
88.81
11,545.85
14,344.00
1933
13,899.75
13,899.75
6,850.00
1934
40,191.51
10,765.85
50,957.36
10,265.00
1935
52,891.10
10,708.69
63,599.79
7,411.10
1936
40,562.50
741.08
41,303.58
12,001.60
1937
50,648.47
1,281.69
51,930.16
25,921.70
1938
69,163.01
31,975.37
101,138.38
63,825.20
1939
84,271.18
15,913.73
100,184.91
(3) 50,633.58
(1) Does not include the Salary of the Director which is charged to A.—Harbour
Department.
(2) February, 1930.
(3) These totals do not include charges such as storage, rent rates etc. which are collected by the Treasury and shown as Treasury receipts and which in the year 1939 amounted to $3,365.00.
Countries to which
Departed.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Total
Goods and Ex-
cess Luggage
Tons.
Mails Tons.
Tonnage.
Aircraft
Aircraft.
China
Manila (Philippines).. French Indo-China...
Countries whence
Arrived.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods and Ex-
cess Luggage
Tons.
Mails Tons.
Tonnage.
Aircraft
Aircraft.
TABLE XLII.
1. Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers and crews of aircraft arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong from each country in the year 1939.
BRITISH.
FOREIGN.
TOTAL.
Passengers.
TABLE XLIII.
2. Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers and crews of aircraft departing from airports in the Colony of Hong Kong
BRITISH.
to each country in the year 1939.
FOREIGN.
TOTAL.
Passengers.
Crew.
cess Luggage Tons.
Goods and Ex-
Mails Tons.
236
2,436
950
10.1
36.9 2,110.6
236
2,436
950
10.1
42
420
336
4.4
4.9 1,238.9
42
420
336
4.4
36.9 2,110.6
4.9 1,238.9
145 276 290
4,9 47.5 666.8
56
479
230
1.8
1.6 612.0
201
755
520 i
6.7
49.1
1,278.8
145 276 290
4.9 47.5 666.8
334 3,335 1,516 16.3
43.4 3,961.5 479 3,611
1,806 21.2
90.9 4,628.3
China
Manila (Philippines)..
French Indo-China... 148 315
237
1,462
954
73.6
40.8 2,132.5
237
1,462
954
73.6
40.8
2,132.5
42
386
336
1.7
2.41,238.9
42
386
336
1.7
2.4 1,238.9
296
8.2
42.7 680.6
58
387
238
1.7
0.6 613.0
206
702
534
9.9
43.3 1,293.6
Total
148 315
296
8.2 42.7680.6
337 2,235
1,528
77.0
43.8 3,984.4
485
2,550
1,824
85.2
86.5 4,665.0
Crew.
Goods and Ex- cess Luggage Tons.
Mails Tons.
Aircraft
Tonnage.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods and Ex- cess Luggage Tons.
Mails Tons.
Aircraft
Tonnage.
Aircraft
D 42
Tonnage.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods and Ex-
cess Luggage
Tons.
Mails Tons.
Aircraft
Tonnage.
TABLE XLIV.
3. Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1939.
ARRIVING
NATIONALITY
OF AIRCRAFT
Aircraft
Passengers
Crew
Goods & Excess Luggage Tons
Aircraft
Tons
Tonnage
British
145
276
290
4.9
47.5
666.8
Chinese
236
2,436
950
10.1
36.9
2,110.6
American
42
420
336
4.4
4.9
1,238.9
French
52
468
210
1.8
1.6
572.0
German
4
11
20
Nil.
Nil.
40.0
Total
479
3,611
1,806
21.2
90.9
4,628.3
TABLE
XLV.
4. Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation departing from airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1939.
D 43
DEPARTING
NATIONALITY
Goods & Excess
Mails
OF AIRCRAFT
Aircraft
Passengers
Crew
Aircraft
Luggage Tons
Tons
Tonnage
148
315
296
8.2
42.7
British
680.6
237
1,462
954
73.6
40.8
Chinese
2,132.5
42
386
336
1.7
2.4
American
1,238.9
French
54
383
218
1.7
0.6
573.0
German
4
4
20
Nil.
Nil.
40.0
Total
485
2,550
1,824
85.2
86.5
4,665.0
TABLE XLVI.
7. Summary showing tonnage of aircraft arriving and departing during the year 1939.
D 44
BRITISH
FOREIGN
Arriving.
Departing.
Total.
Arriving.
Departing.
Total.
Kai Tak Airport, Hong Kong.
145
148
293
334
337
671
Total
145
148
334
337
671
TABLE
293
XLVII.
(B) AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES.
Type and
Terminal Stations of each service
Operating Company (and if subsidized)
Mileage of
route
or route
Characteristics of the aircraft employed
Frequency
of service
Class of
service
Remarks
Bangkok-Hong Kong
Imperial Airways (Yes)
1,260
D.H. 86
Bi-Weekly
Mails, Goods,
Passengers.
All up Mail discontinued at outbreak of war
San Francisco-Hong Kong Pan American Airways
9,000
(Martin 130
Weekly
do.
(Yes)
Flying Boat)
(Boeing 314
Flying Boat)
China Domestic-Hong Kong
China Domestic-Hong Kong
China National Aviation Corporation (Indirectly, Yes) Eurasia Aviation
Routes frequently revised
D.C. 2
Daily
do.
D.C. 3
do.
J.U. 52
Corporation
Frequently
revised
do.
(Indirectly, Yes)
Service erratic
owing to European War.
Paris-Hong Kong
Air France
9,500
(Yes)
Dewotine
D-338
Weekly
do.
TABLE XLVIII.
:
,
¡
(B) Air Transport Services.
Passengers.
MAIL (Including printed matter & parcels).
GOODS
(including newspapers & excess luggage).
Pas-
Goods Mail senger Receipts. Receipts.
Aircraft
Service or route.
Mileage.
Receipts.
Number Passenger carried. Miles.
Tons. Ton/Miles.
Tons. Ton/Miles.
Bangkok-Hong Kong
1,260
591
744,660
90.2
113,652.0
13.1
16,506.0
San Francisco-Hong Kong
9,000
806
7,254,000
7.3
65,700.0
6.1
54,900.0
Paris-Hong Kong
9,500
851
8,084,500
2.2
20,900.0
3.5
33,250.0
Routes
China-Hong Kong
frequently revised
3,898
77.7
83.7
† Berlin-Tokyo
Not known
15
D 45
* Routes, time-tables rates etc: revised so frequently and available figures so meagre, that any statistics dealing with the above would be misleading.
† German Lufthansa J. U. 52 on Goodwill flights carried 15 passengers. Not on a regular Service to Hong Kong.
TABLE XLIX.
Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the years 1937, 1938 and 1939.
NATIONALITY OF
AIRCRAFT.
ARRIVING.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods, Mails, and excess Luggage Tons.
Aircraft Tonnage.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
British
65
116
145
49
150
276
130
232
290
17.00
38.40
52.4
335
622
666.8
Chinese
292
458
236
1,581
5,330
2,436
784
1,802
950
10.92
50.60
47.0
2,092
4,547 2,110.6
German
4
11
20
40.0
American
37
35
42
292
325
420
227
274
336
11.00
6.50
9.3
671
841
1,238.9
French
1
24
52
201
468
3
94
210
1.00
3.4
247 572.0
Czechoslovakian
1
6
Latvian
1
1
1
Javanese
1
.1
D 46
Total
398
633
479
1,929
6,006
3,611
1,150
2,402
1,806 38.92
96.50
112.1
3,112.0
6,257 4,628.3
TABLE L.
Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation departing from airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the years 1937, 1938 and 1939,
DEPARTING.
NATIONALITY OF
AIRCRAFT.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods, Mails, and excess Luggage Tons.
Aircraft Tonnage.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938.
1939.
1937.
1938. 1939.
1
British
67
115
148
75
200
315
134
230
296
11.0
31.5
50.9
337
617 680.6
Chinese
289
475
237
1,448
3,261
1,462
716
1,850
954
26.0
189.1
114.4
2,090
4,652 2,132.5
German
4
4
20
40.0
American
36
35
42
231
316
386
277
273
336
8:0
3.0
4.1
670
841 1,238.9
French
1
24
54
2
186
383
94
218
0.1
2.3
6
247 573.0
Czechoslovakian
Latvian
1
Javanese
1
2
1
1
Total
395
649
485
1,756
3,963
2,550 1,133
2,447
1,824
45.0
223.7
171.7
3,105.0
6,357 4,665.0
TABLE LI,
Licences and Certificates.
LICENCES OR CERTIFICATES ISSUED.
Number of
Licences or
Certificates
Year ended
Year ended
Year ended
31st December,
31st December,
31st December,
Year ended 31st December,
current on
31st December,
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Licences for Pilots (Private)
13
18
52
16
1939.
31
Licences for Pilots (Commercial)
3
3
6
2
3
Number of Pilots holding Commercial Licences
who also hold Private Licences
1
1
1
Licences for Navigators
Licences for Ground Engineers
Certificates of Registration Heavier-than-air-craft Lighter-than-air-craft Certificates of Airworthiness Heavier-than-air-craft Lighter-than-air-craft Licences for Aerodromes
33- 33 -3.
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
4
10
Nil
2
6
Nil
Nil
Nil
QEN EE
2
Nil
9
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
6
6
Nil
Nil
Nil
5
Nil
4
Nil
Nil
(1 Government)
1 (Government)
1 (Government) (1 Government)
TABLE LII.
D 48
Passengers
Freight
Banknotes
Bullion
Comparative General Totals for 1938 and 1939.
Total for 1 year ending 1938.
9,969 120,823.099 Kilos
199,554.493 Kilos
Weight in Kilos Value in H.K. Dollars.
6,668.668 Kilos
3,475.055 Kilos
$39,907,795.21
$12,974,962.61
Total for 1 year ending 1939.
6,161
108,362.275 Kilos
180,618.297 Kilos
Weight in Kilos Value in H.K. Dollars 19,120.109 Kilos
3,512.472 Kilos
$95,302,377.28
$15,461,037.99
Appendix E.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
I. GENERAL.
1. In order to meet the need for economy in the use of paper during war time efforts have been made to condense the contents of this report as much as possible. In particular the tabular appendices have been revised and compressed and in some cases this has entailed the disappearance of certain items of informa- tion which were formerly shown under separate headings. Full information in terms of the old tables is, however, available and may be obtained on application.
II. LIQUOR.
2. The net revenue derived from liquor in 1939 was $3,564,848, which is $443,884 more than in 1938. Of this increase approximately 60% is attributable to receipts from duties on native type liquor and is the result of the abnormal increase in the numbers of the Chinese population of the Colony. The increase in revenue is divisible between duties paid by local distillers and duties paid by importers in a ratio of, roughly 2: 1.
3. The remaining 40% of the net increase is accounted for by receipts from duties on European liquors, but nearly one third of this is chargeable to duties on spirits of wine and spirituous liquors. Among potable liquors, whisky, brandy and imported beer show the biggest gains, but the last item must be offset by a decrease of $28,786 in the duty paid by the local brewery. The consumption of gin and cocktails also shows a slight decrease, (1,405 gallons) as compared with the previous
year.
4. The rates of duty on European wines and spirits were materially increased by a Resolution of the Legislative Council on the 12th October, but in view of the large stocks of duty paid liquor on the market at that date it is doubtful whether the revised rates have had any appreciable effect upon the revenue figures under
review.
5. As compared with last year there has probably been a slight increase in smuggling of Chinese spirits into the Colony, a consequence of improved oppor- tunities for transportation and of the fall in value of the Chinese dollar which has increased the smugglers' margin of profit. It cannot be said, however, that evasion of duty by this method has attained serious proportions, or that the problem of smuggling by importation is in any way comparable to that presented by illicit local distillation. The latter has continued to be a source of constant trouble throughout the year and has necessitated continuous vigilance and counter measures in the shape of patrols and raids on suspected villages.
6. It is not possible to speak with certainty, but the fact that only 89 illicit stills were seized as compared with 165 in 1938 may perhaps indicate that these repeated raidings are having a deterrent effect. On the other hand it must be remembered that the local "moonshiner" not only enjoys the advantages of a hilly and inaccessible terrain liberally provided with observation posts and hiding places, but is also in the fortunate position of requiring no expensive apparatus for the prosecution of his trade. The seizure of a still, unless accompanied by the seizure and confiscation of a fairly large quantity of fermentable material, does not inflict a very heavy loss on the distillers. In this connexion it may be mentioned that towards the end of the year there were signs that the rising cost of rice was seriously affect- ing the profits of this illicit trade.
E 2
7. As in 1938 Cha Kwo Lin heads the list of persistent offenders. This village is so placed that it is almost impossible for revenue officers to approach it unobserved while at the same time it enjoys easy access to the large markets of Kowloon City and Shaukiwan. The institution of a special patrol in the neighbourhood of Customs Pass proved most efficacious in hampering the illicit activities of this district generally.
8. In April the Tai Sang distillery at Tsun Wan was detected in a serious case of evasion of duty. In principle the fraud was the ancient one of secret distillation and sale of unrecorded spirit, but the case was distinguished by the remarkable ingenuity displayed in tampering with the kongs of fermenting mash and in the manner in which the locked door to the spirit strong room had been adapted to give access to the spirit without showing any signs of illicit entry. The master of the distillery eventually pleaded guilty to whereas the increase in non-Empire raw subsequently closed down. Apart from this case the working of local distilleries was satisfactory throughout the year.
III. TOBACCO.
9. The total consumption of tobacco of all kinds for all purposes was 8,378,780 lbs; and the total net revenue from tobacco duties was $6,362,972. The records. set in 1938 were thus exceeded by 814,745 lbs and $1,172,271 respectively, but in considering the revenue figures account should be taken of the fact that the amount of duty refunded on drawback was $2,985,126, which is $352,209 less than in 1938.
10. It is clear from a study of these figures that the increase in revenue as compared with the previous year is attributable to increased demand within the Colony itself. The enormous increase during the last three years in the manufac- ture of tobacco and cigarettes in Hong Kong is, of course, the result of unsettled conditions in China which have led to the transfer of business to this Colony.
11.
•
In 1939 these conditions resulted in a shortage of Chinese raw leaf and Empire raw leaf was largely used as a substitute. The increase in consumption of this tobacco is 588,517 lbs. over 1938, whereas the increase in non-Empire raw leaf is only 157,872 lbs.
12. Cigarettes seized during the year amounted to 99,000 as compared with about 7,000 in 1938. Two large seizures were made, one of 44,000 cigarettes on the waterfront and one of 21,000 cigarettes on board a ship entering the Colony from Shanghai. The remaining seizures were all small and the cigarettes were mainly of Shanghai origin. It is probable that, as in the case of imported liquors, the de- preciation of the Chinese dollar is tempting the smuggler with a handsome margin of profit.
13. Smuggling of Chinese tobacco from Macao continued on much the same scale as in 1938. Seizures have increased by about 2,000 lbs., but this is accounted for by the inclusion of 1,700 lbs. of tobacco from Sha U Chung which was seized as unmanifested cargo.
IV. MOTOR SPIRIT.
1
14. There was an increase of $440,483 in revenue in comparison with last year. This was due partly to the new taxation on hydrocarbon oils, whereby heavy oil used in road vehicles was charged thirty cents per gallon, and partly to the increase of duty on light oils from thirty cents to sixty cents per gallon as a result of the outbreak of the European War.
V.-OPIUM.
15. The total amount of prepared opium sold during the year was 83,178.80 taels and the total net revenue was $914, 145.25, an increase over 1938 of 58,149 taels and $622,026, respectively. This increase is entirely in respect of sales of Singapore opium, the sales of Kam Shan opium, which is sold only to a limited number of registered smokers, showing a decrease of 552 taels, or about 15%.
་
E 3
16. There can be no doubt that this amazing increase is the direct result of the shortage of illicit raw opium which, severe towards the end of 1938, has deepened steadily throughout the whole of 1939 and still shows no signs of easing. With the extension of the Sino-Japanese conflict to South China the Hong Kong market has been virtually cut off from its supplies of Chinese raw opium and, as there has been a continued scarcity of Iranian raw opium, the price of smuggled opium in Hong Kong has risen to a figure which approximates to the selling price of Government opium. Further evidence of this state of affairs is to be found in the list of seizures for the year. Only 10,107 taels of raw opium were seized as compared with 27,084 taels in 1938, 23,149 taels in 1937, 68,373 taels in 1936 and 46,333 taels in 1935.
17. The opium account for the year shows a profit of $300,709.44.
18. Chinese Raw Opium. Of the 10,107 taels of raw opium seized during the year 7,380 taels were Chinese raw opium as compared with 25,075 taels in 1938. The most important seizure was made in May, when 2,650 taels were found beneath the coal in the bunkers of the S.S. Tak Sang in Hong Kong Harbour. There is no reason to believe that this opium had formed part of a larger consignment the bulk of which had already been disposed of outside the Colony but that the amount discovered was intended for sale in Hong Kong. A fireman was arrested who pleaded guilty to a charge of possession and received a sentence of 12 months' imprisonment. The only other major seizure was of 1,500 taels aboard the S.S. Wing Wo.
19. Persian Raw Opium. There were 38 seizures of Persian raw opium totalling 2,727 taels as opposed to 72 seizures and 2,009 taels in 1938. Three of the seizures were of amounts over 500 taels but, except for the fact that in each case the indications were that the opium was intended for local consumption, there are no features of special interest to record.
20. Prepared Opium. Seizures of prepared opium were also slightly smaller than last year, the total being 10,230 as against 12,758 taels. More than half this amount was prepared opium of the well known Red Lion brand, the origin of which is uncertain. The biggest seizure was of 2,840 taels found in a dump on the hillside at Pokfulam and the next biggest was of 1,902 taels which were ingeniously concealed in a special cement lined compartment inset in a sleeping platform on the premises of the Wing Fong Bricquet Co. at Tsun Wan.
21. Opium Divans. 1,095 divans were raided in 1939, 440 in Hong Kong and 655 in Kowloon. As has been stated before in these reports, the great difficulty in dealing with divans is that they are always under the management of hired "keepers" who are fully prepared to accept responsibility and, if necessary, to go to prison, secure in the knowledge that they will be compensated when they are released. Divans which have been raided and closed down reopen at the same address under a different keeper in an incredibly short space of time. To meet this a policy of intensive raiding by districts was adopted during the year. Certain districts were subjected to continuous pressure for a period of months during which period every known divan was raided again and again until at last the address was abandoned for purposes of divan keeping. It is not claimed that this policy offers a solution of the divan problem, but it has undoubtedly been effective in breaking up some well established haunts and in causing the divan owners considerable trouble and expense. An interesting sidelight on the illicit opium situation is provided by the fact that in the latter part of the year it was not uncommon to find Government opium or an admixture of Government opium in the seizures made in divans.
VI. HEROIN.
22. It is satisfactory to be able to record a steady improvement in the heroin situation in the Colony throughout the year. The intensive campaign against smugglers, pill factories and divans which was begun during the latter half of 1938, has been continued without remission and with good measure of success.
To some extent this success has been due to adventitious factors, namely a general shortage
E 4
of supplies of heroin, temporary disruption of supplies of the auxiliary ingredients, caffeine, quinine, sugar of milk, etc. following the outbreak of war in Europe and, strangely enough, to the housing shortage in the Colony, which has made it more difficult for the manufacturers of heroin pills to secure adequate accommodation for. their factories within urban limits. While acknowledging these aids, however, it may fairly be claimed that the most potent causes have been the successful detection of numerous factories, the relentless raiding of divans and the exemplary sentences imposed by the Courts on all convicted of the manufacture of heroin pills or of smuggling of this drug.
23. Altogether 3,741,914 heroin pills and 115 9/10 ounces of heroin were seized as compared with 2,713,181 pills and 31 ounces in 1938. Most of these seizures were made in heroin pill factories and the figures are the more meritorious in that it is known that the amount of heroin entering the Colony was less than in previous years.
An unwilling tribute to the success of the department's detective work is also paid by the immeasurably greater precautions now being taken by smugglers in covering their tracks. Unfortunately it is inexpedient to give details in a public report but it may be safely said that though these precautions have undoubtedly increased the difficulties of detection they have also increased the expenses and reduced the profits of the heroin trade.
24. Approximately 36 factories have been successfully raided during the year. More than a third of these have been large scale establishments employing between 5-10 workers and provided with ample apparatus. A feature of the year's successes has been that many of these factories were located and raided almost immediately after they had first commenced work and before they had had time to show a profit. It is undoubtedly due to these successes, as well as to the housing shortage already referred to, that factories have been established in outlying suburbs and even in remote country districts. Perhaps the most interesting and satisfactory seizure of the year was made at a lonely beach on Lan Tau Island, where a large scale factory had just been established in a matshed. No less than 48 ounces of heroin were seized together with 56,200 pills and 1,429 lbs. of auxiliary ingredients. Five persons were arrested and all were convicted and sentenced to five years' hard labour. The raid was carried out on the night of the day on which the factory commenced work.
25. As in the case of opium the system of intensive and repeated raiding of divans was carried out with marked success. The number raided by this department alone was 649 and approximately 5,000 pipes and 11,000 lamps were seized and destroyed. As the year progressed there was a marked decline in the prosperity of the divans and there was ample evidence that the depression in the heroin traffic was making itself felt. Analysis of pills seized revealed a considerable diminution of the heroin content, and it was noticeable that most of the divans were catering more and more for opium smokers as an offset to the loss of heroin trade.
VII. LEGISLATION.
26. Early in the year a new ordinance called the Hydrocarbon Oils Ordin- ance was passed and the Motor Spirit Ordinance was repealed.
The new ordinance provided for the taxation of all light oils as had been in the case of the Motor Spirit Ordinance, but it went a stage further by taxing heavy oils imported into the Colony for use as fuel in any heavy oil road vehicles. The change was rendered necessary by the fact that many buses had been converted from petrol into heavy oil vehicles and Government was losing revenue formerly drawn from this source.
VIII. CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN.
27. There has been a considerable increase in the work done by this depart- ment in connexion with the issue of certificates of origin. The total number of certificates issued was 26,586 an increase of 9,120 over the 1938 total of 17,466.
+
1
28.
E 5
"new"
As explained in the report for last year, goods manufactured for export to the Colonial dependencies now require a certificate of Empire content to qualify for admission to Empire preference. These certificates, known locally as certificates, were introduced in May, 1938, and 6,036 were issued during the remainder of that year.
In 1939 this total has risen to 14,670, evidence that the system is working smoothly and is proving of benefit in those very markets which probably hold the best prospects for the industry of the Colony.
29. When these 'new' certificates were introduced it was expected that there would be a decrease in the number of 'old' certificates, the use of which was now confined to exports to the United Kingdom and the Dominions. This, however, has not been the case and, owing mainly to an increase in exports to South Africa, the number of 'old' certificates issued was 10, 337, or 120 more than in 1938.
30. Form N certificates issued in respect of "spun, woven and finished" goods also show an increase of 480 over 1938 figures, in fact the only decrease is in "late certificates" which have fallen from 149 to 35. This would appear to indicate that manufacturers are becoming better acquainted with the system generally and are taking greater pains to avoid errors. There were 402 factories on the register at the beginning of 1939 and 60 were added during the course of the year as com- pared with 68 during 1938. On the other hand only 2 factories were removed from the register as against 12 in the previous year so that the final record is 460 registered factories. Among the new entries are 24 knitting factories, 9 weaving factories and 11 factories for the manufacture of clothing.
31. Inspection of factories has been carried out as usual, though the increase in numbers, combined with the increase of work in connexion with the issue of certi- ficates, has thrown a heavy strain on the staff involved.
IX.-TRADE STATISTICS.
32. Despite continued hostilities in China, and in particular the Japanese blockade of South and Middle China ports, and notwithstanding the inevitable reper- cussions of the European War, the trade of the Colony was well maintained during the year 1939. In the aggregate the total trade in merchandise decreased by only 0.2% as compared with 1938. Imports declined by 3.9% on average, whilst exports increased by 4.2%.
33. Trade with the South China area dropped very considerably during the year, but this was largely offset by increased trade with North China and French Indo-China. Trade with Germany automatically ceased after the declaration of war in September. Before this the Colony had imported German merchandise valued at $13.1 millions in 1939 as compared with $39.0 millions in the full year 1938, and had exported to Germany $12.6 millions as compared with $13.1 millions in the full year 1938. There were increased exports to the U.S.S.R., consisting mainly of China tea, the export market for which is now located in the Colony. Both im- ports from and exports to Japan showed a marked increase. Imports from the United Kingdom declined, whilst exports thereto increased slightly.
34. Total imports of merchandise were valued at $594.2 millions in 1939 as compared with $618.1 millions in 1938, and exports $533.4 millions as compared with $511.9 millions.
35. There were increased percentages of the total import trade recorded by Japan, French Indo-China, British Malaya, and miscellaneous countries at present grouped under the heading of "Other Countries"; and increased export percentages by British Malaya, French Indo-China, Japan, United Kingdom, Macao, U.S.A., Kwong Chow Wan, Philippine Islands, India and "Other Countries" (chiefly U.S.S.R.).
- E 6
36. According to an index constructed at the Statistical Office, wholesale prices in the Colony showed a general average decline of 2.0% in 1939, as compared with 1938, and 2.4% as compared with 1937. The foodstuff group increased by 2.5% in 1939 as compared with 1938, and decreased by 1.0% as compared with 1937; the textile group decreased by 8.5% in 1939 as compared with 1938, and 9.8% as compared with 1937; metals and minerals group decreased by 1.6% as compared with 1938, and 0.8% as compared with 1937; the miscellaneous group decreased by 1.1% as compared with 1938, and increased by 1.2% as compared with 1937.
Conclusion.
37. It will be obvious from this report that 1939 has been a very busy year for all members of this department. Some reflection of the increase in routine duties is to be found in the record net revenue of $12,508,468 collected during the year, while the outbreak of war and the appointment of the Superintendent of Imports and Exports as Controller of Trade have necessitated the assumption of additional work in connexion with the prevention of enemy trading and the control of specified exports.
April, 1940.
E. W. HAMILTON,
Superintendent of Imports & Exports.
"
匾
•
'
3
E 7
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.
Personal Emoluments (1)
1937.
1938.
1939.
363,839.82 376,783.79
376,783.79 372,863.11.
Other Charges:-
Advertisements
19.58
12.50
Binding Permits
120.00
120.00
120.00
Torches & Batteries
225.46
160.88
197.66
Conveyance Allowance
4,843.34
4,871.90
4,547.61
Elec. Light, Fans & Heating
1,382.12
1,316.91
1,389.59
Gas for Laboratory
166.06
145.06
103.08
Incidental Expenses
442.82
354.43
467.25
Laboratory Stores
717.83
895.06
981.17
Liquor Labels, Printing
1,795.00
1,965.00
2,470.00
Office Cleaning Materials
174.47
222.59
204.98
Overtime Allce. for Clerical Staff
297.75
281.25
333.00
Rent of Public Telephone
103.17
114.00
114.00
Rent of Staff Quarters in N. T.
1,680.00
1,680.00
1,680.00
Stationery, &c.
52.95
107.59
31.20
Transport
825.54
1,032.43
1,330.85
Uniforms & Equipment
3,461.01
5,805.46
4,982.89
Opium: Incidental Expenses
15.68
25.10
73.55
Preparation & Carriage
20,123.54
22,519.12
84,418.02
Rewards for illicit
Opium Seizures
31,750.00
12,471.00
7,923.00
Transport
22.00
17.20
64.00
Expenses of 13 Government
Opium Shops
17,880.80
17,938.89
18,645.94
Statistical Branch:-
Book Binding
Cleaning Materials
Elec. Light & Heating
Incidental Expenses
Miscellaneous Stationery
Printing of Reports
Transport
Uniforms for Coolies & Messengers..
120.00
120.00
120.00
77.90
62.68
85.12
308.61
362.07
411.16
198.44
192.67
192.54
3.54
6,858.00
6,972.00
6,862.00
77.97 87.38
75.07 112.23
81.90 138.60
93,830.96
79,940.59
137,981.61
Total Other Charges
Special Expenditure:-
Purchase of 1 Long Carriage Typewriter
336.00
""
""
1 Gestetner Duplicator ...
945.00
4 Bicycles
240.00
""
Total Special Expenditure
336.00
945.00
240.00
Grand Total
458,006.78
457,669.38
511,084.72
Footnote:-(1) Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A. Staff & Junior Clerical Service.
....
Duties:-
Liquor Duties
Motor Spirit Duties
Tobacco Duties
Licences & Internal Revenue:-
Liquor Licences
Motor Spirit Licences
Opium Monopoly
Tobacco Licences
Fines & Forfeitures:-
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.
1937
1938
1939
Gross
Net
Gross
Net
Gross
Net
$
2,504,330.70
2,393,904.53
3,048,480.44
2,959,386.93
3,497,039.71
809,022.49
6,601,683.40
799,303.73 4,432,203.16
964,300.44 8,528,036.29
3,397,959.71 955,033.69 1,405,748.81 1,395,516.72 5,190,701.10 9,348,099.37 6,362,972.58
162,115.84
162,115.84
161,587.50
161,587.50
166,898.84
3,860.00
3,860.00
4,085.00
4,085.00
5,630.00
317,789.60
314,769.60
348,090.64
345,090.64
1,028,269.76
*1,025,269.76
| 166,898.84
5,630.00
E 8
72,359.50
72,359.50
82,504.50
82,504.50
82,234.17
82,234.17
Forfeitures
77.92
77.92
26,191.40
26,191.40
Fees of Court or Office:-
Official Signatures Fees Official Certificates
3,700.00
21,229.00
3,700.00
21,229.00
9,265.00
17,928.00
9,265.00
10,930.00
10,930.00
17,924.00
28,114.00
28,112.00
Miscellaneous Receipts:-
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
Total
4,572.77
4,572.77
17,795.16
17,795.16
6,752.94
6,752.94
10,500,741,22
8,208,096.05 | 13,182,072.97
9,743,373.52 15,605,909.00
12,508,468.12
*Less Opium Expenses shown in Table I-$111,124.51-Net $914,145.25
E 9
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE & REVENUE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.
Personal (1)
Emoluments
Year
and Other
Charges
Special Expenditure
Total Expenditure
Total
Revenue
$
1937.....
457,670.78
336.00
458,006.78 8,208,096.05
1938.....
456,724.38
945.00
457,669.38 9,743,373.52
1939.....
510,844.72
240.00
511,084.72
12,508,468.12
(1) Includes Officers of Cadet Service, S.C. & A. Staff and
Junior Clerical Service attached to Department.
Table IV.
RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1939.
EUROPEAN TYPE LIQUOR.
Class of Liquor.
Gallons.
Amount of Duty
collected.
$
C.
Ale, Beer, Cider and Stout,
478,161
382,528.64
Beer (Local),
168,358
117,850.46
Brandy,
17,628
190,427.67
""
(Empire),
5,540
29,586.23
Whisky,
40,509
417,622.24
Gin and Cocktail,
19,022
196,095.42
Rum,
4,231
44,161.88
Champagne and Sparkling Wine,
2,795
42,023.67
Claret,
872
4,502.28
Port Wine,
8,413
59,316.18
Sherry, Madeira and Malaga,
5,670
38,042.41
Vermouth;
2,786
14,350.80
Liqueur,
2,779
39,640.37
Spirits of Wine,
31,340
176,779.97
Spirituous Liquor,
22,840
56,303.92
Miscellaneous,
8,825
48,304.34
Difference on over-proof, fractions
and arrears of duty,
8,264.14
Total
819,769
1,865,800.62
NOTE: Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.
E 10
Table IVA.
RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1939. CHINESE AND JAPANESE LIQUOR.
Liquor distilled locally. collected.
Amount of duty
Imported Liquor.
Amount of duty collected.
Gallons.
C. Gallons.
C.
Total Amount of duty collected.
C.
Native Spirits not more than 25% of alcohol by weight,
844,080
1,266,120.00 63,061
110,357.44
1,376,477.44
Native Spirits over 25% of alcohol by weight,
16,376
32,885.28
3,694
192,193.34
225,078.62
Northern Spirits over 25%
of alcohol by weight,
61,042
Northern Spirits not more
than 25% of alcohol by weight,
Japanese Sake,
15,689
27,455.15
27,455.15
1,485
2,227.88
2,227.88
Total
$1,631,239.09
NOTE: Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.
Table V.
RETURN OF LIQUOR LICENCES ISSUED AND SUMMARY OF REVENUE DERIVED FROM LIQUOR DURING THE YEAR 1939.
$
Brewery Licence
Dealer's Licence
Licensed Warehouse Licence
Chinese Liquor Shop Licence
Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence: Restricted Grocer's Licence
Distillery Licence:-
(a) Hong Kong and Aplichau .... (b) Kowloon, South of Kowloon Hill
(c) New Territories, North
(d) New Territories, South
Canteen Licence
1
400.00
33
33,000.00
1
210
125,945.84
19
23
3,400.00 3,450.00
疯
5
1 2 3
4
14
3
700.00 3.00
Total
166,898.84
Duties on European Type Liquor
1,632,716.73
Duties on Spirituous Liquor
233,083.89
Duties on Chinese & Japanese Liquor
1,631,239.09
3,497,039.71
Refund of Liquor Duties
99,080.00
Net Total
3,397,959.71
Grand Total
3,564,858.55
$
E 11
Table VI,
RETURN OF TOBACCO LICENCES ISSUED AND SUMMARY OF REVENUE DERIVED FROM TOBACCO DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Importer's Licences
Licensed Warehouse Licences
Manufacturer's Licences
Retailer's Licences :---
(a) $30.00
(b) $20.00
(c) $10.00
Squatter's Licences
Canteen Licences
Miscellaneous
Duty on:-
Total
Cigars
Cigarettes
European Tobacco
Chinese Prepared Tobacco
Clean Tobacco Leaf
Raw Tobacco Leaf (Empire)
$
$
CA
41
4,100.00
3
600.00
16
2,308.33
1,397
1,288
468
72.242.84
356
2,848.00
29
29.00
106.00
82,234.17
lbs
10,071
26,184.60
480,401
793,529.87
25,441 45,793.80
16,596 23,234.40
42,910
53,637.50
889,893 800,903.70
Raw Tobacco Leaf (Non-Empire) Snuff
6,913,467 7,604,813.70
1
1.80
Less Drawback
9,348,099.37 2,985,126.79
Net Total
Grand Total
6,362,972.58
6,445,206.75
Table VII.
RETURN OF LICENCES ISSUED AND REVENUE DERIVED FROM MOTOR SPIRIT DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Licensed Warehouse Licences
Importer's Licences (General)
Importer's Licences (Special)
Retailer's Licences
Total
Duties on Imported Motor Spirit
Total
$
$
6
1,500.00
35
3,500.00
3
300.00
66
330.00
5,630.00
1,395,516.72
1,401,146.72
E 12
Table VIII.
TOTAL AMOUNT OF PREPARED OPIUM SOLD DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Kam Shan Bengal Opium
2,703.00 taels
Singapore Opium
Total
Table IX,
80,475.80
22
83,178.80 taels
STATEMENT OF OPIUM TRANSHIPPED DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Turkish
Iranian
Total
Chests.
Chests.
Chests.
From Bushire via Bombay
450
450
To Macao
450
450
Total
450
450
Table IXA.
STATEMENT OF OPIUM IN TRANSIT DURING THE YEAR 1939.
From Hamburg
To Keelung via Kobe
Total
Turkish
Iranian
Total
Chests.
Chests.
Chests.
"
35
35
35
35
35
35
1
#
A
E 13
Table X.
CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS IN HONG KONG,
KOWLOON AND NEW TERRITORIES, 1939.
(1) Opium.
Prepared
Raw
Opium Dross
(2) Arms.
Dynamite
Seizures.
9,615.8 Taels 8,686.91
27.9
1,265
138
,,
4
""
164
Sticks.
1
(3) Tobacco.
Cigars
1,975
Pieces.
1
Cigarettes
99,003
14
Chinese Tobacco
9,0961
Pounds.
311
(4) Liquor.
Chinese Spirit
European Spirit
(5) Dangerous Drugs.
Heroin
1,4942 Gallons.
5.1/6
167
4
""
95.7/12 oz & 15 grains.
7
Heroin Pills
3,360,276
Pieces.
700
Heroin Pipes
5,115
678
Morphine Sulphate
.096
Gram.
1
Morphine Pills
2,776
Pieces.
3
(6) Hydrocarbon.
Turpentine
(7) Miscellaneous.
208
Gallons.
1
Illicit Stills
89
Stills.
75
Forged Bank Notes
1
($10 Note)
1
Lottery Tickets
Small Crafts confiscated ...
3
3
Bicycle confiscated
1
1
Dutiable Motor Spirit
4
Gallons.
1
Larcenies
3
Bicycles.
3
(8) Unmanifested Cargo.
Silver Ingots
Silver Ingots
Silver Dollars
Wolfram Ore
Electric Ware
Tins & Zinc.
3,945
Pounds.
1
104
Pieces.
1
6,541
""
174
Pounds.
1
Lot.
42 2
5 Tons.
1
Cotton & Silk
65 Bags.
E 14
Table XA.
Chinese Tobacco
Cigarettes
CONTRABAND SEIZED BY THE POLICE, 1939.
Chinese Spirits
European Liquor
Raw Opium (Chinese and Iranian)
Prepared Opium (2nd and 3rd grade) Opium Dross
Diacetylmorphine Pills
Diacetylmorphine Hydrochloride
Diacetylmorphine Admixture
818.88 lbs.
4,150 551.93 gals. 2.70 gals. 1,420 taels
614 taels
1.1 taels
381,638
20.32 ounces
8 ounces
Table XI,
Possession
Boiling
PROSECUTIONS BY IMPORTS & EXPORTS DEPARTMENT IN HONG KONG, KOWLOON, & NEW TERRITORIES, 1939.
(1) Opium.
Arrests.
Convictions.
Bail Estreated.
1,484
1,420
13
12
9
1
Exporting
(2) Arms.
Possession (Dynamite)
7
(3) Tobacco.
Possession Cigars
1
Possession Cigarettes
8
5
2
Possession Chinese Tobacco
280
250
9
Importing
2
2
Unlicensed Selling
4
4
(4) Liquor.
Possession European Wine
3
3
Possession Chinese Spirit
129
121
3
Possession Stills
40
37
Distilling
Unlicensed Selling
(5) Dangerous Drugs.
Possession Heroin
33
33
1
1
20
15
Possession Heroin Pills
809
777
Possession Heroin Pipes
683
668
Possession Morphine Sulphate
2
2
(6) Hydrocarbon.
Possession Turpentine
1
1
(7) Miscellaneous.
Unmanifested Cargo
15
14
Dutiable Motor Spirit
1
1
Forged Bank Notes
1
1
Larcenies (Bicycles)
3
3
Total
3,538
3,368
28
4
E 15
Table XII.
Fines and Forfeitures collected by the Courts under Opium, Liquor & Tobacco Ordinances.
Hong Kong Magistracy
Kowloon
""
District Office, North
District Office, South
Total
$14,203.21
4,673.65
2,948.50
3,234.58
$25,059.94
REWARDS PAID.
For Opium
For Drugs, Liquor & Tobacco, &c.
$ 7,924.00 20,742.42
Total
$28,666.42
Table XIII,
OPIUM & DANGEROUS DRUG SEIZURES DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Raw Opium:-
Number of Quantity in
Cases.
Taels.
Chinese
142
7,380
Iranian
38
2,727
Total
180
10,107
Prepared Opium :-
Red Lion
15
5,746
French Indo China
16
1,015
Macao
5
80
Amoy
1
11
Kwong Chow Wan
105
1,949
Doubtful
1,318
1,429
Total
1,460
10,230
Opium Dross
6
29
Opium Water
13
23 gallons.
Dangerous Drugs :-
*
Diacetylmorphine Hydrochloride
11
115 9/10 ounces and 15 grains.
Diacetylmorphine Pills
794
3,741,914 pills.
Diacetylmorphine Admixture
1
8 ounces.
Morphine Sulphate
1
0.096 gram.
Morphine Pills
3
2,776 pills.
Kind of Opium
Water front, Quarry Bay.. Iranian, Raw
E 16
Table XIV.
MAJOR SEIZURES OF OPIUM DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Place of Seizure
Destination Indicated by Circumstances of Seizure
720 | Hong Kong.
Taels
Garage of 18 Tai Hang
Road
Iranian, Raw
564 | Hong Kong.
Garage of 18 Tai Hang
Road
Red Lion, Prepared
1,080 | Hong Kong.
Hillside, Pokfulam
(A) Red Lion,
Prepared
1,999 Unknown.
1
Chinese, Raw
S.S. "Wing Wo" Victoria
Harbour
Chinese, Raw
S.S. "Tak Sang" Victoria
Harbour
Unnumbered hut, Ma Wan
Island
Wing Fong Co. Godown
Gindrinker's Bay,
(B) Kwong Chow
Wan, Prepared..
841 2,840
2,650 | Hong Kong.
1,500 | Hong Kong.
500 Unknown.
Red Lion, Prepared ..
Tsun Wan, New Territories
(A) Red Lion
Prepared
China (B) French Indo-
1,000 Probably for
export.
"
902 1,902
10 Clarence Terrace, 3rd
floor
Red Lion Prepared
920 | Hong Kong.
Navy Street
Iranian, Raw
720 | Hong Kong.
Connaught Road Central
Chinese, Raw
575 | Hong Kong.
Table XV.
IMPORTATION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Kilos.
Codeine as Alkaloid
3.452
Codeine, in preparations containing
0.172
Ethylmorphine
0.240
Ethylmorphine, in preparations containing
0.720
Raw Opium (Medicinal type)
0.907
Medicinal Opium
2.261
Medicinal Opium, in preparations containing
8.758
Morphine as alkaloid, salts and preparations containing.
0.738
Cocaine as alkaloid, salts and preparations containing
0.321
Dicodide, in preparations containing
Eukodal, in preparations containing
0.008
- E 17
Table XVI.
Table showing Registration of Factories for purpose of Issue of Certificates of Origin, and the number of such Certificates for the period 1.1.39 to 31.12.39.
Number
State of
Register
Regist-
Enterprise.
ered
Number removed
State of No. of Register Certs. of
on
during
during
on
Origin
31.12.38.
1939.
31.12.39. issued.
1939.
Aerated water & prop., med.
1
1
Bakelite Art.
1
1
11
Batteries for Flashlamps.
13
13
127
Beer.
1
1
11
Bulbs for Flashlamps.
3
3
78
Buttons.
1
1
2
4
Camphor and teakwood Boxes. ...
15
1
16
481
Canning & Preserving.
15
1
16
182
,
Cement.
1
1
204
Chemicals.
1
1
2
Cigarettes & Cigars.
3
3
10
Clothing i.e. Tailored suits.
5
LO
5
Confectionery and Biscuits.
4
4
9
Cosmetics & Perfumery.
11
11
392
Dyeing Paper.
1
1
Embroidery..
5
3
8
Feather Dusters.
1
1
Firecrackers.
1
1
83
Flashlights.
17
2
19
628
Garments-made up.
32
11
43
5,429
Glass Bottles.
3
3
2
Handkerchiefs.
1
1
Ink.
Hardware.
Hats and Caps.
Hurricane Lamps.
Ivoryware.
2
2
3
8
8
965
1
1
64
....
1
1
3
3
Knitted Wear.
93
24
1
116
11,083
* Included in Garments-made up.
E 18
Table XVI-Continued.
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN Continued (1).
Number
State of
Enterprise.
Register
Regist-
ered
on
31.12.38.
during 1939.
on
Number State of No. of removed Register Certs. of
during
Origin
1939. 31.12.39.
issued.
Leather and art.
19
19
286
Leather Goods.
Lard and dried meats.
7
7
Mosquito Destroyer.
4
4
57
Mirrors.
4
27
Noodles & Macaroni.
1
1
Oil, groundnut.
3
CO
Paint, Varnish, and Lacquer.
2
Pencils and Crayons.
1
Printing, Paper and Cartons.
3
Printing, silk.
N
Rattan and Seagrass Ware.
17
Rope.
1
Silverware.
1
119
2
21
1
3
3
6
53
17
189
1
4
1
Shoes, leather and misc. foot-
21
1
22
wear.
437
Shoes, Rubber.
4
ون
3
1
6
1,747
Soap.
2
2
String.
2
2
36
Sugar refining.
1
1
497
Thread.
1
1
Toothpicks.
1
1
4
Towels and napkins.
now included in Weaving
Toys.
1
1
23
Umbrellas.
12
12
200
1
Vermillion.
4
4
Weaving.
44
9
53
1,569
Motor boat hull.
2
TOTALS
402
60
2
460
25,042
E 19
Table XVII.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBERS OF DECLARATIONS RECEIVED
AND ITEMS ENTERED. THEREFROM IN 1938 AND 1939.
DECLARATIONS.
ITEMS.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
January February March
40,455
32,181
87,229
78,968
26,806
27,272
63,265
64,495
48,187
35,573
107,703
88,225
April
44,897
35,053
99,817
87,318
May June July
44,987
38,739
99,687
97,977
39,294
36,988
84,481
93,735
38,670
33,264
82,800
83,900
August
44,280
34,887
95,574
87,128
}
September
42,956
30,701
95,595
77,268
October
35,437
32,891
84,512
82,880
November
28,373
32,110
70,289
83,751
December
32,371
32,521
78,407
87,955
Total:
466,713
402,180
1,049,359
1,013,600
Average:
38,893
33,515
87,447
84,467
Table XVIII.
NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED DURING 1939.
Ocean.
River.
Junk.
Total.
January
609
688
1,046
2,343
February
562
725
517
1,804
March
677
811
841
2,329
April
680
681
655
2,016
May
739
713
716
2,168
June
714
691
599
2,004
July
662
667
638
1,967
August
652
643
497
1,792
September
563
764
533
1,860
October
628
785
639
2,052
November
580
763
680
2,023
December
553
779
1,147
2,479
Total:
7,619
8,710
8,508
24,837
Average per month :-.....
635
726
709
2,070
E 20
Table XIX.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED
IN 1938 AND 1939.
Inward.
Outward.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
Ocean
4,064
3,742
4,290
3,877
River
3,699
4,391
3,74
4,019
Junk
4,101
4,489
3,818
4,319
Total
11,864
12,622
11,852
12,215
1938.
1939.
Grand Total :---
23,716
24,837
Average per month :--
1,976
2,070
རྐ་
Appendix F.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY,
HONG KONG, FOR THE YEAR 1939.
I.-GROUNDS, BUILDINGS AND INSTRUMENTS.
The Beckley instrument was dismantled at Victoria Peak on the 5th January. A modern head for the Dines Baxendell Anemograph was installed at the Observatory on the 11th January. Registration by Dines anemographs was commenced at Victoria Peak on the 19th January, and at Kai Tak Aerodrome on the 29th March.
II. METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.
2. Automatic records of the temperature of the air and evaporation were obtained with the resistance thermometers and thread recorder. Direction and velocity of the wind were recorded by a Dines-Baxendell anemograph, rainfall by a Casella pluviograph, sunshine by a Campbell-Stokes universal recorder and barometric pressure by a Marvin barograph. Eye observations of barometric pressure, temperature and cloud were made hourly, and of the direction of cloud motion every three hours. Observations of pilot balloons were made with a Watts 11 inch prismatic theodolite at 7 a.m. and 2 p.m. when conditions were favourable.
3. The principal features of the weather in 1939 were:-
(a) an excess of rainfall in April and May, and a deficiency in the
succeeding five months.
(b) the typhoon of November 23rd. This was the only occasion on which the wind reached gale force in Hong Kong during the year, a maximum gust of 74 m.p.h. being registered. Although the typhoon was not a severe one, it was of great interest since the calm centre passed directly over the Observatory for the first time on record.
(c) a drought which began on November 27th, and was still unbroken at the close of the year. The total sunshine registered in December (269 hours) was a record for the month.
4. The tracks of 32 typhoons which occurred in the Far East in 1939 are given in plates which will be included with the Meteorological Results for 1939, now in the press. The following tables give summaries of the meteorological data published monthly in the Government Gazette during the year :—
F 2
Temperature.
Humidity.
Wind.
1939
Cloud-
Sun-
Rain
Month.
Abs.
Mean
Mean
Mean Abs.
iness.
shine
Direc- *Velo-
Rel.
Abs.
Max. Max.
Min.
Min.
tion.
city.
O
%
January
73.6
65.5
60.4
56.8
49.9
79
February
76.1
67.8
62.7
59.2
53.9
79
March
78.1
68.4
64.6
61.9
53.7
de 8 8 8
ins.
do
hrs.
ins.
m.p.h.
0.42
69
130.2 1.100
E by N
9.2
0.45
63
138.2
0.020
E
10.8
89
0.55
94
44.1
3.540
E
12.1
April
80.6
72.5
68.4
65.0
50.4
82
0.59
$3
91.3
15.800 E by N
9.8
May
89.0
80.8
75.9
72.5
67.5
85
0.76
79
131.6
20.985
E
11.0
June
89.5
85.7
81.5
78.2
70.9
85
0.91
83
133.7
8.645
SSW
9.1
July
94.0
87.8
82.3
78.3
73.9
84
0.92
71
197.6
12.695
SW
5.3
August
93.2
87.2
81.6
77.4
72.0
83
0.89
65
206.8
12.820
E by S
7.2
September
92.3
86.0
80.9
77.1
68.9
77
0.81
61
185.7
4.865
E by N
8.4
October
91.8
83.2
77.7
74.3
64.7
73
0.69
55
203.8
1.410
E by N
8.5
November
87.0
76.6
71.2
67.4
53.8
75
0.59
75
123.6
4.825
ENE
9.5
December
78.2
68.8
61.9
56.9
52.0
62
0.34
24
269.2
0.000 NE by E
7.3
Mean, Total or Extreme
94.0
77.5
72.4
68.7
49.9
79
0.66
69
1855.8
86.705
E
9.0
*Wind velocity from the records of the Dines Anemograph. The records of former years should be reduced 27% for comparison purposes.
*
RAINFALL, 1939.
F 3
STATION
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Year.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
ins.
Royal Observatory
1.10
0.02
3.54
15.80
20.98
8.65
12.69 12.82
4.87
1.41
4.82
0.00
86.70
Botanical Gardens
1.15
0.00
3.40
17.24
23.73
7.43
10.53
10.81
5.64
2.00
4.49
0.00
86.42
Victoria Peak
1.31
0.08
3.58 16.18
24.60
9.30
11.12
10.69
6.62
1.77
4.65
0.00
89.90
Mount Kellett
(Matilda Hospital)
1.34
0.00
3.18
17.82
22.34
6.61
8.87
8.84
3.64
0.00
2.41
0.00
75.05
Pokfulam (W.W.)
0.82
0.00
2.72
15.75 19.52
5.96
8.93
11.96
4.87
1.08
3.07
0.00
74.68
Aberdeen (W.W.)
1.05
0.00
2.93
18.94 19.93
7.10
9.50
9.90
5.06
1.14
4.28
0.00
79.83
Wong Nei Chong
(Water Works)
1.09
0.04
3.70
20.55
18.57
9.54
11.94
11.87
5.71
1.04
5.15
0.00
89.20
Tytam (Water Works).
1.39
0.13
3.88
20.22
20.34
11.23
13.25
12.98
6.47
1.58
5.14
0.00
96.61
Tytam Tuk (W.W.)
1.41
0.08
4.34
18.08
18.24
8.32
11.87
12.03
4.91
1.13
4.71
0.00
85.12
Kowloon Reservoir
(Water Works)
0.88
0.00
4.37
15.54
21.42
9.30
9.42
13.04
8.15
1.62
6.22
0.00
89.96
Shek Li Pui (W.W.)
0.69
0.00
4.23
19.52
14.56
6.71
9.19
12.14
6.80
1.58
5.26
0.00
80.68
Shing Mun No. 1
(Water Works)
0.58
0.00
6.02
20.70
28.05
11.33
10.49
15.60
6.00
2.20
7.55
· 0.00
108.52
Shing Mun No. 2
(Water Works)
0.50
0.00
5.46
17.96 23.37
11.12
9.53
11.48
4.93
2.54
7.85
0.00
94.74
Shing Mun No. 3
(Water Works)
0.47
0.00
4.60
16.47 21.03
9.30
9.42
10.01
4.46
1.04
2.24
0.00
79.03
Un Long (W.W.)
0.33
0.00
5.09
15.11 14.30
4.67
5.09
6.62
3.10
0.88
7.15
0.00
62.34
Tai Po (Police)
1.18
0.06
6.13
14.95
20.78
11.13
9.61
7.21
7.01
1.29
6.47
0.00
85.82
Sai Kung (Police)
1.14
0.21
6.04 17.90
21.06
12.19
9.65
8.45
4.04
1.33
4.17
0.00
86.18
Lok Ma Chau (Police)
0.74
0.00
5.98
8.03
13.90
9.82
6.57
8.23
3.89
1.13
5.16
0.00
63.45
Ping Shan (Police)
1.17
0.01
5.17
14.81 13.36
5.72
6.01
6.59
3.84
0.76
5.60
0.00
63.04
Cheung Chau (Police)
0.99
0.00
4.09
19.39 11.60
3.85
8.90
7.41
4.24
0.79
3.55
0.00
64.81
Fanling (Royal H.K.
Golf Club)
1.14
0.10
4.32
10.30
17.57
6.94
8.82
6.90
6.22
0.94
6.38
0.00
69.63
1
F 4
III. PUBLICATIONS.
5. The following publications have been made during 1939:---
Magnetic Results, 1938.
Meteorological Results, 1938.
The Typhoon of April 20th-May 4th. App. B. to above.
Meteorological Records and Climatological Notes 1884-1938.
The following is in the press :-
Meteorological Results, 1939.
A monthly abstract of meteorological observations is published in the Govern ment Gazette and copies are supplied to any firm or individual requiring them, and a monthly seismological bulletin is issued and distributed to other observatories.
6. A weather map of the Far East for 6 a.m. of 120th meridian time is constructed daily and forecasts are issued for the following districts :—
A. Shanghai to Turnabout.
B. Turnabout to Hong Kong.
C. Hong Kong and neighbourhood.
D. Hong Kong to Hainan.
E. Northern China Sea.
The map, weather report and forecast are exhibited at the Hong Kong and Kowloon Ferry piers, the Harbour Office, Telegraph Offices and General Post Office. The weather map may be purchased by the public at a subscription rate of 15 dollars
per annum.
There were 30 subscribers in 1939. A weather map for 2 p.m. is also prepared but is not published. Morning and afternoon weather reports and forecasts, together with observations made at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. are published in the local press.
IV.—WEATHER TELEGRAMS, FORECASTS AND STORM WARNINGS.
7. The telegraph Companies continue to transmit twice daily, free of charge, meteorological observations from Japan, Shanghai, Manila, and Labuan, and extra observations at half rates when desired. The various meteorological radio services of the Far East are also utilised upon the daily synoptic charts.
8. Weather Telegrams from ships by Radio: the following table gives the monthly number of ships from which radio meteorological messages have been received and the number of messages received (each arrival and departure is counted separately.)
&
=
Month.
F 5
British (Including H.M. Ships)
H.M. Ships in
Port.
Other Nationalities.
No. of ships
No. of messages
No. of ships
No. of messages
No. of ships
No. of messages
No. of ships
Total.
No. of messages
January
326
546
4
60
111
173
441
779
February
262
414
3
55
84
141
349
610
March
314 491
50
97
147
416
688
April
220 300
34
71
101
296
435
May
237
354
53
96
161
338
568
June
234
324
43
67
104
306
471
July
214
316
46
63
93
281
455
August
157
233
23
66
99
227
355
September
2
3
17
27
19
30
October
14
17
14
17
November
21
30
21
30
December
13
19
13
19
Totals.....
1939 1,966 2,981 1938 3,071 5,063 1937 1,874 2,955 1936 1,896 3,049
35 364
720
1,112
2,721
4,457
98 909 100 1.134 115 1,575
1,073
1,755
!
4,242
7,727
1,016
1,699 2,990
5,788
1,001
1,568
3,012
6,192
>
9. Weather forecasts, storm warnings and time signals are distributed by radio telegraphy as detailed in the Notice to Mariners issued by this Department. Storm warnings to Hong Kong and vicinity are also given by means of the Local and Non- local Signal Codes. A telegraphic adaption of the Non-local Code is used for issuing warnings by cable to places outside the Colony.
10. Local signals, day and night, have been hoisted during the past 5 years according to the following table.
Number of hours displayed.
Signal No. 10 Bombs.
Number of
times fired
Warning Signal.
Signals 2-9.
Year
Number of times.
Number of hours displayed.
Number of times.
1935
1936
1937
1938
3
1939
Or W or CA
4
86
5
93
5
80
34
50
GO LO LO mo co
3
5
5
3
6
SERR
60
77
1
53
1
29
28
V.METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FROM SHIPS, TREATY PORTS, ETC.
11. In addition to meteorological registers kept at about 40 stations in China, meteorological logs were received from 92 ships operating in the Far East. These logs, representing 6,323 days observations have been used for amplifying the weather maps and verifying typhoon tracks. The corresponding figures for 1938 were 112 and 7,596.
12.
- F 6
VI. MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS.
The Magnetic Station at Au Tau has been kept in action throughout the year, and the results of the observations are being prepared for press.
VII. TIME SERVICE.
13. Clocks Cottingham and Mercer 507 (Sidereal) and Leroy 1350 were in use throughout the year. The necessary astronomical observations for the determination of the error of the former were obtained each evening (weather permitting) by the local staff. Observations of the radio time signals emitted by Nauen have been made daily whenever possible during the year and utilised for Clock regulation.
14. Time Signals were given throughout the year by radio from 9.55 a.m. to 10 a.m. each morning and 8.55 p.m. and 9 p.m. each evening. Dots of about 0.1 second duration were transmitted at each second except for periods marking the minutes and half minutes. The evening programme was duplicated by three white lights (vertical) on the radio mast, the lights being extinguished each second in accordance with the radio programme.
Hourly signals were sent to the General Post Office, Radio Studio, Railway, the associated Telegraph Companies and the Telephone Company.
The errors of the time signals have been published monthly in the Government Gazette.
XI. MISCELLANEOUS.
15. Aviation service.-A synoptic chart of the Far East, on which is also all available information concerning upper winds, is prepared and exhibited in the aerodrome, and a senior officer is available for consultation by departing pilots. An hourly weather report is broadcast daily, usually from 06.00 to 16.00 Hong Kong Standard Time, and is communicated in Q code directly to incoming planes. A route forecast is also furnished to the pilots of outgoing planes.
16. Seismographs.-The seismographs have been kept in good order throughout the year, 285 earthquakes were recorded, compared with 372 in 1938. The seismograms have been forwarded to the International Seismological Committee, Oxford. New electrical driving clocks installed in March have performed satisfactorily.
+
17. Upper Air Research.-Observations of upper air temperature and humidity by means of aeroplane flights to the approximate level of 4 Kilometres were commenced on September 8th, 1938, and continued until the end of March 1939. In all 93 flights were made and acknowledgement is again made to the personnel of the Far East Flying Training School Ltd., and of the Civil Airport. The observations, plotted in the form of entropy diagrams proved of material assistance in forecasting cloud formation, and funds were accordingly provided for a daily flight from April 1st. 269 flights have been accomplished since that date and the results have been of the greatest assistance in providing aviation forecasts, and it is hoped that investigation of the data accumulated will reveal valuable information concerning local atmospheric structure.
Whilst in England the Director was afforded opportunities by the Director of the Meteorological Office and the Superintendent of the Kew Observatory to study the operation of the Thomas and Vaisala radio-sondes. These instruments are practical and reasonable in price, but a shortage of supplies for manufacture etc. will prevent their extensive use, until the termination of hostilities.
18. Lithography.-Lithographic work for other departments was undertaken as follows:-
Botanical & Forestry Department Central British School
Colonial Secretariat
Kai Tak Airport
Medical Department
Maps
400
200
">
1.550
300
550
- F 7
19. Expenditure.-The annual expenditure on the Observatory for the past 10 years has been as follows:-
Personal Emoluments
Year.
and Other Charges.
Special Expenditure,
Total Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
$
&
$
$
&
1930.
68,696.59
1,670.07
70,366.66
506.80
1931...
76,037.81
76.037.81
735.00
1932..
69,518.23
69,518.23
598.00
1933..
63,165.42
63,165.42
600.00
1934..
59,327.62.
1,259.57
60,587.19
529.00
1935
56,333.76
56,333.76
488.00
1936...
71,416.17
71,416.17
612.40
1937...
83,631.91
338.08
83,969.99
458.00
1938...
86,743.10
6,198.06
92,941.16
522.00
1939.
96,940.33
13,408.75
110,349.08
469.60
20.
In the following table the expenditure and revenue for 1938 is compared with that for 1939.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1938 AND 1939.
Personal Emoluments
1938.
1939.
$
&
79,930.62
90,580.72
Other Charges
Electric Light and Power
Gas
Incidental Expenses
909.66 97.65 411.37
1,025.30
78.15
405.74
Maintenance of Instruments and Plant.
1,673.08
1,938.80
Postage
179.78
155.23
Printing
2,986.00
2.198.50
Rent of Public Telephone.
117.00
117.00
Subscription to International Meteorological Organisation.
161.34
162.03
Transport
120.17
139.17
Uniforms
156.43
139.69
Special Expenditure
Balloon Theodolite
2,150.00
Renewal of Anemographs
4,048.06
Aerological Investigation (England)
Steel Cupboard
140.00
Aerological Investigation (Hong Kong)
13,268.75
Total, Other Charges
13,010.54
19,768.36
Total, Royal Observatory.
92,941.16
110,349.08
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1938 AND 1939.
Fees of Court or Office, Sale of Publications
1938
1939
$
Ć
522.00
469.60
F 8
21. The Director was on leave from 2nd February to 21st December, during which time Mr. B. D. Evans acted as Director and Mr. G. S. P. Heywood as Assistant Director.
22. Acknowledgements are here made to the Director of the Weather Services of the Far East, the Chinese Maritime Customs, and the Commanders of all ships for the observations forwarded during the year, to the Telegraph Companies for continuing to forward observations free or at reduced rates, to the Police and other rainfall observers at out-stations, to all institutions and individuals who have contributed to the Library and to the Observatory Staff for the efficient performance of their duties. Special acknowledgements are due to the staffs of the Gap Rock and Waglan lighthouses for co-operation during the approach of typhoons, and for assistance to the aviation service.
Royal Observatory,
6th March, 1940.
C. W. JEFFRIES,
Director.
Appendix G.
REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR OF THE SUPREME COURT OFFICIAL TRUSTEE, OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR AND REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES FOR THE 1939.
3
}
1
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION.
196 actions were instituted during the year 1939 as against 196 in 1938.
The claims amounted to $927,196.24 as against $1,056,615.63 in 1938.
The fees collected amounted to $13,310.60 as against $14,294.00 in 1938.
56 miscellaneous proceedings were heard during the year.
IN PRIZE.
8 causes were instituted during the year and the fees collected amounted to $338.00.
SUMMARY JURISDICTION.
1,420 actions were instituted during years as against 1,383 in 1938.
The claims amounted to $325,352.88 compared with $336,104.49 in 1938.
1,538 distraints for rent were issued representing unpaid rents amounting to $229,370.02 as against 3,040 and $304,233.87 respectively in 1938.
Fees collected amounted to $18,552.75 as against $29,194.75 in 1938.
SUITORS' FUNDS.
The sum of $232,541.81 was paid into Court on judgments in actions and $239,055.10 paid out to various judgment creditors.
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION.
477 persons were committed to Criminal Sessions of whom 381 were convicted.
APPELLATE JURISDICTION.
Criminal: There were 9 appeals against conviction. Or sentence at the Criminal Sessions.
Magistrates: There were 16 appeals against conviction or sentence.
Civil: There were 8 appeals against judgments of the Supreme Court Judges.
ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION.
Four actions were instituted during the year. The fees collected amounted to $454.50 as against $142.00 in 1938.
PROBATE JURISDICTION.
384 Grants (157 Probates and 227 Letters of Administration) were made by the Court. 69 Grants by other British Courts were sealed, making a total of 453 Grants made during the year compared with 509 in 1938.
Of the above number of Letters of Administration 2 were grants made to the Official Administrator.
G 2
Court fees in respect of all Grants amounted to $25,658.40 as against $26,159.00 in 1938.
DIVORCE JURISDICTION.
2 new petitions were filed during the year. 1 decree absolute was made, this petition being pending at the end of the year 1938. The fees collected amounted to $183.50 as against $638.50 in 1938.
OFFICIAL TRUSTEE.
The number of Trust Estates in the hands of the Official Trustee at the end of the year was 19. The invested funds totalled $128,436.27 and £1,850. 0. 0 producing an income (including interest on fixed deposit) of $10,200.34. One new trust was opened during the year and three trusts were closed.
The amount of commission collected was $104.90 as against $532.39 in 1938. Several are charitable trusts and therefore not liable for commission.
OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR.
During the year 30 deceaseds' estates were taken into the custody of the Official Administrator and the administration of 20 estates was completed. Official Administrator's commission amounted to $982.32 as against $3,732.41 in 1938.
COMPANIES REGISTRY.
76 Hong Kong companies, 8 Hong Kong China companies, and 25 Foreign corporations were registered during the year, the total number of Hong Kong companies being 703, Hong Kong China companies 130, and foreign corporations 301 at the end of the year. 17 companies were in process of liquidation.
The fees collected from the above companies amounted to $24,670.10.
Deposits to the total value of $2,616,000.00 have been made by insurance companies under the Fire and Marine Insurance Companies Deposit Ordinance, 1917, $1,463,500.00 being cash deposits.
Deposits under the Life Insurance Companies Ordinance, 1907, amount to $1,170,000.00 of which $201,920.49 consists of cash deposits.
A deposit of £20,000. 0. O was made by one company under both Fire and Marine Insurance Companies Deposit Ordinance and Life Insurance Companies Deposit Ordinance to cover business done under both these ordinances.
The fees collected for licences to keep branch registers outside the Colony amounted to $2,250.98. The fees collected from the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai in respect of China companies amounted to $101,823.62.
The total of all fees collected is $128,744.70 as against $168,821.42 in 1938.
BILLS OF SALE.
SO Bills of Sale were registered during the year as against 72 in 1938.
REVENUE (FEES, COMMISSION, ETC.).
The total collected during the year amounted to $240,916.78 compared with $302,802.00 in 1938.
•
+
*
1
L. R. ANDREWES,
Registrar, Supreme Court,
Official Trustee, Official Administrator,
and Registrar of Companies.
20th March, 1940.
S
?
Appendix G. (1).
REPORT OF THE OFFICIAL RECEIVER AND REGISTRAR OF
TRADE MARKS AND PATENTS FOR THE YEAR 1939.
BANKRUPTCY AND COMPANIES WINDING-UP.
AMOUNT OF INSOLVENCY.
The following comparative table shews the amount of insolvency in the Colony under the Bankruptcy Ordinance, No. 10 of 1931, during the years 1938 and 1939.
Year:
1938
1939
No. of Receiving Orders and Adminis-
tration Orders.
5
3
¡
Estimated Liabilities.
Estimated Assets.
$ 22,686.63
$ 6,106.00
188,930.00
186,500.00
1.
The amount of insolvency in 1939 under the Companies Ordinance, No. 39 of 1932, was not available as no Statement of Affairs was filed by the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., the only company wound-up during the year.
GENERAL.
Eight petitions in bankruptcy were presented during 1939, five by creditors. and three by debtors. Of these two were dismissed, one was adjourned, two were withdrawn and in the remaining three cases Receiving Orders were made. In 1938 there were ten petitions.
The failure in 1939 under the Bankruptcy Ordinance, 1931, included one battery manufacturing company, one import and export firm, one toilet shop, one grocery, one junk owner, one tailor shop and an employee of commercial firm. One company wound-up in 1939 under the Companies Ordinance, No. 39 of 1932, was a steam navigation company.
No applications for discharge by bankrupts were presented in 1939.
During the year dividends were declared in respect of one bankrupt estate.
During the year the Court granted the Official Receiver his discharge from trusteeship in respect of six bankrupt estates and outside trustees three estates, all of which were fully administered. "One outside liquidator was released.
FEES.
The total amount of the Official Receiver's statutory fees and commission under the Bankruptcy Ordinance, 1931, and the Companies Ordinance, 1932, was $9,596.50 for 1939 as against $6,236.86 for 1938. The increase was due to the fact that the failures were slightly larger in 1939,
2
BANKRUPTCY ESTATES ACCOUNT.
The payments into and out of the Bankruptcy Estates Account in respect of bankrupt estates in process of administration under the Bankruptcy Ordinance, 1931, for the years 1938 and 1939, have been as follows:-
Payments in
Payments out
1938.
$22,207.08
32,720.68
1939.
$45,187.56
88,972.04
COMPANIES LIQUIDATION ACCOUNT.
The payments into and out of the Companies Liquidation Account in respect of companies in process of winding-up under the Companies Ordinance, 1932, for the years 1938 and 1939, have been as follows:-
Payments in
Payments out
1938.
$11,609.38
1,181.67
1939.
$20,539.85
40,748.20
REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS.
The following comparative table shews the business done under the Trade Marks Ordinance, 1909, during the years 1938 and 1939.
Year.
No. of applications for registration
received.
No. of Trade Marks registered.
No. of Registered Trade Marks
Fees.
renewed.
1938
436
350
333
$22,355.57
1939
436
375
343
$24.121.33
REGISTRATION OF UNITED KINGDOM PATENTS.
The following comparative table shews the business done under the Registration of United Kingdom Patents Ordinance, 1932, during the years 1938 and 1939.
Year.
1938
1939
No. of Patents registered.
15
7
Fees.
$186
117
L
3
STATEMENT OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF DEPARTMENT.
REVENUE.
EXPENDITURE.
Under the Bankruptcy
Ordinance, 1931
$9,476.20
Salaries of Officers
33
the Companies Ordinance, 1932.
Incidentals
120.30
Special
the Trade Marks
93
Ordinance, 1909
24,121.33
the Registration
of United Kingdom
Patents Ordinance,
1932
117.00
the Unclaimed
Balances Ordinance,
1929
6,264.55
$40,099.38
$27,305.04
253.55
1,544.76
$29,103.35
Excess of Revenue = $10,996.03
In 1938 the excess of revenue was $30,057.94.
The decrease of revenue in 1939 was due to fewer unclaimed balances.
MISCELLANEOUS,
Mr. J. B. Prentis was appointed Official Receiver and Registrar of Trade Marks on 1st December, 1939, in succession to Mr. L. R. Andrewes who had become Registrar of the Supreme Court.
J. B. PRENTIS,
Official Receiver and Registrar of Trade
Marks and Patents.
Appendix H.
REPORT OF THE HONG KONG AND KOWLOON MAGISTRACIES
FOR THE YEAR 1939,
HONG KONG.
1. Mr. R. A. D. Forrest was First Police Magistrate from the 1st January to the end of the year.
Mr. R. Edwards was Second Police Magistrate from the 1st January to the end of the year.
Mr. T. J. Houston was Third Police Magistrate from the 1st January to the end of the year.
The number of cases was 29,779 as compared with 38,612 in 1938.
KOWLOON.
2. Mr. Q. A. A. Macfadyen was First Police Magistrate from the 1st January to the end of the year.
Mr. E. Himsworth was Second Police Magistrate from the 1st January to the end of the year.
The number of cases was 27,666 as compared with 34,181 in 1938.
GENERAL.
3. Table I shows the expenditure of the two magistracies for the years 1938 and 1939 including the cost of all officers in the departments who belong to the Cadet, Senior Clerical and Accounting, and Junior Clerical Services.
4. Table II shows the collections of the two magistracies for the same years.
5. Table III shows their revenue and expenditure for the last ten years in comparative form.
6. Table IV gives an abstract of cases under cognizance of the Magistrates' Courts during the years 1938 and 1939 in comparative form. The number of offenders previously convicted who were sentenced during the year is shown and the number of offenders who were placed under police supervision in addition to their sentences is given. Orders made for confiscation of unmanifested cargo, etc. are also shown.
7. Table V is an analysis of the "convicted and sentenced" column in table IV showing the penalties inflicted under each of the seven main heads of crime in the table. The number of offenders previously bound over whose bonds have been enforced on committing a breach of the conditions of the bonds is also shown.
1
1
H 2
8. Table VI is a return of boy juvenile offenders brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the years 1938 and 1939 giving their ages, the offences committed by them and the sentences imposed.
Y
9. Table VII is a return of girl juvenile offenders, giving information similar to that in table VI.
10. Table VIII gives the number of writs issued from the two magistracies during the years 1938 and 1939.
11. Table IX is an abstract of all cases brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the last ten years.
12.
13.
Table X shows the work done by the Magistrates sitting as Coroners.
The number of bonds enforced during the year is also shown in tables IV, VI, VII, and IX.
14. Proceedings were taken under the Extradition Acts against two persons for crimes committed outside the Colony. Both of them were committed to Police custody pending arrangements to be made for their return to face charges at Saigon and Shanghai respectively.
15. Summonses under the Separation and Maintenance Order Ordinance, 1935, in Hong Kong numbered 28 as against 16 in 1938. Orders were made in 17 of them. In Kowloon these summonses numbered 6 against 5 in 1938. Orders were made in 3 of them.
16. The number of convictions for offences in respect of heroin and opium has continued the serious upward trend noted in the report for 1938; for which the figures were 1,185 and 2.220 respectively. The corresponding figures for 1939 were 2,095 and 2,555 being increases of 75% and 15% respectively..
The persons who appear before the Courts charged with keeping the divans are not the owners but are in fact employed to go to prison in their stead. They are generally destitutes and do not fear imprisonment. I understand they or their relatives are paid by their employers a certain sum for each month spent in prison.
17. There has been a sharp decrease in cases of earring snatching due to a more vigorous policy of flogging. Bag snatching has, however, increased.
18. The figures of other serious crimes remained approximately the same as in 1938.
19. A drop of 50% was recorded in the number of hawking cases heard. This was due to the Courts discouraging such cases being brought unless the arrest was made under the supervision of a European sergeant. It was felt that indiscriminate and unsupervised arrests by constables did not solve this perennial problem and led to grave abuses. Several constables were convicted of obtaining illegal exactions from hawkers during the year.
J
1
H 3
20. Most of the petty larcenies and forestry offences were due to poverty. Unfortunately the Refugee Camps would not admit such persons even if first offenders because of their alleged criminal taint. Much use has been made of the power of expulsion granted to Magistrates this year and many grants to such persons have been made from the Poor Box to aid them on their journey back to their village. It is true that in some cases the money so given has been used to pay their fare back to Hong Kong but many have been successfully repatriated by this
means.
21. Crimes by juveniles shew a slight increase. Gangs led by adults are still appearing in the Courts. Little of a reformative nature can be done in the absence of the necessary reformatory.
30th March, 1940.
H. G. SHELDON, First Police Magistrate.
H 4
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1938 AND 1939.
HONG KONG.
1938.
1939.
$109,793.00
$ 72,934.30
Personal Emoluments
OTHER CHARGES.
Electric Fans and Light
Fees for Interpretation
308.00
351.19
193.00
110.00
Incidental Expenses
Law Books
425.00
308.36
72.00
52.54
Transport
134.00
163.63
Uniform for Messengers
144.00
147.30
SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.
Typewriter
Total
313.00
$111,069.00
$ 74,380.32
KOWLOON
Personal Emoluments (1)
1938.
$ 66,820.00
1939.
$ 58,644.00
OTHER CHARGES.
Electric Fans and Lights
492.00
437.00
Fees for Interpretation
76.00
34.00
Fuel Oil
63.00
128.00
Incidental Expenses
197.00
200.00
Transport
184.00
153.00
Uniform for Messengers
98.00
140.00
SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.
Law Books
119.00
162.00
One Typewriter
Total
$ 68,049.00
$ 59,898.00
(1) Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., and J.C. Services.
1
Fines
Fees
H 5
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF COLLECTIONS 1938 AND 1939.
Forfeitures
Liquor (Temporary permit)
Arms forfeitures
Poor Box
Arms Fine Fund
Revenue Reward Fund
HONG KONG.
Other Miscellaneous Receipts (Fees for
warrants issued)
Total
Fines
Fees
Forfeitures
Poor Box
Arms Fine Fund
Revenue Reward Fund
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
KOWLOON.
1938.
1939.
$ 84,357.00
$ 88,549.26
256.00
31,179.00
301.16
35,813.28
70.00
170.00
2,628.00
3,136.15
170.00
145.00
15,938.00
14,073.21
20.00
6.30
$134,618.00
$142,194.36
1938.
1939.
$ 62,348.00
$ 68,323.00
319.00
175.00
7,600.00
10,426.00
1,045.00
1,219.00
185.00
170.00
6,730.00
4,755.00
62.00
32.00
Total
$ 78,289.00
$ 85,100.00
H 6
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE
FOR LAST TEN YEARS.
HONG KONG.
Year.
Personal Emoluments and other charges.
Special Expenditure.
Total Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
1930
70,168.00
70,168.00
86,738.00
1931
70,000.00
70,000.00
136,913.00
1932
73,453.00
...
73,453.00
109,300.00
1933
69,259.00
115.00
69,374.00
126,559.00
1934
78,151.00
64.00
78,215.00
139,210.00
1935
60,297.00
51.00
60,348.00
84,836.00
1936
62,109.00
62,109.00
85,596.00
1937
74,206.00
288.00
74,495.00
95,259.00
1938
111,069.00
111,069.00
115,882.00
1939
74,380.00
313.00
74,693.00
124,840.00
KOWLOON.
1930
$21,223.00
$21,223.00
$61,687.00
1931
40,698.00
40,698.00
74,027.00
1932
38,067.00
38,067.00
65,175.00
1933
32,405.00
32,405.00
75,592.00
1934
38,746.00
38,746.00
63,168.00
1935
37,772.00
717.00
38,489.00
48,363.00
+
1936
56,752.00
119.00
56,871.00
43,700.00
1937
51,321.00
446.00
51,767.00
58,930.00
1938
67,930.00
119.00
68,049.00
70,329.00
1939
59,736.00
162.00
59,898.00
78,956.00
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDE
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges.
Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS
Cases, hou
Discharged.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
(a)—Against their property.
1. Larceny Simple
Stealing from the person
Embezzlement and fraudulent
conversion
Robbery
Piracy
1938
1939
1938
1939 1938
1939
1938
1939 1938
1939
1938
1939
1938 1939
*2,171 1,898 |2,2511,991 1,766 1,418
588 637 601 653
14
41,780 1,422
148 178
5
534
583
1
1
535
584
60
52
888888
Burglary and house breaking
Demanding with menaces
False pretences and cheating
Receiving and possession of stolen
goods
Larceny by servant
2. Arson
3. Malicious damage
4. Forgery
5. Other offences
(b)Against their persons.
1,797 12,096 1,870 2,211 1,188 1,340
68
58
57
19
23
28
98
90 107
5
10
5
89
142
93
69
85
70
18
20
24
163
54
60
367
271
388
༅། ིིཀྐཎྜ ཀྑཱུནི།ཨོཾཙྪོ
37
51
37
51
13
3
9
4
91
97
91
97
14
8
4
71 121
∞
73
129
15
H.
1
4
15
235
1231,423 1,463
312
402
20
14
42
50
47
50
10
30
18
18
18
18
11
59
27
44
27
44
14
5
307
257
210
258
211
98
53
1. Murder
2. Manslaughter
3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm
4. Common assault
5. Kidnapping
6. Sexual offences
7. Other offences
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE,
(c)Against the Crown and Govt.
Co
51
178
ཌ॰།
11
7 * 29
T
}
17
3
3
1
48
52
59
25
196 216
254
88
121
220
22
6
1
8888
31
26
15
89
122
53
55
2
6
2
6
3
27
14
27
19
10
5
14
13
1
18
15
| | | | | |
1
lollll
1
2
1. Passport and aliens registration
offences
161
2. Weights and measures offences
10
3. Currency offences
11
4. Sedition and intimidation
6
13
8758
171
81
123
56
14
137
10
7
9
9
a8
60
25
17
7
1
11
5
2
3
8
15
7
7
1
5. Unlawful societies
7. Misconduct by Government officers...]
8. Opium offences
9. Dangerous drug offences
10. Tobacco and Liquor offences
23
1
23
23
1
6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land
173
205 191 261
111
169
19
8
130
177
51
2
2
2 946 1,044 1,006 1,183
3
2
1
2
1
891 1,087
45
27
936 1,114
65
53
910 507 969
11. Other offences
450 446 396 497 407 313 327 405 352 445 377 368 294
.406 858
13
10
419 868
51
57
97
20 410 347
64
42
23
14
391 308
50
52
Carried forward
8,327 8,675 8,729 9,388 6,406 6,906
489
226 6,895 7,132 1,066 1,102
59
33
* 1 Extradition.
Under this heading are included 1,757 cas
Macada
H 7
Table IV.
BSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE YEARS 1938 A
HONG KONG.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each Head.
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.
Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.
Bound over without further penalty.
To keep the peace and be
of good behaviour.
To come up for
judgment.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
M.
F.
38
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
1938
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
1938 1939
1938
1939
1938 1939 1938 198
301,422
148 178
5
1
153 179
3
279
309
3
30
78
3
65
584
60
52
60
52
5
14
1
3
=7
51
13
3
13
9
4
9
* w
21
97
14
14
3
6
19
34
2
3
3
4
1
1
3 129
15
15
1
15
16
3
5
3
131,463
312
402
20
14
332
416
1
75
208
21
49
7
50
100
13
57
5
8
10
8
10
11
24
1
3
5
∞∞
8
18
4
11
11
1
1
7
44
14
5
15
5
17
8
1
8
211
98
53
98
53
3
5
18
32
8
6
3
1
26
9 122
53
17
1455
1 1
3
8
15
1
1
17
11
1
4
15
11
121
1
54
56
2
1
17
5
1
Co
I
| |
11
68
3
3
1
7
60
9
1302 6 σ OT
7
86-9
25
17
7
32
1
1
1
2
1
CHEE
2151
17
3
5
177
51
43
1
51
44
2
1,114
9 868
0 347 64
1 308
6555
65
53
7
68
60
51
57
60
57
24
37
42
7
71
43
50
52
2
52
56
5 7,132 1,066 1,102 59 33 1,125 1,135
95 117
11
10
5
2
Q
this heading are included 1,757 cases of offences against the Forestry Ordinance,
I
I
―
| | |
1
5
31
1
7
4108
I
3
1
T
478
729
43
63
2
2
CT OF IA OT
5
70
182
1111
1
18
24
G THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
reach Head.
thout further penalty.
nd be
To come up for
Under Police supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
Order made.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1939
1938
1939 1938 1939
1938
1939 1938 1939
1938 1939 1938 1939
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
3
30 78
3
1
3
2243
12
34
29
49
417 302 128 210
2
24
42
66
6
11
1
1
judgment.
M.
I
4
14
24
1
1
3
2
2
9
49
13
1
co co
57
5
18
3
176
191
12
7
7
36
3
5
3
1
Magy
1
1
1
2
8
6
3
6
60
32
4
| |
15
111
2
ง +
~
111
1
3
3
| | | | |
| |
3
2 2
63
70
182
18
24
45
100
5
1
คง
1
2
111
| | | | | | │
| | | | | | |
17
23
19
17
464
55
1
4
62
1
10
1
2
1
}
|
1
+ 3
† 2
869 924
16
13
37
113
2
3
+ Confiscation order.
I
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDE
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges.
Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
Brought forward
(d)-Against Public Justice.
1. Escape and breach of prison
2. Returning from banishment
3. Perjury
4. Bribery
5. Other offences;
(e)—Against the Public peace.
1. Breach of the peace
2. Unlawful possession of arms
3. Other offences
(f)-Against trade.
M.
F.
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
8,327 8,675 8,729 9,388 6,406 6,906 489 226
Cases, how
Discharged.
Total.
M.
F.
1938 1939
1938 1939 1938 1939
6,895 7,132 1,066 1,102 59
333333
3.
1
299
319:
299
319
252
302 12
2
264
3 304
286
10.
10
7
2
2
9
14
9
18
10
14.
17
10
11
5
10
2
12
114
70
264
184
63
40
24
23
29
26
2
6
1
N
105
1
65 11
13
1
031
40 23
25
3
3
3
on ca
2
1. Unmanifested
cargo
79
21
81
12
51
11
2. Stowing away
4
{
3. Trade Marks infringement
20
60
19
60
2
36
4. Employers and workmen offences
5:
5
}
5. Food and drugs offences
19
19
18
6. Other offences
71
72
71
75
59
68
1 1 1 1
888
14
8888
65
11
12
36:
17
21.
1
1
18
1
1
60
69
10
5
H
LA
(g)Against Public Morals and Police.
1. Begging and touting
416
2. Brothels and procuration of women.. 3. Lotteries and gambling
195 457
4. Offences against public health
5 Street hawkers offences
71 17 283 202 288
14 16 272 430 660 2,075 3,193 1,747 2,809 227 1,605 767 1,614 778 1,175 615 153 43
209. 322 238
7
339
78
97
76
13
3
184 190
286 200
- 2
32
1,974 2,999
87
161
11
1,328 658 242
106
40
6
6: Obstruction
18,865 11,385 18,918 11,385 12,065 8,203 4,2322,676 16,297 10,879 2,012
380
592
118
955
7: Offences with fire crackers
955 897
131
91 131
8. Drunkenness
11
11. Vagrants
9: Traffic offences of a technical nature. 4,505 4,473 4,506 4,473 4,173 4,211 10: Dangerous driving of vehicles
6
11
897 697 711
91 100 10
2
2
699 713; 254
180
1
1
73
100
73 31
18
10
5
27
3
4,200 4,214 301
258
303 200 303 200 280
167
283 168 20
32
31
12: Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs
20
35
21
35
14
35
14
6.
13. Mur Tsai offences of a technical nature 14: Ill-treatment of Mai Tsai
231 294 231
294
192
236
196 237 35
57
112
72 113
74
11
16 31
26
42
42 5
5
3
13
3
15
2
5
2
15: Other offences
432
365
413
294 213 158 106
33
319
191 69
51
516
26.
6
24
Total'
37,298 28,92839,598 32,281 27,911 24,713 5,595 3,405 33,506 28,118 4,301 2,506 762 255 5
1 defendant absconded
+ Confiscation order.
To pay wages.
To pay costs.
H S
Table IV,-Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE YEARS 1938
HONG KONG.Continued.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each Head.
tenced.
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the detained pending orders Committed to prison or Supreme Court.
of H.E. the Governor.
Bound over without further penalty.
To keep the peace and be To come up fo
of good behaviour.
judgment.
F.
M.
F.
M.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
1988 1939 1938 1939
1938
1939 1938 1939
1938
1939 1938
1939 1938 1939
6,895 7,132 1,066 1,102 59
331,1251,135
95 117
5
2
1
264
304
යක
ཧྥུལ་
7
28
14
1
10
1
6
1
2
2
12:
2
2
65
40 23
11
13
1
262
25
3
cr co
3
11
1
33
26
28
6
11
6
: 2
65
11
12
16
1
42.
36
17
21
17
21
1
1
8.00
18
60
69 10
5
10
cr
339
286
78 97 200
76
13
3
110
79
2
32
2
32
1,974 2,999 87
161
11
1
98
162
1,328 658
242 106
40
6
292
112
6,297 10,879 2,012
380
592
118 2,604
498
699
713 254 180
255 181
1001 73
10
5 4,200 4,214 301
31
18
31
18
1
258
305
258
283 168 20
32
20
32
35
14
6.
196 237 35
57
35
57
42
42 5
5.
25
26
30
31
2
7
1
6
1
7
3191
191
69
51
24
75
75
3,506 28,1184,301 2,506
762
255 5,063 2,761 137
139
To pay costs.
............
10
5
2
111
| | |
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938
! ! !
478 729 43
63
70 182
18
151
102
21
10
1
1
1
7
21
25
3
1
4
1
16
7
1
2
Co
11
1
3
7
3
671
897
79
91
79 217
41
9 to pay maintenance, 33 for redemption of articles under Pawnbroker's Ordinance,
3 confiscation orders,
5 for money granted from or paid into Poor Box.
17 t
THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
ach Head.
hout further penalty.
F.
M.
Order made.
F.
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
be
To come up for judgment.
Under Police
supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
888
39
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
63
70 182
18
24
45 100
869 924
16
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938
113
13
37
10
1
||
1
a
M.E
11
TH
111
42
130
2
111
1
| 11
111
2
1 1 1 1 1
111
| | | | | |
111
111
111
25
2
74
12
2
1
6
17
6
5
13
1
13
3
11
91
·
79
ce,
1
9
6
10
217
41
28
45
101
Į
Co
9
† 3 † 4
16
I
1
† 10
§ 3
4
|| 50
T 99
TITI
11,0211,085 4.7
20
38
114
2
63
129
1
17 to pay maintenance, 70 for redemption of articles under Pawnbroker's Ordinance,
8 for money granted from or paid into Poor Box,
2 for allowing bail to appear,
1 for confiscation of bail,
1 for ejectment.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNIS
Cases, how disposed o;
Discharged
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Classification of Offences.
Fotal No. of Total No. of]
charges.
Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
(a)-Against their property.
1938
1938 1939
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
1938 1938 1939
1939
1. Larceny and. attempted larceny:
Simple Larceny
1,711 1,901 1,712 1,803 1,259 1,330
20
Stealing from the person
368 497 367 499 318 453
1
Embezzlement and fraudulent conversior
69
43
49
38
32
26
2
132
111,279 1,341
114
101
12
319 456
38 37
1
34
28
10
4
Robbery
23
41
30
99
5
5
5
34
Piracy
Burglary and house breaking
123
86 111
Demanding with menaces
12
19
19
23
False pretences and cheating
52
58
37
42
Receiving and possession of stolen good: 1,269 881 1,347
914
Larceny by servant
55
73
58
78
2. Arson
3. Malicious damage
13
.28
16
4. Forgery
24
30
5
៩១៨៖១ |
| ឌ១ន | គង
75
92
75
11
5
10
9
10
10
29
25
30
5
5
1
2
560
379
190
82
750
461
40
54
6
1
46
55
༤
463
371
38
13
9
-
30
8
30
4
6
5
6
5. Other offences
370
602
389
640
251
478
16
256
494
93
72
652
5
(b)—Against their persons.
1. Murder
2. Manslaughter
3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm
4. Common assault
5. Kidnapping
6. Sexual offences
7. Other offences
3
13
36
5
2
5
2
11
31
41
36
46
15
16
172
228
229
275
63
74
6
1
1
1
78
181
11
11
Į
1
16
2
1
17
17
10
14
68
82
34
56
2
7
1
6
1
1
1
1
82
48
93
54
43
19
14
11
57
30
18
9
111
2
3
4
ප
圣
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(c) Against the Crown and Govt.
1. Passport and aliens registration offences
2. Weights and measures offences
3. Currency offences
4. Sedition and intimidation
·40
උස
888
18
13
16
2
8
10
පස
16
621
621
430
6
1
5. Unlawful societies
1
1
6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land
89
167
104
7. Misconduct by Government officers
10
197 7
65 4
115 5
21
39
86
154
2
2
4
5
1
8. Opium offences
9. Dangerous drugs
10. Tobacco and Liquor offences
11. Other offences
1,274 1,5111,322 1,583 1,205 1,440 735 1,185 761 1,253 660 1,115
54
58 1,259 1,498
48
70
12
14
21
44
681 1,159
57
70
13
11
429
281 339 251 249 189 292 215
248 382
244 180
70
45 319
234
12
9
5
5
63
26 307
206
51
30
16
4
Carried forward
7,270 7,996 7,464 8,253 5,167 6,044
479
3495,646 6,393 1,008 942 116
82
Under this heading are included 473 cases of offences against the Forestry Ordinance.
H 9-
Table IV,-Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATËS' COURT DURING THE YF
Convicted and sentenced.
KOWLOON.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each He
Bound ove
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
1938 1939
1938 1939 1938
1939 1938
Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.
M.
F.
To keep the peace of good behavi
M.
}
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938
1,259 1,330
20
818
453
32
26
13 2
242
111,279 1,341
114 101
12
8
126 109
1
319 456
38
37
1
1
39
38
34
28
10
4
1
11
4
2
5
5
5
34
5
34
20
63
92
75
92
75
5
11
6
9
10
9
10
10
8
10
2
21
29
25
80
5
2
6
7
560
379
190
750 461
463
371
38
13
501
384
1
2
40
54
6
46
55
7
9
7
9
8
30
5
6
85
88
4
6
251
478
5
16
256
494
93
72
642
5
7
111
5
5
5
9
98
81
Co
3
|||
2
11
!
11
1
16.
1
1
15
16
17
17
10
14
3
10
63
74
.68
82
34
56
4
36
9-E8
16
19
1
1
17
4
60
1
1
2
1
2
5
1
1
1
5
5
43
19
14
11
57
30
18
6
4
24
13
5
4
16
621
16
2
7
5
10
10
6
Co
1
6
co
1
1
65
115
10 10
21
39
86 154
5
2
7
5
5
2
1,205 1,440
54
58 1,259 1,498
70
12
660 1,115
21
44 681
1,159
70
13
249 189
70
45 319 234
12
9
244 180
63
26 307 206
51
30
16
2356
14
60
84
11
70.
81
5
17
14
4
67
34
15,167 6,044 479
3495,646 6,393 1,008 942
116
821,124 1,024
70 125
re included 473 cases of offences against the Forestry Ordinance.
Co
6
1
27
4
2
1
1
3
7
6
6
5
111
103
21
3
2
2
11
161
133
40
T DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
dants under each Head.
Bound over without further penalty.
on or
rders
Police Supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
rnor.
To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.
To come up for judgment.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1939
1938
1939
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
27
4
2
2 268 337
9
10
23
29
31
17
96
1
467
432
124
129
1
3
1
1938 1939 1938 1939
83
***
3
50 5
| 1
2
8
35
4
1
61
51
20
16
3
132
4
14
22324
17
1
11
32
8
5
1
3
1
7
6
2
ลง
24
43
1111
1
5
2
76
83
7
9
6
5 111
20
103
21
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
T
Co
2
2
1
| | │
161 133
།༥
13
2
19
2
ON
40
28 385
482
32
59
73
93
T
T
9
11
1
862
701
10
2 111
73
1
Į
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER CO
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges. Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
Brought forward
(d)-Against Public Justice.
1. Escape and breach of prison
2. Returning from banishment
3. Perjury
4. Bribery
5. Other offences
(e-Against the Public peace.
1. Breach of the peace
3. Other offences
2. Unlawful possession of arms
(f)-Against trade.
Cases, how disposed o
Discharged
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
1938
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
7,270 7,9967,464 8,2535,167 6,044
479
349 5,646 6,393 1,008 942 116
82
247
78∞
7 420
246
418
8
18
7
311
41 310
2015
20
18
18
211 380
10
12
221
392
2
2
5
1
6
13
4
11
12
2
51
263
24
39
1
802
25
5
21
2
64 184
166
407
24
65
18
56
96
105
108
105
28
28
56
9
9
37
13
77
588
37
13
80
2
79
88899985
65
10
37
80
19
929
12
948
1. Unmanifested cargo
2. Stowing away
27
3. Trade Marks infringement
3
4. Employers and workmen offences
7
5. Food and drugs offences
11
11
6. Other offences
25
92
CELEST
2
1
19
66
27
50
13
3
10
28-
1
2
1
21
1
3
8-
50
21
12
1
3
2
3
7
3
11
11
11
24
99
19
8888
10
11
82
2
10
21
0803
10
92
3
(g)-Against Public Morals and Police..
27715
8
3
1. Begging and touting
3. Lotteries and gambling
2. Brothels and procuration of women
983 1,0561,010
946 295 232
42
58 337 290
39
44
6
10
360
348 364 360 277 213
81
137 358 350
2
3
4. Offences against public health
224
12. Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs 13. Mui Tsai offences of a technical nature 14. Ill-treatment of Mui Tsai
5. Street hawkers offences
6. Obstruction
7. Offences with fire crackers
8. Drunkenness
9. Traffic offences of a technical nature 10. Dangerous driving of vehicles 11. Vagrants
42 .102 1 4 3,582 3,421 3,528 3,350 3,275 3,004
204
203
3301,086 1,683 1,006 1,449 895 1,196 904 1,241 685 680 11,967 9,395 11,960 9,4137,256 7,447 4,175 5,021 1,295 5,024 1,291 2,755 1,013 1,768
103
49
179 1,055 1,628
26
43
3
43 100 728 780
145
455
25
1,825 11,4319,272
290
115 207
23
171 4,523 1,184
334
99 164
CLK2R4
1
45 4
86
34 3
86
34
16
11
3
32
35 3,307 3,039
212
292
3
81
81 192
76
1
193
76
10
5
6
4
4
164
201
157
173
108
102
19
60 72
4
55
71
10
22
28
4
2
1
15. Other offences
1,014
509
936
539
713 379
92
68
885
12 127 114
26
45
13
26 38
1
1
805
447
86
51
229
12
10
3219
Total
32,685 26,936 33,7708,683 22,503 21,413 6,867 2,995 29,370 24,408 2,256 2,219 569 160
* figures included in 6 other offences (1)
H 10
Table IV,-Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT DURING TI
KOWLOON,-Continued.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each'H
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.
Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.
J
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F1.
Convicted and sentenced.
Bound ove
To keep the peace of good behav
M.
161
133
40
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938
5,167 6,044 479
349 5,646 6,393 1,008
942 116
821,124 1,024 70 125
6
9
18
18
211
380 10
12
221 392
5
1
6
4
11
1
4
263
24
39
1
302
2257545
12
28
28
56
13
77
58
37
80
G
2
2
cr bo
2
1
5
21
2
E
1 1 1 1 1
2
6
18
24
2
1
1
7
21
9
9
2503
37
13
79
358
65
10
37
80
19
ON!
49
8
1
2
4
12
11
២២២
18
2
19
12
BA8
50
4
8
12
3
50
28-
1
21
3
11
19
888
10
82
2
| | | | |
2
1
50
21
12
1
3
2 2 2
2
3
11
10
10
21
92
27715
1.
423
15
3
111
1 1 1 1 1 1
277
295 232
42
58
337 290
39
44
6
10
45
277 213
81
137 358 350
2
3
4
3
6
1,006 1,449
49
1791,055 1,628
26
43
3
5
29
48
685 680
43
100 728 780
145
455
25
170
457
7,2567,4474,175 1,825 11,431 9,272
,755 1,013 1,768
290 115 207
497
198
171 4,523 1,184
334
99
164
498
103
86
34
86
34
16
11
16
11
3
3
5,275 3,004
32
35 3,307 3,039
212 292
192
76
1
193
76
10
4
NO ON
2
❤
214
295
10
5
108
102
19
12 127
114
26
45
4
13
4
10
22
28
26
38
1
12
1
1
1
1
713
379
92
68
805
447
86
51
10
229
3219
30
58
13
3
2
96
60
2,503 21,413 6,867 2,995 29,870 24,408 2,256 |2,219 569 160 2,8252,379 93
other offences (1)
..
1 1 1 1
85
210
26
5
4
111
1 1 1 1 1 1
| | |
| | | | | |
167
6
11
1
1| 1| 1|
19
3
12
2
4
120
∞ ∞
1
I
I
1
1
10
23
12
7
915
373
101
COURT DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
dants under each' Head.
on or rders
Police Supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
rnor.
To keep the peace and be
of good behaviour.
To come up for judgment.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
Bound over without further penalty.
1939
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938
1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
1938 1939 1938 1939
1938 1939 1938
1939
161
133
40
28 385 482 32
59
59
73
33
}
862 701
10
2 111
73
| | | | |
I
| 11
11111
1
2
85 210
26 80
5
4
11
3
6
1
| | |
| | │
| | | | |
| | | | |
་
192
267
10
4
1
62
12
།།ཡ
3
111
111
1
111
| | | | | |
19
3
12
3
486
440 111 156
165
164
15
6
101
104
14
16
2
14
6
4
1
2
1
5
13
10 00
27
1
4
54
18
15
1
10
18
23
12
7
5
13
5
11
3
1
315 978 101 193
903 982 157 230
133
73
33
I
1,382 1,154
60
13
216 179
14
16
Hil
Punishments.
Table V
Hong Kon
Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect of Certain Clas
Number of Persons
Offences against Individuals.
Punished.
Description.
Against their Property.
Against their Persons.
Ag
a)
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M
Fined
20,924 17,621 4,811
Imprisoned in default
3,608 3,697 698
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
3,070 97 189
2921,2631,274 211
1939 1939 1938 1939
1938
24
40
29
60
2
5
509
75
27
28
5
1,546
Imprisoned without option
3,084 3,018 76
40 2,529 2,210 22
22
20
49
43
13
168
Imprisoned and birched
137 164
135 164
† 2
}
*
:
To be sent back to country
Expelled from the Colony
Sentenced to House of Detention
54 126
10
1
9
91
1
1
30
18
1
29
33
14
Bound over to be of good behaviour
466
783
58
80
371
593
22
54
16
33
Co
1
11
Bound over and fined
19
16
1
Co
6
Bound over and ordered to pay compensation
4
32
1
9
1
20
Bound over, ordered to pay compensation, and fined
1
1
Bound over and imprisoned
2
I
1
1
I
Bound over to keep peace
205
114
21
11
22
8
56
40
5
Imprisoned until Court rises
15
7
2
Bound over to come up for judgment
79 217
41
28
59 154
12
18
4
3
7
Enforcement of bonds
(38) (114)
(2) (37) (111)
(2)
Total
*
28,661 25,827 5,715 3,524 4,487 4,695 294 209 194 233
33
12 2,273 2,
KOWLOON.
Punishments.
Number of Persons
Punished.
Offences against Individuals.
Against their
Description.
Property.
Against their Persons.
Agai: and
M.
F
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
Fined
Imprisoned in default
Imprisoned without option
Imprisoned and birched
1938 1939 1938 1939
15,457 14,160 5,990 2,500
4,310 4,523 701 422
2,421 2,499 76
92 127
1938 1939 1938 1939
75 115
832 1,016
64 1,522 1,568
1938
1939 1938 1939 1938 19
45
29
39
33
7
11 253
122
77
3
18
3
21,829 2,5′
14
5
33
30
9
4 358 2.
92 127
Expelled from the Colony
48
16 30
1
3
Sentenced to House of Detention
11
1
1
Bound over to come up for judgment
903
932 157
230
376 457
29
34
1
1
2
8
Bound over to be of good behaviour
180
330 68 118
42
10
4
5
29
99
4
20
5
Bound over and fined
74
11 52
2
23
33
23
7
2
2
Bound over and ordered to pay compensation
16
35 1
4
6
20
1
2
14
2
Bound over, ordered to pay compensation, and fined
3:
3
2
1
3.
Bound over and imprisoned
74
27
14
3
47
21
13
3
15
5
1
Bound over to keep peace
135
43 33
15
3
82
20
21
3
Imprisoned until Court rises
1
3
1
Fined and ordered to pay compensation
Enforcement of bonds
(16) (109)
(69)
Total
*
(216) (179) (14)
23,721 22,768 7,125 3,358 3,021 3,337 261
46 2,457 3,09
Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have already been included in fiœures und-
1
(2)
(2)
(2)
155 235 232
48
H 11
Table V.
HONG KONG.
of Certain Classes of Offences during the Years 1938 AND 1939 Adults only.
Offences of a Public Nature.
heir
Against the Crown
and Government.
Against Public Justice.
Against the Public Peace.
Against Trade.
Against Public Morals and Police.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
938
1939
1938 1939 1938 1939
1939
1939 1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938 1939
1938 1939
1938
1939
1939 1939
2
509 382
53
21
8
10
38
33
2
124 104
16
5
1,546 2,019
151
51
1
15
4
13
2
9
11
1 20,119 16,843 4,714 3,003
749 348 331 162
13
1
168
386
7
10
254
306
12
2
14
5
1
71
68
22
Co
1
[
1
10
5
29
16
1
1
6
1
11
55
5
3
7
5
2
44
30
9
1
33
14
36
39
10
4
31
63
15
18
10
10
2
3
1
117
63
11
6
7
3
15
4
1
8
27
23
(1)
(1)
1
6
7
25
6
(2)
33
12 2,273 2,889
223
92
264 333
12
229 161
23
11
134
116
16
KOWLOON.
Offences of a Public Nature.
1 21,080 17,400 5,114 3,193
their
ons.
Against the Crown
and Government.
Against Public Justice.
Against the Public Peace.
Against Trade.
Against Public Morals and Police.
F.
M.
M.
F
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1938
1939 1938
1939
1938
1939
1938 1939
1938 1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939 1938
1939
1938
1939
1938 1939
7
11
253 229
88
68
31
3
8
2
7
44
9
29
92
2
10 15,023 13,644 5,840 2,371
3
21,829 2,565
111
137
185
10
27
17
50
32
17
1,412 847
438 206
9
4
358 254
28
7
266
420
12
12
68
75
21
3
153 149
13
36
1
47
30
12
1
3
1
5
3
1
2
8
22
2
23
2
4
11
5
512
482
125
171
4
20
10
4
11
2
42
191
14
68
1
59
26
35
336
25
3
2
2
1
17
11
9
1
1
1
21
3
1
1
1
48
23
12
12
1
3
2
2
6
―
(2) (2)
(1)
(105) (105) (14) (16)
48
46 2,457 3,090
242 235 487
435
50
14
212 398
37
89
84 122
2
10 17,225 15,154 6,485 2,809
-
n included in figures under "Fined" or "Imprisoned”
1 without imprisonment.
Classification of offences.
Total No. of Charges.
Total No. of Defendants.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
1938 1939
RETURN OF BOY
Caned in Court.
Fined.
† 1
2
3
4
1
2
3
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1933 1939 193
1. Simple larceny
100 136
103 144
¡
3
1
14 8
30
38
1
1
2. Larceny from person
95
162
98
170
1
1
15
4
19 55
3. Receiving & unlawful possession
51
65
52
66
1
1
6
1
10
8
1
4
1
4. Larceny by servant
7
3
7
3
3
5. Other offences
13
16
15
18
1
1
-
(a)-Against their property.
(b) Against their person.
1. Common assault
2. Bodily harm
3. Other offences
14
6
Co
14
6
3
1
1
5
I
I
I
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
I
I
OFFENCES OF PUBLIC NATURE.
(c)—Against the Crown and Govt.
1. Trespass and Damage on Crown Land...
2
9
11
2. Opium offences
1
4
4
3. Tobacco and Liquor offences
15
12
15
13
4. Dangerous drug offences
7
4
7
5. Other offences
9
6
14
6
(d)—Against Public Justice.
Į
1
I
1. Returning from banishment
(e) Against Public Peace.
1. Breach of peace
5
5
6
(f)—Against Trade.
1. Other offences
3
1
3
1
(g)—Against Public Moral and Police.
I
1
1
f
2
2
3
-
1
1
2
1. Offences against Public Health
13
14
13
14
2. Traffic offences
3565
28
35
28
3. Begging and touting
12
11
12
11
4. Lotteries and Gambling
9
7
9
7
5. Hawkers offences
721
230 729
230
6. Other offences
2
22
3
24
1
Total
1,118
747 1,141 774
1
1
1
1
}
1
ļ
T
1
i
T
T
p
1
2
4
Į
I
1
1
6
T
1
1
2
2
8
4
3 2
24
2
!
2
1
3
1
3
12 1 64
1 116
32 235 9
1
1
2
1
2
LO
5
3
47
17
79 105
13
1 72
5 126
45 280 13€
† (1)
Age under 10.
Appendix I.
REPORT OF THE LAND OFFICER AND REGISTRAR
OF MARRIAGES FOR THE YEAR 1939.
PART I.-LAND OFFICE.
REGISTRATION.
1. During the year 3,839 instruments were registered under the provisions of Ordinance No. 1 of 1844,-an increase of 87 compared with the preceding year.
2. The total number of instruments registered under the provisions of the above mentioned ordinance (since 1844) to the end of the year 1939 was 163,957.
3. The number of instruments registered each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.
4. The total consideration on sales, mortgages, surrenders and miscellaneous land transactions registered in the Land Office amounted to $49,929,581.05 particulars of which are shewn in Table II.
5. 497 Crown Icases were previous year a decrease of 23.
CROWN LEASES.
issued during the year, as against 520 in the
Particulars are set out in Table III.
6. The number of leases issued each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.
FEES.
7. The total amount of fees collected (exclusive of the New Territories) amounted to $94,832.00, being an increase of $2,881.25 on the preceding year. Table IV shews the monthly revenue.
8. Land. Registration Fees in the New Territories amounted to $11,470.90, and Crown Lease Fees to $240.00.
9.
The total fees collected during the past ten years is shewn in Table V.
GRANTS OF LAND.
10. The total area of land leased during the year under review was 686 acres 0 rood and 20.6 poles, of which 632 acres, 1 rood and 30.4 poles were dealt with by the District Officers.
11. Particulars of grants, surrenders and resumptions during the year are shewn on pages U 2 and 3 of the Blue Book for 1939.
SURRENDERS.
12. 64 surrenders of land required for public purposes (including surrenders under contracts of exchange) were prepared and registered in the Land Office.
I 2
STAMP DUTIES.
13. Stamp Duties paid on registered documents (exclusive of Probates and Letters of Administration) amounted to $269,869.00 a decrease of $2,956.10.
CROWN RENTS.
11. The number of lots entered on the Hong Kong and Kowloon Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VI-was 12,487 an increase of 813 on the preceding year.
15. The Crown Rents on this roll amounted to $747,969.64-an increase on the preceding year of $28,372.42.
16. The number of lots entered on the Village Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VII was 1,937 a decrease of 14 on the preceding year.
17. The Crown Rents on this roll amounted to $1,307.80 a decrease of $7.00 as compared with the preceding year.
18. The total Crown Rents amounted to $749,277.44 an increase of $28,365.42 on the year 1938-mainly due to the re-grant of lots after re-entry.
19. During the year the number of sections the Crown Rents of which were determined under the Crown Rents (Apportionment) Ordinance, 1936 was 370 and the total sum of fees collected was $4,699.00.
20.
DOCUMENTS.
1,015 miscellaneous documents were prepared in the Land Office during the year, being an increase of 36 compared with the year 1938; viz :—
(a) 497 Crown Leases (with counterparts).
(b) 261 Memorials for the registration of Undertakings relating to verandahs
and balconies over Crown Land.
(c) 64 Surrenders of land required for public purposes, street improvements
and private exchanges.
(d) 164 Agreements for exchanges and surrenders.
e) 22 Memorials of Re-entry.
(f)7 Deeds of Convenant relating to scavenging lane.
TABLE I.
Number of Instruments Registered and Crown Leases Granted During
The Years 1930 to 1939.
Instruments Registered.
Year.
Crown Leases Granted.
1930
5,517
874
1931
6,181
517
1932
6.345
938
1933
5,152
721
1934
4,441
673
1935
4,044
503
1936
3,962
638
1937
3,347
742
1938
3,752
520
1939
3,839
497
A
I 3
TABLE II.
Consideration on Instruments Registered in the Land Office During the Year 1939.
No. of Lots
Description of Instruments.
Number Registered.
or Portions
of Lots Affected.
Total Consideration.
$
Assignments
1,277
1,594
23,236,495.71
Satisfaction
Mortgages and Transfer of Mortgages. Reassignments and Certificates of
Surrenders .....
987
1,340
13,091,162.61
821
1,121
12,991,372.73
64
80
108,350.00
Judgments and Orders of Court
60
145
396,200.00
Miscellaneous Documents
511
919
106.000.00
Probates and Letters of Administra-
tion, (Estate Duties and Interest
$222,297.25)
119
293
Total ...
3,839
5,492
49,929,581.05
TABLE III.
Crown Leases Granted During the Year 1939.
Hong Kong
Kowloon New Kowloon
Total
Victoria Marine
Victoria Inland
Rural Building
Victoria Garden
Victoria Permanent Pier
Shaukiwan Inland
Aberdeen Inland
Shek O Inland
5
285
со
1
1
Kowloon Inland
New Kowloon Inland
New Kowloon Dairy Farm
Tai Po Inland
CO
3
2 2
116 71
N
1
497
I 4
―
TABLE IV.
Return of Monthly Revenue Faid in Stamps to the Land Office During the Year 1939.
Registration
Month.
of Deeds.
Searches, Copy Documents,
Crown Lease Fees.
Total.
and
Certifications.
co
$
$
EA
$
¢
$ ė
January February
5,691.00
583.50
2,490.00
8,764.50
4.814.00
448.00
1,440.00
6,702.00
March
5,116.00
2,890.50
2,760.00
10,766.50
April
3,806.00
668.00
2,100.00
6,574.00
May
5,415.00
1,488.75
2,840.00
9.743.75
June
4,738.00
1,332.50
3,210.00
9.280.50
July
5,076.00
515.00
1.920.00
7.511.00
August
5,426.00
538.00
1,650.00
7.614.00
September
3,957.00
749.75
1,470.00
6.176.75
October
4,275.00
1,142.00
1,440.00
6,857.00
November
5,196.00
535.00
2,910.00
8,641.00
December
4,219.00
542.00
1,440.00
6,201.00
Totals
57,729.00
11,433.00
25,670.00
94,832.00
94,832.00-1939 Total.
91,950.75—1938 Total.
2,881.25 Increase.
TABLE V.
Fees Collected During the Years 1930 to 1939.
Year.
Registration
of Deeds.
Searches, and Copies of Documents.
Grants of Leases.
Total.
$
$ &
$
&
$
¢
1930
84,339.00
7,043.75
25,472.00
116,854.75
1931
94,054.00
7,254.00
17,290.00
118,598.00
1932
98,335.00
8,789.25
44,430.00
151,554.25
1933
$1,508.00
8,547.25
36,810.00
126,865.25
1934
67.345.00
6,863.25
35,850.00
110,058.25
1935
61.133.00
6,811.50
25,270.00
93,214.50
1936
59,310.00
6,296.75
33,960.00
99,566.75
1937
47,887.00
8,639.50
39,760.00
96,286.50
1938
54,332.00
10,258.75
27,360.00
91.950.75
1939
57,729.00
11,433.00
25,670.00
94.832.00
>
x
I 5
TABLE VI.
Hong Kong and Kowloon Rent Roll.
Locality and Description.
No. of Lots.
Total Crown Rent.
$
&
Victoria Marine Lot
479
71,054.09
Praya Reclamation Marine Lot
28
858.91
Inland Lot
5,021
244,985.90
Quarry Bay Marine Lot
3
Inland Lot
وو
13
18,946.00 4,024.00
Victoria Farm Lot
6
381.55
Garden Lot
61
وو
Rural Building Lot
302
2,458.00 60,287.70
Aberdeen Marine Lot
7
579.16
Inland Lot
>>
85
1,208.97
Aplichau Marine Lot
Inland Lot
Shaukiwan Marine Lot
Inland Lot
20
113.88
46
282.48
10
2,308.00
30
236
5,109.30
Stanley Inland Lot
9
135.00
Pokfulam Dairy Farm Lot
4
2,712.00
Kowloon Marine Lot
55
50,920.80
Inland Lot
""
3,318
146.225.55
Garden Lot
>>
1
1.00
Hung Hom Marine Lot
Shek O Inland Lot
Tai Tam Inland Lot
Tong Po Inland Lot
New Kowloon Marine Lot
3
6,590.00
Inland Lot
203
9,286.00
19
105.00
1
1.00
1
1.00
3
18,938.00
Inland Lot
2,485
76,794.35
Farm Lot
2
36.00
Rural Building Lot
1
42.00
Tai Po Inland Lot
9
748.00
Fan Ling Lot
2
1,898.00
Sheung Shui Lot
8
Mining Lot
1,304.00
3
2,670.00
Tsun Wan Marine Lot
6
12,436.00
Inland Lot
JJ
15
2,658.00
New Kowloon Dairy Farm Lot
20
1,160.00
Tsing I Marine Lot
1
76.00
Ping Shan Inland Lot
1
634.00
Total
12,487
747,969.64
I 6
TABLE VII.
Village Rent Roll.
No. of Lots. Total Crown Rent.
Locality and Description.
$¢
Aberdeen
15
43.50
Pokfulam
24
28.25
Tai Hang
156
632.50
Ah Kung Ngam
25
18.25
Shaukiwan
27
15.00
Hau Pui Loong
12
44.00
Wong Tsuk Hang
2
34.50
Tai Hang Stream
12
47.00
Tong Po
1
2.50
Tytam Tuk
3
2.50
Chung Hom Bay
1
.50
Chinese Joss House Bowen Road Victoria
1
3.00
Telegraph Bay
11
33.00
Little Hong Kong
174
68.10
Shek O
Hok Tsui
Chai Wan
Stanley
313
67.50
123
26.80
723
125.80
314
115.10
Total
1,937
1,307.80
k
- I 7
PART II.-MARRIAGE REGISTRY.
MARRIAGES.
1. The number of marriages celebrated in the Colony during the year was 781, (of which 579 were between Chinese persons) as compared with 544 (and 336) respectively in 1938-an increase of 237. Particulars are given in Table I infra.
FEES.
2. The total amount of fees received under the second schedule of the Marriage Ordinance 1875, was $7,439.00 as compared with $5,081.00 in 1938-an increase of $2,358.00. Particulars are shewn in Table II. The increase is mainly accounted for by the greater number of marriages solemnized at the office of the Registrar.
3. The number of marriages solemnized and the total amount of fees collected each year during the past ten years are shewn in Table III.
TABLE I.
(1) Marriages by SPECIAL LICENCE, 23.
(a) At Licensed Places of
Public Worship.
7.
(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.
16.
(2) Marriages by REGISTRAR'S CERTIFICATE, 758.
(a) At Licensed Places of
Public Worship.
265.
(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.
493.
•
I 8
TABLE III.
Fees Received During 1939.
760 Certificates of Notice (Registrar's Certi- ficates) under Sec. 8 of Ord. No. 7 of 1875
3 Certificates of Notice (Registrar's Certi- ficates) under Section 5 of Foreign Marriage Ordinance, 1903
8 Searches
75 Certified Copies
19 Licences to Registrar of Marriages to issue his Certificates under Sec. 9 of Ord. No. 7 of 1875
1 Licence to Registrar of Marriages to issue his Certificate under Sec. 6 of Foreign Marriage Ordinance, 1903.
26 Special Licences
509 Marriages at the Office of the Registrar
3 Miscellaneous
Fee.
Total Fees.
$
¢
@
$ 1.00
760.00
$ 1.00
3.00
(@
$ 1.00
8.00
$ 1.00
75.00
(0
$10.00
190.00
$10.00
10.00
$50.00
1,300.00
$10.00
5,090.00
$ 1.00
3.00
Total
$7,439.00
TABLE III,
Year.
No. of Marriages Solemnized.
Total Amount of Fees Collected.
$
¢
1930
187
2,059.00
1931
228
2,705.00
1932
265
3,198.97
1933
283
2,440.00
1934
325
3,327.90
1935
368
3,197.00
1936
375
3,168.00
1937
421
!
3,286.16
1938
544
5,081.00
1939
781
7,439.00
PART III.--GENERAL.
STAFF.
There has been no change of staff. Mr. T. J. Gould (now Crown Counsel and Marshal in Prize in addition) having acted as Assistant Land Officer and Deputy Registrar of Marriages throughout the year.
19th March, 1940.
T. S. WHYTE-SMITH, Land Officer and Registrar of Marriages.
Appendix J.
REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR THE YEAR 1939.
A. NORTHERN DISTRICT.
EXPENDITURE AND REVEnue.
1. Appendices I and II show some comparative details of expenditure and revenue in 1938 and 1939. Except for land sales there was a general increase in revenue, reflecting the prosperity and increased demand for licences, etc., which has followed the abnormal increase of the population by the influx of refugees, some of whom are, by local standards, rich, and by the steady settlement in this District of comparatively rich persons who are tired of urban life, or consider the country potentially safer. Once more, the crown rent paid exceeded $100,000. It is not considered that there is any real diminution in the present rather strong demand to buy crown land: the figures under this head are notoriously capricious.
2. In the absence of the normal damage due to typhoons, floods, and so on, the demand for assistance from the local public works vote was exceptionally slack. The natural typhoon refuge near Wong I Au, Tai Po, was deepened and widened. the undergrowth around it cleared, and its banks strengthened. It can now shelter most of the small boats likely to use it, and is quickly used when typhoon signals are hoisted.
MAGISTRACY, AND SMALL DEBTS COURT.
3. Appendices V to IX show details of the cases, both criminal and civil, heard by the District Officer sitting as magistrate during the year.
The magistrate's court was busier than ever. The total number of charges was a little short of the highest previous figure, recorded in 1937, but the number of persons committed for trial at the Supreme Court, 116, was very easily the highest yet recorded. The average for the 10 years 1927-1936 was under 11. Circumstances, of course, continued to be exceptionally favourable for persons of criminal intention, and a distinct risk attached to travel on the waters of Mirs Bay and Deep Bay, to say nothing of the Chinese waters beyond. The largest class of offences was that of dealing in opium or heroin, or smuggling tobacco or spirit. The towns of Yuen Long and Tai Po, and other large centres such as San Hui (near Castle Peak), Shek Wu Hui (near Sheung Shui), Sha T'au Kok, and Sai Kung, all have divans. There were periodical strong demands from Chinese territory, especially Tung Kun, for opium, and many persons were caught running opium, even Hong Kong Government opium, out of the Colony, which is an unusual trend. Illicit distilling of rice-spirit undoubtedly continues in remote places. The second largest class of offences was those under the Larceny Ordinance, and, once again, a feature of these cases was the frequent success of the Police in recovering the property stolen.. Traffic offences constituted the third largest class, and the magistrate issued a written circular warning to drivers of lorries, buses, and other heavy vehicles that drivers convicted of exceeding 20 miles an hour world he severely punished. Drivers, however, are apparently willing to take the risk. and, in spite of exemplary fines of $15, $20 and $25, "speeding" by heavy vehicles continues to be the rule. The failure of such fines to act as a deterrent For the unlawful suggests that the business of transportation is a profitable one. possession of arms 17 persons were convicted and sentenced, and 40 committed for trial. 20 persons were accused of homicide, but only 4 were committed for trial. 37 persons were committed to stand their trial for robbery, and 10 burglars were convicted and sentenced. The habit of the local people of secreting large quantities of cash in their houses. instead of depositing it in banks or other safe places, undoubtedly encourages deliberately planned robbery. The Police again had a very busy year.
J 2
4. As was to be expected, the number of deaths in unusual circumstances, 216, was easily the greatest recorded. Most of the subjects were needy refugees, including a number of children. Of the latter, there was not a noticeable prepon- derance of females over males. Deaths again occurred on the roads and railway, and in the mine at Lin Ma Hang. 27 death inquiries were held, as against an average of under 5 for the years 1929-1936.
5. The diminution in the number of small debts cases was due to a stricter classification, whereby some cases hitherto falling under this head were transferred to the Land Court.
LAND AND AGRICULTURE.
6. Statistics regarding the sale, etc., of crown land are shown in Appendix X.
In last year's report reference was made to "a marked rise in the value of land throughout the "district." In the year under review the value was well maintained, and there is reason to hope that for some years yet the demand for crown land will not weaken. Yuen Long New Market, in particular, shows signs of expanding rapidly. More deeds were registered than in 1938, and there was a greater increase in the fees paid.
7. The land resumed was for extending the forestry reserve at Tai Po Kau, and widening the road to the Volunteer Camp at Fan Ling and the main road at Shek Wu Hui.
8. There was no slackening, of course, in the demand for housing, and landlords did well. There were a number of evictions, but landlords appear to be aware that though the Prevention of Eviction Ordinance, 1938, does not apply to the New Territories, it might be applied to its urban areas if the need were shown, and this apprehension acts as a useful brake.
There was
9. The farmers were once again very lucky in their weather. considerable rain earlier than usual, in March; and April, with a rainfall nearly three times the normal, ensured abundance of water for the first crop of padi. Rain again fell propitiously for the second crop, and conditions were good for both harvests, which were exceptionally satisfactory. Rice-in-husk averaged $5.50 a picul. The small typhoon of the 23rd of November, though it damaged vegetables to an estimated extent of $14,000, ensured a sufficiency of water for the winter. Prices for vegetables and livestock were good, and farmers, gardeners and breeders had a satisfactory year. Sai Kung and Tai Po had 20% more rain than Lok Ma Chow and Ping Shan.
10. The great demand for firewood in the Colony led, as was expected, to an increase in the demand for licences for afforestation. Illicit cutting also continued on a large scale.
11. Sea-fishing continued to be handicapped by the Sino-Japanese conflict, and the exportation of dried fish ceased. The oyster harvest was unsatisfactory, because, it seems, lack of rain early in the winter, resulting in excessive saltness of the water in Deep Bay, stunted their growth and spoilt their quality.
12. There were 144 disputes in the Land Court, as against 127 and 91 in the two previous years, but the increase, being chiefly due to the stricter classification mentioned in paragraph 5 above, was more apparent than real. These cases are the most troublesome part of a District Officer's work, and may be long and complex. They are apt to recur, too, after lying dormant for a decade or longer.
J 3
GENERAL.
13. For the first time, sanitary inspectors were posted to the New Territories. They are Chinese, under a Chinese Health Officer. The latter and his staff were very active and accomplished much, without a single prosecution. Incinerators were built at Shek Wu Hui and Sai Kung. The Government dispensaries at Tai Po and Yuen Long, and the travelling dispensary, as also St. John Ambulance, were exceptionally busy.
14. In the course of the year the department issued and distributed notices on a large scale (600 copies) urging villagers to assist the Police in catching robbers at night by giving prompter and louder alarm; and drawing attention (not for the first time) to the necessity for compliance with the Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance and to the penalties provided thereby.
15. There were 52 "Women and Girls" and 14 "Miscellaneous" cases.
16. Mr. S. F. Balfour was Assistant District Officer from the 9th of August te the 24th of September, and Mr. J. H. B. Lee came out to assist from time to time, chiefly in the magistrate's and coroner's court.
17. I was again greatly indebted to the gentlemen of the Heung Yi Kuk for ready assistance and sound advice. Their steadiness and good sense is most helpful.
27th of March, 1940
J. BARROW.
District Officer, North.
J 4
Appendix I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE BY THE DISTRICT OFFICE IN
1938 AND 1939.
Personal Emoluments*
1938.
$60,994.59
1939.
$68,537.91
Other Charges.
Conveyance Allowances
1,585.37
1.992.00
Electric Light & Fans
179.25
197.90
Incidental Expenses
449.70
449.36
Local Public Works
3,900.00
431.77
Transport
420.10
296.63
Scavenging
1,795.10
8.711.51
Uniforms
295.52
242.14
Upkeep of Grounds of Island House
180.00
184.00
Special Expenditure.
Law Books
Ni
92.34
Total Other Charges
$8,805.04
7,525.31
Total Special Expenditure
Total Department
$76.155.56
*Includes cfficers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to the Department.
Nil
$69,799.63
92.34
Appendix II.
1938 AND 1939.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE DISTRICT OFFICER IN
Dangerous Goods Licences
1938. $2,036.25
Ferries Licences
3.00
Forestry Licences, N.T.
6,736.10
1939. $2,132.46
3.00
8,103.08
Liquor Licences
1,662.50
1,968.75
Money Changers' Licences.
275.00
450.00
Pawnbrokers' Licences
1,500.00
1.500.00
Tobacco Retailer Licences
2,521.00
2,872.00
Assessed Taxes (Rates) N.T. North
8,049.87
8,300.36
Fines
4,458.70
5.672.25
Building Covenant Fines
762.16
802.66
Forfeitures
938.00
705.00
Court Fees
38.75
42.07
Boundary Stone & Survey Fees
144.00
192.00
Crown Leases
30.00
Permits to cut earth, etc.
3,762.83
4,680.83
Certified Extracts
138.00
110.00
Sunprints
120.00
95.00
Warrant Fees (Crown Rent & Small Debt's Court)
411 00
603.00
Grave Certificates
Legal Costs
Stamps for Deeds
Matshed Permits
1.00 15.60
3.50
4,556.20
5.883.40
5,743.60
5.991.07
Permits to occupy land
Leased Lands (Crown Rent N.T.)
3,587.97
4.735.78
99,292.16
100.878.81
Pineapple Land Leases
Stone Quarries Permits
Overpayment in Previous Years
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
Timber Sales
Land Sales
389.76 1,295.00
443.79
1,331.00
0.50
137.00
72.53
333.50
20,394.93
11,435.04
Total:.
$169,000.38
$169.341.38
The following Revenue from this District was collected by the Accountant-General in Hong Kong.
Mining Royalties
Crown Rent
Estate Duty on estates wholly within the District
Total:
$13,713.01
$23.339.07
4,868 00 1,648.35
4,868.00
1,782.65
$20,229.36
$29.989.72
L
די
J 5
Appendix III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS.
Year.
*Personal Emoluments &
Other Charges.
Special Expenditure.
Total Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
$
$
$
$
1930......
61,273.56
61,273.56
146,300.10
1931...... 61,241.64
1932...... 61,663.99
61,241.64
165,014.61
61,663.99
179,033.92
1933....
67,216.42
67,216.42
195,021.92
1934...... 67,365.49
67,365.49
169,816.21
1935..... 60,061.01
60,061.01
151,919.41
1936...... 76,498.19
214.204
76,712.39
159,080.75
1937...... 75,107.19
75,107.19
151,706.17
1938.....
69,799.63
69,799.63
169,000.38
1939.....
76,063.22
92.34†
76,155.56
169,341.38
*Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to the Department.
AFor Maps.
For Law Books.
NOTE.-Only money expended or collected by the District Office is included in the above table and no account is taken of revenue collected by other departments or expenditure by them, or expenditure on Public Works, Police, Medical, Educational and other services.
Receipts.
Appendix IV.
LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS, 1939.
Payments.
Amount
$
451.77
1,048.23
Total...
$1,500.00
Ordinary Vote $1,500 Marine typhoon refuge near Wong I Au, Tai Po
Unexpended
Appendix V.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Total No.
Classification of Offences.
of
Charges.
Total No.
of
Defendants
Convicted
and
Sentenced.
Committed for trial at the
Discharged.
Supreme
Court.
Bound over without further Penalty to keep the peace & be of good behaviour.
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Police
Supervision.
Previously
Convicted.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F'.
M.
F
(a) Against their Property.
1.
Larceny (simple)
265
302
242
16
31
12
Stealing from the person
7
7
6
1
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1
3
65
5
Einbezzlement
and fraudulent
conversion
Robbery
18
Burglary and Housebreaking
12
Demanding with menaces
False pretences and cheating
28247
4
2
43
13
4
2021
37
9
2
Receiving and possession of stolen
goods
154
186
71
13
63
3.
Malicious damage
4
8
7
5.
Other offences
19
26
10
1
818
13
13
5
11-11 | H
6
1101-
6
1
1
15
3
19100
(b) Against their persons.
1.
Homicide
8
20
2.
Ill-treatment and grievous harm
10
19
3.
Common assault
46
74
35
01 10
16
11
14
5.
Sexual offence
1
1
6. Other offences
10
14
1
00
107 | 11
4
11
6
1101-
1151-
2
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(c) Against the Crown & Government.
4.
Trespass and damages on Crown
Land
27
42
20
6
7
7.
Opium and Revenue offences
511
543
352
145
27
8.
Dangerous drug and goods
106
133
84
11
29
9.
Other offences
7
13
5
17001
10+ 1
110000
2
1
23
5
8.
Carried forward
1,220
1,461
864
204
229
25
69
2
42
14
10
Q
4
127
6
CO
J 6
+
Appendix V, Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Classification of Offences.
Total No.
of
Total No.
Charges.
of
Defendants
Convicted
and
Sentenced.
Committed for trial at the
Discharged.
Supreme
Court.
Bound over without further Penalty to keep the peace & be of good
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Police
Supervision.
Previously
Convicted.
behaviour.
M.
1,220
1,461
F.
864 204 229 25
M.
F. M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
69
42
14
10
2
4
127
6
J 7
Brought forward
(d) Against Public Justice.
1.
Escape and breach of Prison
2.
Returning from Banishment
96
5.
Other offences
12
732
96
17
==
1
1
86
| |。
86
N
| 888-
5
i
(e) Against the Public Peace.
1.
Breach of the
peace
15
49
2.
Unlawful possession of arms
38
75
16
3.
Other offences
9
188
1
11
1
12
22
181
40
Juma N
1 1 1
(f) Against trade.
3.
Employers and workmen offences
4.
Other offences
2
12
1
2
2
(g) Against Public Morals and Police.
3.
Lotteries and gambling
16
104
102
4.
Offences against public health
9
9
20
3
11
5.
Street hawkers offences)
59
59
51
I col
2 00
6
6.
Obstruction
9.
Traffic offences of a technical
nature
207
208
180
10.
Dangerous driving of vehicles
2
2
12.
Unlicensed or unnuzzled dogs
55
40
13.
Other offences
74
89
69
2015
15
27
1
13
1
2
8
Total.
1,813
2,287
1,437
218 274
27 114
2
78
20
62
4.
5
249
11
Appendix VI.
403 6
TAI PO AND PING SHAN, NEW TERRITORIES.
RETURN OF PUNISHMENTS AWARDED IN RESPECT OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF OFFENCES DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Punishments.
Number of
Persons
Offences against Individuals.
Offences of a Public Nature.
Punished.
Against
their
Property.
Against
their
Persons.
Against the Crown and Government
Against Public Justice.
Against
the Public
Peace.
Against
Trade.
Against
Public Morals and Police.
M. F. M.
F. M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
15
12
N
O
57
J 8
87
6
24
1
44
2
Fined
500
49
13
00
12
7
53
26
Imprisoned in default
703
158
222
22
17
1
392
131
Imprisoned without option
242
13
122
1
1
22
10
Bound over to keep peace and to be of good behaviour
75
16
20
CD
13
7
10
N
Convicted and cautioned
63
3
1
Bound over and fined
10
N
10
2
Bound over, ordered to pay compensation and fine
6
5
10
2
3
Total..
1,599 246 382 34
58 22
480 165 99
62
10
3
515 12
}
Appendix VII.
ABSTRACT OF CASES BROUGHT UNDER COGNIZANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN
DURING A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS.
Cases, How Disposed Of, And The Number Of Male And Female Prisoners Under Each Head.
J 9
Years.
Total
Number
of Cases.
Convicted and Punished.
Discharged.
Committed for Trial at Supreme Court.
Ordered to find Security to keep the Peace, to be of good Behaviour, and to answer any
Convicted and Cautioned,
Total Number of Defendants.
charge.
10
14
15
16
25
26
27
28
29
30
1.
2
3
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
Μ.
F.
J.
M.
J.
M.
F.
J.
1935.
1,675
1,484
102
5
202
26
16
98
29
86
1,886
165
14
1936..
1,884
1,521
182
13
197
22
7233
100
13
59
3
1,899
158
19
1937.
1,881
1,661
190 11
266
13
1
39
Q
115
23
22
2,103
281
12
1938.
1,418
1,257
170
23
156
12
74
2
61
17
62
1
1,616
202
23
1939.
.1,813
1,437
219
274
27
4
114
2
78
20
1
62
4
1,965
272
16
Total
8,641
7,360
818
59
1,095
85
12
265
6
CO
452
102
1
297
22
12
9,469 1,028 84
Average
per
1,728
1,472 168
12
219
19
N
53
1
90
20
1
59
2
1,894
206
17
Year.
Appendix VIII.
RETURN OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS BROUGHT BEFORE THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1939
A-Boys.
Classification of Offenders.
Total
No. of
Convicted & Sentenced
Committed to
Defend-
ants.
Fines
Remand Home.
Committed to Industrial School,
(Inflicted on Parents).
2
1
4
5
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
5
Possession of Prepared
Opium
Possession of dutiable
tobacco
Possession of wild tree
N
Guardian Bound over for Good
Cautioned.
Behaviour of Defendants.
5
2
3 4
wood
2
Larceny
1
Total.
10
1
2
J
(1) Age under 10.
(2)
Over 10 and under 12. (3) Over 12 and under 14. (4) Over 14 and under 15.
(5) Over 15 and under 16.
Appendix VIII.
B.--GIRLS.
Total No.
Fines
Classification of Offenders.
of
Defendants.
(Inflicted on Parents).
Committed to Salvation Army Home for Women and Girls.
Cautioned.
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
5
Possession of wild tree wood Possession of Raw Opium Possession of Prepared Opium...
3
5
1
1
2
2
Total.
6
2
2
(1) Age under 10.
(2)
Over 10 and under 12. (3) Over 12 and under 14.
(4)
Over 14 and under 15.
(5)
Over 15 and under 16.
Cases heard
Writs of Execution ......
Appendix IX.
SMALL DEBTS COURTS.
1938.
1939.
125
72
30
24
Average from 1934-1938.
140
34
置
J 10
1
Appendix X.
ن
No. of
Increase
Decrease
Amount
Sales,
Heading.
Permits,
No. of
Lots.
Area in
acres.
of
Licences,
Annual
Rent.
of
Annual
of
Premia,
Amount
paid for
Resumption
Term
of
Years.
Rent.
Fees, etc.
of Land.
etc.
J 11 -
Sales of Land for Agriculture
Building
56
295
52
123
22.44
42.00
3,857.00
75
58
1.32
214.00
1,557.00
75
& Garden
5
.36
11
11
11
70.00
608.00
75
Orchard
12
11.34
20.60
1,659.00
75
""
& Agriculture
3
5
2.27
4.00
367.00
75
Garden & Agriculture
1
.22
1.10
96.00
75
>>
Threshing Floor
.37
5.70
161.00
75
Garden
1.93
""
}}
243.00
1,534.00
75
Fish Pond
1
1
3.09
3.10
62.00
75
Lime Kiln
1
1
.01
"}
1.00
5.00
75
Conversions
Permits to occupy land for Agriculture
144
3.80
578.00
917.04
75
2
2
4.40
63.00
21
4
6
19.19
63.40
10
""
83
152
"
33
,
""
108.49
693.86
5
> }
""
384
593
288.59
3,601.50
1
""
Other purposes
22
52
68.06
314.02
I
Extensions
Exchanges
Re-entries
9
9
.16
13.50
612.00
1
4
.10
24.00
Nil
75
310
24.10
101.19
221
75
Surrenders
Resumptions
35
2.37
57.96
57
2.80
5.77
2,197.43
Stone Quarry Permits
149
1,331.00
Permits to cut Earth, etc.
513
Matshed Permits
1,269
Ferry Licences
2
Forestry Licences
652
652
Pine-apple land Leases
366
366
Grave Certificates
7
Deeds registered and fees
2,963
1119811
4,680.83
22.93
40,515.40
147.93
5,991.07
3.00
8,103.08
443.79
3.50
5,883.40
1
5
Appendix J (1)
REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Southern District.
STAFF.
Mr. H. J. Cruttwell continued as District Officer throughout the year.
2.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
Tables I and III show comparative details of revenue and expenditure of the department in 1938 and 1939.
3. In spite of a considerable decrease in fees for earth and stone, and of an apparent falling off (explained in the footnote to Table II) in the yield from permits for occupation of Crown Land, pineapple plantations, and for matsheds, bathing sheds and temporary structures on private land, the revenue collected exceeded the 1938 total by $18,533.15. The chief factors in this increase were the rise of nearly $11,000 in premia on land sales and the collection of rates at the full rate. There was also an increase in revenue from court fines and from registration of deeds.
4. Table III shows a comparative statement of revenue and expenditure of the department for the last 10 years.
MAGISTRACY.
5. Tables IV to VIII give details of the cases heard by the District Officer as Police Magistrate and as Judge of the Small Debts Court.
6.
Police cases increased by 10%.
again forestry offences were numerous.
There were There were more larcenies and once
Two persons were under arrest at the end of the year on a charge of murder and there was one case of manslaughter sent for trial.
The number of opium offences decreased by more than half.
7. During the year eight juveniles were dealt with.
8. The number of small debts cases fell off considerably, but land cases increased.
9. The District Officer as coroner held eight death inquiries.
LAND.
{"
10. The work of the Land Office is shown in Table X.
Largely as a result of big sales in the Lo Wai area of Tsun Wan and in the Mui Wo area of Lantao premia increased by $10,756.25. During the latter part of the year somewhat higher rates of premium for building land were in force in some parts of the district, while agricultural rates were relaxed.
11. There was a general increase in sales of building and of agricultural land both to villagers and non-villagers: it is particularly satisfactory to see that purchases of agricultural land by the former increased from 1.47 acres in 1938 to 14.20 acres.
12. The rather high figure for re-cntries is largely on account of non- payment of Crown Rent: but a number of lots near Hang Hau purchased in 1937 were re-entered on for failure to build.
J (1) 2
GENERAL.
13. Once again the mainland had a more satisfactory year than the islands, Tsun Wan being particularly prosperous. The introduction of unavoidable war- time measures affected both transport and fishing.
AGRICULTURE.
14. Unfavourable weather conditions resulted in rice crops being only moderate, though two quite good crops were obtained on Lamma, and a fairly good first crop on Lantão.
Pineapple again had a poor year.
15. Towards the end of the year free distributions of manure under the direction of the Special Commissioner for the extension of agriculture were made with a view to increasing vegetable production.
FISHERIES.
16. The existing difficulties were increased by the necessity of laying mine- fields in some areas, Lamma and Cheung Chau being principally affected.
17. The following table gives the approximate figures for the catches during the year at Tai 0:-
Price per picul.
Ma Yau
Herring
Wong Fa
Shrimps
Catch.
1938.
1939.
1938.
1939.
80 piculs.
40 piculs.
$17.50
$20.00
2,000
3,000
$13.00
$ 7.00
وو
J
14,750
2,900
12,510
$10.50
$11.00
3)
وو
2,500
$10.00
$12.00
وو
وو
For the
The herring catch increased again, but the price fell heavily. other fish the prices all shewed some increase.
Fairly good catches were made off Tsun Wan and the price improved.
TRANSPORT.
18. The buses on the mainland continued to be crowded. Up till the autumn ferry services were maintained fairly satisfactorily.
As a result of wartime measures ferries to Cheung Chau had to go by East Lamma Channel, taking about two hours as against one hour by the normal route. Up to the end of the year only two journeys a day each way were being made, only one ferry being in use. The service to Tai O was also affected to some extent, but the Ping Chau-Silver Mine Bay and Tsun Wan-Tsing I services were maintained as usual, and were well patronised.
REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS.
19. Altogether 1,018 births and 872 deaths were registered in Tai 0, Cheung Chau and Tsun Wan compared with totals of 846 and 762 in 1938.
PUBLIC HEALTH.
20. Except for the beach coolie at Cheung Chau and for some coolies still employed by the kaifong there, the scavenging staff was transferred to the medical department. Sanitary inspectors were appointed at the beginning of the year. As a result of these measures there was a definite improvement in
conditions.
+
>
J (1) 3
21. A mid-wife was in attendance at the Tai O dispensary, and medical officers paid regular visits to the islands. In the early summer dressers were sent out to vaccinate, and to inoculate against cholera: at Ping Chau the South China Boat Mission rendered valuable assistance. During the summer cholera posters were distributed in the principal centres of population.
22. A campaign against illegal and insanitary matsheds was started in conjunction with the medical authorities. A considerable number of sheds were cleared from the neighbourhood of Chung On Street in Tsun Wan, though not without some opposition. By contrast it is satisfactory to be able to record that the occupants of a large group of sheds in Cheung Chau readily co-operated in improving their sheds in accordance with the requirements of the medical authorities.
LANTAO.
23. Tai O had quite a gool year, considering the Typhoon in November and general conditions at sea.
24.
All the market stalls did quite good business.
25. The output of boat-building yards decreased again, but the yield of boat and junk licences rose by $900 to over $5,100.
26. The pig and poultry trades did well, the value of ducks exported increasing considerably.
27. In spite of a slight fall in the output compared with 1938, the salt pans had a very successful year as a result of a large increase in price.
28. Silver Mine Bay, where the Ferry Company had built a pavilion, was visited by numerous bathers during the summer. There was also promise of considerable agricultural and building development.
29.
LAMMA ISLAND.
Another rather poor year for chickens and eggs, but the papaya crop was fairly good, the trees having recovered from the 1937 Typhoon.
30. Many head of cattle were disposed of in Aberdeen and regular supplies of pigs were sent to Hong Kong markets.
CHEUNG CHAU.
31. A moderate year; war-time measures unavoidably affected both com- munications in general and fishing.
32. Business in the market was generally indifferent. But not all local industries suffered: some, such as feather and tannery businesses, were active.
33. Vegetable gardeners had a fairly good year and remunerative prices were obtained in Hong Kong markets.
34. In the village, the Fong Pin Sho was renovated with the help of a grant from the Secretary for Chinese Affairs and was re-opened early in the
year.
35. Nearly all the houses in the Reservation were occupied throughout the summer and autumn and preparations were put in hand for extending the Electric Light supply to the Reservation.
:
— J (1) 4
TSUN WAN.
36. Development according to the Lay-out continued, blocks of three and four houses and shops being put up near the market area. Private sites were also under development along the Castle Peak Road and the building trade did well.
37. The market did good business and a fairly high standard of cleanliness and order was maintained. To relieve the congestion on Chung On Street, the setting aside of an area of land to the south of the market as a pitch for licensed hawkers was approved.
38. Business generally did well. Prices improved in bean curd, Chinese wine and spirit, white lead, lime and soy trades. The Texaco and the Hong Kong Brewery had fairly good years, and the Ilume Pipe Company did good business, employing many local hands. The South China Iron Works built extensive workshops.
39. In September the rating area was extended to include the factories and some other buildings, and the increased yield is estimated at about $1,000.00.
40. Work on the extension of the Shing Mun Catchwater continued through the year.
41. Tsing I Island again had only a moderate pineapple crop, but developed industrially in a small way, a paper and hydrochloric acid factory being erected, and the lime kilns being fairly busy.
42. An area of Crown Land was appropriated to the kaifong for the erection of a village school.
:
HANG HAU.
43. This peninsula develops very slowly unfortunately the war stopped some of the buildings begun at Hang Hau. However at Ha Yeung the Seventh Day Adventist Mission erected a large number of excellent school buildings and had about 200 pupils at the end of the year.
29th March, 1940.
:
H. CRUTTWELL, District Officer, South.
A
•
J (1) 5
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938 AND 1939.
Personal Emoluments
OTHER CHARGES.
Conveyance Allowances
Incidental Expenses Lighting
Local Public Works
Rent for Office
Scavenging
Transport
Uniforms
Total Department
*Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services.
Table II.
1938. *$58,987.79
1939. $33,442.40
664.16
648.35
315.16
210.97
718.54
853.97
2,405.00
2,310.69
5,000.00
4.800.00
1,776.09
1.524.00
749.97
598.55
114.34
120.33
$70,731.05
$44,509.26
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE
DISTRICT OFFICER, 1938 AND 1939.
*
Assessed Taxes (Rates)
Forestry Licences
1938. §$ 1,966.93 2,456.70
1939. $ 4,642.00 *1,340.05
Hawkers' Licences
147.00
Miscellaneous Licences
13.00
Building Covenant Fines
47.12
199.00 *9.50 249.73
Fines
1,177.27
1,733.58
Forfeitures
495.00
Boundary Stones and Survey Fees
212.00
$62.00 2,048.00
Crown Leases
60.00
240.00
Earth and Stone Permits
2,987.12
1,556.16
Legal Costs
102.00
54.00
Miscellaneous Fees
240.25
265.50
Deeds Registration Fees
3,543.70
5,587.50
•
Bathing Matshed Permits
6,619.37
*4.162.99
Matshed Permits
829.00
*521.00
Temporary Structure on Private Land
1,093.00
*804.00
Permits to Occupy Crown Land
530.80
*440.60
Miscellaneous Permits
4,912.75
*‡4,043.13
Leased Lands
†24,021.81
†27,623.18
Markets Fees
3,877.31
3,842.00
Pineapple Land Leases
444.26
*194.96
Stone Quarries
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
Premia on New Leases
Poor Box
Arms Fine Fund
234.00
275.00
29.20
90.50
4,276.40.
15,032.65
101.08
68.92
162.23
310.72
Revenue Reward Fund
Total
318.80
3,234.58
$60,898.10
$79,431.25
*Fees for half year ending 31.12.39 only C.S.O. 1432/24.
Including one permit for ten months at $370.00 per month.
Half Rates only C.S.O. 3210/33.
† 1. Actual Collections, including normal arrears for previous year.
2. Amount due on 1938 Rent Roll including $3,170.00 remitted for Salt
Pan No. 2.
Amount due on 1939 Rent Roll
$27,076.76. 27.494.65.
J (1) 6
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF THE
DISTRICT OFFICE FOR LAST TEN YEARS.
Total Expenditure
*Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges.
Special Expenditure.
of the
Department.
Total Revenue Collected by the Department.
$ ¢
$
$
&
"
1930......
39,410.90
39,410.90
46,715.94
1931.....
36,282.47
36,282.47
51,285.59
1932..
42,073.65§
42,073.65
56,679.19
1933......
47,116.63
47,116.63
62,282.58
1934....
41,790.00
41,790.00
63,912.43
1935..
43,911.09
43,911.09
53,658.04
1936......
48,207.58
48,207.58
51,882.66
1937...
47,989.50
200.00
48,189.50
64,874.52
1938....
1939.....
70,731.05
70,731.05
60,898.10
44,509.26
44,509.26
79,431.25
* Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to Department.
§ Includes salary, May to November, of Cadet Officer on leave.
Table IV.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNIZANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURT AT DISTRICT OFFICE, SOUTH, DURING THE YEAR 1939.
CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE DEFENDANTS UNDER EACH
HEAD.
Classification of offences.
Total No. Total No.
of
Charges.
of Defen-
Convicted
and
Committed for
Discharged.
dants.
Sentenced.
trial at the Supreme Court.
M. F.
J. M. F.
J. M. F. J.
Bound over to keep the peace and be of good behaviour.
M. F. J.
Bail
Estreated.
M.
F. J.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
(a)—Against their property.
Larceny (Simple)
༣
122
12
119
105
5
100
46
Robbery
Forgery
False pretences
3
4
Stealing from person
Larceny from dwelling house
12
11
10
Receiving stolen property
10
9
(b)—Against their person.
30
Assault (Common)
Assault (Bodily Harm)
Murder
Manslaughter
291
822-
75
40
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(a)-Against the Crown and Government.
الاسم
1
1
23
23
Co
21
Dangerous Drugs
11
Dangerous Goods
5
Opium Offences
25
33
12
Revenue Offences
39
29
2828
1
COTT
3
1
1
16
1
00
(b)-Against Public Justice.
Deportation
11
11
11
(c)-Against Public Peace.
Unlawful Possession of Arms
00
10
7
1
(d)-Against Public Morals and Police.
Gambling Offences
Hawking Offences
២២៖
35
148
37
67
67
38
Other Offences
202
205
146
29
12
1
110
20
1
1
122
Sand Stealing
6
10
3
2
Keeping Sly Brothel
8
3
3
Total.
622
817
458
59
60
6
2
27
30
1 150 6
M. Male
F. Female.
J.Juvenile.
J (1) 7
-
Table V.
RETURN OF PUNISHMENTS AWARDED IN RESPECT OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF OFFENCES AT DISTRICT OFFICE, SOUTH, DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Offences against Individuals.
Offences of a Public Nature.
No. of
Persons
Punished.
Against
their
Property.
Against
their
Person.
Against the Crown and Government.
Against
Public
Justice.
Against
Public
Morals and
Other
Offences.
Police.
M.
F.
J. M.
F.
J. M. F.
J M.
F. J. M. F.
J. M.
F. J.
M.
F. J.
Fined
331 33
28
25
31
1
Imprisoned in default
172
31
27
Co
14
32
Peremptory Imprisonment
Bound over to keep peace and to be of good behaviour
Total
192 10
2 122
3
1 18 I
30
10
6
2.1
5
2
1
13
178 9
1 68
16 2
34
60 16
32
I.
725 84
8183 6
2
78
9
70
16
2
19
212 12
1
163 4.1 3
M. Male.
F. = Female.
J. = Juvenile.
J (1) S
Classifi-
cation of
Offences.
Larceny
Cutting trees.
Distilling
Wine
Table VI (A).
•
RETURN OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS BROUGHT BEFORE THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURT AT DISTRICT OFFICE, SOUTH, DURING THE YEAR 1939.
A.-Boys.
Convicted and Sentenced.
Bound Over.
Total No. of Defendants.
Caned in
Court.
Caned and
Bound over.
Fined.
Imprisoned. be of good
To keep the peace and
behaviour.
To come
up for
Judgment.
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Discharged
or
Previously Bail Convicted. Estreated.
Order made.
2
3
1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1.
* (1)—Age under 10.
(2)-Over 10 and under 12.
(3)-Over 12 and under 14. (4)-Over 14 and under 15.
(5)-Over 15 and under 16.
9.
.
Convicted and Sentenced.
Table VI (B).
B.-Girls.
Bound Over.
Classifi-
cation of
Offences.
Total No. of Defendants.
Caned in
Court.
Caned and Bound over.
Fined.
To keep the
peace and Imprisoned. be of good behaviour.
To come
up for
Judgment.
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Discharged
or
Order made.
Previously
Convicted.
Bail
Estreated.
Disorderly
Conduct
1
Hawking no Licence
1
i
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1.)
(1)-Age under 10.
(2)-Over 10 and under 12. (3)-Over 12 and under 14. (4)--Over 14 and under 15. (5)-Over 15 and under 16.
J (1) 10
Table VII.
ABSTRACT OF CASES BROUGHT UNDER COGNIZANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATE'S COURT DURING A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Prisoners under each Head.
Years.
Total
No.
of
Cases.
Committed
Convicted
and
Punished.
for trial at
Discharged.
Supreme
Court.
Committed to Prison or
detained pending order
Order to find
Security.
charge or giving false
of His
Excellency the
To keep the peace, to be of good behaviour and to answer
Did not
appear and
Escaped before
Punished for preferring false
Total No.
being brought
for trial at the
Escaped.
Undecided,
absconded.
of
Defendants.
Magistracy.
testimony.
Governor.
any Charge.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 12
13
14
15
16
17 18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26 27
28
29
30
31
32
33
M.
F. J. M.
F. J. M. F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M. F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F. M.
F.
M.
J.
F.
است
J.
M.
F.
J.
1935
402
367 29
1936
374
371
26
1937
508
397 56
29
49
1
6 44
10
Q
1 36
7
9
1938
667
403 37
138
1939
670
458
59 5
60
10
CO
3
15
6
2 27
2
223
22 223
C
22
52
20
3
88
1
1
.
15
94
13
38
108 38
6
189
1
30
11
་་
1
150
6
Total
2,621
1,996
207
12 327 24
7
55
2
212
70
7 573
21
1
494
33
523
35
568
91.
853
81
9
725
84
8
3,163
324
27
J (1)
11
Aver-
age
524.2
399.2
41.4
2.4 ¡65.4
4.8 1.4
.4
42.4
14
1.4 114.6 4.2
.2
632.6
64.8
5.4
per
year.
Cases heard
Writs of Execution
Land Cases
J (1) 12
Table VIII.
SMALL DEBTS COURT.
1938.
1939.
17
19
6
8
40
67
Table IX.
CORONER'S RETURN FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Number of Death
Enquiries held
with Jury.
Number of Death Enquiries held
without Jury.
Number of Burial
Orders issued.
Nil.
LO
5
Co
3
Table X.
ཟས
J (1) 13
No. of Sales,
Permits,
No. of
Area in
Increase of
Headings.
Licences,
Lots.
Acres.
etc.
Decrease of Crown Rent. Crown Rent.
Amount of
Premia,
Fees, &c.
Amount
paid for
Resumption of Land.
Term
of
Years.
$ ¢
$ ¢
$
&
$
Land Sales for Building (a) to Local Villagers
33
33
.97
67.50
891.00
75
Land Sales for Building (b) to
non-local persons
46
47
5.20
641.50
4,776.55
2
75
Land Sales for Agriculture (a) to
Local Villagers
21
24
14.20
15.80
1,168.00
75
Land Sales for Agriculture (b) to
non-local persons
64
93
Conversion
29
99
388
72.73
80.60
8,374.00
75
3.80
639.50
93.10
75
Stone Quarry Leases
5
4.46
275.00
2010 1
Permits to Occupy Lands (5 years)
4
30.32
65.50
5
"
"
(Annual)
154
122.17
491.80
1
Matshed Permits on Crown Land
684
6.68
886.00
1
Bathing Matshed Permits
290
2.57
7,259.95
1
Permits for Temporary Structures on
Private Lands
212
2.69
1,232.00
1
Earth and Stone Permits
189
1,556.16
Forestry Licences
128
12,488.85
2,506.10
1
Pineapple Licences
223
120.07
360.82
5
Deeds Registration Fees
1,863
5,587.50
Resumption
304
23.75
352.23
26,136.94
Re-entries
144
23.44
188.27
Surrenders
18
.22
5.62
Hawker's Licences
93
Miscellaneous Licences
15
Permits
204
186.00
15.00
5,008.00
1
1
1
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Fish Pond Leases
2
2.42
26.20
5
Orchard Leases
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF POLICE FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Section 1 General.
"
2 Staff and Special Events.
3
""
""
""
""
""
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دو
Contents.
Revenue, licences issued, and expenditure.
4 Buildings.
5 Crime and Social Conditions.
5A Various Sub-Departments.
6 Special Branch.
7 Hong Kong Island.
8 Kowloon.
9 New Territories, North.
9A
South.
,,
"
10 Colonial Waters.
11 Strength, Conduct and Health of the Force.
12 Musketry and Revolver Courses.
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13 Training.
25
14 Anti-Piracy Guards.
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,,
14A Anti-Piracy Searchers.
15 Traffic.
16 Emergency Units.
17 Water Police.
,,
Table I Expenditure 1938 and 1939.
""
II Revenue, 1938 and 1939.
>>
III Revenue and Expenditure 1930 to 1939.
IV Licences issued 1938 and 1939.
V
""
Return of Crime, 1938 and 1939.
""
VI Vehicle Accidents.
Annexe A Police Reserve.
B Remand Home for Male Juvenile Offenders.
C Salvation Army Home for Female Juvenile Offenders.
1.
- K 3
Appendix K.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF POLICE 1939.
SECTION I. GENERAL.
In the year 1939 repercussions of Sino-Japanese hostilities were even more marked than they had been in 1938. The Japanese landing in South China in October 1938 followed by the occupation of Canton and the taking up of positions on the frontier caused a large influx of refugees into Hong Kong and led to the disruption of government in Kwang-tung. Japanese troops took up positions along Hong Kong's mainland frontier on 21.2.39 and remained in the neighbourhood in greater or smaller numbers until 30.12.39 when they were withdrawn from the immediate vicinity of the frontier. The occupation of the frontier started with an attack on Shum Chun; during the course of which Japanese planes dropped bombs in British territory, and caused casualties. During August large Japanese forces took up their position near our frontier, but by the end of the month the main forces had been withdrawn and only small parties remained. Further details are given in Section 9.1
2. The continued influx of refugees during 1939 following on the earlier immigration experienced in 1937 and 1938 has produced most serious effects on the social and economic life of the Colony. Throughout this report it has been found necessary repeatedly to refer to "the influx of refugees." Some of the more obvious effects are an increase of serious crime, especially robbery (on land and in Colonial waters), larceny, and of minor offences such as unlicensed hawking. Social evils such as prostitution, gambling and illicit opium and heroin divans have also been accentuated. (See Section 5).
3. The outbreak of war between Great Britain and Germany on September 3rd resulted in a great increase of the duties and responsibilities of the Police Force, particularly of the Special Branch. Police were called upon when war was declared to carry out the internment of certain male enemy aliens, and for a few days only, to guard the premises of enemy firms. Since then the work of the Special Branch, particularly the Passports, Aliens Registration, and Defence Sections, has increased greatly, while a number of regular duty Police have been used in guarding certain essential services. The work of the Special Branch is detailed in Section 6.
4. In view of the abnormal conditions prevailing in the Colony, the strength of the Force becomes of paramount importance. Detailed figures are given in Section 11. The position for 1940 is that there is a deficiency below the number required to man all beats and posts of approximately 30 men, and this deficiency is now magnified by the necessity of providing men for special duties due to the war and Sino-Japanese hostilities. It will therefore be necessary to ask that the Police Force should be further strengthened in 1941.
5. The Police Reserve whose activities are given in Annexe A to this report have rendered valuable services by providing trained reserves for duty daily between 8 p.m. and midnight to make up the shortage of regular police. I take this opportunity to express my thanks for these services.
6. The graph opposite illustrates for the years 1931 to 1939 the following figures:
(a) Population of the Colony (only a rough approximation can be given
for 1937 and onwards).
(b) Strength of the Police Force.
(c) Total serious crime.
The salient features are (a) population has increased by 111% (c) serious crime has increased by 123%. The number of police per 10,000 inhabitants has decreased from 23 in 1931 to 12 in 1939.
24
20
16
12
S
*P
P
S
1982
1983
S
1984
@
1935
1986
1937
1988
1939
A. Graph Shewing Variation of Population in Hong Kong, 1931-1939.
1981
B.
Police Strength per 10,000 Inhabitants, 1981-1989.
C.
Serious Crime 1931-1939.
"
Population in Hundred Thousands.
Police Strength in Units.
Serious Crime in Thousands.-
K 4
www
:
}
K 5
SECTION 2. STAFF AND SPECIAL EVENTS.
7. Mr. C. G. Perdue, Deputy Commissioner, acted as Commissioner of Police during the absence on leave of the Hon. Mr. T. H. King, Commissioner of Police, from 17th March to 13th October. During the same period Mr. W. R. Scott, Divisional Superintendent of Police, acted as Deputy Commissioner of Police.
8. H.E. Sir Geoffry Northcote, K.C.M.G., inspected the Hong Kong Police Force and presented medals at Police Headquarters on 11th April 1939. The number of officers presented to His Excellency for medals or Commendations were:
9.
Hong Kong Police Silver Medal. Colonial Police Long Service Medal
1st Bar to
دو
""
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Officers commended by His Excellency
1
22
2
19
The Police Sports Pavilion which was generously presented to the Police Force by Mr. Eu Tong Sen was formally opened on 9.9.39 by Mr. C. G. Perdue, Acting Commissioner of Police, and has since then been in constant use by all Contingents. I take this opportunity of expressing the gratitude of the Force to Mr. Eu for this splendid gift.
SECTION 3. REVENUE, LICENCES ISSUED, AND EXPENDITURE.
10. Tables I and II show comparative revenue and expenditure in detail for 1938 and 1939. Table III shows total revenue and expenditure for the years 1930 to 1939. Total expenditure for 1939 was $3,579,789 and revenue collected by the Department was $1,160,003.
11. Revenue in 1939 increased by $71,577 as compared with 1938. This is a reflection of the increase in business owing to the transfer to the Colony of industries formerly carried on in Chinese territory.
12. Expenditure in 1939 was $290,299 greater than in 1938. One main cause of the increase is the item "Emergency expenses arising from the Sino- Japanese conflict."
This item alone accounts for an increase of $126,427. The second main increase is in personnel emoluments, with an increase of $127,189. This is due to increase of personnel combined with a change in the salary scale of European sergeants.
13. Expenditure on the Police Department in 1939 represented 9.9% of total Government expenditure for the year, (omitting Public Works Extraordinary), and this compares favourably with the corresponding figure of 10.69% in 1930.
14. Increase of business is also indicated in Table IV which shows the various licences issued by the Department during the years 1938 and 1939. Total number of licences issued in 1939 was 9,646 as against 8,172 in 1938. The most striking increases are (a) total number of motor vehicles licensed was 848 greater in 1939 than in 1938, and (b) printing presses increased by 113 during the same period.
15. During the year 5,943 cinematograph reels and 273 trailers were censored at the Censor Studio, as compared with 5,005 reels and 261 trailers in 1938. Eighteen reels were submitted to the Appeal Board as against twenty seven in 1938.
SECTION 4. BUILDINGS.
16. The gradual increase in the strength of the Police Force which has accompanied the development of the city and of Kowloon has now led to the position that several stations cannot accommodate the number of men required to police the district.
K 6
17. Many of the existing stations are so old that early rebuilding will have to be considered, and the opportunity can then be taken to provide increased accommodation of a suitable standard.
18. The following is a list of stations in Hong Kong Island where the existing buildings are old and unsuitable :—
Gough Hill,
West Point (No. 7, old Sailors' Home),
Bay View,
Shaukiwan,
Stanley.
Some of these stations have been mentioned in the police building programme for years. The list omits "Central Police Station North West Corner which has been included in Public Works Extraordinary for 1940 and which is urgently required to provide extra office accommodation, particularly for the Special Branch now housed in the Chung Tin Building.
19. Kowloon is more fortunate in that it possesses 4 stations built in recent years. Here, however, building development in Kowloon Tong has created the need for a new police station in that area, which is now policed partly from Kowloon City and partly from Mong Kok Police Stations. So far no funds have been granted for a Kowloon Tong Police Station although the request was first put forward by the Police Department in 1927. The Police Training School is housed in a large block of buildings originally intended for dwelling houses, and entirely unsuitable for its present use. A site on Crown land has been reserved for a new training school, but so far Government has not been able to make funds available.
SECTION 5. CRIME AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS.
20. Outstanding crimes which occurred during the year were as follows:-
(A. On 28th January Hiyoshi Sagara, a Japanese, whilst having a meal in a
Chinese restaurant at 81 Hennessy Road, was attacked with a chopper by Li Ping Chun, one of the restaurant's waiters, and received multiple wounds from which he died in hospital some weeks later. A letter found on Li Ping Chun indicated that his relatives had been killed by Japanese soldiers, and there can be no doubt that this was the motive behind the crime. Li Ping Chun was charged with murder but was found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to seven years hard labour.)
B.
ARMED ROBBERY AND MURDER.
On 21st May a trading junk on the way to Hong Kong from Tung Kun was attacked by a gang of six robbers when off Tung Ku lighthouse. The junk and cargo were seized and nine out of the twelve persons on board were bound and thrown overboard, only one of the nine is known to have survived. The six men concerned in this robbery and murder were subsequently traced by police and found to have bombs, revolvers and rifles in their possession. They were arrested, charged and convicted of murder and sentenced to death.
C. ARMED ROBBERY.
A
On 30th May an armed robbery was committed by a gang of five armed men who looted a goldsmith's shop in Shanghai Street. On their departure they were followed by one of the shop fokis for some distance until he met Detective P.C. C108 Tang Ka who took up the chase and exchanged shots with the robbers. Chinese female in the line of fire was killed and Detective Tang Ka was wounded in the arm. In spite of his injury Detective Tang Ka pluckily continued in pursuit of the robbers until the arrival of police reinforcements. The robbers made for the Homuntin hills and the chase was taken up by a party of police led by
L
K 7
—
Detective Inspector Carey. Three of the five robbers were arrested and most of the stolen property recovered. They were sentenced to life, five years hard labour, and two years hard labour respectively. Detective P.C.C108 Tang Ka was awarded the Colonial Police Medal for his bravery in this case.
D.
MURDER.
On 29th May, Wong Tak Kin, the master of a rice shop at Cross Street, and his family, consisting of his wife and two children, were brutally murdered. Police inquiries left no doubt that the murders had been committed by the victim's four fokis, the motive being robbery.
The affair was not
was not discovered until many hours after the murders had been committed and police have reason to believe the perpetrators made their escape to territory under Japanese jurisdiction.
E. ATTEMPTED HIGHWAY ROBBERY AND FATAL SHOOTING.
On 5th June, two men attempted to rob a Chinese male who had just left a bank in Queen's Road Central. The victim gave the alarm and the men ran away. Detective P.C.C612 Wan Man and Detective P.C.C623 Tam Chung who happened to be in the vicinity endeavoured to intercept them. One of the robbers drew a revolver and fatally wounded Detective Wan Man. The chase was continued by Detective Tam Chung who shot and killed the man who had shot Detective Wan Man. Without
Without stopping Detective Tam Chung then followed the second man and finally with assistance caught and arrested him with a loaded revolver in his possession. At the criminal sessions he was convicted and sentenced to six years hard labour.
Detective P.C.C623 Tam Chung was subsequently awarded the King's Police Medal for conspicuous bravery.
21. Disturbed conditions in China generally, and in the Kwangtung Province especially, caused a great influx of refugees into Hong Kong, with the result that there was an increase in the number of crimes of violence. There were. 278 outrages as compared with 139 in 1938 and some of the more glaring cases have been mentioned above. There were 115 charge cases and these results may be considered satisfactory.
22. The New Territories North and Colonial waters naturally suffered most from disturbed conditions over the border and in neighbouring waters. Hong Kong and Kowloon also show an increase in outrages, while the New Territories South remained comparatively unaffected. The following table shows the incidence of outrages in 1938 and 1939:-
Year.
Hong Kong.
Kowloon. N.T.S.
N.T.N.
Waters.
Total.
1938...
40
46
30
23
139
1939.
68
79
2
68
61
278
23. Petty thieving increased slightly. The total number of larcenies was 9,458 as compared with 9,411 in 1938. Of these cases 2,055 were larceny from the person, and for this offence there were 1,425 charge cases. Very many of these offences were due to poverty.
24. The estimated value of property stolen during the year 1939 was $685,216 as against $543,545 being an increase of $141,671 or 26%. The average for the last five years is $527,930. The value of property recovered during the year was $128,051 or 18% of the property stolen as against $119,400 or 21% of the property stolen in 1938.
K 8
25. The number of minor offences dealt with was 36,040 as compared with 49,555 in 1938, a decrease of 27%. This decrease is almost entirely due to a modification in the policy of dealing with hawking offences. These offences have in fact increased to such an extent that there are not sufficient police to deal with them, nor is there sufficient gaol accommodation to receive all the offenders. Gaol accommodation is insufficient even for more serious offenders, and special releases have to be made from time to time, so that offenders frequently do not serve their full sentences.
26. Summary of crime:-The total number of cases (except summonses) dealt with by the Police during 1939 was 47,844 as against 60,943 in 1938, a decrease of 13,099 or 21%.
27. There were 11,804 serious crimes in 1939 as against 11,388 in 1938, being an increase of 416 or 3.6%. The table below shows the increase or decrease in the following crimes :
Nature of Crime.
Increase:
1938.
1939.
Increase.
Arms
65
120
55
Deportation Ordinance
565
857
292
Intimidation & extortion
5
13
8
Larceny
8,697
8,883
186
Manslaughter
4
15
11
Murder
19
37
18
=
Murder, Attempted
0
6
6
Obtaining by false pretences
126
150
24
Receiving
240
290
50
Robbery
109
215
106
Women & Girls Ordinance
1
2
1
1938.
1939.
Decrease.
Decrease :-
Assault (Serious)
49
39
10
Assault with intent to rob
7
5
2.
Burglary
311
227
84
Coinage
9
6
3
House & godown breaking
294
218
76
Kidnapping
8
2
6
Larceny in dwelling
491
383
108
Larceny on ship and wharf
223
192
31
Other serious offences
113
109
4
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28. The following table indicates the number of serious crimes for the whole Colony 1934-1939-
Year.
Charge
No charge
Total
cases.
cases.
cases.
| Property
stolen.
Property recovered.
$
$
1934
3,480
2,069
5,549
363,436
50,551
1935
4,322
2,051
6,373
576,203
42,704
1936
6,234
2,804
9,038
303,497
69,739
1937
8,169
4,265
12,434
531,190
115,829
1938
7,002
4,386
11,388
543,545
119,400
1939
7,859
3,945
11,804
685,216
128,051
29. Total serious crime in 1934 was 5,549 and in that year the total C.I.D. (Crime) Cantonese staff was 137. In 1939 total serious crime was 11,804 an increase of 112%, and total C.I.D. (Crime) Cantonese staff was 172 an increase of 251%. In 1934 total European C.I.D. (Crime) staff was 40, as against 42 in 1939, an increase of 5%.
30.
A summary of the number of articles lost or recovered during the year is given below:-
Year.
Articles reported
Value.
lost.
Articles recovered or found but not reported lost.
Value of articles found.
1938....
760
$71,965
100
$5,630
1939....
511
$49,102
39
$415
31. The attention of police authorities is constantly devoted to the suppres- sion of corruption among members of the Police Force, and there were 7 successful prosecutions for this offence during the year.
32. A grave problem raised by the large number of poverty stricken refugees is that of prostitution. Certain limited areas of the Colony have become by night the haunt of a large number of prostitutes. Soliciting for prostitution has become a serious social evil, and the number and poverty of the women concerned have favoured the spread of veneral disease. This problem formed the subject of an inquiry by a Committee appointed for the purpose by H.E. the Governor. It is considered that the time is now ripe to try the experiment of enlisting Chinese women police for this purpose.
33. Another evil effect of overcrowding, poverty and unemployment is the spread of opium and heroin divans. Frequent raids are conducted on such illicit divans by both Police and Revenue officers. During 1939 there were 2,484 cases for offences against the. Opium and Dangerous Drugs Ordinances, as compared with 2,081 cases in 1938.
34. The rise in the price of firewood and the presence here of large numbers of poverty stricken and unemployed refugees has caused an increase in the number of foresty offences. There were 2,393 cases for such offences as compared with 2,246 cases in 1938. A large number of raids have been made by police and forestry officers, but the position is still serious.
K 10
SECTION 5A. VARIOUS SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
35. During the year a total of 1,728 mendicants were dealt with by the Deportation Office and sent away from the Colony. Of this number 385 were charged and convicted before the courts. The corresponding figures for 1938 are 2,529 and 715 respectively. The decrease in the number is partly due to the Japanese occupation of the frontier and the consequent difficulty of sending mendicants away. The Deportation Office dealt with 8,625 prisoners discharged in the Colony as against 8,666 in 1938: 125 persons were placed under police supervision orders as against 201 in 1938: 3,629 persons were deported from the Colony after serving a term of imprisonment as against 2,535 in 1938:
417 persons were sent away by order of the courts as against 824 in 1938: 55 persons were sent away under the Emergency Regulations as against 159 in 1938: 1,730 persons were sent on to their homes in China in transit from other parts of the world as against 1,184 in 1938.
36. During the year 2,758 unknown dead bodies were found by police as against 2,991 in 1938, and 1,353 in 1937.
37. As a precaution against rabies the muzzling order was enforced through- out the year. 3,544 dogs were licensed as against 3,226 in 1938.
38. During the year in 1938 and 150 in 1937. 240 as against 299 in 1938.
39.
194 cases were heard at criminal sessions as against 167 The number of missing children reported to police was
Of this number 185 were found.
The following table shows the number of weights and measures examined :—
Foreign scales
Chinese scales
Yard measures
Chinese foot measures
Correct.
Incorrect.
Total.
267
2
269
1,179
17
1,196
364
6
370
594
594
Ten prosecutions were instituted under the Weights and Measures Ordinance as against 15 in 1938.
40. There were 34 prosecutions under the Dangerous Goods Ordinance as against 58 in 1938.
41. The photographic department took 169 photographs of scenes of crime, accidents, and other places and issued 5,622 copies of the photographs taken.
42. In the finger-print bureau 28,310 finger print slips were searched, and 7,986 persons were identified, as against 24,747 and 6,848 respectively for 1938. The number of slips filed was 20,851 as against 19,080 in 1938. The number of new records was 12,865 as against 11,922 in 1938. During the year 891 persons were charged under the Deportation Ordinance as against 583 in 1938. At the end of the year the total number of slips on file was 187,034 as against 174,169 at the end of 1938. During the year 3,500 new criminal record files were created, and the total is now 5,176.
K 11
SECTION 6. SPECIAL BRANCH.
43. Chinese Affairs. The year was not marked by any serious anti-British activity on the part of communists. Anti-Japanese feeling remained strong but latent. A number of new guilds and labour associations were formed during the year, and together with older guilds, were active in collecting subscriptions for Chinese war relief and Chinese national welfare. Three small strikes occurred during the year.-
44. Immigration and Passports. During the year there were 42 persons of various nationalities, other than Chinese, put before the court for the following offences :-
Breach of Passports Ordinance (including 2 cases of possession of false passports) 33; stowaways 7; vagrant 1; returning from banishment 1.
Full passport examination service was instituted on 1st April.
45. Registration of Persons. 6,280 aliens registered. 4,223 registered aliens left the Colony. 51 aliens became British subjects by naturalization; 10 persons (Portuguese subjects) renounced British nationality and were registered as aliens. There were 31 convictions for breach of the Registration of Persons Ordinance No. 12 of 1939. On 31st December there were 4,346 registered aliens in the Colony.
46. Enemy Aliens. On the declaration of war there were 262 enemy aliens in the Colony, including 117 of military age. Of this number 99 were provisionally interned, and 161 served with restriction orders under the Defence Regulations, 1939. Following consideration of individual cases the position on 31st December was 23 interned and 167 subjected to restrictions.
47. The outbreak of war with Germany added heavily to the work and responsibilities of the Special Branch which maintains close liaison with the Naval and Military authorities. It was found necessary to make substantial increases to the staff of the Branch during the year.
SECTION 7. HONG KONG ISLAND.
48. In the Island of Hong Kong the influx of refugees continued throughout most of the year and caused extreme over-crowding in Chinese tenements.
49. Large numbers of refugees were forced by poverty to try to make a living by unlicensed hawking, and this offence was the cause of congestion and danger to traffic in the streets and also increased the work of sanitary authorities. Police staff was inadequate to deal effectively with this offence, and in any case, further prosecutions only embarrassed the magistrates and prison authorities.
50. Another effect of the increase of population was the large number of street sleepers and the great number of illegal shacks and sheds on the hillsides from Happy Valley to Shaukiwan.
51. Serious crime for the Island totalled 5,691 as against 5,934 in 1938. Of these 68 were outrages as compared with 40 in 1938. The most spectacular of these crimes was the gun duel in Lee Tung Street East in which a Chinese detective was murdered, one of his assailants slain and the other captured (See paragraph E of Section 5). There were 4,733 larcenies in 1939 as against 4,976 in 1938. Of these 2,910 were charge cases. There were 889 other serious offences, including 743 charge cases, as against 918 cases in 1938. Most of the larcenies were due to extreme poverty. There were 18,033 minor offences as against 24,299 in 1938. The number of hawking cases was 11,580 as against 18,299 in 1938.
-
K 12
52. The number of gambling cases was 478 as compared with 217 in 1938. Here again the influx of refugees is responsible for a large increase in this offence, and some gambling schools have sprung up where the stakes are heavy, and police find considerable difficulty in obtaining information, and carrying out successful raids.
SECTION 8. KOWLOON.
53. Kowloon received a very large number of refugees causing serious overcrowding in Chinese tenements, also an increase in street sleepers, and a great increase in the number of illegal shacks and sheds in all available vacant spaces.
54. Serious crimes in 1939 totalled 5,469 cases as against 5,083 in 1938.
There were 79 outrages as against 46 in 1938.
Firearms were used in 20 cases, and one robbery lead to the gun battle between police and robbers described in Section 5 paragraph 20 c.
There were 4,379 larcenies as against 4,216 in 1938. There were 2,825 charge cases. There were 977 other serious crimes against 813 in 1938. There were 16,993 minor offences as compared with 24,248 in 1938. As in Hong Kong the number of unlicensed hawkers is such that available police staff is inadequate. The number of prosecutions for hawking offences was 10,336 as compared with 17,167 in 1938.
55. Maintenance of discipline at the interned Chinese soldiers' camp at Ma Tau Chung added to the strain on police staff during the year, and considerable trouble was also caused by labour disputes at the Chung Hwa Book Company's depot at Ma Tau Chung.
SECTION 9. NEW TERRITORIES, NORTH.
56. During the whole year conditions in the New Territories, North, were disturbed owing to the presence of Japanese troops on the frontier or in the vicinity. There was a large influx of refugees with an ebb and flow depending on Japanese operations. A large number of firearms found their way into the possession of Chinese robbers and bandits, and many robberies were committed in British territory by bandit gangs from over the border, as well as by robbers who came in as refugees. A large fluctuating number of refugees, totalling 7,294 on 31st December, have been accommodated in five official and five unofficial refugee camps maintained by the medical authorities and relief associations in New Territories, North. Provision of these camps was of great value to police by helping to reduce crime.
57. The two main incidents in connexion with Japanese operations were the Lo Wu bombing on February 21st and the Japanese occupation of the frontier in August.
LO WU BOMBING INCIDENT.
58. On February 21st, at 09.35 a.m., a flight of nine Japanese monoplanes was observed by police stationed at Lo Wu blockhouse approaching Shum Chun from the North-West. They broke formation over Shum Chun and started to bomb the market, refugee camp and Chinese Maritime Customs buildings and wireless station, killing and wounding many Chinese, and causing a stampede of refugees across the frontier.
59. Three of the planes flew over the frontier into British territory and began to bomb the railway and machine gun the fleeing crowds of refugees. Six bombs fell in the vicinity of the Lo Wu railhead; one of these scored a direct hit on the Indian police cookhouse, killing P.C.B750, Surta Singh, and completely demolishing the building. Twelve persons were killed and four injured in British
+
- K 13
territory during this attack. One of these planes flew over Lo Wu military camp and attacked the 09.41 a.m. train near No. 47 railway bridge with bombs and machine gun fire; two bombs were dropped on the railway embankment, damaging two carriages; only one Chinese male was injured.
60. The three planes then followed the course of the Canton Road from Lo Wu to Man Kam To, firing on refugees who had crossed over into British territory, and finally flew back across the frontier to Shum Chun where they rejoined their formation and disappeared from view. The Japanese authorities subsequently paid compensation for the damage and casualties caused by the bombing. >
61. In addition to the casualties inflicted in British territory, forty-four persons were admitted to Kowloon hospitals with injuries received in Chinese territory and a further five died of wounds.
JAPANESE OCCUPATION OF THE FRONTIER IN AUGUST.
62. On August 16th, at 8.30 a.m., a large column of Japanese infantry, cavalry and light artillery, preceded by aerial reconnaissance, were observed from Lok Ma Chau police station, moving towards Shum Chun; they reached the railway line and advanced slowly down it, occupying Shum Chun at 11.50 a.m. Later in the day, the Hong Kong military authorities took over control of the frontier from police; the latter carried on their normal frontier duties in reserve.
63. On August 17th, at 4 p.m., Japanese troops occupied Yim Tin, and at 9.55 p.m., they arrived at Sha Tau Kok in Chinese territory, where they were conducted round the frontier boundaries by the Assistant Superintendent of Police, New Territories; they finally occupied Sha Tau Kok, Chinese section, at 11.45 p.m. Large numbers of refugees crossed over into British territory and were accommodated at San Uk Ling and Cha Hang refugee camps.
64. On August 20th, between 3,000 and 4,000 Japanese troops were landed at Nam Tau and large reinforcements were sent to Shum Chun. By August 21st, there was an estimated total of 20,000 Japanese troops in the Nam Tau' area, including 1,000 cavalry and a large number of mechanized units.
65. On August 22nd, the British military authorities dismantled all frontier bridges leading into British territory and on August 26th, the Lo Wu railway bridge was rendered impassable. On August 27th, Japanese troop movements towards Nam Tau were observed; information was received that garrisons at the frontier and Deep Bay villages had been reduced to a minimum and that large numbers of Japanese soldiers had embarked on transports at Nam Tau.
66. On August 30th, at 10.45 p.m., heavy firing broke out from the direction of Shum Chun, as the result of a raid by Chinese troops, and continued for several hours; this was followed two days later by a small scale raid by Chinese regular troops on Sha Tau Kok, during which five Japanese soldiers were killed and a number injured. On October 2nd, five Japanese aeroplanes bombed Po Kat and Shum Chun, presumably in retaliation for the Chinese attack. No further fighting took place near the frontier during the year. Frequent Japanese patrols, carried out between Nam Tau, Shum Chun and Sha Tau Kok, Chinese territory, were the only signs of activity.
67. On December 30th, the Japanese evacuated Sha Tau Kok; during the following night they evacuated all troops and supplies from Shum Chun and other garrisoned villages to Nam Tau, where they were embarked on transports, leaving the whole frontier area in the hands of the Chinese authorities, who rapidly took over control.
K 14
The
68. The number of outrages in the New Territories, North, excluding adjacent British waters was 68 as against 30 in 1938, an increase of 38. following is a list of crimes, with results of police action:---
Crime.
No charge
Charge
Total.
cases.
cases.
Manslaughter
5
5
Murder
2
2
4
Attempted murder
1
1
Armed robbery
38
4
42
Attempted armed robbery
2
2
Unarmed robbery
2
2
Attempted unarmed robbery
1
1
Armed highway robbery
6
2
8
Attempted armed highway robbery
1
1
Unarmed highway robbery
2
2
Total
51
17
68
69. Between August and December, a large heavily armed gang, operating from Chinese territory, carried out eight armed robberies on villages in Sheung Shui and Lok Ma Chau districts, money and property valued at $7,945.00 being stolen. On 17th October, this gang was intercepted by Detective P.C. C304 So Hung and an Indian patrol. Shots were exchanged without any known result. (This gang was ultimately broken up by police action in February 1940).
70. The following table shows the districts in which outrages occurred:-
Sai Kung
4
Sheung Shui
21
Sha Tin
1.
Lok Ma Chau
17
Tai Po
6
Au Tau
5
Sha Tau Kok
1
Ping Shan
13
"Total
68.
71. The total number of larcenies during 1939 was 302 as against 177 in 1938. Of these 228 were charge cases.
72.
The number of arms cases was 37 as against 19 in 1938. There were 42 persons convicted, and 20 rifles and 23 revolvers were seized and confiscated.
73. The number of banishees convicted was 95 as against 31 in 1938.
74. In addition to cases mentioned above there were 41 other serious crimes as against 10 in 1938.
75. There were 2 Gambling cases as against 21 in 1938.
- K 15
SECTION 9A. NEW TERRITORIES, SOUTH.
76. For police purposes Tsun Wan district is included in the Kowloon area. The two N.T. South districts of Cheung Chau and Tai O remained as regards crime, comparatively unaffected by the disturbed conditions in Kwangtung.
77. in 1938.
78.
There were 2 outrages in 1939 including one charge case as against Nil
Other serious crime totalled 60 cases in 1939 as against 60 in 1938.
79. The main difficulty experienced at Cheung Chau and Tai O was the limitation of the fishing area, due to the fear of Japanese interference with fishing fleets outside British waters.
SECTION 10. COLONIAL WATERS.
80. Sino-Japanese hostilities and the break down of government in Kwang- tung produced a wave of lawlessness among the seafaring people of the Kwangtung coast and there was a great increase in the number of robberies on boats in British waters.)
81. In addition many reports were received of robberies on boats in Chinese waters. Japanese naval forces continued their policy of attacks on Chinese vessels, and 115 attacks of this kind were reported to the Hong Kong police. There were 61 reports of outrages on boats in British waters as compared with 23 such reports in 1938. There were 19 charge cases. These cases were distributed as follows:-
Deep Bay launch beat.
Sai Kung
Tai Po
"J
Lantao
Harbour
Beat.
Robberies.
Murders.
Total.
34
1
35
14
14
,,
4
1
Сл
5
3
2
5
,,
2
2
,,
Total:-
57
4
61
82. The disturbed condition of Deep Bay as shown by the 35 outrages which took place there forced this Department to consider seriously the question of providing a fast shallow draught motor boat to police the waters of Deep Bay with a base station somewhere near Mong Tseng point. The expenditure necessary would be considerable, and further consideration has been postponed as conditions in Deep Bay have improved for the time being.
SECTION 11. STRENGTH, CONDUCT AND HEALTH OF THE FORCE. 83. The following tables show the establishment authorized by Estimates for 1939, and the actual strength on 31st December.
Establishment.
Total: Strength including men on leave on 31st
Contingent.
Absent on long leave.
December.
A European
269
272
37
B Indian
801
774
93
C
Cantonese
763
808
20
D
Wei Hai Wei
317
296
5
E
Russian
40
34
2
Cantonese
Sub-Inspectors
30
36
1
2
CO
6
K 16
This number includes police employed by other Departments, but excludes the Chinese Water Police (See Section 17) and also the following administrative and clerical staff and messengers and coolies.
6 1
1
2 3 1
1
3
41 8
84 156
The following table shows enlistments and casualties during the year.
Contingent.
Enlistments.
Deaths.
Resignation through sickness.
Resignation through expiry of term of
service or otherwise.
Dismissals and
Desertions.
A European
13
1
3
6
1
11
B Indian
55
4
13
13
12
42
C Cantonese
108
5
4
4
20
33
D Wei Hai Wei
1
3
2
8
14
E Russian
1
1
2
1
5
Cantonese S. I.
12
1
1
2
84. The establishment provided in Estimates is distributed into the following main heads:-
(i) Leave and recruits;
(ii) Anti-Piracy guards on ships;
(iii) Hong Kong headquarters staff;
(iv)
Kowloon and N.T.N. headquarters staff;
(v) C.I.D. headquarters staff;
(vi) C.I.D. staff in districts;
:
(vii) Regular duty staff rural districts;
(viii) Regular duty staff urban districts.
After providing the men required for items (i) to (vii), the strength remaining is used for item (viii). This means in effect that any deficiencies fall upon the regular duty police doing beat and section duty in the urban areas. The establishment provided for 1939 was 120 Asiatic police (Indian, Cantonese and Wei Hai Wei) short of the number required to police all beats fully. This deficiency was such that in normal times the reduction in efficiency of police work was a risk which could be accepted. The abnormal conditions prevailing in recent years in conjunction with the outbreak of war with Germany made it essential
Total
Casualties.
K 17
to increase the strength of the Force to enable it to cope successfully with its increased responsibilities. Government has accordingly approved the following increases for 1940:-Europeans 8, Cantonese 90, Cantonese Sub-Inspectors 14. It may be necessary to ask for a further increase of strength in 1941 especially as the increase granted for 1940 reduces the previously existing deficiency to 30 Asiatic police and does nothing to provide men for new beats in newly developed areas. A further large portion of recent increases in establishment has gone to strengthen the Special Branch.
85. The conduct of the various contingents was on the whole satisfactory: The following table shows the number of reports for each contingent.
No. OF REPORTS BY CONTINGENTS.
Year. European.
Indian. Cantonese.
Wei Hai Wei.
Russian.
Cantonese Sub- Inspectors.
1939........
23
419
856
138
4
16
1938....
35
355
739
119
2
12
The conduct of the contingents may be classified as follows:-
European-Good: Indian-very fair: Cantonese-fair: Wei Hai Wei-very fair: Russian--good.
86. The following medals and commendations were granted during the year for gallantry, meritorious service and long service:
King's Police Medal
Colonial Police Medal
Colonial Police Long Service Medal
1
7
16
1st Bar to Colonial Police Long Service Medal
5
2nd Bar to Colonial Police Long Service Medal ... H.E. the Governor's Commendation
1
17
87. Admissions to hospital for the past three years are as follows:-
1937.
1938.
1939.
Contingent.
Estmt. Admission. Estmt. Admission. Estmt. Admission.
A European
267
185
257
170
269
121
B Indian
817
795
818
643
817
767
C Cantonese
722
142
737
117
762
112
D
Wei Hai Wei...
287
133
293
79
317
77
E Russian
41
26
42
9
40
16
Cantonese Sub-
Inspectors
20
9
30
11
30
8
are:
K 18
88. The figures for fever cases among police during the last four years
Cases
Year.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
183
246
320
363
The figures for 1939 are swollen by a number of cases of malaria among police posted for duty on the outbreak of war on various water-works in areas where malaria is prevalent. There is, however, an increase in the number of cases in N.T. North stations where the total number of fever cases was 301 as against 207 in 1938. The greatest number of fever cases occurred in Ta Ku Ling 58; Sha Tau Kok 50; Sheung Shui 46; Lin Ma Hang 44; Lok Ma Chau 39; Steps are being taken as funds are available to have N.T.N. police stations protected with wire mosquito netting. The number of police stationed in the New Territory North stations was above normal owing to Sino-Japanese hostilities.
SECTION 12. MUSKETRY AND REVOLVER COURSES.
89. Musketry courses were fired during the year by the following contingents :- Europeans, Indians, Wei Hai Wei and Indian Special Guards.
90. Revolver courses were fired by the following contingents:--
Europeans (twice), Russians and Indians (twice), Indian Special Guards (twice), Cantonese (twice), Wei Hai Wei (twice) and Water Police coxswains. Officers of other Departments also fired revolver courses as follows:-
District watchmen, European Revenue officers, European Fire Brigade officers.
91. Greener gun and Winchester rifle courses were fired by Water Police coxswains and police watchmen.
92. Members of the police force took a keen interest in the Annual Bisley Meeting held in April 1939. Police were successful in winning 8 silver cups, 22
medals and 40 cash prizes.
SECTION 13. TRAINING.
93. During the year the following recruits passed out of the Police Training School Europeans 18; Cantonese Sub-Inspectors 14; Indians 54; Cantonese 75; Wei Hai Wei 16; Water Police seamen 15; District Watchmen 8.
94. Seven promotion examinations were held. Special training was given to 33 Chinese probationary detectives. Sixteen Russian and 132 Wei Hai Wei police were given refresher courses. 112 Indian and Chinese members of the Police Reserve were trained in knowledge of police duties, and 97 passed; the remaining 15 continue their course in 1940.
95. The following police officers received training in first aid :—
Europeans 32; Indian 101; Cantonese 177; Wei Hai Wei 45. Every member of the four contingents, European, Indian, Cantonese and Wei Hai Wei, now holds one or more first aid certificates except 27 men who were receiving instruction at the end of the year.
96. The following police officers and civilian staff of the Department received instructions in Air Raid Precautions under the supervision of P.S.A139 Bowers who holds the Falfield instructor's certificate :-
K 19
Europeans 154; Indians 411; Cantonese and Wei Hai Wei 620; Interpreters 62; Chinese Water Police 146; Messengers 17. Approximately 75% of the whole Police Force has now received training in Air Raid Precautions.
The
97. Instruction classes in life-saving were held under the supervision of Sub-Inspector Hunt, local representative of the Royal Life-Saving Society. following certificates were obtained :-
Instructors Certificates :-European 1; Indian 1. Life-saving-Indians 13; Wei Hai Wei 15.
Total certificates......30.
A class for Europeans was in progress when war broke out, and unfortunately had to be abandoned.
SECTION 14. ANTI-PIRACY GUARDS.
98. Anti-Piracy Work. Sixteen units of anti-piracy guards composed of one European sergeant and nine Indian special guards were supplied to the British-India Steam Navigation Company and ten units to the Indo-China Steam Navigation Com- pany, for vessels on the Hong Kong Singapore run.
99. The China Navigation Company retained eighteen sets of guards of a total strength of 20 Russian sergeants and one hundred and eight Wei Hai Wei police, throughout the year. They were employed as follows:-16 sets composed of 1 Russian sergeant and 6 Wei Hai Wei police on vessels trading between Hong Kong Shanghai and North China ports, and two sets composed of 2 Russian sergeants and 6 Wei Hai Wei police on vessels trading between Hong Kong-Sing- apore-Penang. In addition to the above the Company retained 3 Russian sergeants and 12 Wei Hai Wei police as a provision for long leave, sickness, etc.
100. The Indo-China Steam Navigation Company retained the services of six sets of guards each consisting of one Russian constable and 4 Wei Hai Wei police during the first six months of the year for vessels on the Hong Kong- Shanghai-Tientsin run. Between July and September under arrangements with the Company, guards were gradually withdrawn as alternative employment offered for the members of the Russian contingent concerned.
101. All Anti-Piracy guards were withdrawn upon the outbreak of the European war at the beginning of September, and returned again to their ships during the following month.
102. Conduct. The following table shows the number of men dealt with as defaulters in the various contingents during 1938–1939 :-
Russian Police
Indian Special Guards
1938.
1939.
1
3
16
10
76
32
Wei Hai Wei Police
103. The conduct of the Russian contingent was good, while that of other contingents was fair.
104. The following shows the establishment and strength of Russian and Wei Hai Wei Police and Indian Special Guards employed as Anti-Piracy Guards.
Strength on 31st December.
Russian Police
Wei Hai Wei Police
Indian Special Guards
Establishment.
30
24
120
120
27
27
K 20
105. The Guards Office staff supervises Police watchmen employed by private employers. The numbers so employed on December 31st were Indian watchmen 436 and Chinese watchmen 227. The number of reports against police watchmen was 587 in 1939 as against 406 in 1938.
SECTION 14 A.
ANTI-PIRACY SEARCHERS.
106. Police searchers for the prevention of piracy of all vessels leaving Hong Kong whose terminal ports do not lie beyond Singapore in the South and Vladivostok in the North were carried out throughout the year.
107. No piracy occurred on any ship searched by police in this way, and no piracy on a steamer was reported to police during the year.
108. Police searchers are divided into two main bodies, one the waterfront searchers who search all ships sailing from wharves in Victoria; and water police searchers, who deal with all ships sailing from buoys in the harbour. In addition to their normal duties, waterfront searchers now meet all incoming steamers from Macau and Canton, and conduct an examination of all incoming passengers with a view to preventing destitute persons landing in the Colony. The number of Water Police Searchers has been reduced, as the men were required for the guarding of Vital Posts.
SECTION 15. TRAFFIC.
109. Table VI gives a survey of traffic accidents reported to police during the year, with an analysis of nature of the accidents. The following is a statement of the number of motor vehicles licensed in the Colony for the last 5 years with the number of fatal and non-fatal accidents each year:-
N.B. This table excludes accidents in which no persons were injured.
Year.
Accidents.
1935.
1936. 1937.
1938.
1939.
Fatal
69
75
77
117
120
Non-fatal
1,160
1,100
1,117
1,647 1,960
Total
1,229
1,175
1,194
1,764 2,080
Motor vehicles in use at year
end
4,584
4,665 5,028
5,826 6,627
110. The increase in the number of accidents in 1939 can be attributed mainly to the influx of refugees, unaccustomed to motor traffic, and partly to the increase in the number of motor vehicles on the road.
111. The parking problem has become very serious in the centre of the city. The number of private motor cars has increased so much that all authorized parking places are filled, and late comers can only find accommodation with difficulty. A large centrally situated garage would solve the problem, but there would be serious difficulties in finding a site and securing funds.
This has
112. The present bus services on the island are inadequate. added to the parking problem as in the absence of reasonable public transport facilities the owner driver now must use his car to reach his office, and thus adds to the number of cars parked. The number of trams was increased, but further increase would cause congestion at stopping places. The China Motor Bus Company has 25 new buses on order. The question of allowing double decker buses is under consideration by Government. Many more buses are urgently
K 21
needed. The position in Kowloon is somewhat better though the service on No. 9 route to Yuen Long and the Castle Peak road bathing beaches is inadequate. Several other routes are overcrowded at rush hours.
113. About 60% of the public rickshas have been fitted with pneumatic tyres, and the remainder will be so fitted in 1940. Taxicabs and public motor cars
compare favourably with any in the Far East.
114. Many complaints have been received of the noise nuisance in the centre of the city. A satisfactory solution of this problem has not yet been found, but the Police Department and the Hong Kong Automobile Association favour the introduction of a 24 hour "silent zone" in this area.
115. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Traffic Regulations (Section 3-Ordinance 40 of 1912):-
Prosecu-
Convic-
Year.
tions.
tions.
With- Dis- Re- drawn. charged. manded.
Total amount of
fines.
1939.....
6,951
6,675
116
108
52
$32,644.70
1938.
6,703
6,357
105
126
115
$29,381.90
116. There were no prosecutions for manslaughter in 1939 as against two
in 1938.
117. The following table shows various items of the work of the Traffic Department:
1938.
1939.
Persons examined as motor drivers
Persons passed as motor drivers
1,856
2,885
1,606
2,404
Public motor vehicles examined and passed
5,216
6,217
Public motor vehicles examined and rejected
478
619
Commercial motor vehicles examined and passed
7,787
7,865
Commercial motor vehicles examined and rejected
802
1,051
Motor drivers licences suspended
43
22
Motor drivers licences cancelled
2
2
118. The number of motor vehicles operated by the Police Department is as follows-motor vans 13; motor cars 4; motor cycle combinations 11; motor cycle solos 12.
119. The Traffic law of the Colony is based on Regulations Ordinance No. 40 of 1912. During the appointed a Traffic Legislation Committee to consider legislation. The work of the Committee had not been year.
The Vehicles and Traffic year H.E. the Governor
revision of the traffic completed at the end of the
K 22
SECTION 16.
EMERGENCY UNITS.
120. The Emergency Units in Hong Kong and Kowloon were kept busy throughout the year. Both units were called upon for duty in connexion with refugees.
121. The Kowloon unit was called to strikes at Ngau Chi Wan Gas Mask Factory and at the Chung Hwa Book Company and rendered valuable services in safeguarding property and maintaining order.
122. The Hong Kong unit carried out duties in connexion with the Gaol Clearing Station in a satisfactory manner and provided guards for prisoners to and from the Hong Kong prison at Stanley. The unit also provided escorts for deportees, mendicants and female prisoners.
123. The calls and fees for both units have increased considerably during 1939. The fees collected by the units in 1938 and 1939 are as follows :—
Fees
Year.
Calls.
collected.
Hong Kong unit
1938
109
$3,142.50
1939
172
وو
وو
$5,433.00
Kowloon unit
1938
139
$6,233.50
1939
186
""
$8,931.00
SECTION 17. WATER POLICE.
124. The following return shows the establishment and casualties of the Chinese Water Police during the year 1939:—
Establish- ment.
Resignation
Enlistment. Deaths. through sickness.
Resignation through expiry of terms of service or
Dismissals and desertions.
Total number of
casaulties.
otherwise.
255
20
3
3
5
8
19
125.
There were 253
The conduct of the Chinese Water Police was fair. reports in 1939 as compared with 224 in 1938. There were 141 men against whom no defaulter reports were made during 1939.
As a
126. There were ten accidents involving Police launches during 1939 as compared with sixteen in 1938. Six of these were trifling, damage being negligible. In seven cases it was found that Water Police officers were not to blame. result of inquiries held by the Harbour Master, two coxswains were dealt with departmentally.
127. During the year only No. 2 and No. 3 cruising launches underwent annual overhaul. Nos. 1 and 4 cruising launches are to be overhauled early in 1940. Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 14 harbour launches have given efficient service throughout the year. The present No. 9 launch has proved very useful conveying P.P.O. searchers to and from ships. It is to be replaced in 1940. The searchlights on five of the harbour launches continue to give satisfaction. No. 7 launch has now been fitted with a battery searchlight. The present No. 9 launch is an old Harbour Department launch and has no searchlight. The new No. 9 launch will be fitted with a dynamo for electric light and a searchlight.
K 23
128. Three beat launches and one general patrol launch were kept on service day and night throughout the year.
129. No. 10 motor boat is to be replaced by a new motor boat now under construction. No. 12 motor boat performs very useful special harbour duty. It is also used by passport officers, who, it is hoped, will be provided with a new motor boat during 1940 for passport examination duties. No. 11 motor boat has performed valuable duties on the Shum Chun river patrol. No. 15 and No. 16 launches are stationed at Sai Kung and Tai O respectively. All motor boats are in good condition for the constant service required.
130. Two half yearly machine gun courses were fired on the four cruising launches with very fair results. The 3-pounder crews of all cruising launches fired one 3-pounder course with satisfactory results. Greener guns and Winchester rifles are supplied to cruising launches. The crews were trained regularly in the use of these arms and fired an annual course in both with good results. Department is again indebted to the courtesy of the Naval Authorities for assistance in maintenance, supervision and practice with 3-pounder guns.
The
June, 1940.
C. G. PERDUE, Commissioner of Police.
K 24
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938 AND 1939.
Personal emoluments*
Other Charges.
Ammunition
Upkeep of arms
Bedding
1938. $2,660,128
1939. $ 2,787,317
17,205
27,302
3,321
2,053
5,006
5,842
Burial of destitute dead
Cleansing materials and washing
Clothing and accoutrements
Coal and gas
Conveyance allowances
Compulsory Service Expenses
Coolie hire
288
407
243
223
94,188
87,807
48,443
36,490
10,551
11,352
3,213
2,073
2,042
Disinfectants
2,030
2,313
Expenses of anti-piracy guards
19,760
18,398
Emergency expenses arising from the Sino-Japanese conflict
21,386
147,813
Grants to villages in N.T. in aid of village scout scheme
480
480
Identification of criminals
344
587
Incidental expenses
6,477
5,725
Interpretation fees
98
66
Light and electric fans
36,974
38,980
Medals
515
1,094
Mess utensils
520
868
Passages
170,200
Passages for Police Officers
177,753
Passages for Deportees, etc.
4,771
Recruiting Expenses
8,095
Petrol oil, etc. for police cars and cycles
10,012
13,585
Photography
4,387
5,328
Rations for Indian police
55,474
58,434
Remand home for juvenile offenders
7,479
7,288
Rent of stations and married police quarters
24,984
29,228
Repairs to police motor cars and cycles.
6,435
8,298
Rewards
1,730
2,845
Secret service
Transport
Safety First campaign
Small stores
Special course of instruction
Subsistance of prisoners
Telegrams and long distance telephone calls
Telephones
Training of Police Cadets
15,895
22,998
9,392
13,924
1,633
6,098
4,934
583
486
776
1,187
10,312
10,460
9,319
Total other charges
$
595,292
771,988
Special expenditure.
Typewriters
Filing Cabinets
543
1,269
100 38 short revolvers
3,779
3,446
1,176
2 Motor Cycle Combinations.
3,407
40 prs. Peerless Handcuffs
1,078
300 Barrack Steel Cupboards
7,387
Registration Office Equipment
1,902
Expenditure in connexion with Rangoon Deportees
819
Motor vehicles
5,498
Police telephone pillar
1,271
Police van
4,625
20 303 rifles & bayonets
2,768
Anti gas equipment
13.729
Thornton Pickard detective camera
"Copechat" card index system
Six steel filing cabinets
2 flare pistols
Fire extinguishers for police vehicles
Total special expenditure Total Police Department
212
233
660
402
350
$
34,070
$
20,484
$ 3,289,490
$ 3,579,789
*
Includes officers of S.C. & A. & J.C. services.
K 25
Table II,
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1938 AND 1939.
HEAD OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY POLICE DEPARTMENT.
Duties.
1938.
1939.
Motor spirit
$
7,833 $
6,329
Licences and Internal Revenue.
Arms licences
26,910
24,790
Auctioneers licences
1,225
1,250
Billiard table licences
1,400
1,500
Dangerous goods licences.
20,431
21,477
Dance halls
3,840
3,760
Dogs licences
22,224
24,170
Forfeitures
3,134
5,732
Game licences
5,650
6,515
Liquor licences, N.T.
3,625
4.220
Marine store dealer's licences
9,360
10.440
Miscellaneous licences
13
125
Money changers' licences
15,530
18,275
Pawnbroker licences
150,975
172,750
Printing press
3,430
4,740
Theatrical licences
1,809
4,972
Vehicles, motor licences
340,370
326,842
Vehicles, motor drivers licences
64,100
75,485
Vehicles, other licences
41,442
48,511
Vehicles, other drivers licences.
2.486
2,916
Vehicles, motor special licensing fee,-foreign
registration
94,909
83,830
Fees of Court or Office, &c.
Blake pier tickets
478
554
Contributions for anti-piracy escorts
129.475
111,268
Film censoring fees
5,217
6,077
Miscellaneous fees
Motor ambulance fees
Motor driving tests
1,228
1.671
11,868
14,200
8,130
12,735
Official signature fees
12,935
14,185
Passport
36,416
87,978
Police and other stores
1,513
6,025
Police services
17,987
24,739
Sick stoppages from police force
5,415
4,282
Traffic permits
9,779
5,613
Watchmen's Ordinance
15,366
16,009
Miscellaneous receipts.
Condemned stores, &c.
5,318
3,250
Other miscellaneous receipt
4,522
1,791
Overpayments in previous years
2,083
997
$1,088,426 $1,160,003
K 26
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF POLICE DEPARTMENT.
FOR LAST TEN YEAR.
*Personal emoluments
Year.
and other charges.
Special expenditure.
Total expenditure.
Total
revenue.
$
$
Ꭿ
1930....
2,714,291
38,404
2,752,695
487,169
1931....
2,950,698
13,921
2,964,619
613,883
1932......
2,684,983
27,255
2,712,239
706,387
1933....
2,813,617
•
22,915
2,836,532
697,684
1934....
2,776,379
31,670
2,808,049
903,258
1935..
2,425,442
10,330
2,435,772
860,629 -
1936....
2,816,380
14,258
2,830,638
772,734
1937....
3,077,400
32,296
3,109,696
945,357
1938.....
3,255,420
34,070
3,289,490
1,088,426
1939...
3,559,305
20,484
3,579,789
1,160,003
* Includes officers of S.C. & A., & J.C., services attached to Department.
K 27
Table IV.
The following table shows the number of licences issued during the years 1938 and 1939-
1938.
1939.
Increase.
Decrease.
Arms
1,491
1,519
28
Arms dealers
10
8
2
Auctioneers
2
2
Auctioneers (temporary)
1
2
1
Billiard tables and bowling alleys
5
6
CO
1
Conductors
375
407
32
Dance halls
7
9
2
Dance halls (temporary)
2
1
1
Dangerous goods
1,411
1,491
80
Game
224
245
21
Marine stores
27
28
1
Massage establishments
6
5
1
Money changers
158
183
25
Motor cars (livery)
589
626
37
Motor cars (private)
3,891
4,583
692
'Motor vans and lorries
716
821
105
Motor car international permits
22
25
3
.
Motor drivers (cars and cycles)
9,807 11,654
1,847
Motor drivers (international)
402
519
117
Motor cycles
212
226
14
Pawnbrokers
71
74
3
Places of public entertainment
86
94
8
Poisons
1
1
Printing presses
313
426
113
Private chairs
28
29
1
Private jinrickshas
268
256
12
Public chairs
190
190
Public jinrickshas
900
902
2
Tricycles
1,345
1,744
399
Trucks
17
19
2
Vehicle drivers and bearers
8,172
9,646
1,474
Serious offences.
Charged
cases.
Cases without
charge.
Total cases.
Table V.
Yearly Return of Crime, Serious Offences & Minor Offences.
Charged cases.
Cases without
charge.
Total cases.
YEARLY RETURN
OF CRIME FOR THE
WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR 1939.
1938.
1939.
Persons convicted.
Persons discharged.
% charge
cases to total.
ය
Europeans.
Indians.
Chinese.
Arms
Assault (serious)
Assault with intent to rob
Burglary
113
Coinage offences
Deportation
565
ཤྩ ་ྲ ཕམྦྷོ ཤྩ
57
42
∞ 1-
65
104
16
120
86%
1
123
30
49
36
3
39
92%
2
Q
37
8
7
7
5
5
100%
8
198
311
92
135
227
40%
122
1
24,658.78
7,284.34
9
6
6
100%
5
2
565
857
857 100%
857
Embezzlement
24
28
52
18
17
35
51%
17
House & godown breaking
211
294
92
126
218 42%
117
12,433.89
25,796.13
9,767.15
Intimidation & extortion
13
13
100%
1
9
Kidnapping
2
2
100%
2
Larceny
5,418
3,279
8,697
5,821 3,062
8,883
65%
2
6,011
Q
H
275
237,498.86
69,017.18
Larceny from dwelling house
63
428
491
67
316
383
17%
1
78
2
137,801.47
19,910.78
Larceny on ships & wharf
124
99
223
115
77
192
60%
115
12
12,025.36
3,119.06
Manslaughter
4
4
13
2
15
86%
7
17
Murder
7
12
19
18
19
37
48%
22
26
3,113.85
1,272.00
Murder, attempted
5
1
6
83%
5
Obtaining by false pretences
102
Receiving
240
Robbery
43
Women and girls
1
Other serious offences
87
26
28
24
126
133
17
150
88%
147
12
13,138.29
1,934.21
240
290
290
100%
257
'78
66
109
74
141
215
34%
125
44
106,198.76
15,646.34
1
2
2
100%
113
96
13
109
88%
112
29
112,551.27
100.48
Carried forward..
7,002
4,386 11,388 7,859
3,945 11,804
21
11
8,176
4
1
545
685,216.66 128,051.54
Europeans.
Indians.
Chinese.
€
K 28
$
Value of
property
stolen.
Value of
property recovered.
Minor Offences.
Charged cases.
Cases without
charge.
Total cases.
Charged
cases.
Caşes without
charge.
Total cases.
Table V,-contd.
YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR 1939.
1938.
1939.
Persons convicted.
Persons discharged.
% charge
cases to total.
Europeans.
Indians.
Brought forward.
7,002
4,386 11,888
7,859
3,945 11,804
21
11
8,176
1
545 685,216.66
128,051.54
Assault
674
674
683
683
100%
13
3
1,135
93
Damage to property
27
27
51
51
8
1
63
7
1
3
Dangerous goods
37
37
61
61
79
4
Drunkenness
14
14
13
13
7
6
Forestry offences
2,246
2,246
2,393
2,393
2,532
39
Gambling
296
296
424
424
""
4,690
101
Hawking offences
35,507
35,507 21,982
21,982
ง
21,906
83
Lottery offences
193
193
298
298
406
11
20
Mendicants
1,436
1,436
1,154
1,154
1,155
42
Merchant Shipping Ordinance
524
524
527
527
1,147
26
Morphine
747
747
875
875
887
60
Nuisances
474
474
505
505
515
14
Opium
1,334
1,334
1,609
1,609
1,653
62
Revenue
799
799
844
844
1
861
40
Rogue and vagabond
222
222
208
208
217
19
Stowaways
31
31
21
21
Unlawful possession
300
300
242
242
Vagrants
29
29
19
19
12
11
N
15
208
47
Vehicle and traffic
2,461
2,461
1,956
1,956
16
1
1
"}
Women and girls
825
825
651
651
1,965
689
1 1
26
32
Other miscellaneous offences
1,379
1,379
1,524
1,524
52
4 1,648
1
2
85
Total.
49,555
49,555 36,040
36,040
111
15 41,777
16
4
796
Grand Total..
56,557
4,386 | 60,943 | 43,899
3,945 47,844
132
26 49,953
20
5
10
1,341 685,216.66
128,051.54
Chinese.
Europeans.
Indians.
Chinese.
€
K 29
Value of
property
stolen.
Value of
property
recovered.
RICKSHAS
HAND TRUCKS
UNKNOWN VEHICLE
TOTAL
ì & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
GRAND TOTAL
Kowloon & N.T. Hong Kong, Kowloon &
New Territories
V.F. F.
No. N.F. F1.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No.
N.F F.
No. N.F.
No.
".
N.F. F.
No.
N.F. F.
No.
Non-
fatal
Fatal
96
7
6
2
3
3
Co
21
∞
}
2
N
7
1
7
I
1
1
23
2
4
2
3
2
1
150
16
31
ස
كسار
1
2
2
1
1
4
10
1
I
2
2
1
1
I
I
1,231 783
46
965
8
7
I
532
I
483
27
1,763
1,266
73
CO
9
17
15
298
203
13
152
142
8
00
450
345
21
24
20
20
6
35
32
2
59
52
K 30
1,372
32
1
485
89
5
сл
1,857
121
15
29
44
268
10
1
136
15
1
404
28
T
23
3
28
1
10
on
37
a
1
18
13
2
25
37
1
1
51
8
1
3
17
4
55
9
1
1
21
225
1
3,261 1,106 71 1,395
854
49 4,656 1,960
120*
S. C. SAUNDERS,
Traffic Inspector
2. 3. 40.
!
Table VIII.
CLASSIFIED TABLE OF VEHICLES ACCIDENTS.
PUBLIC CARS
TAXIS
MOTOR CYCLES
T'RICYCLES
CYCLES
L
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
No.
N.F.
F. No. N.P. P.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No., N.F.
F. No. N.F. F1.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No.
N.F. F.
88
55
58
2
9 11
69
42
4
25
6
1
1
1
1
I
20
20
2 40
22
28
24
2
24 17
11
9
48 38
51
54
183
129
9
1
26
1
10
17
1
80
2
8
72
1242
1
20
20
1
1
2
1
}
5
10
1
201
64
2
19
5
12
165
--——---་
46
4
ہے
3
1
Q
I
1
2
7
6
2
2
1
1
19
17
51
22
8
55
13
94
47
4
340
2
4
1
2
1
1
105
36
24
2
71
27
1
47
38
3
77
1
14
خصر
1
1
1
1
1
2
11
5
25
25
35
35
18
106
333
53
162
117
4 675 170
* In 118 fatal accidents, 120 persons were killed.
Bus
TRAM
PRIVATE CARS
PUBLIC CARS
TYPE OF AGCIDENTS
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N.T.
No. N.F. F. No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No. N.F. F.
No.
N.F. F.
No.
N.F.
F'.
No.
N.F. F.
No
1. VEHICLE & PERSONS :
(«) Persons crossing carriageway.. (b) Persons playing games in roadway
83
55
10
56
51
7 176 121
11
1
1
Į
(c) Persons boarding or alighting from moving vehicles and falling
(d) Falling from vehicles
2. VEHICLE
AND
VEHICLE
3. VEHICLE
AND
OBJECT
4. VEHICLE
Driver
72
12242
512
299
9
239
213
9
88
55
2
9 11
69
47
3| 148
139
7 218 154
10
4
2 2
I
1
Driver
143
39
Passenger
Driver
I
34
34
26
Passenger
3
OFF THE
ROAD
Passenger
I
5. OTHER
Driver
2
1
ACCIDENTS
Passenger
Total accidents fatal, involving injury and without injury
10
I
77
I
1
N
2
334 104
13 277
204
14
479 282
21
I
505
1883
I
2
4
1
I
6
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
مع
7
198
13
80
N
3
།
15
I
1
56
16
8
20
1
17
215
72
2
2
7
1
2
13
1
1
10
3
5
I
5
2
!
5
1,120
328
13 515 279
10 201
64
2
19
12
1
1
165
K 31
Annexe A.
HONG KONG POLICE RESERVE.
1. The strength of the force on December 31st was 354, an increase of 62 over that of the previous year. Details by units are shown below with the com- parative figures for the preceding two years :--
Headquarters staff
Chinese Company
Indian Company
Flying Squad
Emergency Unit
Totals:-
1937.
1938.
1939.
2
2
2
85
129
148
75
92
112
33
34
50
34
35
42
229
292
354
In the course of the year, 150 were taken on the strength, 37 resigned, 47 were struck off, and 4 died.
The maximum strength of the Force for the duration of the war has now been laid down at 452 made up of 2 Headquarters staff, 200 Chinese Company, 150 Indian Company, 50 Flying Squad and 50 Emergency Unit.
2. Awards.
(a) Commended Service Bars. The undermentioned were granted the com- mended service bar for exceptional merit :-
Constable R120 Leung Yiu Wing
Constable R208 Syed Zaffar Alam
26.9.39. 19.8.39.
(b) Commendations. Fourteen members were specially commended by the Com- missioner of Police for zeal and alertness.
3. Appointments.
His Excellency the Governor was pleased to make the following appointments with effect from the 28th July:
Mr. Cyril Champkin to be an Honorary Commissioner,
Mr. Oscar Eager to be Deputy Superintendent,
Mr. Ts'o Tsun On to be Adjutant,
Mr. David Loie to be Assistant Superintendent.
Inspector (R) J. A. Bendall was appointed Officer Commanding the Emergency Unit on December 15th vice Inspector (R) W. V. Field who was released to join the Hong Kong Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.
4. Emergency Unit van was in use nightly throughout the year by the Chinese and Indian companies for mobile picquet duty, and was also used constantly during the year for training purposes.
The late Mr. Fok Chi Ting presented a new Emergency Unit van to the Reserve. This van has now been taken into use. The generous gift is much appreciated.
K 32
5. Training. The programme of general training remained unchanged during the year.
6. Active service conditions were maintained throughout the year with an average number of 118 men out on duty between the hours of 20.00 and 23.59. During the days of tension at the beginning of September the number was increased to 220. In addition to normal police work, duties were undertaken at the request of the Postmaster General in connexion with broadcasting.
7. The standard of shooting continues to improve. The Chinese Company participated for the first time at the annual meeting of the Hong Kong Rifle Association and gave a satisfactory account of themselves. In this connexion His Excellency the Governor made a presentation at Government House to Sergeant R30 Thong Po Hing to commemorate his excellent shooting at the meeting.
8. Discipline. Discipline was good and only a few cases necessitated dis- ciplinary action being taken.
9. Annual Inspection. At the annual inspection held on the 9th November. His Excellency the Governor expressed his appreciation of the work of the Police Reserve.
K 33
Annexe B.
MALE JUVENILES REMAND HOME REPORT, 1939.
Return of boys dealt with.
Offence.
Arrested.
Sentenced to Detention.
Hawking and bootblacks
116
7
Larceny
546
176
Tobacco (Smuggling)
17
8
Opium
6
Begging
16
5
Unlawful possession
12
6
Traffic offences
4
Forestry
43
12
Receiving stolen property
9
1
Assault
17
1
Heroin pills
4
3
Inquiries
65
Destitute and Wandering
14
5
Gambling
6
1
Loitering
1
1
Dumping rubbish
2
Wine
Burglary
Throwing stones
4 24
3
2
2
2 N
2
Disorderly conduct
4
2
Robbery
1
Demanding money with menaces
1
1
Deportation
4
4
Breach of bond
3
3
Possession of arms
1
1
Dumping night-soil
2
1
Playing the lion
1
House breaking
1
Illegal pawning
1
Avoiding ferry fare
2
Intimidation
2
Instrument fit for unlawful purpose ...
3
1
Obstruction
2
Trespassing
3
Assault with intent to rob
1
Giving false testimony
1
1
Committing a nuisance
1
Total
922
247
Ten were dealt with as adults; 34 sent to Aberdeen Industrial School.
K 34
DIET.
Breakfast
Midday
Supper
Meal.
Time.
Menu.
7.30 a.m.
11.15 a.m.
Rice, meat, vegetables and tea. Congee.
4,10 p.m.
Rice, fish, meat or eggs, vegetables and
tea.
Extra food given on recommendation of Medical Officer or Police Magistrate.
1.
6.10 a.m. 6.30 - 7.30 a.m.
7.30 a.m.
8-9 a.m.
9.00 11.15 a.m.
-
11.15 a.m.
11.2012 noon.
12-1 p.m.
1-4 p.m.
4 p.m. to dark
Daily Routine.
.Rising bell.
.Drill.
.Breakfast.
.School.
.School. Rattan work and cleansing building. Congee.
.Recreation.
School.
.Drill, School, Rattan work.
..Recreation.
During the winter, hot baths are taken on Tuesdays and Fridays.
VISITS TO THE HOME.
1. The Medical Officer visits at least once a week.
2. Parents and relatives are allowed to visit in special cases.
3. The Home was visited on various occasions by interested persons.
INSTRUCTION GIVEN.
1. The two Probation Officers give one hour's instruction weekly.
2. Reading and writing are taught in the school.
STAFF.
1. The two Probation Officers are mainly engaged in making inquiries about boys on remand and visiting boys on probation. They report personally to the Magistrates.
2. One Chinese lance-sergeant and 9 constables are attached to the Home to escort the boys to and from the courts. They also look after the boys and help to teach in the school.
SICKNESS.
12 boys were admitted to the Queen Mary hospital.
150 boys were treated for scabies in the Home.
540 boys were inoculated against cholera and 516 were vaccinated.
- K 35
Annexe C.
FEMALE JUVENILES REMAND HOME REPORT, 1939.
RETURN OF GIRLS DEALT WITH.
Detained
Sentenced
Offence.
Arrested.
on
Remand.
to Detention.
Hawking
17
5
Begging
In possession of heroin or opium In possession of dutiable tobacco
In possession of dutiable spirits. Forestry offence
20
6
5
15
10
11
....
2
1
1
1
7
2
3
Larceny
24
12
13
Destitute and wandering
6
Inquiries
19
Breach of cholera regulations
5
Receiving stolen goods.
2
1
Kidnapped
1
...
Keeping a gaming house
4
1
Dumping night soil
6
2
3
In possession of
po piu tickets
1
Depositing rubbish
1
Giving false testimony
1
Attempted suicide
1
Not charged
1
Breach of Juvenile Offenders Ordinance
1932
7
4
7
†141
43
+44
t
5 were dealt with as adults.
17 were transferred to the Salvation Army Home after their period of detention was finished.
Meal.
Breakfast
Midday
Supper
DIET.*
Time.
Menu.
8 a.m. Rice, fish or meat, vermicelli, vegetables
and tea.
12.30 p.m. Congee (winter), cakes and tea (summer).
5.30 p.m. Rice, fish or meat, vegetables and tea.
* Extra nourishment given on recommendation of Medical Officer or whenever the 0.1.C. sees a girl is under- nourished.
6.00 a.m.
6.30 a.m.
8.00 a.m.
8.45 a.m.
9.00 a.m.
10.00 a.m.
K 36
DAILY ROUTINE. (*)
.Rising bell.
.House duties.
Breakfast.
Morning prayers.
.House duties.
Workroom, sewing, etc.
(School for isolated juveniles).
.Congee.
12.30 p.m.
.Recreation.
1.00 p.m.
School.
2.00 p.m.
Workroom, sewing, etc.
3.30 p.m.
.Evening meal.
5.15 p.m.
6.00 p.m.
.Evening prayers. .Recreation.
6.15 p.m.
7.00 p.m.
.Retire.
*During the winter, hot baths are taken on Tuesdays and Fridays.
INSTRUCTION GIVEN.
1. A sewing amah is in charge of the workroom where the girls are instructed in dress making and sewing.
2. Reading and writing are taught in the school.
3.
months.
Instructive lantern lectures are given by the officers during the winter
4. The girls attend religious services in the Home each Sunday.
SICKNESS.
No serious sickness during the year.
All scabies and minor ailments treated in the Home by the O.I.C. juveniles were admitted to hospital for the following:
Three
Measles .........
1
Pyrexia
1
T. B.
.1
Total......3.
Fourteen cases have been receiving treatment daily at the Kowloon Hospital V.D. clinic. These girls have necessarily been isolated.
STAFF.
A female Probation Officer is engaged in making inquiries about girls on remand and visiting those on probation. She reports personally to the magistrate.
There are four employees who are responsible for the bathing and general cleanliness of the girls, and instructing in housework and sewing. One of these is entirely responsible for the isolation cases.
1
Appendix K (1).
REPORT OF THE CHIEF OFFICER, HONG KONG FIRE BRIGADE FOR THE YEAR 1939.
EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.
The expenditure of the Fire Brigade for the year 1939
1939 was $329,561.91 (£20,254 6s. 6d.) including special expenditure amounting to $11,727.43 (£720 15s. Od.) as against $400,269.05 (£24,599 17s. 4d.) including special expenditure amounting to $105,647.86 (£6,492 18s. 10d.) in 1938.
2. The revenue of the Brigade for the year amounted to $14,773.00 (£907 18s. 6d.) derived from the following sources:-
Motor ambulance service
$14,200.00
(£872 14s. 2d.) as against $11,868.50 (£729 8s. 41⁄2d.) for 1938, an increase of 19.6%.
Theatre and special duties
$573.00
(£35 4s. 4d.) as against $704.00 (£43 5s. 4d.) for 1938 a decrease of 18.6%.
The undermentioned table shows the revenue of the Brigade for the past five years.
1939.
1938.
1937.
1936.
1935.
Motor ambulance service... $14,200.00 $11,868.50 $10,700.00
$7,730.00 $7,890.00
Theatres and special
duties
$704.00
Total
$573.00
$708.00 $510.00 $1,158.00
$14,773.00 $12,572.50 $11,408.00 $8,240,00 $9,048.00
ESTABLISHMENT RETURN.
3. Return showing the establishment and casualties in the Brigade during the year 1939 :--
Establishment
of the Brigade.
Enlistments.
Death.
Resignations.
Invalided.
Europeans
10
Portuguese
1
250
28*
1
2
4
9
16
*4 Temporary Firemen.
Retired on
Pension.
Dismissals or Desertions.
Total number
of casualties.
Chinese
Total
261
28
1
2
4
9
16
K (1) 2
FLOATING STAFF.
Coxswains.
Engineers.
Stokers.
5
8
6
Seamen.
Total.
14
33
ACTUAL STRENGTH ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Portu-
Europeans.
Chinese.
guese.
Floating Staff.
Total.
Present
10
1
241
33
285
Sick or absent
on leave
Vacancies
ลง
7
2
7
2
Total
10
1
250
33
294
Discipline during the year was satisfactory. permission is still the chief offence.
Absence from station without
4. The Superintendent, Mr. J. C. Fitz Henry, resumed duty on 2nd April, 1939.
AUXILIARY FIRE SERVICE ESTABLISHMENT RETURN, 1939.
Rank.
Authorized Strength.
Actual Strength.
Resignations.
Dismissals.
Senior Officers :--
Superintendent
1
1
Divisional Officers
2
2
Mechanical Engineer..
1
1
Section & Sub Officers
32
18
Assistant Mechanical
Engineer
1
1
Firemen
201
201
13
4
Drivers (female)
20
14
Ancillary Grades
42
18
LO
2
Total ...
300
256
15
4
K (1) 3
5. His Excellency The Governor approved the appointment of Mr. D. H. Blake as Superintendent of the Auxiliary Fire Service on its formation in July, 1939.
The following were also appointed as Officers --
Mr. R. Grimshaw
Mr. Chan Mak Heung
Mr. J. S. Howell
Mrs. W. Dalziel
Divisional Officers.
Mechanical Engineer.
Lady Divisional Officer.
In view of the political situation in August, 1939 it was decided to recruit a total of 300 members for the service instead of the 100 members approved in the 1939 Estimates.
Members of the active grades in Hong Kong and Kowloon undergo a course of forty drills, at the rate of two per week, under regular Fire Brigade Officer Instructors. On completion of the course a short examination is given and the most promising candidates selected for the rank of Sub Officer.
Since the formation of the service Station Officer Smith has acted as principal instructor and Liaison Officer.
STATIONS AND EQUIPMENT.
6. Plans for a new Eastern Fire Station on site at the junction of Hennessy Road and Canal Road, East were drawn up during the year.
Following completion of this station, the whole of the existing temporary Eastern Fire Station and quarters will serve as a headquarters for the Auxiliary Fire Service and its appliances.
A temporary Auxiliary Fire Service building is also to be erected on Crown Land adjoining Terminus Fire Station in Kowloon.
7. The following appliances and equipment were indented or provided for during the year :-
(a) All necessary pumping units and equipment for the Auxiliary Fire Service,
the cost being borne by an Air Raids Precautions vote.
(b) Two sets "Salvus" self-contained breathing apparatus.
(c) Two sets "Antipoys" smoke helmets for Fire Floats.
(d) Two sets "Pyrene" foam-making branch-pipes.
8. All Fire Brigade vehicles and pumping units were regularly inspected and maintained in an efficient manner during the year.
9. The two Fire Floats were slipped and overhauled as required during the year. Major repairs to the superstructure of No. 1 Fire Float were also undertaken.
10. All other appliances and equipment were examined, tested and repaired
as necessary.
11. The total number of pedestal and underground hydrants is now 1,506.
All hydrants were inspected quarterly.
12. Fires.
K (1) 4-
SPECIAL EVENTS.
Killed.
(a) A Chinese male was injured during a fire which involved the petrol tank of a private motor car at No. 223, Nathan Road, Yaumati on 4.3.39
(b) During a fire at a Morrison Hill Road house on 18.9.39 a Chinese male was severely injured and subsequently died
(c) A Chinese male child, 3 years old, was burned to death during a fire which occurred at No. 13, Pitt Street, Yaumati, on 30.9.39. The child was reported missing on the arrival of the Brigade, but owing to the fierceness of the fire, it was impossible to enter the premises to effect rescue work
(d) A Chinese male child was burned to death during a fire which occurred on 27.10.39 in Island Road, Aberdeen. An aged man. was injured
(e) On 27.11.39 at 01.18 hours a fire broke
out in a joss paper shop, occupying the ground floor of an old type tenement building at No. 466, Queen's Road West. The fire spread with alarming rapidity and effectively cut off the means of escape of the occupants of the upper floors. Before the arrival of the Brigade, 5 persons had jumped into the street from the rear of the building, with the result that one Chinese female was killed and four persons injured. Several bodies were extricated after the extinction of the fire. The casualties were 7 dead and 6 injured...
(f) On the evening of 3.12.39 the Brigade was called to deal with a serious fire in a
cotton quilt shop and store at 480, Shanghai Street, Kowloon, which, spreading rapidly soon involved the whole of the upper floors of No. 482 and the 3rd floor of No. 478. On arrival of the Brigade the occupants of the upper floors were already jumping into the street. persons were rescued by firemen by means of fire escape and some 20 persons were saved from serious injury by members of the public holding Fire Brigade jumping sheets. Lack of alternative means of
9
1
1
1
Casualties.
Injured.
1
مسر
1
7
6
་
i
K (1) 5
T
escape from the buildings caused many people to be trapped. 46 persons lost their lives, most of the bodies being recovered from the debris of the fire. persons sustained injuries
11
The heavy loss of life at this fire was largely attributable to the delay in calling the Brigade while attempts were made by some of the inmates to extinguish the fire
13. Explosions.
(g) On 18.4.39, 5 persons were injured due to an explosion of a 55 gallon oil drum which was being welded in the premises of the Switzerland Welding Co., 29, Shantung Street, Mong Kok
14. Collapses and Landslides.
(h) A Chinese female was injured as a result of the collapse of a roof above the 1st floor kitchen of No. 2, U Fook Lane, Third Street, on 18.4.39
(i) On 22.5.39 the Brigade was summoned to render assistance in the collapse of a brick and tile building near No. 140, Kennedy Road. 3 persons were slightly injured; 2 of them were extricated by the Brigade
6) A Chinese male was extricated alive from a collapsed brick and tile building at 275, Lockhart Road on 29.5.39
(k) 3 Chinese males were injured in the collapse of a stack of timber on Crown Land at Prince Edward Road on 15.6.39 ...
(1) 5 persons were injured during the collapse of a building under construction in No. 84, Nga Tsin Wai Road, Kowloon City on 5.8.39
(m) 3 Chinese, 1 male and 2 females were buried during a landslide at Blue Pool Road, Tai Hang on 3.11.39. The bodies were extricated by the Brigade
(n) A landslide occurred on 19.12.39 at Taipo Road causing the death of two Chinese males. The bodies were extricated by the Brigade and Police. 1 person was injured
Total casualties
Killed.
Injured.
46
11
3
10
5
1
3
1
3
LO
5
2
1
61
38
K (1) 6
CALLS.
15. The number of calls received during the year totalled 292; actual fires 198, chimney fires 58, collapses 8, landslides 2 and false alarms 26. Compared with previous year (1938) there was an increase of 47 calls. 56 were received by street fire alarms, 200 by telephone, 3 from Police and 33 from messengers.
16. Of the false alarms, 3 were maliciously given, 7 were given with good intent and 16 were due to electrical faults in the street fire alarm system.
THEATRE AND OTHER DUTIES.
17. Special duties at public and private entertainments were performed by members of the Brigade on 63 occasions during the year; the number of men thus employed was 244 for a total of 746 hours duty.
FIRE INSPECTION WORK.
18. The following inspections were made by officers of the Brigade and reported upon during the year :-
Theatres and cinemas
Boarding houses
Factories and workshops
Garages
.....
Licensed premises (Liquor licences)
Eating houses
Timber and firewood storages
Buildings (Government & public).
273
103
481
84
94
65
117
107
High and low flash inflammable liquid stores
223
Petrol pumps
117
Kerosene stores in shops
637
Dangerous goods storages
346
Offensive trades
Fireworks storages
Neon light advertising signs
Vernacular schools
Dance halls and academies
7
157
520
257
20
5
Fire service installations
366
Miscellaneous inspections
299
Total ....
4,273
The number of inspections carried out each month is shewn in Table IV.
19. 19 private fire-hydrant services were installed in various premises during the year.
5 private fire-hydrant services were removed during the year. There are now 288 such installations in the Colony. These were inspected, tested and reported upon during the year.
20. The 15 automatic sprinkler installations in the Colony were tested and reported upon during the year.
One installation was removed during the year.
21. 411 chemical fire extinguishers located in various Government buildings. were tested and recharged by the Brigade during the year.
22. The total number of dangerous goods licences in force at the end of the year was 1,325 (fees $16,665.00) as against 1,222 (fees $16,355.00) for 1938.
Appendix L.
PRISONS DEPARTMENT HONG KONG ANNUAL REPORT
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
"It has been said that the price of liberty is eternal vigilance; I would say that as far as prisons are concerned the price of progress is eternal experiment".
FROM AN ADDRESS GIVEN ΤΟ THE HOWARD LEAGUE FOR PENAL REFORM BY MR. HAROLD SCOTT, C.B., CHAIRMAN OF THE PRISON COMMISSION.
I. GENERAL.
1. The reorganization envisaged in last year's report proceeded steadily and smoothly up to the outbreak of war.
2. The segregation of Chinese first offenders from previous offenders was completed in July by the division of the prison into two sections. Except in the hospital no contact is now possible between sections. Within each section prisoners are classified into long term and short term prisoners and each class wears distinctive clothing.
3. All work outside the prison is done by short term first offenders, and on occasion they have been sent several miles in lorries for labour on defence works.
Long term first offenders are employed in the kitchens, laundry, tailors shop, and in the rattan, shoe-making and leather working industries.
Previous offenders are employed in the printing shop and in the carpentering,. tinsmithing and coir industries. A new industry is being started in this section early in 1940 concrete block making. Two machines for this purpose have been ordered and are now on their way from England.
Each section carries out its own domestic duties with the exception of the cooking and preparation of meals which is done for the whole prison by long term first offenders.
4. From my own observations and from reports from senior subordinate officers there is no doubt that the segregation which has been introduced is having a marked effect on the prisoners. When "old lags" and first offenders lived and worked together the former were feared, obeyed, and perhaps admired by the latter, and in fact ruled the roost. This state of affairs has entirely changed. First offenders, safe from contact with their former bullies, now regard them with open disfavour. It is a curious fact that since segregation came into force the first offenders have come to regard themselves as a superior class of beings! This is all to the good.
5. The principal innovations during the year have been :-
(a) The formation of a central guard consisting of 2 Indian warders and 16 Indian guards in place of the scattered armed sentries which were dotted about in various parts of the prison. The guard is situated in the administrative section of the prison and furnishes four sentry posts, one in each corner tower. The Principal Officer's office in the centre- of the prison is connected with the guard room by loud speaker.
(b) A rifle range has been built in the prison grounds and an annual small
arms course for all officers has been inaugurated.
L 2
(c) The number of prisoners working daily outside the prison is between 250 and 300. Apart from departmental work labour parties have been supplied to the military authorities for digging trenches and levelling camp sites, to the Urban Council for clearing stones and rocks from beaches at Repulse Bay, to the Medical Department for anti-malarial work at Tytam and to the Water Authority for clearance work at Tytam Tuk.
(d) The selection of suitable prisoners as trade instructors, messengers and for fire fighting squads. These prisoners are supplied with distinguishing arm bands. The scheme, in spite of some individual disappointments, is working well.
4
(e) The opening on 16th October of a separate prison for remand prisoners, debtors, destitutes and persons awaiting deportation. The Victoria Remand Prison, situated in a renovated corner of the old Victoria Gaol, is staffed by 1 Principal Officer (the officer-in-charge), European officers and 15 Indian warders and has accommodation for 166 prisoners. The prisoners carry out all their own domestic duties. with the exception of cooking which is done by six first offender convicts. trained in the Stanley Prison cookhouse. No convict cook can be transferred to the Remand Prison until he is within 6 months of completion of his sentence. They are kept segregated from the remand prisoners.
(f) The employment of female prisoners in garden work outside the prison at Lai Chi Kok. The garden had to be made out of a rocky site, but is now flourishing and employs about 20 women daily.
(g) The gradual replacement of bed-boards by hammocks.
block is now furnished with hammocks only.
One complete
6. The worst feature of the year has been the overcrowding of the Hong Kong Prison at Stanley. This was slightly relieved by the transfer of remands, destitutes, debtors and deportees to Victoria Remand Prison but the relief amounted to a daily average of about 100 persons only. To bring the prison population down to its planned figure a further 1,400 prisoners must be got rid of somehow. At the time of writing (Mid-January, 1940) the muster at the prison has exceeded the 3,000 mark and arrangements are being made for the premature release of selected prisoners, as 3,000 is the agreed figure beyond which overcrowding cannot be allowed to go- neither the staff nor the accommodation nor the equipment can stand the strain above that figure.
7. In spite of the large number of prisoners in excess of that for which there is proper provision discipline has been well maintained; but, in the circumstances. it has had to be largely the discipline of repression rather than of expression. The division of the prison into two sections has assisted considerably in the maintenance of order.
There were two large faction fights inside the prison, both occurring at the time of the evening muster on the exercise ground. The guard turned out and appeared on the scene promptly on both occasions, and apart from a warning shot (the only sound that could possibly be heard above the din) by the senior officer present on each occasion no resort was had to firearms to quell the disturbances, for which purpose the issue of heavy canes to European officers was found to be most effective. The casualties among the prisoners were few and not of a very serious nature. In August one prisoner murdered another in the printing shop by striking him with an iron bar. He was hanged on 22.11.39.
No attempt was made to escape from inside the prison, but from outside parties there was one escape (recaptured the same day) and one attempted escape.
¦
2
L 3
8. Shortly after the outbreak of war all the male officers of the Prisons Service volunteered for duty with the fighting forces. The European officers were formed into an auxiliary unit of the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps and put through. a course of training under army instructors followed by field exercises. The Indian officers were formed into a Special Guard Company to be called upon for duty in case of emergency.
9. The outbreak of war necessitated the taking of many precautionary measures not normally connected with prison administration. For instance, detailed A.R.P. orders had to be issued and tests carried out-sometimes in conjunction with Colony wide blackouts and sometimes separately.
II. STAFF.
10. On 15th March Lieut. Commander W. H. L. Harrison R.N. (retired) arrived from Kenya Colony to fill the vacant post of Superintendent of Hong Kong Prison.
11. The authorized establishment of subordinate staff for 1939 was:-
European Officers Indian Officers
Chinese Staff
73
226
62
Male Staff
361
Female Officers
28
Total Subordinate Staff
389
12. Within a few days of the outbreak of war Lt. Comdr. Harrison was called up for service with the Royal Navy and Mr. J. W. FitzGerald, Acting Chief Warder, was appointed Acting Superintendent in the absence of Mr. H. Barrett, Chief Warder, on leave. The latter officer returned from leave and became Acting Superintendent on 23rd. December, when Mr. FitzGerald reverted to Acting Chief Warder.
13. Whilst on leave in the United Kingdom Mr. H. Barrett attended the annual course of study in prison administration under the auspices of the Home Office.
14. The following table shows the number of reports against members of the staff and the nature of the punishment inflicted in consequence :-
Punishment.
Europeans. Indians.
Chinese.
Wardresses.
Dismissed
Reduced in rank
Increment deferred
212
2
Increment stopped
Fined from $10. to $25
1
$.5. to $10
$ 1. to $ 5
10
14
݂ܕ
less than $1.
5
Extra duty
36
59
Reprimanded
9
20
4
1
Chinese Males
by
Age Groups.
STATISTICAL REPORT FOR HONG KONG PRISONS FOR 1939.
Number
Number committed.
previously
convicted.
Numbers sentenced to imprisonment.
Over 2 years.
Deaths (exclusive
of executions).
Notes.
15-201
1,446
176 1,270
180
135
85
870 329
836
83
22
20-25
3,044
10
542 2,492 271
181 251
1,789 644
1,627
157
64
4
25-50
9,291
15
Over 50
865
NG
1,856
7,420 1,470
621
548
4,781 2,075 4,376 844
125
39
2
112
751 134
26
47
544 374
331 41
5
20
Total Chinese males
14,646.
27
2,686 11,933 2,055
963
931
7,984 3,422 7,170 1,125; 216
63
in 1937.
European males
Indian males
51 1 18
21
11
2.1
1
20
5
14
1
1
prisoners with
2
9
10
3
7
5
2
3
Total males
14,718
28
20 2,706 11,964 2,056
963 934
8,011 3,427 7,189 1,128 220
63
Females by Age Groups
15-20
109
28
81
2
20-25
129
2
25-50
899
4
74
24
103
14
23
Ι
76
36
40
4
1
1
85
36
56
8
3
152
743
64
20 16
643
272
423
30
18
Over 50
291
39
252
42
15 13
182
116
123
11.
2
Total Females
1,428
6
243
1,179
The percentage of con- victed prisoners admitted to prison with previous convictions recorded against them was 31.5 as compared with 24.3 in 1938 and 21.6
The percentage of male
convictions was 33.1.
The daily averages of
prisoners in prisons during the year were:
Hong Kong Prison.
Male
Victoria Remand Prison.
Male (Period from
16.10.89 to 31.12.89 only)
previous
.2,832
88
122 40 31
986
460 642 53 24
Lai Chi Kok Prison.
Female
.183
Total
16,146
34
20 2,949 13,143 2,178 1,003 965
8,997 3,887 7,831 1,181 244
Total
.3,003
|
L 5
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING.
15. In the Hong Kong Prison the total number of prisoners employed in industries at the end of the year, including printing and laundry, was :---
First Offenders Section
Previous Offenders Section
297.
492.
16. In the Lai Chi Kok Female Prison the daily average number employed in industrial work, including laundry and vegetable gardens, was 157.
17. The principal departmental work, other than industrial, on which prisoners have been employed during the year has been :--
18.
(i) Clearing and preparing the site for the new Isolation Block for
convicted lepers and cutting a road to the site.
(ii) Construction of a rifle range.
(i) Levelling a parade ground for the Indian staff.
(iv) Breaking stone for a new septic tank.
(v) Construction of steps to Chinese and Indian beaches.
(vi) Camouflaging the boundary walls of the prison at the request of the
military authorities..
(vii) Trenching and preparation of vegetable gardens inside the Hong Kong
Prison and outside the Lai Chi Kok Prison.
SPIRITUAL, MENTAL AND PHYSICAL TRAINING.
The position with regard to the spiritual, mental and physical training of prisoners has undergone no change since my last report.
PERSONS AWAITING TRIAL.
19. Persons awaiting trial, together with debtors, destitutes and deportees were transferred from Stanley to Victoria Remand Prison, adjoining the Magistrates' courts in Hong Kong, on the 15th October. No persons awaiting trial, except those on a capital charge, are now sent to Stanley.
20. The following is a brief report of the work of the Remand Prison from 16.10.39 to 31.12.39. :———
(1) Admittances
515 Remands
51 Deportees
6 Debtors
2 Destitutes
Total
(2) Percentage of Remands convicted=63.69
(3) Daily average muster=88.
574
(4) Prison punishments = 2.
(5) Visits:-by friends and relatives
618
by solicitors
97
Police enquiries
14
Total
729
L 6
21. The opening of Victoria Remand Prison has been a distinct success and has also released badly needed accommodation in the Hong Kong Prison at Stanley.
YOUNG OFFENDERS AND AFTER CARE.
22. The position with regard to young offenders and after care has undergone no change since my last report.
PRISON PUNISHMENTS.
23. The following table shows the number of offences committed during 1939 by prisoners against prison discipline and the consequent punishments which were awarded:-
Punishment.
Offenders.
Corporal punishment (with cane)
5
Close confinement
Nil
Dietary punishment
494
Dietary punishment with loss of remission
225
Loss of remission
163
Reduction in class
4
Reprimand
Nil
24.
NEW BUILDINGS.
The following works were done by contract during the year :--
(1) The building of a second storey over the main dormitory and reception
block at Lai Chi Kok Female Prison-completed.
This has doubled the accommodation for convicted female prisoners. and enabled remands and new admissions to be kept separate from the rest of the prisoners until they have been passed by the Medical Officer.
(2) The erection of a wall, wire fences, and necessary grille gates within the Hong Kong Prison, Stanley, to effect the division of the prison into two sections-completed.
(3) The construction of a second septic tank for the Hong Kong Prison,
Stanley, completed.
(4) The renovation of a portion of the old Victoria Gaol and conversion of one floor from cells to living quarters for Indian Warders to make the Victoria Remand Prison-completed.
(5) The building of an Isolation Block for leper prisoners outside the
Hong Kong Prison, Stanley-still under construction.
(6) Various minor works within the Hong Kong Prison. Stanley, the most important of which was the alteration of the old Assembly Hall to convert it into the present Tailors Shop.
.
L 7 -
FINANCIAL.
25.
The total cost of each prisoner for the year (average) was $302.91.
The cost of feeding each prisoner for the year (average) was $62.89.
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1938 AND 1939.
Head of Revenue collected by Prisons Department.
Fees of Court and Office.
Prisoners Subsistence
Prison Industries
Total
1938.
1939.
$4,029.00
$1,972.00
4.484.96
5,720.20
>
$8,513.96
$7,692.20
Table II.
COMPARISON OF EXPENDITURE FOR 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
Personal Emoluments
$514,345.93
$534,874.89
Other Charges
389,158.40
354,887.00
Special Expenditure
5,359.38
30,483.80
Total Prisons Department
$908,863.71
$920,245.69
26th February, 1940.
J. L. WILLCOCKS,
Commissioner of Prisons
Hong Kong.
L 8
Appendix.
ANNUAL REPORTS OF MEDICAL OFFICERS.
MEDICAL.
The following is the report of the resident Medical Officer, Hong Kong Prison for 1939-
Dr. G. I. Shaw carried out the duties of Medical Officer till 4.8.39. when he went on home leave. He was relieved by Dr. A. H. Barwell.
2. Total admissions to Hong Kong Prison, Stanley during 1939 were 11,964. Of these 824 were 50 years of age and over,
3. Total admissions to the Prison Hospital during the year were 2,467, daily average of hospital patients being 46.96. This figure does not include patients kept under observation in "G" Block, now attached to the hospital.
4. Total number of prisoners reporting sick was 16,772, making a daily average of 54.1.
5. Total number of prisoners on outdoor treatment during the year was 38,856. These prisoners attended hospital twice daily for treatment making a daily average
of 212.9.
6. On admittance to prison 204 prisoners were directly admitted to hospital, 2,174 placed untasked in cell, and 1,816 on half-labour.
7. The following were the principal diseases prisoners were suffering from on admittance to prison :-
Chronic Tuberculosis
Chronic Opium Poisoning
Heroin
Scabies
Venereal Disease
Hernia
Tinea
Myocarditis
572
2.720
1.020
2.171
360
136
151
123
8. During the year there were 63 deaths. Twenty of these were caused by pulmonary tuberculosis.
9. The following transfers took place during the year-
To Queen Mary Hospital
To Mental Hospital
To Infectious Diseases Hospital
12
7
2
10. 7 prisoners were released on medical grounds suffering from leprosy. On completion of the Isolation Block (at present under construction) leper prisoners will be isolated and treated as prisoners until termination of their sentence before being sent to a suitable institution, if required.
11. Only one case of cholera was reported to the Health Department. There were 610 cases of other infectious diseases also reported, mostly T.B. and dysentery.
L 9
12. 596 inoculations against cholera were carried out on officers and families and 10,478 on prisoners from May to December 1st 1939.
13. 12,553 prisoners were vaccinated during the year.
14. 160 operations were performed during the year comprising: hernia, hydrocele, circumcision, haemorrhoids and removal of cysts, etc.
15. 559 Officers (inclusive of office staff) reported sick and were seen by the Medical Officer.
16. 883 Officers' wives, children and Chinese Government servants were seen by the Medical Officer in his consulting rooms. An Indian Lady M. O. attends every Tuesday afternoon to see gynaecological and other cases.
17. Fairly intensive treatment of veneral diseases has been carried out during the year.
Prisoners whose sentence did not permit a full course, i.e. under 2 months, were treated (in the event of gonorrhoea) with irrigations and injections of gonocrine and in some cases streptocide was given, and in the case of syphilis and chancroid were given local treatment and advised to attend a Government Clinic on discharge from prison.
622 cases of venereal diseases were treated, this number does not include cases where sentence has been too short for full treatment.
1,165 injections of acriflavine derivative were given.
1,460 injections of N.A.B.
148 injections of Bismuth Metal.
263 Bloods were sent to B.I. for W. R.
18. 75 Post-mortem examinations were carried out during the year by our own staff.
19. The following examinations were carried out in the Prison Hospital during, the year.
3,567 Stools for Dysentery, Ova etc.
2,476 Blood slides for Malaria.
176 Sputums for T.B.
366 others for "B" Leprae = Pus cells, cocci etc.
26 Blood counts were carried out.
20. 352 floggings were witnessed during the year.
21. During
During the
the year
satisfactorily.
there were 11 executions which were carried out
This tank
22. Sanitation. As in previous years the precincts of the Gaol have been kept scrupulously clean. A new septic tank has been built adjoining the main tank of the prison-this was completed in the middle of December. should be of great service, as the main septic tank was previously built to serve 1,500 men whereas it had been serving almost 3,000 men until recently, and had been occasionally going out of action. Routine examinations of prisoners employed in the cookhouse were carried out. Of the total of 132 examinations 23 were found to be unfit to be employed.
L 10
23. Public Health. There have been no cases of malaria during the year amongst the Prison Staff and their families. The general health of the Prison Staff has been good.
The overcrowding in the Gaol remains the same as stated in last year's report; i.e. approximately 3,000 inmates which is twice the number for which the gaol is designed.
A. H. BARWELL,
M. O. Hong Kong Prison,
Stanley.
The following is the report of the Medical Officer, Lai Chi Kok Prison, for 1939 :-
1. Three Chinese Medical Officers of the Lai Chi Kok Hospital performed the duties of medical officer during the year under review.
2. The total number of female prisoners admitted was 1,428.
3. The admission to hospital was 200, a decrease of 33 over that of 1938, the daily average consequently falling to 4.51 as compared with 5.47 of 1938.
4. There was no death in this year.
5. All prisoners were vaccinated and inoculated against Cholera during the Cholera epidemic.
No. of vaccinations
No. of inoculations
.1,066.
.1,212.
T. J. HUA,
Medical Officer,
Female Prison, Lai Chi Kok.
THE
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COLONY OF HONG KONG
MEDICAL facilities Map
REFERENCE
LOK MA CHAU
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SHEUNG SHUI
Govt. HOSPITALS
NAVAL HOSPITALS
MILITARY HOSPITALS
CHINESE HOSPITALS
PRIVATE HOSPITALS
Govt. DISPENSARIES
CHINESE PUBLIC DispensariES
8 ST. JOHN AMBULANCE BRIGADE DISPENSARIES
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I ADMINISTRATION:-
(A) Staff:-
i
INDEX.
Contents.
Page.
(a) Administrative Division
(b) Medical Division
(c) Health Division
(d) Laboratory Division
(B) Ordinances affecting the Public Health:-
(a) Ordinances
(b) Rules, Regulations and By-laws
(C) Finance
II PUBLIC HEALTH:-
(A) General Remarks:-
(a) Refugees
(b) Malnutrition
(c) Housing and overcrowding
(d) Epidemic diseases
(i) Smallpox
1
2
ཌ།
2
ཉར
3
3
4
10
10
11
(ii) Cholera
11
(iii) Cerebro-spinal meningitis
11
(iv) Tuberculosis
16
(e) Hospitals
16
(f) Special war measures
17
(g) Miscellaneous items
17
(h) Social hygiene
17
(i) Co-operation with the Hong Kong University and
private practitioners
17
(B) Vital Statistics:-
(a) Population
(b) Births
(c) Deaths
18
18
18
(d) Infant mortality rate
18
(e) Morbidity and mortality rates for European officers ...
19
ii
INDEX,-(contd.)
Page.
· 20
20
20
20
222
20
21
21
21
223
Contents.
III HYGIENE AND SANITATION:-
(A) GENERAL REVIEW OF WORK DONE AND PROGRESS MADE:-
(I) Preventive measures-
(a) Mosquito and insect-borne diseases:-
(i) Malaria
(ii) Yellow fever
(iii) Filariasis
(b) Epidemic diseases:-
(i) Plague
(ii) Cholera
(iii) Smallpox
(c) Other diseases:--
(i) Leprosy
(ii) Tuberculosis
(d) Helminthic diseases.
(e) Seasonal prevalence of diseases
(II) General measures of sanitation-
(a) Sewage
(b) Refuse disposal
(c) Drainage
(d) Water supplies
(e) Domiciliary visiting and inspections
(f) Offensive trades
(III) School hygiene
(IV) Labour conditions
(V) Housing and town planning
23
+
22
23
23
23
24
≈≈ ≈ ≈ 2 2 2 2 39
22
25
25
(VI) Food in relation to health and disease.
26
(B) MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOWLEDGE OF
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
29
(C) TRAINING OF SANITARY PERSONNEL
29
(D) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK
29
+
111
INDEX,-(contd.)
Contents.
IV PORT HEALTH WORK AND ADMINISTRATION
V MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE
VI HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES AND SOCIAL HYGIENE
Page.
31
32
CLINICS:-
(A) Queen Mary Hospital
35
37
(B) Kowloon Hospital-
(a) Anaesthetics
40
(b) Radiology, electro-therapeutics and massage
41
(C) Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital
43
(D) Infectious Diseases Hospital
44
(E) Social Hygiene Centres
45
(F) Dispensaries and health activities in the New Territories
46
(G) Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries
49
(H) Lai Chi Kok (Relief) Hospital
53
53
(I) Leper Settlement
VII PRISONS AND MENTAL HOSPITAL:-
(A) Prisons
(B) Mental Hospital
VIII METEOROLOGY
55
55
56
IX SCIENTIFIC:-
(A) Report of the Bacteriological Institute
58
(B) Report of the Malaria Bureau
66
(C) Report of the Analytical Laboratory
73
(D) Report of the University Professorial Units:-
A
(a) Medical Unit
80
(b) Surgical Unit
87
(c) Obstetrical and Gynaecological Unit
88
APPENDICES
92
ANNUAL MEDICAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1939.
I. ADMINISTRATION,
A
(A.) STAFF Medical, Health and Laboratory Divisions.
(a) Administrative Division.
Appointment.
Deputy director health services: Dr. N. C. Macleod.
(b) Medical Division.
(i) Appointments.
European.
Medical officers: Dr. S. Tomlinson, Dr. L. J. Honeywill, Dr. A. H.
Barwell.
Masseuse: Miss A.M.M.E. Halliday.
X-Ray Sister:
(Temporary) Mrs. G. Weir.
Nursing sisters: Miss E. E. Chart, Miss A. M. Harrington, Miss E. M. Hill, Miss V. E. Lyne, Miss B. L. Willcox, Miss D. M. Evans, (Temporary) Mrs. S. G. Merriman, Mrs. C. Godfrey.
Local.
Medical officers: Dr. E. L. Gosano,
(Temporary) Dr. L. Tillinger.
Asiatic.
Medical officers: Dr. H. H. Tai, Dr. H. S. Tai,
(Temporary) Dr. Teng Pin Hui, Dr. E. S. Tai, Dr. Woo Wei Chuan, Dr. Hua Tse Jen, Dr. Ong Ewe Hin.
(ii) Promotions.
Matron: Miss M. A. Wilson.
Senior nursing sisters:
European.
Miss E. Riley, Miss D. Robinson, Miss A. I. Smith, Miss K. E. Gordon, Miss A. S. Rogers, Miss C'. B. Robinson, Miss A. Williams, Miss N. Chandler.
(iii) Retirements and Resignations.
Medical officer: Dr. L. J. Honeywill (died on 17th September, 1939).
Senior nursing sister: Miss E. C. Maclaren.
X-Ray Sister Miss G. Waugh.
M 2
Nursing sisters: Miss C. C. Denley, Miss H. E. Gray, Miss S. M. Harper, Miss C. McNevin, Miss K. A. Milne, Miss M. K. Murray,
Miss D. E. Purtill, Miss A. M. Thomas, Miss M. S. Thompson, Miss M. West.
Assistant attendant: Mr. C. W. Haynes.
(c) Health Division.
(i) Appointments.
European.
Tun.
Lady medical officer: Dr. (Mrs.) L. Fehily.
School sanitary inspector: Mr. W. C. Walker.
Port health inspector: Mr. E. Maxwell-Holroyd.
Asiatic.
Lady medical officer: Dr. (Miss) Ko Kit Tak.
Secretary to the Nutrition Research Committee (Temporary): Mr. Liu Kuang
(ii) Retirements and Resignations.
Lady medical officers: Dr. (Mrs.) L. O. Hunter, Dr. (Mrs.) A. F. Stout.
(d) Laboratory Division.
Appointment.
Local assistant bacteriologist: Dr. R. E. Alvares.
(B) ORDINANCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH.
The following is a list of Ordinances, Rules, Regulations, By-laws and Government Notifications affecting public health or medical matters which were enacted, made or published during 1939:-
(a) Ordinances.
(i) Asiatic Emigration Amendment, 1939.
(ii) Criminal Procedure Amendment, 1939.
(iii) Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Amendment, 1939.
(iv) Town Planning, 1939.
(v) Births and Deaths Registration, 1939.
(vi) Urban Council Amendment, 1939.
(vii) Prevention of Eviction, 1939.
A
M 3
(b) Rules, Regulations and By-laws.
(i) Public Health (Food). (Order regarding the enforcement of the by-laws relating to the pasteurization and sale of milk).
(ii) Public Health (Food). (Amendment of by-laws re markets
and market stalls in the Schedule to the Ordinance).
(iii) Public Health (Food). (Amendment of by-laws re sale of milk
generally and dairies and milk shops).
(iv) Quarantine and Prevention of Disease.
as an infectious disease).
(Tuberculosis declared
(v) Quarantine and Prevention of Disease.
on Departure) Regulations).
(Quarantine (Measures
(Quarantine (Measures
(vi) Quarantine and Prevention of Disease.
on Arrival) Regulations).
(vii) Pharmacy and Poisons. (Regulations for appointment of exa- miners for the purpose of chemists and druggists qualifying examination).
(viii) Pharmacy and Poisons.
(Regulations (Poisons)).
(Amendment of Regulations
(ix) Adulterated Food and Drugs.
(C) FINANCE.
made thereunder).
As may be seen in Table I total expenditure (excluding such items as cost of repairs to buildings, water supply, etc.) and revenue showed increases in 1939 over 1938 figures.
Table I.
Expenditure.
Year.
Revenue.
Ordinary recurrent.
Special.
Total.
Increase....
Decrease...
1938.... $2,218,236.61 1939.... $2,445,877.14
$227,640.53
$189,111.31
$2,407,347.92 $431,034.17
$40,721.67
$2,486,598.81 $466,054.72
$79,250.89 $35,020.55
$148,389.64
The increase in expenditure was caused by the expansion of medical and health services and the larger number of patients due to the influx of refugees.
On the introduction of an official form of certificate for cholera and vaccination, revenue showed an increase of some $54,500.00. Following the appointment of an almoner a further increase of nearly $10,000.00 was recorded for fees for medical treatment in hospitals. As against these outstanding increases there was a decrease of some $37,493.60 for fees charged for medical examinations of emigrants owing to restrictions being enforced on the quota of emigrants to the Straits Settlements.
M 4
To obtain more accurate figures of public health expenditure items such as water and drainage works, Urban Council cleansing services, etc., have been included in the following table of expenditure:-
Table II.
Motor ambulance service
28,360.84
Police Department
Public Works Department
Sanitary (Urban Council) Department
•
Subsidies to charities
Medical Department
407.50
1,182,597.23
1,183,030.29
1,172,545.97
2,486,598.81
$6,053,540.64
The total revenue for the Colony from all sources in 1939 was $41,478,052.24 and the expenditure on medical services therefore formed 14.59 per centum of the general revenue as compared with 14.66 per centum in 1938.
(a) Refugees.
II. PUBLIC HEALTH.
(A) General Remarks.
The state of public health in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1939 was conditioned principally by the refugee factor. The extension of the Sino- Japanese conflict culminating in the landing at Bias Bay in October, 1938, the capture of Canton in November and mopping-up operations in Kwangtung close to the Colony's frontier led to a great increase in the number of refugees who sought shelter in Hong Kong.
2. Accurate figures are only available in respect of arrivals and departures by rail-a method of communication which ceased after the Japanese landing in Kwangtung and by recognized steamship lines; hence, it is difficult to indicate even approximately the balance of immigration over emigration during 1939.
3. All that can be said is that the surplus of arrivals over departures by the methods named above in 1938 amounted to 188,039.
4. At the end of 1939, the corresponding figure was about a further 73,000 making approximately 261,600 by these routes for the twenty-four months ended 31st of December, 1939. The peak was reached at the beginning of July, 1939, when arrivals over departures by recognized steamship lines amounted to 327,833. Thereafter, the figure diminished somewhat with the threat of extension of hostilities to Hong Kong itself and a blockade of the land frontiers in July, August and September.
"
+
A
A
"
Hong Kong Government Refugee Camps on
Kwangtung-New Territories Border.
Living Huts and Dormitories at Pat Heung Camp
Railway trucks used as temporary shelters for refugees
at Cha Hang and Fan Ling
!
>
•
M 7
5. It is hardly necessary to point out that refugees arrived in large numbers by other routes than those named. For example, in the bombing and mopping-up operations by the Japanese on the frontier (and, accidentally, in British territory) on the 21st of February, 1939, it was estimated that upwards of 50,000 refugees came over on foot and sought shelter in the Government camps and villages in British territory.>
6. Experienced statisticians estimated the population as +10% of 2,000,000 at June, 1939. By extrapolation methods the normal population at that period was just over a million, consequently, the Colony was called upon to find food and shelter for almost double its normal population.
7. The main portion of the burden of caring for refugees who were without means was borne by Government, the Medical Department being entrusted with the planning and operation of the refugee camps. The Department received valuable assistance from certain charitable bodies in the form of clothes, blankets, educational materials, etc. \
8. Apart from three semi-permanent urban camps capable of holding rather over 5,000, five rural camps were established with a capacity for about 10,000 persons. Actually, the maximum number of persons cared for by the Medical Department in the camps at any one time during 1939 was 12,297 (in April, 1939). The main object behind these camps was to provide shelter, food, medical, welfare and educational services and clothing, and to encourage the inmates to carry on industrial and agricultural work until arrangements could be made for their repatriation to relatively safe parts of China not directly involved in hostilities.
9. In many instances, refugees were assisted by free passages and small com- passionate grants from Government to return to their homes or to places in unoccupied China.
10. During August, when the possibility of extension of hostilities to the Colony was manifest, every effort was made to persuade the occupants of the Government refugee camps to make their way back to China and the total in the camps fell to 7,379. The wave of refugees definitely receded during the second half of the year and the surplus of emigrants over immigrants by recognized shipping lines amounted to 72,570 for the year 1939. There were two main reasons for this partial exodus. Firstly, those with funds decided that they and their families might be better placed to meet any clash in the Philippines, French Indo-China or Macao; secondly, others in receipt of salaries paid in National currency were no longer able to meet the combination of the fall in the National dollar and the rise in the cost of living.
11.
When the problem of refugees is under consideration it is necessary to recall that there are several main classes. A relatively small group with financial backing who have transferred their commercial interests from occupied China to this Colony. Several hundred factories, workshops, printing presses and the like have been established in Hong Kong by such persons since July, 1937.
12. A larger group consists of those artisans, small merchants and others who have managed to save their tools, some of their stock in trade and a portion of their savings and are able to maintain themselves at least for a time and, later, if they fail to make good, have to fall back on relief.
13. The third and by far the largest group are those with little if any savings which are rapidly exhausted. Members of the third group become destitute and are forced to sleep on the pavements until a Medical Department ambulance collects them from the streets and takes them to one of the Government camps under the supervision of the Medical Department.
MS
14. Before leaving the subject, it might be of interest to mention two ancillary matters.
15. Firstly, during mopping-up operations by the Japanese Army on the frontier in November, 1938, a number of Chinese soldiers sought safety in the Colony and were interned, first on board ship and later in a portion of a camp built by Government for refugees and destitutes. During the year Government received, from the Chinese Government through the Director of Medical Services, a gift of H.K. $80,000 towards the cost of a new camp for these interned sodiers in order to release the first-mentioned camp for civilian use. At the end of 1939, 740 remaining out of the original 1,213 interned were transferred to the new camp completed at a total cost of about H.K.$120,000-one third of the cost being borne by the Hong Kong Government. The balance of the men had been released, had escaped or had died during the year.
Secondly, at the commencement of the European War in September, 1939, a number of enemy aliens living in Hong Kong were interned in an institution used for educational purposes. By the end of 1939 the numbers of such interned had fallen to below thirty as the result of releases to employers in Hong Kong and elsewhere well able to vouch for the persons concerned.
(b) Malnutrition.
16. The flooding of the urban market by refugees and the very heavy demand on accommodation with consequent high rentals for tenements, cubicles and even bed spaces, have resulted in a considerable reduction in the proportion of wages available for the purchase of food. Combined with ignorance of the right quality or quantity of food to be consumed, this gives rise to a serious incidence of malnutrition amongst the poorer sections of the population. This is especially noticeable in the young mother after she has delivered. Over 200 beds in one hospital of 300 beds had to be devoted to the treatment of beri beri alone.
17. Just as in the case of the refugees, Government furnished shelter for many thousands, so in the case of the hungry it also provided several hundred thousand meals at camps and welfare centres during the year. Assistance was given in regard to free meals by certain voluntary organizations, notably the Hong Kong Refugee & Social Welfare Council and Hong Kong Red Swastika Society.)
18. One of the avowed aims of the Nutrition Research Committee (newly constituted under the chairmanship of the director of medical services) was to devise an economic but satisfactory dietary within the means of even the poorer class and to bring this to the notice of those concerned through the medium of the Chinese press and the radio.
19. Using the Government camps as experimental fields and keeping a careful check on the health and weights of the occupants, the Medical Department was able to introduce an adequately balanced diet costing 11.3 cents per day for those over seven years and 8.2 cents per day for those up to seven years of age (11.3 cents is equal to rather less than 1åd). For details of dietary see Appendix I (b).
(c) Housing and Overcrowding.
20. Next after malnutrition, the most serious problem which Hong Kong had to face in 1939 was shortage of housing and dangerous overcrowding.
21. It has already been pointed out that the population of the Colony has almost doubled as the result of the influx of refugees since the start of the Sino-Japanese Incident in July, 1937.
.4
North Point Government Refugee Camp
Birds-eye view of camp, with Hospital Hut in centre
વિક્રમ ઠાકો
Hospital Hut-Children's Ward
Bed time in the Living Hut
Children's meal time in the Dining Hut
M 11
22. Building operations have been actively undertaken but have affected better class residences, factories, workshops and the like rather than tenements. In consequence, there has been a dearth of accommodation for the lower ranks of society and many thousands-including women and children-were driven to sleeping out on the street pavements until room was found for them in the Government
camps.
23. Concurrently, there has been a spate of building of unauthorized, matshed hovels, without any pretence of alignment, without fire-breaks, drainage, sanitary arrangements, and so on. To curb these measures which bid fair to destroy the amenities of the Colony, apart from giving rise to a very definite health danger, steps were taken during the year to set aside sites on the Island and on the mainland where temporary matshed camps could be built on approved lines. Here, those in need of shelter and able to erect it, could do so in proper alignment with fire-breaks, under the supervision of the Medical Department, water and sanitary services being supplied free on a communal basis. Some measure of protection against exploitation of certain sections of the community (not the tenement dweller, however,) was afforded by the Prevention of Eviction Ordinance which Government decided to continue in force for another period of a year.
24. Taking a long view of the housing and town-planning problem, Govern- ment appointed a Town Planning Board in June, 1939, with powers to advise on such matters as zoning, town-planning and housing. It is feared that the inter- vention of the war in Europe and the doubt regarding the financial situation are likely to affect the activities of the Board somewhat adversely for the time being.
(d) Epidemic diseases.
25. (i) Smallpox. (The arrival in Hong Kong of large numbers of under- nourished refugees from war areas where a complete disruption of health services had occurred and epidemic disease was rife had obvious repercussions locally, although all possible measures were taken to prevent the spread of infection so introduced. The vaccination campaign which had been placed on a compulsory footing during the grave epidemic of 1938 was pressed vigorously during 1939. Only 198 cases and 153 deaths from smallpox were recorded (a case mortality of 77%) as compared with 2,327 cases and 1,833 deaths in 1938. Some 1,125,871 anti-smallpox vaccinations were carried out in 1939, the services of the majority of the temporary staff recruited in 1938 being retained for the purpose?
26. (ii) Cholera. Cholera reappeared in May, 1939, and special measures were introduced to ensure that passengers leaving Hong Kong for certain ports were in possession of certificates of having received anti-cholera inoculation during the previous five months and not less than six days prior to embarkation.
27. (Extensive use was made of propaganda. An additional measure introduced to Hong Kong for the first time was the distribution of hundreds of coloured posters kindly drawn by a local artists' guild, depicting the disease in all its stages, and calculated to be clear to the dullest of minds. One picture was so horribly realistic that a senior Government official craved its removal from hist office doorway because, to use his own words, he "couldn't face it". In spite of all these efforts on the part of the health authorities the epidemic mounted gradually until it reached its peak in the last week of June during which 100 cases were recorded, with a second peak in the month of August. The epidemic waned towards the latter part of the year, the first "nil" return being rendered for the week ending November 25th. The total number of cases recorded was 708, and deaths 448, as compared with 547 cases and 363 deaths in 1938. The number of anti-cholera inoculations performed at Government hospitals and dispen- saries and at several special centres opened for the purpose amounted to 320,748. >
(iii) Cerebro-spinal meningitis. As might be anticipated, the increase of the normal population of a single floor of a tenement building from fifteen to twenty to as much as sixty tended to aggravate the situation in so far as concerns cerebro-spinal meningitis.
28.
100
200
Cases Deaths
7
2
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
223
167
29
20
5
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869
519
51
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409
304
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99
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12
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8
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June.
8
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3
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July.
7 7
SMALLPOX
12
12
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June.
8
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July.
Aug.
7
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Oct.
Nov.
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M 15
TUBERCULOSIS.
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M 15
shows the No. of cases, 1939.
shows the No. of deaths, 1937, 1938,
and 1939.
M 16
29. During 1939, 488 cases and 214 deaths were recorded, a case mortality of 44%. This compares with 483 cases, 223 deaths and a case mortality of 46% in 1938. A certain amount of success was obtained from the exhibition of drugs of the sulphanilamide group in such patients, although those receiving the drug and serum appeared to do better than those on the former alone.
30. (iv) Tuberculosis. More serious than any of the three acute infectious diseases mentioned above was the incidence of tuberculosis. This constituted a major killing disease in 1939 and was responsible for 4,443 deaths or 9.2 per centum of all deaths registered. Active measures were taken to combat the disease. Compulsory notification of cases was introduced in January, 1939, and by the end of the year some 7,591 cases had been reported to the health authorities. Pasteurization of milk became compulsory in April, 1939, and bacteriological standards for pasteurized milk were introduced in December, 1939.
31. An anti-tuberculosis campaign was started in the Chinese and English press and on the radio at the end of the year to rouse public interest in the cause and prevention of the disease.
(e) Hospitals.
32. The very heavy increase in the population from the advent of refugees, many ill-nourished and diseased, from devastated areas threw a serious burden on hospital accommodation.
33. The Chinese hospitals in particular became seriously overcrowded and had to accommodate twice their official number of in-patients. In one of the three main hospitals temporary straw matsheds had to be erected to accommodate over 200 beds to deal in part with the heavy burden thrown upon this institution. Out-patient facilities also suffered from lack of space and staff and this resulted in rather long delays before patients were attended and in the staff being able to devote but little time to individual patients. Full use was, of course, made of the services of registered medical practitioners who volunteered to work in an honorary capacity.
34. The Technical Committee for the reorganization and improvement of existing official hospital and clinical facilities appointed by His Excellency Sir Geoffry Northcote on the 13th of May, 1938, under the chairmanship of the director of medical services concluded their deliberations on the 1st of May, 1939, and submitted their report. Details of the findings and recommendations of this Committee are given in Appendix II.
35. The Committee's inquiries ranged over the whole field of the public health question, hospitalization facilities and requirements, laboratory facilities, medical, education and co-operation between the Government Medical Department and private medical practitioners. The findings and recommendations contained in this report have received the careful consideration of Government and have recently formed the subject of a despatch to the Secretary of State for the Colonies.
36. An important step was taken in connexion with the control of the three large Chinese hospitals in Hong Kong during the year by the appointment of a medical committee under the chairmanship of the director of medical services.
Hitherto, the hopitals had been operated by a lay body of Chinese directors-- mostly busy business men with little time to devote to such matters.
The need for very much larger financial assistance* from Government served as a means of introducing a certain measure of control by the Committee referred to above. Generally speaking, the first year of the committee's work showed satisfactory progress and solid foundations were laid which will, it is believed, have a very real ameliorative effect on the care of the sick poor.
*The Government subvention to the Tung Wah Hospital in 1939 amounted to $400,000.
M 17
(f) Special war measures.
37.
Mention should be made of the scheme for the medical defence of the Colony which was brought up to date during 1939. This involved the planning of first aid posts, casualty clearing and relief hospitals, the recruitment and training of personnel and the collecting of ambulances, stretchers, instruments, dressings, and so on. Under the Compulsory Service Ordinance, 1939, some 1,225 British subjects were medically examined for the purpose of the Ordinance. The tabulated results are as follows:-
A
Age group.
Total Fit for general
service.
Table III.
B
Fit for duties on
lines of com-
munication
including guards.
C
Fit for sedentary duty only.
D Unfit for
service.
18-41 727
527
72.49
98
13.48
83
11.42
19 2.61
42-55 498 238
47.79
84
16.87
164
32.93 12 2.41
1,225
765
62.45
182
14.86
247
20.16 31 2.53
This compares with the following figures published in relation to similar examinations for the Militia in the United Kingdom in the summer of 1939 :-
Table IV.
Total
Grade I.
Grade II.
Grade III,
Grade IV.
49,586 41,297 83.3 4,553 9.2
2,443 4.9
1,293 2.6
A voluntary blood donor system was inaugurated in readiness for eventualities and a very satisfactory response was obtained to an appeal for donors-chiefly from members of the European community.
(g) Miscellaneous items.
38. A deputy director of health services was appointed at the end of 1939. This brings a stage nearer the much needed reorganization of the Health Division. of the Medical Department, particularly vis à vis the sanitary inspectorate which has been independent of the health authorities so far.
(h) Social hygiene.
39. An important report was drawn up early in 1939 by a committee under the chairmanship of the Crown Counsel (Mr. M. J. Abbott). Inter alia, the committee recommended additional clinical facilities for the treatment of prostitutes. It is hoped to develop these in 1940 by an expansion of the staff of the Social Hygiene Sub-division of the Medical Department, by the opening of new centres and by domiciliary visits by trained health visitors.
(i) Co-operation with the Hong Kong University and private practitioners.
40. Further links were forged in the chain joining up the Medical Department and the Hong Kong University and local medical practitioners, to the mutual benefit of all concerned and of the community at large. Sir Richard Needham's report to the General Medical Council following his visit to Hong Kong speaks in favourable terms of this satisfactory relationship.
M 18
(B) Vital Statistics.
41. The report of the registrar-general of births and deaths which forms Appendix C to the main report should be consulted by those desiring detailed information on the subject.
(a) Population.
42. Briefly, the population at mid-year 1939 calculated by extrapolation methods was 1,050,256 of whom only 23,611 were non-Chinese. This figure takes no account of the refugee element and a more accurate estimate would bring the total on the 30th of June, 1939, to approximately 1,750,256.
(b) Births.
43. As might be expected, the very considerable increase in the population of the Colony was reflected in the number of births registered.
44. In 1925, birth registrations amounted to 3,654. In 1932, when the Medical Department assumed responsibility for registration, the figure rose to 13,597. In the year 1936 which preceded the outbreak of the present Sino-Japanese hostilities 27,383 births were recorded.
The figures for 1937, 1938 and 1939 are tabulated below:-
1937.
32,303
Table V.
1938.
35,893
1939.
46,625
46. The crude, uncorrected birth-rate was 44.4 per thousand of the population estimated by extrapolation and 26.7* per thousand on a basis of normal population taken together with the refugee element.
(c) Deaths.
47. In 1925 and 1932, deaths numbered 14,991 and 19,829 respectively. In 1936, 26,356 deaths were registered. In the following three years the numbers were as in the table:
1937.
34,651
Table VI.
1938.
38,847
1939.
48,317
48. The crude, uncorrected death rate was 46 or 27.6† according as to whether the refugee element in the population is excluded or included in the figure for the population as a whole.
39. The large number of burials resulted in a rapid exhaustion of cemetery space within the urban area and two avenues were investigated during 1939 in an effort to deal with the problem; firstly, sites for new burial grounds were surveyed outside the urban area near Fanling in the New Territories, and, secondly, trials were made on a small scale of the cremation of abandoned bodies of persons dying of smallpox, cholera and other dangerous infectious diseases dumped in the street. (Apart from effecting an economy in land for burial, this measure should act as a deterrent against a reprehensible local custom).
(d) Infant mortality rate.
50. The cumulative effect of malnutrition, bad housing and overcrowding, and insanitary environment was clearly seen in the heavy loss of life in infants, 345 per thousand living births dying before attaining one year of age.
* 15.1 in England and Wales for 1938. 11.6 in England and Wales for 1938. 53. in England and Wales for 1938.
بنها
·
M 19
This rate compares with one of fifty-eight per thousand live births for the non-Chinese sections of the population.
(e) Morbidity and mortality rates for European officials.
51. The following table gives some indication of the somewhat better health enjoyed by European officials in 1939 as compared with that prevailing in the preceding years.
Table VII.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Total number of officials resident
940
1,042
1,093
Average number resident
918
833
871
Total number on sick list
453
435
392
Total number of days on sick list
6,134
7,367
5,643
Average daily number on sick list
17
20
15
Percentage of sick to average number
resident
49.%
52%
45%
Average number of days on sick list
for each patient
14
17
14
Average sick time (in days) to each
resident
7
7
5
Total number invalided
12
LO
5
7
Percentage of invalidings to total
residents
1.28%
0.48%
0.64%
Total deaths
3
5
5
Percentage of deaths to total residents
0.32%
0.48%
0.46%
Percentage of deaths to total average
number resident
0.33%
0.60%
0.57%
M 20
III.-HYGIENE AND SANITATION.
(A) General review of work done and progress made.
(I) Preventive measures.
(a) Mosquito and insect-borne diseases.
52. (i) Malaria. A report on the activities of the Malaria Bureau during 1939 is given under Section IX, Scientific.
53. The influence of the large number of refugees on the incidence of malaria in the Colony can be seen in the increase in the number of deaths from malaria, 1,492 as compared to 733 in 1938. The infection rate of twenty-five per centum amongst the inhabitants of one of the refugee camps gives ample proof of the danger of refugees as a source of infection for the local anopheles.)
53. The permanent canalization of 2,160 feet of streams in the vicinity of the Queen Mary Hospital, at a cost of $17,580, is an important measure towards safeguarding that locality. It must, however, be pointed out that the Colony's comparative freedom from malaria in the urban areas is due to temporary anti- malarial measures, such as draining of streams and regular oiling, carried out by the staff of the Malaria Bureau. Owing to critical times, uncertain finances and heavy costs permanent anti-malarial drainage can only be introduced gradually over a period of years.
55. (ii) Yellow fever. No case of this disease has been recorded nor can its introduction be regarded as likely to occur while the present stringent control measures are maintained.
56.
(iii) Filariasis. As in previous years the incidence of filariasis is negligible.
(b) Epidemic disease.
57. (i) Plague. No case of plague occurred during the year: Anti-rodent measures, such as systematic trapping and house cleansing were continued.
221,200 rats were trapped, 24,447 of them alive.
Spleen smears from a certain number were examined daily but in no case was P. pestis found.
58.
maintained.
Measures to prevent the introduction of plague from shipping were
59. An investigation of the local flea population, carried out by the Malaria Bureau, shows that, of 4,496 fleas examined, eighty-nine per centum were Xenop- sylla cheopis. Details are given in the malariologist's report (Section IX, Scientific).
60. (ii) Cholera. (In addition to what has been said about cholera in an earlier part of this report, it is of interest to note that thirty-four cases were imported from various districts in China. There is little doubt that the constant stream of immigrants to the Colony and the consequent overcrowding is largely, if not solely, responsible for the disease attaining epidemic proportions.
4
M 21
61. The pipe-borne water supply is filtered and chlorinated but one exposed service reservoir, referred to in last year's report, remains uncovered. An under- taking has been obtained that a start will be made on this essential work in 1940.
62. (iii) Smallpox. The epidemic, as happened last year, attained its peak in March. Despite the fact that vaccination is compulsory, and the strenuous efforts of the department to ensure that all babies are vaccinated soon after birth, it has to be admitted that the Chinese custom of postponing vaccination until the second year of a child's life is proving difficult to overcome. The result is that, as in 1938, the majority of smallpox victims in 1939 were babies and children under five years of age.
(c) Other diseases.
63. (i) Leprosy. As mentioned in the 1938 report Government acquired the former Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital for the accommodation of lepers. The buildings, which are in a dangerous and dilapidated condition, were declared a leper settlement early in 1939 and measures for the proper control and discipline of lepers were instituted. The settlement is now surrounded by a barbed wire fence which is patrolled by police. In this manner the annoyance previously caused in the town by wandering lepers has been overcome and the risk of spreading the disease is lessened.
64. It is of interest to note that, according to the Chinese traditional conception of leprosy, it is possible for lepers to sell their unfortunate disease to others" by sexual intercourse, total and partial cure being supposed to result in the case of females and males, respectively.
65. In order to maintain discipline and cleanliness in the settlement, two male and one female heads were chosen from the lepers and paid $5 each per month. This measure of self-government has proved very satisfactory in practice.
66. There is no doubt that, despite the poor buildings, lepers now live under conditions which are a great improvement on previous years. În addition to treat- ment, they are provided with beds and a properly balanced diet and their necessarily restricted and monotonous lives are brightened by indoor games, newspapers, magazines and a wireless receiving set.
67. The following table gives the figures for the settlement during 1939-
Table VIII.
Remaining from 1938
Admitted during 1939
133
295
Transferred to Sheklung, Swatow and Pakhoi ...... 165
Escaped
Died
Discharged
Remaining at end of 1939...
68. (ii) Tuberculosis.
67
21
3
172
Climatic, social and economic conditions all tend towards fostering this disease and the combination works only too well. The task of controlling and eradicating tuberculosis in the Colony presents a most difficult problem but. nevertheless, one which can be tackled sucessfully if approached in a spirit of
.....
>
M 22
patience and hopefulness combined with energy and tenacity. The present over- crowding resulting from the influx of large numbers of refugees seriously aggravates the situation and a major and essential step in the control of tuberculosis would be effected by the restoration of peaceful conditions in the Far East and the return of refugees to their homes in China.
69. The tragic need for sanatoria for "open" cases is more than ever a necessity in view of the overcrowded conditions already referred to.
70. Towards the end of the year steps were taken to introduce legislation to make spitting in public places an offence.
(d) Helminthic diseases.
71. Inspection of meat and foodstuffs, control of night-soil and refuse and a continued war against flies constitute the main prophylactic measures against helminthic diseases.
72. The war against flies was strengthened during 1939 by a ban on the use of raw manure in the urban areas. The use of manure rendered non-attractive to flies by processing is allowed.
(e) Seasonal prevalence of diseases.
73. The seasonal incidence of certain diseases is given in the histograms which show no change from previous years.
(a) Sewage disposal.
(II) General measures of sanitation.
74. There was no change during 1939 in the very unsatisfactory method_of sewage disposal in Hong Kong, but it is hoped that a committee appointed by His Excellency the Governor to investigate the position will be able to put forward acceptable proposals and that these will be carried out. The seriousness of the situation and the urgent need for improvement cannot be over-emphasized in a port of the importance of Hong Kong where the major enteric diseases are prevalent.
75. The shortage of water makes it impossible at present to extend the water- carriage system generally throughout Victoria and Kowloon. Where such a system is employed untreated sewage is discharged direct into the harbour, a method which is open to grave objection on hygienic grounds.
76. Where the bucket system is used, and a survey reveals that there are 65,000 bucket latrines, the onus for delivering night-soil to the removal contractor rests on the house-holder who has to employ a sweeper privately for the purpose. The danger to the public health from a system so vulnerable to carelessness and abuse is obvious and a conservancy organization under the direct control of the Urban Council, or perhaps delegated to a contractor of repute, is an urgent necessity.
(b) Refuse disposal.
77. An average of 552 tons of refuse is collected daily on twenty-four lorries, each lorry averaging ten trips and twenty-three tons of load daily. The fleet of lorries requires to be increased by fifty per centum in order to deal with the work expeditiously and to prevent the accumulation of garbage in open baskets and in the streets which is at present inevitable. The addition of 200 coolies to the cleansing staff during 1939 was a welcome step which is reflected in the increased cleanliness of the town.
78. Refuse is at present used for reclamation purposes but the question of adopting the Indore process of treatment, at least for part of it, is being investigated. Although the refuse has but little value for reclamation, it may well prove entirely useful as a fertilizer.
- M 23
(c) Drainage.
79. Permanent anti-malarial drainage costing $17,580 and general drainage costing $168,583 was carried out by the Public Works Department.
(d) Water supplies.
80. The enormous increase in the population severely taxed the supply during the year necessitating a reversion to the intermittent system.
The daily consumption of water per capita is surprisingly high, being approximately fifteen gallons based on an estimated population of 1,750,000.
81. Regular examination of the water supply showed that a satisfactory standard of purity was maintained.
(e) Domiciliary visiting and inspections.
82. This work was carried out by health officers and sanitary inspectors as in previous years. There was no change in the organization mentioned in last year's report whereby sanitary inspectors worked under the control of the chairman, Urban Council. But, with the arrival at the end of the year of a deputy director of health services, steps to reorganize the system were immediately taken and arrangements are now advanced for the transfer of the inspectorate to the Medical Department where, under the direct control of the health officers, they will be able more effectively to use their training and experience in the promotion of hygiene generally in the Colony.
83. In the urban areas there are 23,728 Chinese-type houses, most of them having three storeys.
229,385 floors were cleansed with kerosene oil emulsion during the year.
(f) Offensive trades.
84. During the year 187 premises were licensed for offensive trades in Kowloon and Hong Kong. The trades were as follows:-
Table IX.
1938.
1939.
Bone boiling and storing
20
20
Chromium plating
5
6
Cleaning and storing of shark's fins
27
26
Fat boiling and soap making
40
41
Feather drying, cleaning, sorting
14.
16
Hair drying, sorting
6
5
Lard boiling
2
2
Manganese crushing and battery manufacture
34
32
Packing of skins and hides
1
1
Pig roasting
23
21
Rag sorting and packing
10
.9
Resin boiling
Tanneries
2
2
6
CO
6
CO
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85. The making of lamp-black was added to the list of offensive trades but otherwise there is nothing to add to previous reports.
(III) School Hygiene.
86. The schools of the Colony are controlled by the Education Department, and may be grouped into three categories:-
Number of
Number of
schools.
pupils in
attendance.
(a) Government schools
21
4,705
(b) Schools in receipt of a grant from
Government
19
9,681
1,251
102,076
(e) Private schools subsidized and unaided
87. With few exceptions, the Government and grant schools are conducted in buildings specially planned for school purposes. Reports from health officers and from private practitioners show that these schools are generally satisfactory in matters of hygienic importance.
88. The vast majority of private schools are conducted in tenement flats or in buildings that were never intended to be used as schools, and most of them leave much to be desired from a health point of view. Children are taught at these schools from their earliest years of school life, or at a period when they are most likely to be affected by unhygienic circumstances. Plans to improve health standards will become effective in 1940 as the result of legislation enacted in 1939.
89. The school hygiene branch is advisory to the Education Department on matters relating to the health of school children. Its staff consists of one health officer, two Chinese health officers, one sanitary inspector (appointed in September) and five nurses. Two members of the medical staff and one nurse are engaged in other duties during part of each week, namely, the conduct of ophthalmic clinics at Government hospitals.
90. The main duty of the school hygiene branch is the inspection of premises proposed for school purposes: such inspections are followed by reports to the Education Department indicating whether premises are suitable or not, or stating the circumstances under which they ought to be registered as schools. During the latter part of the year, a number of visits were made to existing schools-the total number of inspections being 1,416.
Plans to include all existing schools in the system of inspection and report during 1940 are complete.
91. Legislation affecting the hygienic control of schools was revised during the year, and an improved set of health regulations became effective on the 1st of January, 1940. It will be applied by the Education Department to all new schools, and, as time goes on, to all existing schools.
92. The school hygiene branch undertakes the examination of scholars attending Government schools, and, where necessary, their care at general and special clinics. 5,887 examinations (including re-examinations and visual tests) were made during the year.
93. Dental disease forms the largest group of defects. Plans are in readiness for the establishment of a school dental service whenever funds permit.
94. Short-sight is next in frequency. A scheme for the care of myopes has been in existence for some years. All pupils attending Government schools are examined subjectively, and selected cases are examined by refraction, and, if necessary, provided with spectacles.
*
:
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95. Attendances at the school clinics were as follows:-
Table X.
Ellis Kadoorie general clinic
Violet Peel Health Centre
Yaumati general clinic
Special refraction clinic
Ear, nose and throat clinic
1,899
404
655
464
270
96. The nurses paid 204 visits to the homes of school children to advise parents about minor ailments.
97. 7,860 anti-cholera inoculations and 527 vaccinations against smallpox were carried out during the year.
98. Physical education has been greatly extended in the Government and is spreading among the vernacular schools.
In the Government schools, all postural defects are referred to the supervisor of physical training who makes every effort to give these cases special attention. A system of recording physical measurements three times in each session has been introduced.
99. The system of the teaching of hygiene adopted by private schools has been the subject of adverse criticism, and the education authorities are co-operating in the establishment of a modern system.
(IV) Labour conditions.
100. The conditions, referred to in last year's report, governing the employ- ment of labour in the New Territories, or by Government departments, were more generally adopted during 1939 but, otherwise, no improvement can, unfortunately, be reported nor can any substantial improvement be expected until some control over immigration from China is exercised and regulations covering the employment of labour are introduced. While labour employed by Government and firms of repute is generally well cared for it must be admitted that the majority of the Colony's working class exist under deplorable conditions at rates of pay which can hardly be regarded as a "living wage". As an example of the attitude adopted by many employers towards their labour, it may be recorded that recently a contractor, employing several hundred coolies, on being asked what the sick rate was amongst them replied that there was none as all sick coolies were dismised!
101. The introduction of a code to prevent exploitation of the cheap labour market to the detriment of the health of the Colony's working classes, is a matter of great urgency and it is hoped it will not be much longer delayed.
102. While it is difficult to form an accurate estimate of average wages and hours of work, it may be confidently stated that they follow generally the figures given in last year's report.
(V) Housing and town planning.
103. The conditions described in the 1938 report regarding housing and over- crowding continue unabated and no marked progress can be expected until more normal conditions are re-established and Hong Kong's population reverts to appro- ximately pre-"Incident" figures. While tenements are literally packed with human beings, who pay dearly for sleeping space, thousands sleep on the streets and in insanitary hovels on the outskirts of the towns. Those who are found to be destitute are removed to refugee camps and those of the hovel occupants who are self-supporting are being given an opportunity to build temporary houses to a modest standard, under the control of the Medical Department, on sites set aside for that purpose. Such squatters' camps will, of course, be demolished when normal conditions are restored.
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104. A Town Planning Committee was appointed in 1939 but no marked achievement can, as yet, be placed to its credit. It is hoped that progress will be made when the Colony's town planning expert returns from home leave in 1940.
105. Building is controlled by the Public Works Department and in the past the Health Division of the Medical Department was consulted about plans purely as a matter of courtesy and had no guarantee that its recommendations were adopted.
106. It is satisfactory to record that by the instructions of His Excellency the Governor, all plans of Government buildings must now have the approval of the deputy director of health services before building commences. An extension of this system to ensure reference of plans for private buildings to the health officers concerned is desirable.
107. The appended table gives details of improvements effected in connexion with housing during the year.
Table XI.
Nature of work.
No. in 1938.
No. in 1939.
By whom supervised.
1. Obstructions removed from
open spaces
1,109
2,520
Sanitary
Department.
2. Obstructions to light and
ventilation removed
1,936
1,946
do.
Public works
3. Houses demolished (domestic)
50
45
Department.
4. Houses demolished (non-domestic)
7
12
do.
5. Houses erected (domestic)
184
345
do.
6. Houses erected (non-domestic)
37
164
do.
7. Houses reconstructed (domestic)
184
121
do.
8. Houses reconstructed (non-domestic).
13
27
do.
(VI) Food in relation to health and disease.
108. The new Central Market in Victoria was completed and must be regarded as a sanitary measure of major importance..
Unfortunately, the menace from hawkers of foodstuffs continued but it is hoped to introduce legislation to control this trade during 1940.
109. The legislation enacted during the cholera epidemic last year is still in force nor can there be any prospect of its relaxation as long as present conditions continue.
110. Under the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance the following analyses were carried out during the year:-
-
Food or drug.
- M 27
Table XII.
No. of samples analysed.
No. found adulterated.
Butter
Cheese
Coffee
Fat
23
15
1
31
3
3
Milk (pasteurized)
34
Milk (condensed)
44
Milk (fresh)
154
3
Milk (unsweetened, evaporated)
35
Milk (dried)..
5
1
Peanut oil
18
1
Powder boracic acid
14
Powder quinine pills
2
2
Tea
58
8
436
19
111. The following foods were seized and destroyed:--
Fish
Fruit
Fruit juice
Tea
Vegetables
Foods.
Table XIII.
Weight.
31 lbs.
2 lbs.
201 pints
246 lbs.
312 lbs.
112.
Bread
Cereals
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The following foods were voluntarily surrendered and destroyed:—
Table XIV.
Foods.
Weight.
1
lb.
66 lbs.
Condiments
Confectionery
Cheese
Eggs
Fish
Flour
Fruit
Fruit juice
Meat
Milk (condensed, powder and evaporated)
Tea
Vegetables
95./1/8 lbs.
1,430 lbs.
240 lbs.
2 packets lbs.
1,100
670 lbs.
407 lbs.
1,637 lbs.
100 lbs.
6,527.1/16 lbs.
15,887 lbs.
1,120 lbs.
622 lbs.
113. While every endeavour has been made by the management of the large dairy farm near the Queen Mary Hospital to overcome the dangerous fly-nuisance, the situation referred to in last year's report, although improved, cannot be regarded as satisfactory. The presence of cattle, manure and feeding material almost inevitably attracts flies and leads to fly-breeding, and the removal of the dairy farm to a more suitable site appears to be the only solution of the problem. Such a site is now under consideration.
114. The amount of foodstuffs grown in the Colony is very small in comparision to requirements and, in order to explore the possibility of an increase, a special commissioner was appointed in 1939 to investigate the question of agricultural development in the New Territories. His report is now under consideration by Government.
115. There was a marked increase in the number of animals slaughtered at the abattoirs during 1939 as may be seen from the following table.
Table XV.
Cattle.
Sheep and goats.
Swine.
1938
78,277
15,657
510,297
1939
114,534
21,129
607,855
•
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116. The position in regard to food and deficiency diseases was under investigation during the year by the Nutrition Research Committee appointed in 1938. Its report for the year is given as Appendix I.
(B) Measures taken to spread the knowledge of hygiene and sanitation.
117. An improved system for the teaching of hygiene in schools was under the consideration of the Education Department and the School Hygiene Branch of the Medical Department towards the end of the year and it is hoped that modern methods of teaching this important subject will be introduced in 1940. This will apply especially to the private schools which have been open to criticism in this respect in the past.
118. Very useful work is being carried out in spreading knowledge of hygiene by the nurses from health centres who spend their afternoons visiting the homes of mothers and children and advising them on mothercraft and personal and domestic hygiene. Lectures and demonstrations are also given at the centres by medical officers and nurses. Midwives, also, in addition to their obstetric duties, are proving a valuable means of improving conditions in the homes of their patients.
119. Propaganda is carried out through broadcasting and the press and by means of pamphlets and posters.
Lectures on hygiene are given by members of the Medical Department and by the staff of the Chinese public dispensaries. A course of ten lectures on hygiene is given each year to school teachers in training at the University and this should eventually have beneficial results.
120. With the forthcoming transfer of the sanitary inspectorate to the direct control of the Health Division of the Department, it will be possible to make use of the inspectors' training and knowledge in spreading the principles of hygiene amongst the population.
(C) Training of sanitary personnel.
121. There was no change in the system of training outlined in the Report for 1938 but it is hoped that certain improvements will be effected during 1940.
122. An examination for the Sanitary Inspector's Certificate of the Royal Sanitary Institute was held in Hong Kong in 1939 and thirteen candidates were successful.
(D) Recommendations for future work.
123. In connexion with items enumerated under this heading in the Report for 1938 the following information may be of interest :-
(a) The deputy director of health services arrived in the Colony at the end of 1939 and, now that steps are advanced for the transfer of the sanitary inspectorate to the direct control of the health officers, the much-required reorganization of the health services of the Colony and improvement in the training of sanitary personnel can take place.
(b) Two Chinese health officers were appointed in 1939 and arrangements were made to appoint two European health officers early in 1940. This increase in staff will allow of the division of the island area into three health districts instead of two, thus enabling health officers to devote more personal attention to the many problems with which they are faced.
(c) There is no improvement in the main sewerage system and in the case of Kowloon progress must await the report of experts who are expected from England to advise on reclamation work at the typhoon shelter.
M: 30
(d) There is no change in the system of refuse disposal but the adoption of the Indore process for the conversion of the town's refuse into useful
fertilizer is under consideration.
(e) The housing problem appears to be no nearer a solution or even
amelioration.
(f) It is expected that the Albany Road Reservoir will be covered and arrangements made for the filtration and sterilization of water in the Pokfulam area during 1940.
(g) Arrangements have been made to bring a school dental service into operation early in 1940. To begin with, this service will be confined to Government schools.
(h) The purchase of a suitable building on a suitable site near the University for the purpose of housing a large welfare centre and a school of hygiene came under the consideration of Government towards the end of the year. Such an institute, by providing post-graduate training in public health, would be of inestimable value in providing adequately trained staff for the Colony's health services.
(i) One new health centre was opened in the western district of Victoria in
July, 1939, and is performing excellent work.
(j) The question of transferring the Chinese public dispensaries, now conducted on a semi-charitable basis, to the Medical Department with a view to their eventual development as health centres has been considered and it is expected that steps will be taken to carry out the transfer of certain of the more suitable centres in 1940.
(k) Owing to the unsatisfactory condition of the present infectious diseases hospital at Kennedy Town, the provision of a new hospital to replace it is a matter of great urgency, calling for priority in Government's building programme.
(1) A proper system of nightsoil collection and disposal is overdue and its introduction should not be allowed to await a devastating cholera epidemic.
The present system of disposing of water-borne sewage by discharging untreated into the harbour is so manifestly contrary to the principles of hygiene that Government would be justified in engaging the services of a consulting engineer to advise on a problem which is a constant danger to the health of the community.
It is, of course, appreciated that the disposal of nightsoil cannot be regarded as really satisfactory until an adequate supply of pipe-borne water is provided for flushing purposes and all bucket latrines are abolished within the urban areas.
The
(m) Health visitors in the United Kingdom are fully trained nurses and midwives who must possess in addition a health visitor's certificate. Facilities for training in health visiting are not at present available in Hong Kong, a deficiency which should be remedied if this essential part of the health services is to be developed in a satisfactory manner. appointment of a nursing sister, with a health visitor's certificate, to the post of superintendent of health visitors is recommended. She would be responsible for the training and supervision of all health visitors in the Colony.
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IV. PORT HEALTH WORK AND ADMINISTRATION.
124. In 1939, 3,664 British vessels entered and cleared the harbour as compared with 3,996 in 1938. To this number must be added 3,743 foreign vessels, which had totalled 3,132 in the previous year. The figures for river steamers, launches and foreign trade junks were 7,614, 960 and 7,900 respectively. The total tonnage fell from 29,530,384 in 1938 to 28,840,566 in 1939. 3,698 inward bound ocean-going vessels were boarded by port health officers.
125. Vessels from Canton, Macao and West River ports are visited when information is received of sickness or deaths on board. Periodic inspections of these vessels are carried out to check the vaccinal condition of incoming passengers and crews, as well as to promote higher standards of cleanliness on board and to decide on the necessity for deratization.
126. Owing to the incidence of cholera in Hong Kong and Macao, incoming and outgoing passengers from and to Macao were inspected from 16th June to 16th November. From 28th June, 1939 to 12th October, 1939, passengers proceeding to Macao were required to possess "official" cholera immunization certificates.
127. During the year seventy-six special visits were made to ships to see people suffering from infectious diseases, etc., nineteen out of thirty-eight bodies landed from vessels were examined at the public mortuary.
128. 1,988 bills of health were issued during the year.
129. Eight "infected" ships were quarantined in 1939 and ten "healthy" vessels carrying deck passengers were kept in quarantine for observation for varying periods. Excluding arrivals from Macao, 373,708 persons were medically examined on arrival, making an average of 1,024 a day.
130. 115,599 people were inoculated against cholera by port health officers, owing to the epidemic conditions prevailing in Hong Kong and neighbouring ports.
131. The Vaccination Ordinance of 1923 is rigorously enforced, and all passengers arriving in Hong Kong have to be vaccinated, unless they either show satisfactory evidence of vaccination against smallpox within the previous five years, or have suffered from smallpox. 67,360 persons were vaccinated on board ship or at the vaccination centre staffed by the vaccinators working under the port health officers.
132. The Quarantine (Measures on Departure) Regulations, 1939, and the Quarantine (Measures on Arrival) Regulations, 1939, provide for the medical inspection of outward bound passengers, when deemed advisable by His Excellency the Governor-in-Council, and for the specification of conditions concerning the validity of inoculation and vaccination certificates in the case of both incoming and outgoing passengers.
133. All emigrants from the Colony are medically examined, and vaccinated. if necessary, before leaving. 80,611 emigrants were examined in 1939, of whom 79,967 paid for their passages while 644 had their passages paid for them. 401 emigrants were rejected, 16,107 were vaccinated.
134. The following table shows the number of emigrants leaving Hong Kong and the proportion proceeding to the Straits Settlements during the past five years:-
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Table XVI.
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
Average for
period
To Straits Sattlements 102,674 101,499 165,177 61,405
30,170
92,185
Total to all ports
158,300 164,077 245.488 124,186 80,611
154,532
135. The fumigation bureau of the port health authority is responsible for disinfecting ships and ridding them of rats. Deratization certificates and deratization exemption certificates numbered 109 and 110 in 1939, as compared with ninety-one and eighty-eight in 1938. The details of the methods employed in the disinfection and disinfestation of ships are given in the report of 1937.
136. Sanitary control of aerial traffic is enforced under the Quarantine and Prevention of Diseases Ordinance, No. 7 of 1936, and regulations governing air-craft which were issued in 1937.
137. Six companies make regular calls at Hong Kong. No cases of infectious disease were discovered in passengers or crews arriving by air, nor were any reports received of such illnesses occurring in persons who had left Hong Kong by air.
138. This table gives details of Hong Kong's air-traffic:-
Table XVII,
Arrivals
Nationality of aircraft
Departures
Aircraft Passengers Crew
Aircraft Passengers
Crew
American
42
420
336
42
386
336
British
145
276
290
148
315
296
Chinese
236
2,436
950
237
1.462
954
French
52
468
210
54
383
218
German
H
11
20
4
4
20
Total
479
3,611
1,806
485
2,550
1,824
V.
MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE.
139. The Colony provides 390 maternity beds but the majority of cases are accommodated in private maternity homes which are periodically inspected by the supervisor of midwives who is a qualified lady medical officer. Ninety-four inspections were carried out during the year and, while many homes were found not to be entirely satisfactory, it can be recorded that much improvement has resulted from the supervisor's visits. and recommendations.
+
M 33
140. One of the difficulties encountered in dealing with maternity cases concerns the stay in hospital or nursing home after delivery as, largely owing to economic reasons, the majority leave by the third day. A recent survey of 891 cases delivered in a group of nursing homes over a certain period gave the following figures:-
20 patients left on the day of delivery.
43 patients left on the first day after delivery.
241 patients left on the second day after delivery.
323 patients left on the third day after delivery.
189 patients left on the fourth day after delivery.
25 patients left on the fifth day after delivery.
37 patients left on the sixth day after delivery.
S patients left on the seventh day after delivery.
Only five patients stayed more than seven days. Every endeavour is being made to persuade patients to stay in the nursing homes for a minimum of seven days after childbirth to enable them to regain their strength before returning to their own homes, usually in overcrowded tenements.
141. At the end of the year there were 765 names on the Midwives Register. The supervisor of midwives inspected their bags, appliances, registers and premises when visiting them. Fifty-three candidates satisfied the examiners at the examina- tions carried out under the auspices of the Midwives Board,
142. The Medical Department employs sixteen midwives who are posted to government and Chinese public dispensaries as detailed in last year's report. They continued to carry out extremely useful work not only as midwives but also as missionaries of hygiene in the homes of their patients.
143. Visits to expectant mothers numbered 2,339 and to puerperal mothers 19,731. During the year under review 19,544 mothers attended demonstrations on the feeding and general care of babies.
144. 3,666 mothers were visited during the year, an increase of 804 on the figure for 1938. The majority of the mothers visited had enjoyed normal labours, but this number comprised eighteen abortions, twenty miscarriages, forty premature births and sixty-three still-births. In ninety-six instances the mothers were taken by ambulance to hospital, usually on account of delayed labour and usually after the medical officer from the nearest dispensary had been called in. Apart from deaths amongst those complicated cases, only three mothers attended by Government midwives died.
145. A new welfare centre was opened in May at the former Government Civil Hospital, Queen's Road in the western district of Victoria and by the end of the year the centre was being attended by an average of seventy cases daily.
146. Arrangements were completed for the transfer of the Kowloon Centre early in 1940 to a more satisfactory building, which was formerly the Central British School.
147. While child welfare work is carried on at a large number of hospitals and dispensaries the following figures are confined to attendances at the welfare centres at Wanchai, Kowloon and Queen's Road.
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148. The total number of attendances at the three centres during the year was 161,157 and, for purposes of comparison, it may be stated that 153,283 attendances were received at Kowloon and Wanchai, an increase of 29,237 over the 1938 figures. The average number of attendances at the three centres was 589 for each day in which they were open.
149. The average age of the infants at their first attendance was three months as compared with eight months in 1938. This appears to indicate increased confidence by the mothers in the work of the welfare centres,
150. Synthetic milk for the children and nursing mothers continued to be given and, in conjunction with approximately 300 meals given daily at the centres' soup kitchens, provided welcome nourishment to poor and badly-nourished women. and children.
151. As recorded last year the Society for the Protection of Children provided, through the centres, free milk for the children of impoverished mothers.
152. About eighty per centum of infants required medical treatment on first attendance. The following were the most common diseases in the order given:-
Malnutrition, digestive disturbances, respiratory diseases, conjunctivitis, skin diseases, thrush.
153. During 1939, 7,723 anti-cholera inoculations were given to mothers and older children and 1,086 vaccinations were performed against smallpox at the health centres.
154.
Of 270 bloods tested, thirty-nine gave a positive Wassermann reaction. 155. 3,126 home visits were paid by nurses from the centres during the year to the homes of babies attending.
156. Special gynaecological clinics for Indian women were continued during the year. The following table gives details of numbers:-
Table XVIII.
Clinics
Cases
Average
Name
held
New
Revisits Total attendance
Stanley Jail
Indian Clinic
45
68
550
618
13.7
Kowloon Hospital
Indian Clinic
51
213
680
893
17.5
Violet Peel
Indian Clinic
50
227 1,005
1,232
24.6
157. The Eugenics League continued its activities and, as can be seen from its report-Appendix III-has made steady progress.
There are now three main clinics carried on in close association with other welfare work. The number of mothers availing themselves of the facilities provided increased from 291 in 1938 to 574 in 1939. The average age of the mothers advised was thirty-one and pregnancies amongst them averaged six.
Clinics have also been started at three refugee camps.
The necessity for an extension of the work of this League amongst an impoverished population where the infantile mortality rate is approximately one in three is so obvious as to need no comment.
N. C. MACLEOD,
Deputy Director of Health Services.
.
-
M 35
VI. HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES AND SOCIAL HYGIENE CLINICS.
158. Return B appended to this report provides details of Naval, Military, Government Civil, Chinese and private hospitals in Hong Kong. Reference has been made in an earlier section of this report to the findings and recommendations of the Technical Committee for the Reorganization and Improvement of Existing Official Hospital and Clinical Facilities of the Colony of Hong Kong and these are given as Appendix II.
159. Certain important additions to hospital accommodation effected during 1939 are worthy of record.
(a) The levelling of the site for the new infectious diseases hospital and, later, the new general hospital on the Kowloon Medical Centre made good progress and should be completed in the early autumn of 1940.
(b) A small six-bed infectious diseases block was opened early in 1939 at Kowloon Hospital to house cases most in need of isolation.
(c) Accommodation was provided for the staff and for sixty-nine female patients in the former sisters quarters at the Government Civil Hospital and effected a very great improvement in the overcrowded condition of the Mental Hospital.
(d) New quarters for the matron and midwives in training were provided on the roof of the Tsan Yuk Government Maternity Hospital. Hospital huts were built in all four of the urban camps for refugees, destitutes and internees, each capable of taking twelve children, four women and two men patients.
(e) Temporary matsheds were built with Government funds in the garden of the Kwong Wah (Chinese) Hospital to take the place of marquees borrowed from the Military Authorities to house some two hundred patients overflowing from the wards.
This
(f) Government purchased for the sum of $50,000 from the Tung Wah directorate, a dilapidated building built at the beginning of the present century as a smallpox hospital but used for some time past as a leper settlement. enabled Government to take over complete control of the settlement at the beginning of 1939 and greatly facilitated its management by the Medical Department.
(g) A start was made on the construction of decontamination centres at the Queen Mary and Kowloon Hospitals as a precautionary measure against the possibility of local hostilities and gas warfare.
(h) Mention might be made here appropriately to the medical defence scheme for the Colony designed to bring into being at the shortest possible notice arrange- ments for the collection, transport and treatment of casualties from high explosive, incendiary or gas bombs if the Colony became involved in hostilities.
To this end, plans were drawn up for the conversion of existing Grade A hospitals into casualty clearing hospitals and for utilizing the University buildings, large hostels and other places as relief hospitals, schools and similar institutions being earmarked for use as first aid posts. The recruiting and training of personnel for the various tasks and the provision of reserve stores of ambulances, stretchers, instruments, drugs, dressings, oxygen, and so on, went, of course, hand in hand with these arrangements.
(i) An agreement was reached with the Trustees of the War Memorial Nursing Home for the admission of Government officials under the "panel" system to be introduced at the beginning of January, 1940.
A
*
M 36
6) In accordance with the recommendation contained in the Interdepartmental (Athlone) Report of the Ministry of Health and Board of Education, the ninety-six hour fortnight was introduced into all Government hospitals during the year under review and encouragement was given by Medical Headquarters to both Government sisters and nurses to form a Whitley council which, it is hoped, will help to smooth over difficulties between the staff and administration to the benefit of all concerned- not excepting the hospital patients and the community.
(k) An important milestone in the development of the medical services of this Colony in relation to the general public was reached during 1939 when an Almoner's Division of the Medical Department was inaugurated in July. As yet the staff is limited to an almoner (Miss M. S. Watson, B. Sc.) trained in England and two Chinese assistant almoners trained locally by the almoner. A report on the six months' work of this division is appended and is deserving of careful study— see Appendix IV.
The almoner was appointed to carry out the following duties as far as time. and staff permitted :-
:
Duties. The main duties of the post are as follows:
(1) Administrative.
(i) Prevent attendance of cases capable of being dealt with by private
general practitioners.
(ii) Assess payments by patients.
(iii) Collect fees from in-patients in paying wards.
(iv) Ensure smooth working of any contributory scheme which may be
established.
(2) Co-operation with medical staffs of Government hospitals.
(i) Arrange facilities for convalescence in suitable cases.
(ii) Arrange for supply of surgical instruments and see that they are kept
in order by patients to whom issued.
(iii) Arrange for attendance of nurse at patients' homes if needed.
(iv) Assist patients in matter of diet.
(v) Report to medical staff home circumstances of patients and their
history.
(vi) Deal with patients' difficulties at home.
(vii) Facilitate carrying out of treatment; follow up cancer-radium cases,
etc.
(viii) Investigate malnutrition and assist in public health education.
(ix) Serve as link between patients and relatives and staff.
(3) Co-operation with outside bodies.
(i) Co-operate with Public Health Authorities in tuberculosis, leprosy,
etc.
(ii) Co-operate with School Authorities in children of school age.
(iii) Enlist help of charitable societies in necessitous cases.
X
- M 37
(1) A start was made during 1939 on a costing system for the Government hospitals in order to ascertain the approximate cost of each in-patient and to check waste.
Preliminary figures obtained to date indicate a wide variation and suggest certain channels to eliminate waste.
(A) Queen Mary Hospital.
160. Comparative tables are given to show the increase in the amount of work being carried out at the Queen Mary Hospital where Dr. D. J. Valentine, M.C., acted as medical officer in charge for most of the year.
(i) In-patients-
General
Maternity
Table XIX.
1938
1939
10,117
9.564
702
1.085
Total
10,819
10,649
Daily average
Chinese
European
362
451
7,477
7,144
1,219
1,061
Indian
1,260
1,259
Russian
44
29
Other nationalities
177
71
Treated by Government officers
8,677
8,150
(ii) Treated by University staff:
Medical
562
474
Surgical
450
509
Gynaecological
428
431
(iii) Nationality of maternity cases :-
British
75
62
Chinese
571
963
Indian
41
46
Japanese
2
4
Portuguese
8
4
Russian
2
1
Other nationalities
3
5
LO
(iv) Operations :-
By Government officers
University staff
(v) Deaths:
Total
General in-patients
Maternity cases
- M 38
1,269
1,468
1,162
1,188
2,431
2,656
686
820
3
10
Total
689
830
Still-births
30
27
(vi) Mortality rates per thousand :-
General in-patients
67.8
85.7
Maternity cases
4.0
9.2
Combined
63.7
77.9
161. In 1939, in-patients in Government hospitals on the Island numbered 16,079. This compares with 10,819 in 1938. The daily average was 253 in 1937, 362 in 1938 and 791 in 1939. A corresponding increase occurred in the number of out-patients treated in certain of the more important Government clinics during the year. In this connexion, the increase of work at the welfare centres has already been noted in a previous section.
162. The relevant figures for new cases were as follows:-
Table XX.
OUT-PATIENTS (NEW CASES) QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL.
Former Government
Queen
Civil Hospital
Total
Total
Mary
Queen's
in
in
Hospital C. block
Road clinic
1938
1939
General
10,506 51,642
44,575
62,148
Medical (University) Unit
1,644
2,501
1,644
Surgical (University) Unit
2,912 4,515
2,912
Gynaecological (University) Unit
1,934
2,783
1,934
Children (University) Unit
583
583
Eye clinic (Government)
1,229 3,189
3.622
4,418
Venereal diseases (Government)
1,888
1,627
1,888
:
Dental clinic
1,063*
1,063
Ear, nose and throat clinic
Ante-natal clinic
218
1,492
1,515
1,733
1,492
Total
14,508 56,719 8,588
59.623
79.815
*Including fifty-two general anaesthetics.
X.
M 39
163. Two innovations at the Queen Mary Hospital during the year under review are worthy of note. By agreement with the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong (as sanctioned by the Senate), the responsibility for the instruction of pupil midwives and nurses in midwifery in the maternity department of the hospital was handed over to the Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University. The scheme involved the transferrence of the control and supervision of the twenty-bed ward for third class patients to the University Obstetrical Unit. It enables the care of ante-natal cases, and the theoretical and practical instruction in this ward to be carried out as one complete unit. Although it was arranged that this scheme should be tried for a period of a year in the first instance, the satisfactory results already obtained in securing continuity and better correlation between theoretical and practical work afford good grounds for the belief that the arrangement will be continued on a permanent basis at the end of the trial stage.
164. The second change introduced control of a children's ward of 13 cots University.
during the year was to hand over the and 8 beds to the Medical Unit of the
A Chinese medical officer who had specialized in paediatrics was appointed by the University to take charge of this ward under the supervision of the Professor of Medicine. The need for specialized instruction in paediatrics in a country with the high birth and infant mortality rates that prevail in Hong Kong hardly needs stressing. There is reason to believe that this scheme will also benefit both medical students and the children affected and that it will be possible to confirm the arrangement at the end of the period of trial.
165. The above changes may not appear to be of great importance but they are indicative of the spirit of co-operation that happily exists between the authorities of the University of Hong Kong and the Government Medical Department.
(B) Kowloon Hospital.
166. Kowloon Hospital was seriously overcrowded throughout the year, as can be seen by referring to the subjoined table.
This hospital has 135 official beds, but many more are usually required to cope with the sick and accidents applying for care. The relevant figures for 1938 and 1939 are tabulated.
Table XXI.
(i) In-patients :-
1938
1939
General
Maternity
3,524
3,924
1,905
2,131
Total
5,429
6,055
Daily average
Chinese
European
139
149
2,509
2,845
661
689
Indian
17
26
Russian
66
38
Other nationalities
271
326
Treated by Government officers
5,429
6,055
*
M 40
(ii) Nationality of maternity cases :-
1938
1939
British
109
115
Chinese
1,750
1,956
10
25
Indian
Japanese
Portuguese
17
15
Russian
Other nationalities
3
19
17
CO
(iii) Operations:-
By Government officers
1,253
1,133
(iv) Deaths:
General in-patients
Maternity cases
Total
Still-births
292
334
3
7
295
341
34
53
(vi) Mortality rates per thousand :—
General in-patients
Maternity cases
Combined
82.86
85.11
1.57
3.28
54.33
56.31
Table XXII.
OUT-PATIENTS (NEW CASES) KOWLOON HOSPITAL.
General
Ear, nose and throat clinic
Eye clinic
Gynaecological clinic
Venereal diseases
Ante-natal clinic
1938
1939
34,107
42,511
1,017
1,105
1,900
3,221
564
1,163
1,302
2,254
2,733
40,441
51,436
(a) Anaesthetics.
167. The Government medical officer acting as a specialist in anaesthetics continued to devote much of his time to this aspect of medical work during the year and to the training of medical students and a relief to take over during his absence from the Colony.
*
:
M 41
168. Owing to the outbreak of war in September, 1939, it became increasingly difficult and expensive to obtain supplies of evipan and this very useful form of anaesthesia had to be reserved for a relatively small number of specially selected
cases.
169. Comparative figures for anaesthetics administered in the two main Government hospitals are given below, the figures in brackets being those in 1938-
Table XXIII.
Queen Mary Hospital
Kowloon
Total
Hospital
Chloroform
15
(16)
5
(18)
20
(34)
Ether alone or + ethyl
chloride
922
(811)
571
(486)
1,493
(1,297)
Ether+evipan induction
90
(99)
161
(120)
251 (219)
Nitrous oxide + oxygen
97
(47)
2
(46)
99
(93)
Spinal
437
(237)
1
I
438
(237)
Evipan
310
(501)
376 (552) 686
(1,053)
Other methods
(including local)
230
(195)
17
(31)
247
(226)
Total
2,101 (1,906)
1,133 (1,253) 3,234 (3,159)
(b) Radiology, electro-therapeutics and massage.
170. The staff of this sub-department was depleted during the year owing to three members being absent on home leave. In addition, the Massage Section suffered a severe loss on the 1st of February, 1939, by the death of Miss M. H. Hughes, one of the two masseuses. Miss A. M. M. E. Halliday arrived in the Colony on the 27th September to fill the death vacancy.
Owing to shortage of staff and to the heavy demand for films for other purposes, it was decided in May, 1939, to suspend the routine radiological examination of all entrants into the Government service and, instead, to rely upon the more usual clinical examinations until the end of the probationary period of service and then only to confirm the absence of tuberculous lesions by skiagrams.
171. The dislocation of shipping and interruption in the regular shipments of films from the Crown Agents during the last four months of the year resulted in a shortage of films and many investigations had to be forgone.
172. Data for the past four years are given in Table XXIV.
Table XXIV.
1936. 1937
1938
1939
Massage and electrical treatment Radiological examinations Films exposed
10,465 11,775 19,680 16,248 5,511 6,690 9,703 10,231
9,193 12,784 15,272 18,631
M 42
The radiological examinations referred to in the above table were carried out at the request of the following:-
Government medical officers (in-patients)
Government medical officers (out-patients)
4,374
3,176
2,101
Officers of the University Units
Medical officers at Chinese hospitals and private practitioners 580
173. The radium which had been generously loaned to the Government Medical Department by the Trustees of the Granville Sharp Estate was returned to the Trustees on the 23rd of March, 1939.
Fifty-two and a half milligrammes of new radium were purchased in "cells" holding 7.5 milligrammes and were brought into use at the Queen Mary Hospital on the 28th of September, 1939. The flexibility of this method of packing which is a great improvement upon that previously held is such that, within the limits of the small amount available, any method of radium treatment can be undertaken.
174. When funds are available to effect further purchases-and it is to be noted that the price has risen very considerably since the outbreak of the European war-it should be possible to lessen the amount of "handling" of any individual
case.
175. The radium now available has been used almost entirely for cancer of the uterus and for supplementary irradiation of surface cancer. Thirty-seven treatments were given, the supply being in use for 60 per centum of the time from the 28th of September to the 31st of December.
176. The installation of the deep X-ray therapy plant was completed in January, 1939, and was put into use in the following month. Treatment was given to some 149 cases. The physical measurement of the output could not be determined very accurately; but à start was made during the year to equip a radiation physics laboratory. Little could be done in connexion with the physical side of the work until the return to the Colony of Mr. D. F. Davies, M.A., of the University of Hong Kong who had kindly_volunteered his services and who spent part of 1939 in special studies at the Royal Cancer Hospital, London.
177. Cases treated by radio-therapy included the following:-
(i) Malignant disease :-
Table XXV.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Other cancer of upper air passages
Carcinoma of breast
Ditto-sterilization only
Carcinoma of uterine cervix
Carcinoma of body of uterus
Other carcinoma of female genital organs
Skin, epithelioma
Skin, basal cell carcinoma
Sarcoma, various
Bone tumours
Epithelioma of penis
Carcinoma of stomach (malignant peritonitis) Lymphepithelioma
? Lymphosarcoma (? branchial carcinoma)
17
12
16
2
14
272 HHN NHA —
1
4
2
2
1
1
1
•
(ii) Non-malignant:
Keloids
Hæmangiomata
Boils
Carbuncles of the face
Skin lessions, various
Sepsis, various
Salivary glands
"Hong Kong foot"
"Cystic hygroma"
Papilloma of tongue Erosion of cervix
Sterilization
Pruritus ani
Spondylitis
Ethmoiditis
Myositis ossificans
Bromidrosis
N
M 43
19
7
7
8
7
3
∞o t∞ N N N
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Total .......
149
178. The majority of the cases of malignant disease were far advanced before they were sent for treatment, and only palliative results could be expected. Even in many of the cases which, from a consideration of the stage of the malignant process, could be considered hopeful, the general condition was so poor that the prognosis was very doubtful. In consequence, the recognized techniques of irradiation were modified in a large number of cases to avoid over-taxing the debilitated patient. Only one death occurred which was directly caused by the irradiation, an extremely feeble case of epithelioma of the palate.
(C) Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital.
179. This hospital continued to maintain its record of service to the general public in 1939. The general administration is in the hands of the deputy director of medical services and the professional work is under the direct control of the professor of obstetrics and gynaecology, University of Hong Kong.
180. The activities of the hospital are indicated below, those in brackets relate to 1938 :-
(i) In-patients.
Table XXVI.
Remaining at end of 1938
36
(49)
Admissions in 1939
3,377
(2,400)
Total treated
3,413
(2,449)
:
Maternity cases
3,413
(2,096)
Deliveries
3,218
(2,272)
Maternal deaths
16
(10)
Maternal death-rate per 1,000 live births
4.7
(4.4)
Infant deaths
69
(88)
Still-births
99
(82)
(ii) Out-patients.
M 44
New
cases.
Return visits.
Total attendances.
966
Ante-natal Infant welfare
Total
(575) 1,019 (489) 1,985 (1,064) 746 (1,346) 372 (1,783) 1,118 (3,129)
1,712 (1,921) 1,391 (2,272) 3,103 (4,193)
(D) Infections Diseases Hospital.
181. Mention has already been made of the progress made in 1939 on the preparation of the site for the much-needed new infectious diseases hospital on the Kowloon Medical Centre.
182. As in 1937 the accommodation in the existing Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town proved too small and use had to be made of the upper portion of the Lai Chi Kok Relief Hospital where, in addition to 268 sick soldiers from the Ma Tau Chung Internment Camp, 234 cases of cholera were hospitalized.
183. Some 402 cases of cerebro-spinal meningitis, 392 of cholera, eighty- one of smallpox, forty-six of chickenpox and three each of measles and mumps received treatment in the Infectious Diseases Hospital proper. Thirty-one of the cases in question were carried over from the previous year.
184. Details of actual admissions of and deaths from the three more important diseases are as follows:-
Month.
Table XXVII.
Cerebro-spinal
Cholera.
Smallpox.
meningitis.
January
30
3
14
February
71
19
March
91
April
=ཀྱ
18
62
10
May
41
48
5
June
25
150
1
July
11
2*
1
August
21
110
September
15
38
October
3
36
November
11
4
December
4
1
2
Total
Deaths
Mortality per 100 cases
385
392
70
177
264
31
44
67.3
38.2
*Upper wards of Lai Chi Kok Hospital opened and all cases admitted there instead of to the Infectious Diseases Hospital.
*
M 45
-
185. Details of the treatment of the cases of cerebro-spinal meningitis and of cholera are given in Appendix V.
(E) Social Hygiene Centres.
186. Following upon the receipt of representations from the Naval and Military Authorities with regard to the prevalence of venereal diseases in Hong Kong, His Excellency appointed a committee in 1938 to investigate and report upon the situation and to submit recommendations.
187. The report was completed early in 1939 and received very careful consideration by Government.
One of the decisions arrived at was to strengthen the medical services available to the general community and, more especially, to the prostitute class. Additional staff and accommodation will be available for this work early in 1940.
188. The activities at the existing social hygiene centres are indicated in the two succeeding tables :--
Table XXVIII.
NEW CASES TREATED IN 1939.
Chinese
European
Indian
Others
Total
M.
F.
M. F. M. F.
M. F.
M.
F.
Queen's Road (old Govern-
ment Civil Hospital)
1,325
561
1
1
1,326
562
Violet Peel Health Centre
1,377
766 163 3 126
14
1
1,680
772
Kowloon Docks
(Tsimshatsui)
1,995
579 210 1
80
35
1
2,320
581
Kowloon Hospital
537
753
10
5
1
2
544
758
Taipo Centre
9
5
10
19
5
Un Long Centre
2
1
3
5
1
Total
5,245 2,665 378 8 219
++++
4
52 2
5,894
2,679
Table XXIX.
NUMBER OF ATTENDANCES IN 1939.
Chinese
European
Indian
Others
Total
Queen's Road (old Govern-
ment Civil Hospital)
Violet Peel Health Centre
M.
7,155 2,887
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F. M.
F.
2
3
7,158 2,889
6,953 5,130 856 29 2,141
37 61 3 10,011 5,199
Kowloon Docks (Tsimshatsui)
Kowloon Hospital
Taipo Centre
Un Long Centre
2,582 4,596 34
9,721 3,112 1,398 16 1,619
24
7
91 11 12,829 3,146
SH
4
2,620
4,621
84
86
GD
3
443
530
86
26
ลง
177
203
Total
26,521 15,813 | 2,291
69 4,380
47
159 14 33,351 15,943
M 46
189. These totals compare with 5,379 male and 2,542 female (7,921 persons) treated in 1938 and 26,902 attendances of male patients and 12,349 of females (39,251 persons) in the same year.
190. The health officer, social hygiene, and his assistants took 13,887 specimens of blood for the Wassermann test and examined 5,289 smears for gonococci.
(F) Dispensaries and health activities in the New Territories.
191. In a Colony like Hong Kong which serves as a great entreport for the Far East and where more than three quarters of the population is to be found in an industrialized urban area, it is understandable that the rural areas forming the New Territories leased from China in 1898 for a period of ninety-nine years should have been treated as a cinderella up to comparatively recently.
192. The importance of agricultural development to a Colony so dependent as Hong Kong on imported foodstuffs has, however, received strong emphasis as the result of hostilities in neighbouring territories during the past year or so.
193. Guidance for the population of the New Territories in health matters was obviously of paramount importance.
To this end, early in 1939 Government approved the appointment of three whole-time Chinese sanitary inspectors under the supervision of a senior Chinese health officer and of the addition of three sanitary foremen and nineteen scavenging- coolies to the existing all too small cadre of twenty-eight coolies hitherto working under the two district officers. The role of these sanitary inspectors was largely educational, the object being to explain to the inhabitants of the townships and villages in the New Territories the benefits to be derived from a higher standard of hygiene.
194. In support of this health propaganda, steps were taken to organize the collection and disposal of household refuse, more particularly in the larger townships of Cheung Chau, Sai Kung, Shek Wu Hui, Tai O, Taipo, Tsun Wan and Un Long, three incinerators being constructed in the first three places. In addition, a number of public, salga latrines with fly-traps-similar to those used in large numbers in the West African colonies-were built in crowded areas where there existed an obvious need for such conveniences.
195. A start was made on the improvement of water supplies and the construction of hygienic wells.
196. Markets came in for a good deal of attention and steps were taken to earmark sites for Government markets at Shek Wu Hui, Taipo and Un Long. The system of allowing markets to be controlled by private individuals or guilds for their own profit is not in the interests of the community and it is to be hoped. that the day of large, clean, public markets in the New Territories operated for the benefit of the people as a whole is not far off. The change over will not be effected without a certain amount of disturbance of vested interests, but it is believed that this difficulty will be overcome to a considerable extent by means of rural health boards, sanitary committees or similar bodies whose membership will include public-spirited citizens willing to put the common weal before their own private interests.
197. Mention of markets calls to mind the need for the control of foodshops and food factories in the New Territories which are springing up in all directions. The products of these factories are not only brought into the urban area for disposal but are even sent abroad to the Straits Settlements and elsewhere-hence the urgent need for some form of control as that which exists in the urban area proper.
+
A
1940.
M 47
Legislation to this end was drafted in 1939 and it is hoped may be enacted in
198. Housing also claimed attention and strenuous efforts had to be taken during the year to prevent large areas of the New Territories being covered with insanitary hovels constructed by refugees from across the border, and others.
Accommodation was offered in the Government camps for those who were
homeless.
A reasonable measure of success attended these endeavours and most of the not unattractive Chinese villages retained their pleasing character instead of being swamped with matshed hovels.
199. Constant vigilance had to be exercised over Chinese contractors engaged in military and other works in the New Territories and the regulations for labourers lines were enforced when necessary. Legal measures had to be instituted against several contractors whose interest in the health of their labour force not infrequently left a great deal to be desired.
200. Periodical inspections of village school premises were carried out and improvements were effected with the cooperation of the officers of the Education Department.
the
201. Quarterly meetings were held at Medical Headquarters between district officers, North and South, and the health authorities at which problems were discussed in a highly cooperative spirit with outstanding benefit to all concerned.
202. The influx of refugees across the border on many occasions following hostilities in the Po On and Wai Yeung Districts of Kwangtung gave rise to special difficulties which were met to a very large extent by directing the flow towards the Government rural refugee camps-with the valuable help of the officers of the Police Department-where many thousands were housed until they could be persuaded to return once more to their villages and townships.
203. Apart from health activities, medical (including maternity) work increased considerably as the result of the much larger number of persons at risk.
The two Chinese medical officers and their dressers and midwives working under the supervision of the senior Chinese health officer, New Territories, were busily engaged throughout the year as may be seen from the table given below.
204. One of these medical officers has his headquarters at Taipo where there is a dispensary and small maternity hospital accommodating five beds. This officer tours the northern and eastern section of the peninsula visting Government dispensaries at Fanling (the Lady Ho Tung) and at Sai Kung and villages off the
main road.
205.
The second medical officer has his headquarters at Un Long where there is also a dispensary-without beds-and visits Government dispensaries at Sham Tseng (the Ruttonjee) and Tai O and various townships and villages with the travelling dispensary.
206. The number of cases attended at the New Territory Government dispensaries rose from 89,918 in 1938 to 107,243 in 1939. St. John Ambulance Association continued to operate a number of dispensaries at various villages in the New Territories where no Government dispensary existed. The possibility of coordinating these activities under the general supervision of the Medical Department was advocated during the year and there is reason to believe that this may eventuate some time in the future to the advantage of those whom these institutions are designed to serve. Steps were taken during 1939 to earmark sites for health centres at Taipo, Tsun Wan and Un Long in preparation for the construction when funds become available.
Table XXX.
M 48
General
Maternity
Dispensaries
cases
cases
Total number
Vaccinations
On
In
of cases
Anti-cholera inoculations
Malarial cases (included in general cases)
Surgical dressings
New
Old
district dispensary
New
(included in general cases)
Relapses
Ho Tung
5,200
6,352
151
131
11,834
2,507
936
630
298
9,400
Sai Kung
3,101
3,731
73
90
6,995
3,369
370
767
517
1,955
Tai O
3,232
2,695
1.29
6,056
928
965
383
584
2,555
Tai Po
21,383
26,106
121
460
48,070
6,476
1,912
2,055
2,898
25,305
Un Long
7,816
9,336
224
17,376
6,179
1,114
715
704
8,236
Travelling
10,014
2,956
12,970
5,929
2,303
1,737
781
3,786
Ruttonjee
956
2,960
26
3,942
392
187
34
392
2,336
Total for 1939
51,702
54,136
'724
681
107,243
25,780
7,787
6,321
6,174
53,573
1938.
1939.
Total number of cases
Total number of vaccinations
Total number of anti-cholera inoculations
89,918
107,243
18,319
25,780
2,568
7,787
Table XXXI.
General
cases
Total number
Anti-cholera
Malarial cases (included in
Refugee camps
Vaccinations
of cases
inoculations
general cases)
Surgical dressings (included in
New
Old
New Relapses
general cases)
Fanling, North
638 2,043
2,681
1,658
989
57
38
626
Fanling, South
1,143
1,808
2,951
2,121
1,256
114
41
1,011
Gill's Cutting (Cha Hang)
2,286
3,480
5,766
795
713
687
959
1,021
Pat Heung
19,871
27,103
47,974
8,375
8,215
1,680
716
13,610
San Uk Ling
8,526
973
9,499
3,526
1,250
1,810
980
3,809
Total for 1939
32,464
35,407
67,871
16,475
12,423
4,348
2,734
20,077
*
+
M 49
—
(G) Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries.
207. These institutions are situated entirely in the urban area of the Colony. They have been responsible, in the main, for the care of the sick poor amongst the Chinese community for many years. For details regarding the history and deve- lopment of these hospitals and dispensaries, the reader is invited to refer to the Annual Reports for 1937 and 1938. Two facts are deserving of special mention.
208. Firstly, the Medical Committee of the Tung Wah Hospitals appointed by the Governor at the close of 1938 functioned as the executive committee of the hospitals in 1939. As might be expected, the first year of operation was hardly devoid of difficulties, for, up to the time of the appointment of the committee, the Board of Directors had exercised sole control and it was not altogether easy for the directorate to delegate its powers to another body even though this body had a strong representation of members of the Board upon it. In spite of this, how- ever, there can be no doubt whatsoever that the general efficiency of the hospitals improved to a marked extent.
Time, patience and forebearance will show whether this experiment is going to be successful. It is rather early yet to judge, but every endeavour will be made to achieve success in this regard.
209. Secondly, the question of the status of the Chinese public dispensaries was raised during the year, the initiative being taken in this matter by the sec- retary for chinese affairs, chairman of the committee, to whose insight, guidance and cooperation in matters affecting the health and wellbeing of the community, officers of the Medical Department owe so much.. Briefly, the tentative sugges- tion was that the committte should hand over the control of these dispensaries, whose sphere. of usefulness could be considerably widened, to the Medical Depart- ment subject to certain conditions. The value of such a step is sufficiently apparent not to need any emphasis. It would make it possible for the institutions to be converted into health centres where the general public-or, at any rate, those unable to pay the fees of private practitioners could not only obtain treatment for all minor maladies but where the work could be extended to include maternal and child welfare services, care of the school child, diagnosis and treatment of cases of ophthalmic disease, tuberculosis and venereal disease, and where public health museums and propaganda could be arranged.
210. The three tables which follow provide statistical evidence of the very considerable services accorded to the general community by the Tung Wah group of hospitals and by Chinese public dispensaries.
M 50
Table XXXII.
Admitted in 1939
Tung Wah
Tung Wah Eastern
Kwong Wah
Total
In-patients.
Chinese treatment
5,074
2,271
4,144
11,489
Western treatment
13,737
6,911
20,657
41,305
Maternity cases
2,220
1,074
4,913
8,207
Combined
21,031
10,256
29,714
61,001
Remaining from 1938
693
252
602
1,547
Total in-patients
21,724
10,508
30,316
62,548
Operations
572
527
829
1,928
Deaths in hospital
5,773
3,306
9,492
18,571
Brought in dead
1,607
1,016
2,577
5,200
Death-rate per 1,000
265
314
313
296
Out-patients.
Chinese treatment
223,056
95,094
514,554
832,704
Western treatment
24,217
27,777
24,677
76,671
Combined
247,273
122,871
539,231
909,375
Eye clinic
14,648
1,251
3,838
19,737
Baby clinic
1,443
464
1,907
Ante-natal clinic
486
486
Anti-smallpox vaccinations
16,607
3,646
10,647
30,900
Anti-cholera inoculations
7,080
5,066
2,919
15,065
Table XXXIII.
WORK DONE IN GYNAECOLOGICAL CLINICS OF CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES IN 1939.
Average attendance per day
M 51
No. of clinics
Total number
New cases
Old cases
Dispensary
New
Old
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938 1939
Central
47
49
888
1,014
331
410
557
604
18.9
20.69
Eastern
44
44
1,584
1,698
591
609
993
1,089
36.0
38.6
Shaukiwan
96
98
2,628
3,002
929
1,088
1,699
1,914
27.3
30.6
Aberdeen
45
48
688
798
355
397
333
401
15.3 16.6
Yaumati
96
98
3,263
4,119
1,425
1,618
1,838
2,501
34.0
42.0
Shamshuipo
94
94
2,525
3,282
959
1,171
1,566
2,111
27.0
34.9
Hung Hom
48
47
963
1,346
430
504
533
842
20.6
28.64
Kowloon City
50
49
1,651
1,930
616
739
1,035
1,191
33.0
39.3
Kwong Wah
Hospital
47
47
1,368
1,748
497
664
871
1,084
29.1
37.2
Total
567
574
15,558
18,937
6,133
7,200
9,425
11,737
27.4
33.00
Table XXIV.
SUMMARY OF WORK DONE IN THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES DURING 1939.
Gynaecological
Patients
Certificates
Dispensaries
of cause of
New
Old
death issued]
Patients
sent to
hospital
Patients
removed to
Corpses
removed to
Dead infants
cases
hosp. by
hosp. or
cases
cases
ambulance
mortuary
brought to Vaccination dispensary
New
Old
Cholera
inoculation
cases
cases
Central
37,402
29,312
4
2
77
58
12,704
410
604
7,347
Eastern
23,962 35,753
8
1
1
377
370
13,715
609
1,089
9,733
Western
36,487
13,397
254
33
16
518
497
7,902
2,382
Shaukiwan
35,512 48,396
115
48
471
450
14,503
1,088
1,914
7,429
Aberdeen
12,427 11,533
204
60
2
2,537
397
401
3,927
M 52
}
Harbour &
Yaumati
68,741 57,474
56
36
267
263
27,861
1,618 2,501
12,914
Shamshuipo
38,177 41,550
31
78
7
610
597
33,785
1,171 2,111
10,590
Hung Hom
20,682 9,702
70
149
2
315
307
19,199
504
842
4,448
Kowloon City
24,292 23,658
66
125
1
412
377
16,610
739 1,191
7,784
Total for 1939
297,682 | 270,775
808
532
· 29
3,047
2,919
148,816
6,536 | 10,653 66,554
Total for 1938
275,423 | 250,907
265
624
49
178
2,242
159,205
5,683 8,640
M 53
(H) Lai Chi Kok (Relief) Hospital.
211. Lai Chi Kok Hospital was opened in May, 1938, to afford some relief for the overcrowded conditions of the Tung Wah group of hospitals. The intention was to transfer from the other hospitals convalescents and others who could be returned to civil life after a relatively short course of treatment.
212. The hospital has certainly proved its value and many hundreds have already passed through its portals and have been able to go home and start life afresh.
213. The medical officer in charge of the hospital (Dr. T. J. Hua) reports as
follows:-
"Based on the principles concerning admission and discharge, out of the 1841 cases treated, 1238 curable invalids were returned to civil life after an average stay in the hospital of sixty-one days. Guided by the hospital motto-patients first, hospital second and self last, efforts have been made to avoid retransfer of patients back to the Chinese hospitals unless a diagnosis has been well established and the case has proved to be unsuitable, or when there is definite indication to the benefit of the patient. Not uncommonly, moribund patients suffering from pneumonia, typhoid or chronic cardiac disease were received and treated so as to avoid unnecessary disturbance to the patients. By so doing, the general mortality rate of the hospital was inevitably raised.
Towards the later part of the year a room of the medical officers' office was used as an operating theatre. Minor operations in the nature of correction of deformity, skin grafts for extensive ulcerations or restoration of locomotive func- tion had also been comtemplated.
An improved canvas shade for the solarium of the tuberculous children's ward was completed towards the end of this year. Although it is still early to produce results in the treatment of these surgical tuberculous children, the improve- ment made during this period was gratifying. Owing to the repairs to the mos- quito-proof screening on the doors and windows, malaria ceased to be a menace to the patients and staff of the hospital, although sporadic cases, chiefly of the sub- tertain type, occurred before the work was completed.
Clinical investigations on the result of the treatment of beri-beri cases have also been made.
The recipe of the bean extract and rice polishing has been proved to be most. economical and sufficiently effective towards the treatment of all types of cases, except the pernicious, wet cardiac type which is fortunately rarely seen in this hospital. All cases discharged from the hospital were advised about their dietary and a follow-up clinic was organized at the close of the year.
214.
Beri beri constituted by far the most important proportion of diseased conditions treated in the hospital and the results of an interesting investigation carried out by the medical officer to the hospital are included in Appendix VI to this report. One ward at this hospital was devoted to the care of tuberculous children who until then had been accommodated in a somewhat dark and dismal portion of one of the Chinese hospitals.
215.
The upper blocks of Lai Chi Kok Hospital-sometimes called the Lai Chi Kok (Cholera) Hospital proved to be invaluable in accommodating 234 cases of cholera during the height of the epidemic in 1939. They also served as a hospital for interned Chinese troops who had to be specially guarded (in accordance with international agreement).
(I) Leper Settlement.
216. The Leper Settlement at Kennedy Town is housed in buildings erected at the beginning of the present century by the Tung Wah Hospital Committee for cases of smallpox under herbal or Chinese "Medicine" treatment.
وو
M 54
217. Later, the Government Medical Department took over the care and treatment of smallpox patients partly on public health grounds since herbalists possess somewhat heterodox views on the method of dissemination of the disease— and partly in order to provide skilled nursing for the afflicted.
218. The Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital then became an institution where lepers could be housed. By arrangement with the Tung Wah Hospital Committee the treatment of these cases was carried out by a Government medical officer and Gov- ernment paid $9 per head per month and the wages of cooks, amahs and coolies to the Tung Wah Committee.
219. This system of dual control was unsatisfactory and uneconomic and had a still greater disadvantage in that the leper patients came and went as they wished.
220. By agreement with the Tung Wah Hospital Committee, the Government paid the sum of $50,000 for the site and buildings comprising the settlement and took over the rationing and management entirely from the Committee as from the 1st of February, 1939, when the settlement was duly proclaimed as such under the Leper Ordinance.
221.
An immediate saving of about $4 per head per month was effected thereby and a complete change took place in the matter of discipline. True, sixty- seven lepers escaped from the premises in spite of a small police guard, but there was a cessation of the former custom of regarding the place as a convenient in- stitution in which to avoid paying rent and from which to sally forth to streets, markets, tea-houses, restaurants, cinemas, etc., at will and to "sell" their disease to others.
·
222. The change in administration was not altogether popular as might be expected. Every effort was made, however, to counteract the boredom resulting from this restricted freedom. Gifts of a radio set, pingpong, cards, mahjong, dominoes, daily newspapers, monthly magazines, and so on, were obtained through the generosity of a Chinese sympathizer-Mr. Ho Kom Tong, 0.B.E.
223. Occupational therapy in the form of gardens was started with seedlings gifted by the Botanical and Forestry Department.
224. In addition, careful thought was given to the comfort and well-being of the lepers, each inmate being provided with a bed-instead of having to lie on the floor as before--and the dietary was overhauled and placed on a sound. physiological basis.
225. That the conditions were generally appreciated by the inmates is proved by the fact that twenty out of forty lepers transferred to a settlement on the Island of Ching Wei near Swatow walked (some with perforating ulcers of the feet) for twenty days over land and sought readmission to the Hong Kong Settlement. The transfer had been effected by arrangement with the Mayor of the Municipality of Swatow and similar transfers took place to St. Joseph's Leper Asylum at Shek Lung under the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception and to the Pakhoi Settlement with the consent of the authorities of the Church Missionary Society. In all cases, the Hong Kong Government guaranteed to meet the costs of maintenance at the rate of H.K. $4 per head per month.
226. Those transferred were Chinese nationals who had crossed into British territory with other refugees.
227. The Hong Kong Leper Settlement is not designed to take more than 144 in all and it is imperative that it should be reserved as far as possible for Hong Kong citizens who fall victim to the disease.
A
M 55
228. Moreover, the premises acquired from the Tung Wah Hospital Committee are in a dilapidated and dangerous condition and steps will have to be taken in 1940 to demolish them or to effect very costly repairs; hence every effort has to be made to prevent undue overcrowding.
229. Medical treatment consisted chiefly of weekly intramuscular injections of the iodised esters of chaulmoogra oil, the average attendance which was voluntary being forty-nine.
230. Two' births took place and with the written consent of the mothers the babies were removed to homes outside the settlement where it is hoped that they will grow up free from the disease.
231. The numbers of cases dealt with can be seen from the table given below:-
Table XXXV.
Remaining at the end of 1938
Admitted during 1939
Transferred to Shek Lung Asylum.
Transferred to Ching Wei Settlement
Transferred to Pakhoi Settlement
Escaped
Died
Discharged
Remaining at end of 1939
VII.-PRISONS AND MENTAL HOSPITAL.
133
295
100
40
25
67
21
3
172
(A) Prisons.
232. The admissions to the Hong Kong Prison during 1939 numbered 11,964. In addition, 1,428 were admitted to Lai Chi Kok Female Prison. Sixty- three deaths, not including eleven legal executions, were recorded in the male prison and none took place in the female prison. Over one third of these deaths were due to tuberculosis, mostly of the pulmonary type.
233. Overcrowding of the Hong Kong Prison was a serious feature, about twice the number of prisoners being accommodated than the prison was designed to hold.
234.
Certain improvements were effected in connexion with the disposal of
human wastes.
Further details are included in appendix VII.
235. 922 boys were admitted to the remand home for boys in 1939 and 141 girls were admitted to the corresponding home for girls.
236. Both the homes were visited regularly by Government medical officers.
(B) Mental Hospital.
237. The occupation of Canton by the Japanese Army and the closing of the river to shipping towards the end of 1938 made it impossible to transfer Chinese nationals from the Mental Hospital to the Fong Chuen Insane Asylum in Canton. It should be explained that the Mental Hospital in Hong Kong has a very limited capacity and is intended for Hong Kong citizens only, foreign patients and Chinese nationals being transferred as often as may be necessary to their country of origin or to Canton.)
M 56
238. After the invasion of Canton the asylum there came under the kindly care of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception and the Hong Kong Government undertook to pay (for the duration of Sino-Japanese hostilities) the sum of $4 per head per month for all patients admitted there from this Colony. As might be expected, the extension of military operations to Southern Kwangtung resulted in large numbers of mentally afflicted persons crossing the border for safety.
239. The Mental Hospital became very overcrowded and Government authorized the conversion of the former sisters quarters at the old Government Civil Hospital into wards for women patients and for the European staff and mental attendants.
240. This very welcome addition to the Mental Hospital greatly relieved the overcrowded condition and made it possible to carry out a certain amount of mental therapy on individual cases which has not been practicable hitherto.
241. Later in 1939, the Japanese Military Authorities courteously gave permission for transfers of patients to the Canton asylum and the congested state of the Mental Hospital was further relieved to a considerable extent. Steps were taken during the year under review to extend the amount of occupational therapy, at any rate amongst the women's section.
242. Patients were encouraged to knit, sew and mend, and sweep and clean their rooms. It is intended to extend this list of occupations in 1940.
243. The following table gives particulars of admissions, transfers, deaths in the hospital in 1939:-
Table XXXVI.
RETURN OF PATIENTS TREATED DURTING 1939.
Remaining in from 1938
115
Admitted during 1939
436
Total
551
Discharged apparently cured
85
Discharged relieved
105
Transferred to other general hospitals
9
Transferred to Canton Insane Asylum
174
Died
36
Remaining at end of 1939
142
Total
551
Daily average, 1939— 122
VIII.-METEOROLOGY.
244. Some notes on the climate of Hong Kong will be found in the Report of 1938. During 1939, the highest monthly average temperature-87.8°-was recorded in July and the lowest-56.8°-in January; the lowest absolute minimum (49.9°) being registered in January. May was the wettest month with 20.9 inches of rain and from March to September 79.3 out of the total of 86.7 inches of rain fell. The relative humidity was highest in March when it rose to 89 and lowest in December with 62. The appended table gives further details :-
Table XXXVII,
THE FOLLOWING TABLE GIVES THE MEANS, TOTALS OR EXTREMES OF THE METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE SEVERAL MONTHS OF THE YEAR 1939.
Month
Barometer
at M.S.L.
Mean
Temperature
Ilumidity
Wind'
Cloudi- Sun-
Rain
Absolute Mean
Mean Absolute
ness
shine
Mean
p.c.
Abs.
Direction Velocity
max
max
min
min
inches
°F
°F
°F
°F
°F
Rel.
inches
p.c.
hours
inches
Points Miles p.h.
January
30.18 73.6
65.5
60.4
56.8
49.9
79
0.42
69
130.2
1.100
E/N
9.2
February
30.15 76.1
67.8
62.7
59.2
53.9
79
0.45
63
138.2
0.020
Е
10.8
|
-
March
30.00 78.1
68.4
64.6
61.9
53.7
89
0.55
94
44.1
3.540
E
12.1
April
29.97 80.6
72.5
68.4
65.0
50.4
82
0.59
83
91.3
15.800
E/N
9.8
M 57
May
29.82 89.0
80.8
75.9
72.5
67.5
85
0.76
79
131.6
20.985
E
11.0
June
29.78 89.5
85.7
81.5
78.2
70.9
85
0.91
83
133.7
8.645
SSW
9.1
July
29.63
94.0
87.8
82.3
78.3
73.9
84
0.92
71
197.6
12.695
SW
5.3
August
29.65
93.2
87.2
81.6
77.4
72.0
83
0.89
65
206.8
12.820
E/S
7.2
September
29.86
92.3
86.0
80.9
77.1.
68.9
77
0.81
61
185.7
4.865
E/N
8.4
October
29.96 91.8
83.2
77.7
74.3
64.7
73
0.69
55
203.8
1.410
E/N
8.5
November
30.06 87.0
76.6
71.2
67.4
53.8
75
0.59
75
123.6
4.825
ENE
9.5
December
30.27
73.2
68.8
61.9
56.9
52.0
62
0.34
24
269.2
0.000
NE/E 7.3
Mean total
29.94
94.0
77.5
72.4
68.7
49.9
79
0.66
69
1855.8
86.705
E
9.0
or extreme
M 58
IX. SCIENTIFIC.
(A) Annual Report of the Government Bacteriological Institute.
(a) Introductory.
245. (i) Administrative :-The government bacteriologist, Dr. A. V. Greaves, was absent on long leave from January until October 1939; his duties during this period were performed by the assistant government bacteriologist, Dr. R. S. Begbie.
Dr. R. E. Alvares was appointed to the staff as an assistant at the end of January, and one additional technical laboratory assistant was also added to the staff at the same time.
246. (ii) Buildings and equipment :-(a) There were no alterations to the existing buildings.
(b) One new pony was added to our stock for the production of anti- meningococcic serum, and has been in steady use since.
(c) A new incubator was purchased. This is supposed to add to our incubator space in view of increased vaccine production. Actually, it merely helps to keep the existing space, as the two other large ones are frequently out of action for repairs at different times due to causes connected with age.
(d) A new refrigerator was purchased. This too merely helps to take the place of a very old machine which is frequently out of action for repairs.
247. (iii) Library:-The following books were added during the year :-
"Muir's Bacteriological Atlas," By C. E. Van Rooyen, M.D. (Edin.)
"Muir and Ritchie's Manual of Bacteriology," Revised. By C. H.
Browning and T. J. Mackie (Tenth Edition).
"Hand Book of Practical Bacteriology" By T. J. Mackie, M.D., D.P.H.
J. E. McCartney, M.D., D.S.C.
"Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products.'
248. (iv) General -The development and extension of the work of the Medical Department as a whole is reflected vividly in the activities of the Institute. It should hardly be necessary to mention such an obvious point, but it is one, nevertheless, which is apt to be overlooked. It has always been taken for granted, for example, that diagnostic material of any type and in any quantity referred to the Institute will always result in complete and reliable reported results. This is quite reasonable when applied to an organization equipped and staffed on a liberal scale. To a laboratory housed, equipped and financially supported on the modest scale which is the lot of the Bacteriological Institute, however, it is an entirely different matter, and it becomes increasingly difficult year by year to respond unquestioningly to such demands. The volume of work has reached a figure at which obvious advantages would occur from a definite splitting up into different divisions, but with the small technical staff at our disposal this is impossible. The figures for the year reveal that a total of over twenty thousand blood sera were subjected to the Kahn test for syphilis, this means an average of over four hundred tests weekly. There can be no question that a separate serological division is indicated to take care of a volume of work of one special type of such magnitude. The increase in the staff mentioned in the first paragraph has helped in taking care of the increased load of work, but hardly more than this, and I am not looking forward to the coming year with an altogether easy mind, more especially as Dr. R. S. Begbie is due for long leave.
J
t
M 59
The total number of tests recorded is 60,790; this compares with 44,710 in 1938.
The preparation and distribution of anti-cholera vaccine continues to occupy much of our time.
(b) Protozoology and Helminthology.
249. (v) Blood films for Malaria :-Fourteen thousand, eight hundred and forty blood films were examined for malarial parasites. Seven thousand, nine hundred and eighty contained parasites. While the appended table shows the classification of the parasites found, it is somewhat incomplete owing to the fact that the number of films for diagnosis became so great that during the latter months of the year species diagnosis was only carried out on special cases instead of routinely, consequently the figure for "unclassified" is unduly large.
,
BLOODS EXAMINED FOR MALARIA.
Table XXXVIII.
European. Indian.
Chinese.
Total.
Sub-tertian
51
211
3,384
3,646
Benign-tertian
64
115
2,727
2,906
Quartan
1
3
300
304
Unclassified
19
45
885
949
Multiple infection
4
5
10
166
175
Negative
464
298
6,098
6,860
Grand total
603
677
13,560
14,840
250. (vi) Filaria:-Eighteen films were examined for filarial embryos and seven positives found. M. bancrofti was the infecting species.
251.
(vii) Faeces-Three thousand stools were searched for parasites and the presence or absence of the typical cytological picture of bacillary dysentery. Two points are of interest in the table appended: firstly, the increase in positive findings of all kinds, and secondly, the continued steady increase in the number of stools containing entamoeba histolytica.
M 60
› EXAMINATION OF STOOLS FOR INTESTINAL PARASITES.
Table XXXIX.
European.
Indian.
Chinese.
Total.
Ascaris
18
12
258
288
Clonorchis
6
223
229
Trichuris
8
4
99
111
Ankylostoma
1
8
75
84
Enterobius
1
بسم
1
2
E. histolytica
7
55
62
Fasciolopsis
6
6
Multiple infestation
9
1
241
251
Negative
367
104
1,496
1,967
Grand total
417
129
2,454
3,000
(e) Serology.
252. (viii) The Kahn reaction:-Twenty thousand, three hundred and twenty- eight sera were tested. The results are shown in the table.
EXAMINATION OF BLOOD SERA FOR SYPHILIS.
Table XL
European.
Indian.
Chinese.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Strong positive..
38
3
95
2,201
994
3,331
Positive
31
1
41
1,111
469
1,653
Weak positive...
20
2
24
692
237
975
Doubtful
16
3
34
752
271
1,076
Negative
574
72
696
16
7,387
....
4,548 13,293
Grand total ........
679
81
890
16
12,143
6,519
20,328
253. (ix) Agglutination tests :-Three thousand one hundred and thirty sera were examined for the presence of agglutinins against various organisms. Eight hundred and twenty nine were positive for some specific organism.
*
:
M 61
AGGLUTINATION TESTS.
European
Table XLI.
Indian
Chinese
Origanism
Total
Pos.
Neg. Doubtful Pos.
Neg. Doubtful Pos.
Neg. Doubtful
B. typhosus...
37
76
5
B. para A..
1
112
3
B. para B..
3
110
2225
19
701
2,177
24
1
9
2,869
33333
24
2,874
3,121
Enteric fever (type
undetermined)
2
60
B. melitensis
B. abortus
Weil Felix reaction
2
6
216
212
Total for each race;
127
27
2,976
3,130
(d) Bacteriological Examinations.
254. (x) Faeces:-Three thousand, nine hundred and fifty-eight stools were cultured for pathogenic organisms. In addition, seven hundred and eleven were microscopically examined for the presence or absence of the cytological picture in- dicative of bacillary dysentery.
STOOLS EXAMINED FOR ORGANISMS.
Table XLII.
European
Indian
Chinese
Organisms
Total
Pos.
Neg.
Pos. Neg.
Pos.
Neg.
B. typhosus
2
29
3
11
239
284
B. dysenteriae
(group)
240
75
1,398
1,713
Cytology
typical of
B. dysenteriae
40
14
657
711-
B. dysenteriae
(Flexner)
6
1
15
22
B. dysenteriae
(Shiga)
B. dysenteriae
(Schmitz)
V. cholerae
1
30
11
Grand total !
49
299
15
694 1,203 1,939
89 1,377 2,840 4,669
M 62
255. (xi) Sputum :-Three thousand, five hundred and fourteen sputa were examined for the presence of the tubercle bacillus. The relatively enormous increase in these figures over those of last year (822) is probably accounted for by the fact that during 1939 tuberculosis was made a notifiable disease.
SPUTA EXAMINED FOR TUBERCULOSIS.
Table XLIII,
Positive
Negative
Grand total
European
Indian
Chinese
Total
25
17
1,251
1,293
118
75
2,028
2,221
143
92
3,279
3,514
256.
(xii) Urine :-Five hundred and nine cultural examinations were made for pathogenic organisms.
257. (xiii) Urethral and cervical smears :-One thousand, one hundred and eighty-five urethral and cervical smears were examined for the presence of the gonococcus.
258. (xiv) Nasal and other scrapings for M. leprae-Nine hundred and thirteen examinations were carried out for the detection of this organism. Three hundred and eighty-six positive results were recorded.
259. (xv) Throat swabs :-Two thousand, three hundred and seventy-seven throat swabs were cultured for C. diphtheriae.
THROAT SWABS EXAMINED FOR DIPHTHERIA
Positive
Negative
Grand total
Table XLIV.
European
Indian
Chinese
Total
114
5
492
611
461
23
1,282
1,766
575
28
1,774
2,377
260. (xvi) Cerebro-spinal fluid :-Two thousand, two hundred and fifteen fluids were examined for the presence of the meningococcus and other pathogenic organisms.
CEREBRO-SPINAL FLUID EXAMINED FOR MENINGOCOCCI
AND OTHER ORGANISMS.
Table XLV.
European
Indian
Chinese
Total
Meningococcus
298
298
Pneumococcus
3
87
90
Negative
7.
3
1,817
1,827
Grand total
10
3
2,202
2,215
→
M 63
261. (xvii) Rat spleen smears :-Three hundred and sixty four rat spleens were smeared and stained for P. pestis. No positive findings are recorded.
(e) Clinical Pathological Procedures.
262. (xviii) Friedmann test for pregnancy :-Twenty-four Friedmann tests were performed during the year.
263. (xix) Urine examinations :-Seven hundred and eighty routine chemical and microscopic examinations of urine were carried out.
264. (xx) Miscellaneous tests :-Six hundred and ninety-two tests of a mis- cellaneous nature were performed. Among them were three hundred and ninety- nine blood-groupings, fourteen virulence tests for K.L.B. and one Paul-Bunnell test.
(f) Preparation of Vaccine Lymph.
265. (xxi) The preparation of lymph was again carried out on a large scale, although not in the enormous quantity of the previous year.
Table XLVI.
Amount of lymph prepared
29,850
C.C.
Amount of lymph issued
28,363
C.C.
Amount of lymph in stock at end of year
32,692 C.C.
No. of buffalo calves scraped for pulp
42
Total pulp collected
Average per buffalo calf.
6,883 g.
163.8 g.
(g) Preparation of Vaccines and Sera.
266. (xxii) Antimeningococcus serum :-A large amount of serum was used again this year, 45,560 c.c. Part of this was purchased as we were unable to keep up with the demand. Only 25,400 c.c. was prepared from our own ponies.
267. (xxiii) Gonococcus vaccine :-The total amount prepared and issued was 15,959 c.c. made up as follows :
5,660 C.C.
10,299 c.c.
100 million per c.c.
1,000 million per c.c.
268. (xxiv) Autogenous vaccines:-Forty-three autogenous vaccines were prepared.
268. (xxv) Cholera vaccine-Vaccine was used this year in unprecedented quantity. The Institute was able to keep up with the demand successfully.
Quantity prepared
Quantity issued
268,860 C.C.
344,150
C.C.
270. (xxvi) Anti-rabic vaccine :-Seven animal brains were examined for rabies. None of them was found to be rabid. Two thousand, two hundred and seventy- one doses of anti-rabic vaccine were issued.
M 64
―
Table XLVII.
Treatment
Nationality
completed
Treatment not completed
Total
British
Chinese
Portuguese
Indian
Russian
American
15
32
21
36
175
207
1
3
4
3
1
4
1
1
2
2
Eurasian
1
1
German
Outport
Grand total
1
1
15
15
67
204
271
Total number of doses issued
(h) Examination of Water and Milk.
2.271.
271. (xxvii) Bacteriological analysis of water:-One thousand, six hundred and eighty samples of water from various sources, chiefly public supplies, were examined.
Table XLVIII.
Unfiltered raw water
123
Filtered raw water
183
Filtered and chlorinated water from service taps through-
out the Colony
1.340
Well Water
S
Water from other than public supplies
26
Total
1,680
272. (xxviii) Bacteriological analysis of milk:-One hundred and thirty-three samples of milk were examined, chiefly at the instance of the Health Division.
(i) Medico-Legal Investigations.
273. (xxix) Sixty-seven investigations were carried out on materials brought in by the Police.
They were of the following character:
Blood stains
Seminal stains
Miscellaneous
() Morbid Histology.
31
28
274. (xxx) Two hundred and forty-six sections of tissues were prepared for histological examination. Forty-one were malignant growths and forty-three benign. One hundred and twenty-five were of general pathological importance and the re- mainder, thirty-seven, were from post-mortem cases.
M 65
ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND OTHER EXAMINATIONS.
Table XLIX.
Total for
Nature of Examination
Total for
1939
1938
Blood
Urine
Agglutination
reaction
B. typhosus
B. paratyphosus A
B.
B
Weil Felix reaction
B. dysenteriae
B. melitensis
B. abortus
Serological reaction for syphilis
Blood
smears
Cultural
suoneшiшeXO
Malaria Filaria
Blood count, etc.
Naso-pharyngeal swabs (C. diphtheriae) Spinal fluid (meningococcus)
3,121
2,091
13
HN
N W
3
2
20,328
14,840
17,111
8,716
18
13
80
51
2,377
1,612
2,215
1,208
Faeces (typhosus, paratyphosus, cholera, etc.)
4,669
4,139
34
569
509
265
Faeces
Intestinal parasites
3,000
3,632
Occult blood
182
58
Tubercle bacillus
8
14
Tissue Sections
246
381
Friedmann test for pregnancy
24
33
Miscellaneous
examinations
Sputa Pus Urine
Smear for gonococcus
M. leprae
Animals for rabies
Medico-legal examinations
Bacteriological examination of milk
analysis of water
Rideal-Walker test of disinfectants
Autogenous vaccine prepared
Miscellaneous
3,514
822
113
110
780
501
1,185
1,115
913
178
7
12
67
81
133
133
1,680
1,521
3
6
43
18
692
302
Total
60,790
44,710
A. V. GREAVES, M.B. (Tor.), M.C.P. & S.,
(Ont.), D.T.M. (Liverpool).
Government Bacteriologist.
M 66
(B) Annual Report of the Malaria Bureau, 1939. 275. Dr. J. B. Mackie was appointed malariologist on Mr. M. R. Deb departed on leave on 6th May.
on 4th
4th January, and
276. The present report deals entirely with new work done by the Malaria Bureau during the year 1939, and makes no reference to previous research or the extensive routine anti-malarial work. Those details can be found by those interested in the Annual Reports of 1930-1936.
277. Deaths ascribed to malaria were 1,492, or 3.09 per centum of deaths registered from all causes. The corresponding figures for 1938 were 733 and 1.9
per centum respectively.
278. As in 1938, the influx of a large number of refugees from the rural districts of Kwangtung, whose resistance had been lowered by exposure and under nourishment, again raised the incidence of malaria. This is reflected in the figures obtainable from the Chinese public dispensaries. From the Western and Central Dispensaries located in the heart of the city where no malaria occurs, 1,844 cases of malaria were reported.
In the New Territories the influence of refugees is most strikingly seen from the analysis of the police returns for the New Territories. In the border district between Lo Wu and Sha Tau Kok, which bore the brunt of the invasion of refugees, it will be seen from the figures below that the five police stations, Lo Wu, Sheung Shui, Ta Ku Ling, Lin Ma Hang and Sha Tau Kok, with a combined establishment of 104, had 224 cases of malaria-compared with the whole of the remainder of the New Territories force of 176 which had 177 cases. This increase of over 100% in the border stations can only be accounted for by the higher local infection rate of the mosquitos, as conditions favourable to anopheline breeding are more or less uniform over the whole New Territories.
In November, an out-of-season typhoon accompanied by very heavy rainfall flooded large tracts in the New Territories, and opened up potential breeding places on the Island, which are normally dry at this time of the year.
A warm and sunny December following gave rise to ideal conditions for the breeding of A. jeyporiensis with the result that the peak of malaria, which usually occurs in November was continued well into December. This is well seen in the malaria figures for the Police Force.
Military works in the year necessitating the housing of heavily infected coolie labour on the outskirts of residential areas undoubtedly gave rise to a certain number of cases in districts in which malaria does not normally occur, and in which it had not been previously considered necessary to undertake anti-malarial work.
279. The local army strength figures are not available, but malaria amongst the troops in the New Territories was fairly high in view of the extensive operations in areas outside the control of the Bureau on the out-break of war. There were 351 cases amongst British troops. At Lyemun, there was a slight reduction in the number of cases of malaria in 1939. The Air Force, situated inside the area controlled by the Malaria Bureau, had only three cases of malaria in the year.
No cases of malaria were recorded from the 500 Indian and European staff of the Stanley Gaol or the Government Civil Hospital.
280. Night catching was discontinued in 1939, as inspectors previously working in the Laboratory were needed for field work under the expansion of the anti-malaria programme. One inspector only was retained in the Laboratory.
Identification of the species.
281. No new species were discovered in 1939. found gave the following results :-
·
M 67
A. minimus, A. jeyporiensis var. candidiensis, A. maculatus, A. hyrcanus var. sinensis, A. fluviatilis, A. aitkenii var. bengalensis, A. splendidus, A. karwari and A. vagus.
282. The first two species are responsible for serving as vectors in the major number of cases of malaria that occur.
283. In September, 1939, it was found possible to spare an inspector to take charge of a field station in connexion with anti-malarial work at the Refugee Camp at Kam Tin. With the funds available, it was impossible to engage a labour force adequate to deal with the surrounding paddy. A species control of A. minimus and A. jeyporiensis only, therefore, in the surrounding half mile area, was attempted. This involved the routine clearing and oiling of all streams and irrigation ditches. Propaganda amongst the villagers to obtain weekly draining off of the paddy was partly successful.
A blood survey amongst the 1,500 refugees showed an infection rate of 24.59%.
The Kam Tin Valley is a favourable breeding place for A. vagus which is not easily found in other parts of the Colony. The opportunity of catching and dissecting this species in considerable numbers was therefore taken. From the attached tables, it will be seen that of the 688 dissected, no stomach or gland infections were found. In surveys in the surrounding country, its larval breeding places namely, grassy pools, hoof-marks, wet cultivations, paddy fields and furrows between crops were verified. Dissection of other species confirmed previous research work, incriminating A. minimus and A. jeyporiensis as good carriers and A. hyrcanus as a poor one.
284. Routine checking catches of adult mosquitos at stations under control of the Bureau were carried out. Few anophelines were caught, and none of those obtained were found to be infected.
This
285. The anti-malarial programme carried out in 1938 was maintained. work involving, as it did, clearing and oiling of some 84,000 yards of streams, and inspection of 24 square miles of territory, was carried out by the seven inspectors of the Bureau and a coolie labour force of 105.
In addition, the following new anti-malarial work was carried out :—
(a) Kowloon City.
Control of a large area of wet cultivation and its concomitant network of streams and irrigation ditches was obtained between Kowloon City and the R.A.F. Barracks at Kai Tak. In addition to routine anti- malaria measures, propaganda was carried out in the villages and schools to educate the inhabitants in dryer and tidier methods of cultivation. The mosquito nuisance at the Kowloon City airport subsequently entirely disappeared, and no cases of malaria were recorded from the civil airport personnel.
(b) A few cases of malaria occurred amongst the troops at the Sham Shui Po Barracks. Work was undertaken by the Bureau in the surrounding area with a labour force provided by the Army. No further cases of malaria occurred.
(c) The H. B. Brewery situated at Sham Tseng in the New Territories requested assistance at the beginning of this year. Anti-malaria work was carried out for half mile round the brewery. The cost of the work was borne by the management, its supervision was undertaken by the Malaria Bureau. The local village population co-operated well in the weekly drainage of paddy and the care of irrigation ditches.
- M 68
(d) Anti-malarial work was undertaken round the Volunteer Camp at Fanling
from October to December.
(e) Permanent anti-malarial drainage was carried out by the Public Works Department by the training of 2,160 feet of stream channels at Queen Mary Hospital site, the channels varying in size from 45′′ to 12′′ in diameter. The total expenditure was $17,580.00.
(f) An experimental "Ceylon Flushing Syphon" was installed by the Public Works Department at Mount Cameron. This tank worked satisfactorily during the dry season and enabled the "De Villiers" tank, constructed the previous year, to function normally throughout the winter.
(g) Tables are appended of work of an entomological nature undertaken by the Bureau during the year. From March to December, 4,496 fleas were examined at the Bureau. Of these, 89.13% were Xenopoylla cheopis; 9.99% Leptopsylla segnis and 0.88% Ctenocephalus felis. There was little monthly variation in the cheopis percentage, but from the tables, it would appear that the rats appear to be more heavily infested in the damper months of April, May and June.
A fly nuisance was investigated during the year at the Queen Mary Hospital. 2,404 flies caught at the Hospital were identified at the Bureau. Investigations round the hospital proved that the large proportion of Musca domestica were undoubtedly breeding in the manure used in the cultivation of grass at the Dairy Farm. Recommendations in regard to the destruction of Musca larvae in the manure produced a drop in the figures in July, and it is hoped that this, combined with tidier methods of cultivation will completely eradicate the nuisance in 1940.
286. Mosquito nuisances were investigated at:-
(a) Barker Road, (b) Mount Cameron Road, (c) The Peak, (d) Leighton Hill, (e) North Point, (f) Shaukiwan, (g) Repulse Bay, (h) Queen Mary Hospital, (i) Kowloon Tong, () Prince Edward Road, (k) Argyle Street, (1) Ho Man Tin, (m) Water Police Station, (Tsim Sha Tsui), (n) Railway Quarters (Hunghom).
287. Teaching of Mosquitology.
(a) Demonstrations in collecting mosquito larvae and adults and instruction in the elements of malaria prevention were given to two classes of Royal Army Medical Corps men. Captain Curran, R.A.M.C., engaged in anti- malarial work for the Army made use of the resources of the laboratory, and the knowledge and experience of the staff were placed at his disposal.
(b) Lectures and demonstrations were given to Teachers Association at King's
College.
(c) Lectures to probationer sanitary inspectors on mosquitology and prevention
of malaria were delivered, and demonstrations on field work given.
(d) Lectures on mosquito prevention were given at schools in the Kowloon
City and at Kam Tin.
(e) Material for the teaching of mosquitology was supplied to the R.A.M.C. College, Millbank, the Lester Institute, Shanghai, the Lingnan University and the Peiping University.
-
M 69
288. Seven tables are appended. The first gives details of 2,701 anopheline larvae examined microscopically for identification purposes, the second relates to some 322 adults hatched out from larvae and pupae, the third summarizes the results of catches and dissections for malaria infection of anophelines caught at the Pat Heung Refugee Camp, the fourth of a blood survey to determine the parasite infection rate amongst the refugees at the Camp, the fifth gives an analysis of malaria cases occurring in New Territory police stations, the sixth of feas identified at the laboratory and the seventh of flies caught at Queen Mary Hospital identified at the laboratory.
J. B. MACKIE,
M.B., CH.B. (Edin.), D.P.H. (Liv.), D.T.M. (Liv.)
Government Malariologist.
ANOPHELINE LARVAE IDENTIFIED MICROSCOPICALLY.
1939.
Table L.
A.
A.
A.
Month.
maculatus. minimus.
jeyporien- sis.
A. hyrcanus.
A.
vagus.
A.
aitkenii.
Total.
January
16
5
14
7
42
February
275
280
18
274
51
898
March
23
4
27
April
May
June
12
12
July
August
September
67
224
291
October
112
428
540
November
120
34
2
353
2
511
December
31
57
3
214
75
380
TOTALS... 577
380
37
1,355
301
51
2,701
January February
March
April
May June July August
September
M 70
ANOPHELINE ADULTS HATCHED OUT FROM PUPAE AND LARGE LARVAE AND IDENTIFIED MICROSCOPICALLY,
1939.
Table LI.
A.
Month.
A. maculatus. minimus.
A.
jeyporien- sis.
A.
.A.
hyrcanus. aitkenii.
Total.
7
8
2
17
100
66
25
26
217
6
1
7
October
November
14
December
44
4
21
TOTALS....
131
92
4 34
22
59
.00
8
65
26
322
RESULTS OF CATCHES AND DISSECTIONS FOR MALARI INFECTION OF ANOPHELINES CAUGHT AT PAT HEUNG REFUGEE CAMPS, DURING THE YEAR 1939.
Table LII.
Month.
Species
No. caught.
No. dissected.
No. with No. with infected infected
glands only.
No. with infected
midgut glands &
only.
midgut.
A. hyrcanus
983
466
September
A. vagus
683
311
A. maculatus
1
A. minimus
2
A. hyrcanus
2,085
652
October
A. vagus
841
326
A. hyrcanus
732
316
November.
A. vagus
80
43
A. minimus
31
23
A. jeyporiensis
32
27
A. hyrcanus
42
44
A. vagus
9
8
December. A. maculatus
1
1
A. minimus
30
25
A. jeyporiensis
43
36
2
| | 7 |
11149
1
A. hyrcanus
3,842
1,478
A. vagus
1,613
688
TOTALS.. A. maculatus
2
1
A. minimus
A. jeyporiensis
33833
63
75
ஓக
48
63
12
100111
Percen-
tage of
infection.
4.35
8.00
5.56
6.25
3.17
M 71
RESULTS OF BLOOD SURVEY DONE AT THE PAT HEUNG REFUGEE CAMPS IN DECEMBER, 1939.
Table LIII.
Camp No.
No. of blood-films
No. of blood-films
Percentage of
taken.
found positive.
positive films.
1
294
82
28
2
226
53
23
00
3
229
44
19
4
260
53
20
5
253
70
28
6
263
73
28
TOTALS
1,525
375
MALARIA CASES REPORTED FROM POLICE STATIONS IN THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Table LIV.
25
Sha Tau
Kok.
Sheung Shui.
Ta Ku Ling.
Lin Ma Hang.
Lo Wu.
Total.
Total No.
for rest of the New Territories.
January
2
2
3
4
February
1
1
3
10
March
1
1
April
6
1
May
1
3
3
1
со
11
4
5
7
2
4
7
2
8
3
June
1
1
2
1
5
I-
7
July
1
1
21
4
1
28
20
August
3
9
LO
5
17
22
September
4
4
3
10
5
16
25
October
6
8
7
10
5
1
27
40
November
10
12
13
00
8
3
46
21
December
13
15
14
8
2
52
22
Total No. of
cases for
the year
38
48
84
45
9
224
177
Total No. of
establish-
ment
25
29
34
00
8
8
104
176
M 72
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION OF FLEAS, 1939.
Table LV.
Total No.
Total No.
Classification.
Percentage
Month.
of rats
of fleas
of X.
X.
L.
C.
examined. obtained.
cheopis.
cheopis.
segnis.
felis.
March April May
June
26
393
325
67
1
83
58
816
661
146
9
81
94
874
761
97
16
87
102
685
665
16
4
97
July
93
342
333
6
3
97
August
85
313
313
100
September
87
240
233
4
3
со
97
October
60
163
150
13
92
November
61
288
254
34
88
December
82
382
313
66
3
82
TOTAL
748 4.496
4,008
449
39
89
...
PERCENTAGE
89.14
9.99
0.87
EXAMINATION OF FLIES CAUGHT AT QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL DURING THE YEAR 1939. (Captured in Japanese fly-traps).
Table LVI.
Classification.
Month.
Total No.
Muscidae.
Calliphoridae.
caught.
M.
vicina. sorbena.
M.
Sarcophaga.
Chrysomyia. Lucilia. megacephala. cuprina.
June
468
455
4.
3
4
2
July
509
488
6
8
3
4
August
430
389
16
3
21
1
September
299
295
2
2
...
October
258
255
3
November
239
234
4
1
...
December
201
198
2
1
TOTAL... 2,404 2,314
PERCENTAGE
26
25
32
7
96.26
1.08
1.04
1.33
0.29
M 73
(C) Annual Report of the Government Analytical Laboratory, 1939.
289. The work of the Hong Kong Government Laboratory differs from that usually associated with a sub-department of this type, in that a very considerable amount of work, usually done by consulting analysts, is carried out here, and for which fees are paid into the Treasury. This non-government work comes under
two heads.
(a) Analyses of stores, etc., for the Naval, Military, and Air Force Authorities, described below as semi-official work and for which, in the majority of cases, full fees are now charged.
(b) Analyses carried out for local firms and individuals in the Colony, the majority of which are the testing of exports of China produce, e.g., tin and oils, and for which full fees are charged.
290. The year 1939 was an exceptional year in regard to the work done in the Government Laboratory. In spite of a large decrease in the amount of un- official work, the total number of samples (5,265) dealt with was greater than in any previous year. This is due to the very large increase in government work which took place during the year..
(a) Official work-i.e., government work.
Table LVII.
1938
1939
Chemico-legal samples, from the Police & Medical
Departments
358
414
Food & drugs samples, under the Ordinance, from the
Sanitary Department
294
431
Water samples, from public supplies
2,198
2,387
Dangerous goods under the Ordinance, from the
Police Department & Fire Brigade
5
3
Bio-chemical examinations, from Medical Department
and University
374
1,189
Materials from various departments for testing:-
Oils from Public Works Department
Coals from Public Works Deparment, Harbour
Department and Kowloon-Canton Railway Building materials from Public Works Department... Foodstuffs from Medical Department, Police De-
partment, etc
4
9
215
207
0
13
138
83
Pharmaceutical samples from government apothe-
cary
20
20
Chemicals from
Medical Department, Public
Works Department, etc.
34
30
Battery acids from Public Works Department
6
1
Minerals and metals
10
7
Miscellaneous samples
23
10
3,679
4.804
M 74
291. The value of work done for government departments, as determined under the Tariff of Charges (Government Notification No. 510 of 1938), was $76,142.00 as against $59,114.00 for 1938. This represents an increase of nearly 30% over 1938 and is due possibly to the increase in population of the Colony.
292. Members of the laboratory attended court in connexion with official work on twenty-three occasions during the year.
(b) Chemico-legal samples.
293. The following table shows the nature of the work done under this head.
Table LVIII.
1938
1939
Toxicological examinations (including post mortem materials from fifty-four persons in 1938 and seventy-two in 1939)
177
254
Counterfeit coins and materials..
Forged notes and materials
54
36
32
0
4
Bombs and explosives
Articles for acid stains.
19
14
18
30
وو
""
""
powder stains
5:5
fire inquiries
0
4
4
3
connected with larceny
0
сл
5
murder
10
LO
5
JJ
وو
attempted murder
3
0
""
armed robbery
3
0
explosion
0
2
27
"
و
robbery with violence
27
26
Medicines connected with abortion cases
0
14
Urine for alcohol
9
16
Other examinations
2
5
294. Pepper was used for causing temporary blindness in eight cases of robbery with violence and there were five cases of corrosive acid throwing.
295. In one counterfeit coin case an ingenious method was used to copy the new safety rim in a mould.
1
M 75
TOXICOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS.
Table LIX.
Nature of poison
No poison found
Opium
Phenolic or cresolic compounds
Crude alkaloids of Gelsemium elegans Benth.
Adalin
Adalin & amidopyrin
Carbon monoxide
Hydrocyanic acid
Sulphuric and nitric acids
Sodium cyanide
Liniment of camphor and turpentine
Caustic soda solution
Mercuric chloride
Arsenic
Alcohol
No. of samples.
70
74
28
13
6
1
3
1
1
со
3
2
3
6
2
2
Barbituric acid derivatives
8
Caffeine
2
Strychnine
Cyanide
4
4
Amidopyrine
Nitric acid
Sodium silicate and sodium carbonate
Lead
Calamine lotion
Morphine and alcohol
1
2
3
1
4
2
8
Kai Po Yu
Total
254
M 76
296.
All the poison cases investigated were the result of suicide, no case of murder by poison occurring during the year.
297. The consumption of Kai Po Yu, a poisonous fish, was the cause of three deaths as well as serious symptoms in several other cases. Much work was done in trying to isolate the poisonous principle, but again without success.
298. The herb, Gelsemium elegans Benth, was again used for suicide in the year under review on three occasions, each with fatal results. Work is being carried out at present to separate the alkaloids in a pure condition.
A
299.
An unusual case of poisoning occurred, happily without fatal results. patient was admitted into hospital after partaking of peanut oil. This oil on examination was found to contain hydrocyanic acid and further samples from the shop where the oil was purchased were also found to contain the poison. The acid was in a combined state and it is probable that a cyanogenetic glycoside was present, due either to admixture with another oil, or to the presence of foreign seeds in the original peanuts from which the oil was made.
300. Concentrated nitric acid was used for suicidal purposes in one case, with terrible effects on the internal organs.
301. A small child drank a solution of sodium silicates, "water glass", and died some days afterwards. The stomach walls were very much corroded.
FOOD AND DRUGS.
Table LX.
No. of samples
Substance.
Boracic acid
Butter, fresh
tinned
"
examined.
No. found genuine.
No. found adulterated
14
13
1
21
21
0
2
2
0
Cheese
18
18
0
Coffee
31
31
0
Milk, condensed
55
55
0
dried full-cream
6
5
1
J
evaporated
17
17
0
fresh
190
187
3
Co
reconstituted
3
CO
3
0
Pea-nut oil
17
17
0
Tea
57
47
10
Total
431
416
15
· M 77
302. A large increase in the amount of this work is to be reported, and it will be noted that no serious amount of adulteration was detected. There were no cases of watered milk but many cases of exhausted tea occurred. This is due to the
demand for a very cheap tea, which is supplied by drying used tea-leaves obtained from Chinese tea-houses and restaurants.
303. The phosphatase test for pasteurized milk was used as a routine check on milk supplied to the public.
(c) Water & Sewage Samples.
304.
Routine analyses of the public supplies were carried out during the year.
305. Samples of water from water boats were examined periodically for pre- sence of sea-water. This contamination occurred much less frequently than in 1938.
(d) Biochemical Examinations.
306. There has been a very large increase in this branch of work, as a result of which it has been decided to engage another junior assistant.
Table LXI.
Blood for blood urea nitrogen
137 samples.
105
sugar
calcium
6
""
22
,,
van den Bergh tests.
11
"
sodium chloride
1
>>
""
Calculi
Fluid taken from cyst
A black lump from cyst
Faeces
Cerebrospinal fluid
12
1
1
22
2
Urine
102
""
Gastric contents
Blood samples in connexion with air raid precaution tests
Urine samples in connexion with air raid precaution tests
(e) Materials from Government departments for testing. 307. In order to determine the price to be paid to the contractors, routine tests. were carried out of all consignments of coal supplied to government. Government departments generally made more use of this laboratory than in previous years.
308. Fumigation of books by means of hydrocyanic acid gas was again carried out in several government buildings.
629
112
,,
48
(f) Semi-Official & Unofficial Work.
M 78
309. After the falling off of unofficial work following the Japanese occupation of Canton in the autumn of 1938, improvement was seen in the spring of 1939, until in the summer of that year the amount dealt with was normal, but, following the European crisis in August, a very bad slump occurred and no improvement had taken place up to the end of the year. However, the large increase in Government work more than made up for the loss of unofficial work.
Table LXII
Semi-official
Unofficial
work.
work.
Examination of steamer tanks for inflammable vapour
2
21
Foodstuffs and fertilizers
18
19
Oils (including fuel, kerosene & petrol)
36
80
Battery acids
23
0
Water samples
0
19
Chemicals
Minerals and metals
Biochemical examinations
Dangerous goods
Pharmaceutical samples
Miscellaneous samples
Total
7
1
0
196
0
1
0
12
0
6
6
14
92
369
Value of work done
(g) Sampling.
$1,562.00
$19,784.00
>
310. The following list gives the amount of sampling done by the sampler attached to the laboratory.
Table LXIII.
1938
1939
Tin Lard
3,751 tons 43,203
2,530 tons
cases
18,108
cases
Wolfram ore
15
tons
•
Cassia oil
30
drums
3
drums
Firecrackers
1,699
cases
2,301
cases
Aniseed oil
20 drums
Brandy
Water
2,010 samples
25 cases
2,102 samples
(h) Special Investigations.
311. A new method for the estimation of alcohol in urine has been adopted. This method avoids the large amount of manipulation of an expensive apparatus previously necessary. Another method, which has been suggested in the laboratory here and which, if successful, will reduce the time and manipulation still further, is being investigated. Preliminary tests indicate that there are possibilities in this suggested method.
312. As stated above, work is being carried out on the alkaloids of Gelsemium elegans Benth.
313. Work in connexion with the estimation of tin and arsenic in wolfram was completed and the new methods adopted.
༽་
>
- M 79
314. In order to determine the effect of air raid precaution work on typical Hong Kong citizens of various nationalities, a series of bio-chemical examinations were made in conjunction with the Medical (Defence) Sub-Committee.
(i) Staff & Equipment.
315. Mr. J. Redman proceeded on long leave on the 6th. of March and returned on the 23rd. of December.
(6) Revenue.
316. The fees paid into the Treasury during the year amounted to $20.702.50 as against $30,085.00 in 1938. The value of work done, both Government and com- mercial, as determined from the Tariff of Charges was $97,488.50 as against $89,709.00 in 1938.
(k) Expenditure for 1938 & 1939 compared.
Table LXIV.
1938
1939
$
52,450.25
56.423.77
Personal emoluments
Other charges
Apparatus & chemicals
4,113.19
4.059.97
Books & journals
369.24
254.87
Conveyance allowance
166.27
175.61
Fuel & light
1,299.47
1,257.95
Incidental expenses
311.39
297.56
Uniforms
99.14
104.69
Total other charges
6,358.70
6,150.65
V. C. BRANSON, M.C., A.R.C.S., D.I.C.,
B.SC., F.I.C.
Government Chemist.
M 80
(D) Report of the University Professorial Units.
UNIVERSITY CLINICAL UNITS AT THE QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL.
MEDICAL UNIT
(a) Report by the Professor of Medicine.
317. After Professor W. I. Gerrard's departure on leave in March, 1939, the department came under the charge of Dr. P. B. Wilkinson. The staff during the remainder of the year included a first and second assistant, a clinical assistant and a house physician.
318. The acting professor has given a course of systematic lectures throughout the year to the fourth and sixth year students and to some of the fifth year students, in addition to which he takes two teaching rounds a week at the Queen Mary Hospital, and two out-patient clinics a week at the old Government Civil Hospital. The first assistant takes one teaching round a week at the Queen Mary Hospital and the second assistant gives a course of systematic lectures in therapeutics.
319. One new post was created during the year, that of lecturer in childrens' diseases. Dr. Lee Hah Liong was appointed in July, 1939, and he has since been in charge of the childrens' clinic in out-patients on Thursday mornings, in addition to which he takes two teaching rounds a week in the childrens' ward. He also makes a round with the professor once a week.
320. Considerable attention has been paid throughout the year to the specific infectious diseases, and the practice of taking groups of students to the Infectious .Diseases Hospital for teaching at the bedside has been begun and maintained. It has proved possible to fit in a teaching round once a week at the Infectious Diseases Hospital and in addition to this one of the set lectures each week is now devoted to an infectious disease. It is obviously important that those who intend to practise medicine in China should be intimately acquainted with smallpox, cholera and the purulent meningitides, the diseases which constitute the bulk of the material at the Infectious Diseases Hospital.
321. Investigations have been carried out on the effect of the sulphanilamide preparations in various infections, the three most important being lobar pneumonia, typhoid and meningococcal meningitis. The number of cases treated in any one group thus far is too small to enable definite results to be drawn, but it seems that streptocide is of little use in typhoid infections, and the incidence of sequelae such as empyema and lung abscess appears to be increased slightly by the use of M. and B. 693. A method of estimating the concentration of the sulphanilamide drugs in the body fluids has recently been adapted from Marshall's diazo colorimetric method, and has already proved of considerable use in the accurate treatment of those diseases which respond to this group of drugs.
322. Some work has also been done on the vitamin C content of the tissues, using Rotter's dichlorophenolindophenol test, and the results obtained have been published in the Caduceus. A more direct attack on the problem of beri-beri has been initiated, in cooperation with the department of physiology, by the employment of a colorimetric method for the estimation of the vitamin B, content of various food- stuffs. It is hoped that by the use of this method an assay of locally occurring pro- ducts which contain vitamin B1 may be made.
323. The incidence of beri-beri remains high and it is curious to note how slow the therapeutic response is to B, rich diets. Even when these are supplemented with parenteral administration of the vitamin the clinical response is usually slow.
M 81
324. Investigations have been made on the Mantoux reactions of a group of in-patients chosen at random, and they show clearly that the percentage of positive reactions rises with age, only 15% of the one to five year group being positive whereas over 80% of the above twenty groups give a positive reaction. These re- sults seem to indicate that it is a waste of time and material to Mantoux test adults of over twenty.
325. The provision of after-care for cases of tuberculosis and cardiovascular disease constitutes a formidable problem. The position as regards tuberculosis will not improve until the disease is attacked from the social side for the simple reason that there is not hospital accommodation in the Colony for a fiftieth of the cases which exist. The cardiac cripples are in equally unhappy cases and are compelled to eke out their existence by alternating between hospital and slum home. The majority of the children who suffer from cardiac disease are classified as cases of rheumatic carditis, but it is worthy of note that Sydenham's chorea and rheumatic nodules are never seen clinically, nor is it common to find Aschoff's nodes when the myocardium is examined.
326. The two outstanding aetiological problems which confront us here at the moment are the carditis of children and the cirrhosis of the liver which is so common in young adult males.
adult males. The former is not distinctively "rheumatic" in the European sense of the term, and whatever the latter is, and no factor has yet been incriminated, it is certainly not alcoholic.
327. Cases treated as inpatients in the university teaching medical wards :-
Men
211
344
Women
133
Children (under 12 years old)
130
Total
474
Number of cases died during the year.
Adults
Children
Total death
36
28
64
328. Cases treated as out-patients at the university medical out-patient clinics :-
(a) Afternoon clinic (general medical cases)
Mondays and Thursdays:
1,646 new cases seen and treated: many of these cases attended more than
once, bringing to a total of 4,395 attendances.
(b) Children's clinic.
Thursday mornings:
461 new cases seen and treated: many of these cases attended more than
once, bringing to a total of 1,286 attendances.
The total number of cases seen and treated by the medical unit at out-patients department both general and children during the year 1939 was 5,681 (this figure included old and new cases, men, women and children).
M 82
329. The following special tests have been carried out :
Blood urea
Blood sugar
Table LXV.
Fractional test meal
Blood sedimentation rate
Urea clearance test
330. Classification of Diseases (in-patients) 1939.
Table LXVI,
ADULTS.
SPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES:
Bacterial:
30
6
25
153
3
حن
Cerebro-spinal meningitis.
1
Diphtheria
1
Dysentry :
Amoebic dysentery
2
Bacillary dysentery
1
Leprosy
1
Pneumonia:
Lobar pneumonia 91
10
Resolving
Typhoid fever
10
Tuberculosis:
Acute miliary (generalized) tuberculosis...
7
Peritoneal tuberculosis
5
Pulmonary tuberculosis
31
Protozoan :
Malaria :
B. T. malaria
4
B.T. & S.T. malaria
8
Clinical malaria
S.T. malaria
6
Black water fever
1
་
Metazoan:
Ankylostomiasis
Ascariasis
Taeniasis
Spirochaetes:
M 83
Syphilis :
Cerebral syphilis
Latent syphilis
Diseases of doubtful etiology:
Rheumatic fever
Whooping cough
INTOXICATIONS :
Opium addiction
DISEASES OF METABOLISM AND OF DEFICIENCY :
Beri-beri
Diabetes mellitus
Obesity
15
6
3
3
1
1
1
125
9
9
22
3
1
26
DISEASES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM :
Diseases of teeth, gums, mouth & salivary glands:
Acute tonsillitis
Epithelioma of oesophagus
1
1
Diseases of stomach & duodenum:
Carcinoma of stomach
1
Dyspepsia
1
Peptic ulcer
81
13
Duodenal ulcer 5
Diseases of intestines:
Constipation
Intestinal colics
New growth of colon
4
1
2
M 84
Diseases of liver and gall bladder :
Carcinoma of liver
Cirrhosis of liver
Jaundice
DISEASES OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM :
Broncho-pneumonia
Bronchial asthma
Empyema
Pleurisy:
Acute pleurisy
Pleurisy with effusion
DISEASES OF KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT:
3
9
2
38
5
3
1
1
7
17
Chyluria
Haematuria
2
3
CO
Nephritis:
Acute nephritis
1
Chronic parenchymatous nephritis
3
Sub-acute nephritis
7
Pyelitis
2
18
DISEASES OF BLOOD AND SPLEEN:
Banti's syndrome
Hypochromic anaemia
Purpura
Splenomegaly
DISEASES OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS:
Carcinoma of thyroid
Diabetes insipidus
Exophthalmic goitre
2
10
5
2
3
12
2
1
CO
3
6
M 85
DISEASES OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM :
Disturbances of the cardiac rhythm:
Auricular fibrillation
Affection of myocardium:
Cardiac insufficiency
Endocarditis :
3
6
Aortic incompetence
4
Mitral incompetence
1
Mitral stenosis
7
Chronic endocarditis
6
2
Rheumatic endocarditis
Syphilitic cardiovascular diseases :
Syphilitic aortitis
1
Syphilitic aneurysm of the aorta.
1
Congenital affections of heart:
Congenital heart disease (undetermined)
1
32.
DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM:
A
Diseases of the cranial nerves:
Facial paralysis
1
2
Trigeminal neuralgia
Syphilis of central nervous system:
G.P.I.
Syphilitic meningo-myelitis
Tabes dorsalis
General nervous diseases of indefinite origin:
Epilepsy
Post encephalitic parkinsonism
Vascular lesions of the brain :
Cerebral haemorrhage
Cerebral thrombosis
Hemiplegia
Psychoneurosis
1
3
CO
3
2
3
со
1
1
2
లు
99
M 86
DISEASES OF MUSCLES, JOINTS AND BONES :
Rheumatic arthritis
Osteo-arthritis
DISEASES OF SKIN:
2
2
4
Blue pigmentation of skin
1
Dermatitis
1
Elephantiasis
1
3
OBSERVATION :
Cases under observation
12
Cardiac diseases
3
Debility
2
Epistaxis
1
Pyrexia of undetermined origin
5
Occupational cramp
1
Miscellaneous eye diseases
2
""
gynaecological diseases
3
وو
surgical diseases
3
32
Total
=
344
cases
P. B. WILKINSON,
M.B., B.S., M.R.C.P.
M 87
SURGICAL UNIT
(b) Report of the Professor of Surgery.
331. Cases treated:-
Table LXVII.
Treated in surgical wards (Horsley, Hilton and Lister)
509
Out-patients department
2,912
Ear, nose and throat department.
1,515
Eye clinic (in-patients)
210
Eye clinic (out-patients)
Total
2,819
7,965
Operations under general anaesthesia
737
332. The following papers were published:-
"A Case of Old Ununited Fracture of the Patella With Wide Separation of Fragments-Excision of Patella-Musculo-aponeurotic Transplant to Close Gap."
By K. H. Digby, and Wm. Lai Fook, Caduceus, Vol. 18, No. 1. February,
1939.
"A Case of Fracture of the Neck of the Right Femur with Anterior Dislocation of the Head (also Fracture of the Shaft of the Left Femur) illustrating the Importance of the Retinacula."
By K. H. Digby and T. K. Lien, Caduceus, Vol. 18, No. 1. February, 1939. "A Method of Raising Bone Flaps in Cranial Surgery."
By K. H. Digby.
333. Investigations have been carried out in connexion with a new kidney incision, with an apparatus to aid in ventricular puncture; and the study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been continued.
334. The weekly staff rounds from 5 p.m. to 6 p.m. on Mondays (which general practitioners and other qualified men are invited to attend) have been continued throughout the year.
KENELM H. Digby, O.B.E., M.B., B.S.; F.R.C.S. (ENG.)
M 88
OBSTETRICAL AND GYNAECOLOGICAL UNIT.
(c) Report by the Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
OBSTETRICAL UNIT.
335. During the year the following numbers of cases were treated :—
Table LXVIII.
Attendances at antenatal clinics :----
New cases
Return visits
Total
Admissions to Tsan Yuk Hospital
966
1,019
1,985
Delivered in hospital:
Booked. Emergency. Total.
(a) Discharged
222
2,918
3,140
(b) Transferred
•
1
5
6
Born before arrival
9
9
Discharged undelivered
13
143
156
Died, (a) after delivery
15
15
(b) undelivered
2
2
Totals
236
3,092
3,328
336. Booked and emergency cases. only number 236, or slightly less than 8% It is also noteworthy that there were no whereas seventeen deaths occurred among
It will be noticed that the booked cases of the total number of cases admitted. maternal deaths among the booked cases, the emergency cases.
Of the 236 booked cases, 85 were primigravidae and 151 were multigravidae.
Of the 3,092 emergency cases, 983 were primigravidae and 2,109 were multi- gravidae.
337. Antenatal clinics. During the year an effort has been made to increase the attendances at the antenatal clinics. The number of clinics has been increased from two to four per week, and the total number of attendances has risen from 1,064 last year to 1,985 in the present year. A special leaflet indicating the ad- vantages of antenatal care is distributed to every patient attending the clinic for the first time.
338. Deliveries in hospital. In the Tsan Yuk Hospital, during the year under review, 3,161 mothers were delivered of 3,191 infants. These figures include thirty cases of twin delivery, and constitute record number since the hospital was founded. The various presentations are classified as follows:-
Vertex presentations
Persistent occipito-posterior
Breech
Face
Brow
Shoulder
Total
M 89
Table LXIX.
3,016
64
96
3
2
10
3,191
339. Operative deliveries. Of the above cases a total of eighty-seven or 2.7%, were delivered by operative means. The measures used for delivery were as follows:-
Forceps
Internal version
Embryotomy
Caesarean section
Caesarean hysterectomy
Total
Table LXX.
64
13
1
7
2
87
340. Maternal morbidity. There were 116 cases in the maternity wards who showed a temperature of 100.4°F. or over on two or more occasions during the puer- perium. In addition there were fourteen maternal deaths without pyrexia. This gives a maternal morbidity rate of 4.1%.
341. Maternal Mortality. There were seventeen maternal deaths during the year, giving a maternal mortality rate of 0.51%. The causes of death are classified as follows:-
Table LXXI.
Causes of death.
Pre-eclampsia, cardiac failure (one died undelivered)
Acute beri-beri, cardiac failure
Obstructed labour, shock
Post-partum haemorrhage
4
3
NN CO HA
2
2
Cerebro-spinal meningitis
Advanced pulmonary tuberculosis
Typhoid, pyelitis
Suppurative pyelo-nephritis
Congenital polycystic kidneys
Total
1
1
1
1
1
16
M 90
342. Infant statistics. During the year 3191 infants were born in the Tsan Yuk Hospital. The results are classified as follows:-
Macerated foetus
Stillbirths
Neo-natal deaths
Living infants
Total
Table LXXII.
28
61
69
3,023
3,191
Still-birth rate (including macerated foetus)
Neo-natal death-rate
3.10%
2.16%
A
343. Infant welfare clinics. During the year much of the infant welfare work formerly done at the Tsan Yuk Hospital has been transferred to the newly opened Government clinics at the former Government Civil Hospital, thus enabling additional antenatal clinics to be held in the Tsan Yuk Hospital. Attendances at the infant welfare clinics have been as follows:-
Infant welfare clinics :-
New cases
Old cases
Total
Table LXXIII.
746
372
1,118
344. Post-natal clinic. During the latter half of the year a post-natal clinic has been organized in the hope that follow-up work may be done on all cases dis- charged from the hospital. One of the special objects of this clinic is to provide contraceptive advice to suitable cases, and to this end close co-operation with the Hong Kong Eugenics League has been established. Another aim is to follow up all cases of pregnancy toxaemia, as a special study of this subject has been commenced.
GYNAECOLOGICAL UNIT.
345. During the year the following numbers of cases were treated :—
Table LXXIV.
Gynaecological out-patients-
New cases
Old cases
Sterility clinic
2,909
2,660
129
4
Gynaecological in-patients:
M 91
Admissions to Queen Mary Hospital
Number of operations performed
Number of cases subjected to Deep X-ray or radium
therapy
Deaths
413
302
18
8
346. Sterility clinic. A special clinic for the investigation of female sterility has been started and is held once weekly. There have been 129 attendances and utero-tubal insufflation by the kymographic method has been carried out in all cases.
347. Deep X-ray and radium therapy. Considerable use has been made of the new facilities for treating malignant and other diseases by means of deep X-ray therapy, and the results shown have so far been distinctly encouraging. Since the supply of radium again became available during the latter part of the year four cases of carcinoma of the cervix have received full courses of treatment, and a long waiting list has been built up.
348. Department laboratory. With the approval of the director of medical services, a room has now been set aside in the Queen Mary Hospital as a depart- ment laboratory. The room is adjacent to the university gynaecological ward, and has already proved to be of the utmost value to staff and students alike. Space is also available in the laboratory for the collection of pathological slides which is being built up, and for the storage of the gynaecological records, which are now being filed according to a new system.
GORDON KING,
F.R.C.S. (Eng.), F.R.C.O.G., L.R.C.P., (Lond.).
P. S. SELWYN-CLARKE,
Director of Medical Services.
M 92
APPENDICES.
Return A, Medical, Health and Laboratory staff
Return B, List of Chinese Charitable, Government, Naval, Military and
Private Hospitals
Appendix I, First Annual Report of Nutrition Research Committee
Appendix II, Extract from Report of the Technical Committee for the Reorganization and Improvement of Existing Official Hospital and Clinical Facilities of the Colony of Hong Kong, 1938 1939
Appendix III, Annual Report of Hong Kong Eugenics League for 1939-1940
Appendix IV, Report on the Almoner's Department for 1939
Page.
93
97
98
105
112
116
Appendix V, Report on Treatment of Cerebro-spinal meningitis and Cholera
at the Infectious Diseases Hospital
A
118
Appendix VI, Clinical Investigations on some Aetiological Factors of Beri
Beri
119
Appendix VII, Annual Medical Report on Hong Kong Prisons
128
Appendix VIII, The Control of Dangerous Drugs in Hong Kong and
Treatment of Addicts
133
Appendix A, Return of Diseases for 1939 in Government Hospitals
136
Appendix B, Return of Diseases for 1939 in Tung Wah Hospitals
Appendix C, Report of the Registrar-General of Births and Deaths for
136
1939
153
M 93
APPENDICES.
Return A.
MEDICAL, HEALTH AND LABORATORY SERVICE STAFF.
ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF.
The director of medical services
Deputy director of medical services.
Secretary to the Nutrition Research Committee (temporary)
Secretary
Clerical Staff.
Accountant
Assistant secretary
Stenographers
Class II Local Section
Class III Local Section
Clerk, Class II
Clerks, Class III
Clerks, Class IV
Clerks, Class V
Clerks, Class VIA
Clerks, Class VIB
Special Class Clerks
(ii) INVESTIGATIVE DIVISION. Bacteriological Institute.
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
4
3
5
41
2
Bacteriologist
1
Assistant bacteriologist
1
Local assistant bacteriologist
1
Senior laboratory assistant
1
Laboratory assistants
5
Probationer laboratory assistant
1
Malaria Bureau.
Malariologist
1
Assistant to malariologist
1
Malarial inspectors
7
Probationer malarial inspector
1
(iii) CHEMICAL DIVISION.
Government chemist
Assistant government chemists
Assistant chemists
123
(iv) HEALTH DIVISION. Administrative—Urban.
Deputy director health services
1
Senior health officer (vacant)
1
4
Health officers (2 vacancies)
Chinese health officer, senior grade Chinese health officers
Lady medical officer
1
2
1
M 94
Port Health Branch.
Port health officer and inspector of emigrants
Second port health officer and inspector of emigrants
Chinese port health officers
1
1
2
Port health inspectors
2
Chinese health inspector
1
Public vaccinators (1 vacancy)
12
Public vaccinators (temporary) (1 vacancy)
24
Fumigating and Disinfecting Bureau.
Fumigator
1
Social Hygiene Branch.
Health officer, social hygiene
Chinese health officer, social hygiene
1
Ι
1
Technical assistant, social hygiene Charge dressers, Class I
Staff dressers
Social hygiene nurse
2
22 1
2
Maternity and Child Welfare Branch.
Lady medical officer
1
Chinese lady medical officers
2
Infant welfare nurses
10
Infant welfare nurse (temporary)
1
School Hygiene Branch.
Health officer for schools
Chinese medical officers for schools
School nurses
125
2
School sanitary inspector
1
Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries Branch.
Visiting medical officer
1
Lady visiting medical officer
1
Stenographer
Midwives
Chinese resident medical officer, senior grade
Chinese resident medical officers
Chinese lady medical officers
Interpreter and assistant
Tutor sister
Dispensary nurse
Government consultants
(v) MEDICAL DIVISION. Clinical Branch (General).
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
8
Senior medical officer
Medical officers
Chinese medical officers
House officers
House surgeons
3
1
11
6
8
2
Principal matron
Matrons
Senior nursing sisters
Nursing sisters
Nursing sisters (temporary)
Charge nurses (vacant)
Staff nurses
Probationer nurses
M 95
Nursing Staff (General).
1
3
11
50
2
3
18
101
Charge dressers, Class I
2
Charge dressers, Class II
6
Staff dressers
Probationer dressers
Linen maid
5
32
1
Nursing Staff (Mental Hospital).
Head attendant
1
Assistant attendant
1
Mental nurses
3
Probationer dressers
3
Kennedy Town Hospital (Infectious Diseases).
Charge nurse
Staff nurse
Probationer nurse
Charge dressers, Class II
Staff dresser
Steward
Probationer nurses
Kowloon Hospital Infectious Diseases Block.
Probationer dressers
House medical officers
Matron
Assistant matron
Midwives
Pupil midwives
Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital.
Stewards.
1
1
1
2 1
2
1
2 W
3
2
1
Ι
6
16
Chief steward
1
Steward
1
Steward (temporary)
1
Pharmacy Branch.
Chief pharmacist
1
Pharmacists
2
Pharmacist (temporary)
1
Storekeeper
1
Charge dispensers, Class I
Charge dispensers, Class II
Staff dispensers
Probationer dispensers
3
4
3
5
M 96
Radiologist
Radiographers
Masseuses
X-Ray sister
Staff masseuse
Radiological Branch.
1
2
2
1
1
Probationer masseuses
2
Staff radiographic assistants.
2
Radiographic assistants
2
New Territories Branch.
Health officer
Chinese medical officers
1
2
Midwives
Staff dresser
Chinese sanitary inspectors
8
1
3
Miscellaneous.
1
1
Steward's storeman
Storeman
Electrician
1
Installation mechanic
1
Fitters
4
Motor drivers
2
Office attendants, messengers, wardboys, amahs, coolies, etc.
531
Lai Chi Kok Temporary Chinese Hospital.
Chinese medical officers
3
Matron
1
Assistant matron
1
Nurses (1 vacancy)
16
Probationer dispenser
1
Steward, boys, amahs and coolies
37
Almoner Service.
Almoner
Assistant almoners (vacant)
1
2
་
M 97
Return B.
LIST OF CHINESE CHARITABLE, GOVERNMENT, NAVAL, MILITARY AND PRIVATE HOSPITALS, ETC.
Chinese charitable hospitals.
Chinese Eastern Maternity Hospital.
Kwong Wah Hospital.
R
Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Tung Wah Hospital.
Government hospitals.
Female Prison Hospital, Lai Chi Kok.
Hong Kong Prison Hospital at Stanley.
Infectious Diseases Hospital. Kowloon Hospital.
Ku Tung Maternity Ward. Lai Chi Kok (Cholera) Hospital.
Lai Chi Kok (Relief) Hospital. Leper Settlement.
Mental Hospital.
Queen Mary Hospital.
Sai Kung Maternity Ward.
Tai Po Maternity Ward.
Tsan Yuk Hospital.
Naval hospitals.
Naval Hospital, Wanchai.
Royal Naval Sanatorium.
Military hospitals.
Combined Military Hospital, Kowloon.
Private hospitals.
Military Hospital, Bowen Road.
Alice Memorial and Affiliated Hospitals.
Babington Hospital and Sanatorium.
Canossa Hospital.
Haw Par Hospital.
Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital.
Kam Tin Maternity Hospital.
Majima Hospital.
Matilda Hospital.
Precious Blood Hospital.
St. Francis Hospital.
St. Paul's Hospital.
Tsuen Wan Maternity Hospital.
War Memorial Hospital.
M 98
Appendix I.
FIRST ANNUAL REPORT
OF
THE EXPANDED NUTRITION RESEARCH COMMITTEE,
HONG KONG.
1. Meetings.
Nine meetings of the committee were held during the year at the Medical Headquarters.
2. Membership :-
Hon. Dr. P. S. Selwyn-Clarke, M.C.,
His Honour Sir Atholl D. A. MacGregor, K.C.,
Dr. (Mrs.) A. L. J. Dovey,
Mr. F. Flippance, Supt. Botanical and Forestry Dept. Professor W. I. Gerrard, O.B.E.,
Dr. G. A. C. Herklots,
Mr. F. H. Loseby,
Dr. Li Tsoo-yiu,
Professor L. T. Ride (Dr. E. Q. Lim as proxy),
Dr. K. H. Uttley,
Professor P. B. Wilkinson,
Dr. (Miss) F. Y. C. Woo, M.B.E.
3. Appointment of Secretary.
Chairman.
Member.
"
"
J
37
>>
Mr. Kuang T. Liu was appointed as Secretary of the Committee at a salary of $200 in May, 1939. At the end of the year the Committee acceded to a request of the University of Hong Kong that Mr. Liu should act as part-time lecturer in biochemistry during the absence from the Colony of Professor Ride. This arrangement was approved by Government.
4. Subcommittees.
Three subcommittees were appointed during the year, namely:-
(1) Scientific -Professor Gerrard, Professor Ride and Professor
Wilkinson.
(2) Sociological-His Honour Sir Atholl MacGregor, Dr. (Mrs.) Dovey,
Mr. Loseby and Dr. (Miss) Woo.
(3) Publicity -Hon. Dr. Selwyn-Clarke, Dr. Herklots, Dr. Li and Dr.
Uttley.
5. Dietary Survey.
A questionaire was drawn up for use in the collection of material for a dietary survey among the Chinese population. The survey was started by thirty third year students of the University under Professor Ride in the Autumn. Eighty to one hundred families were investigated by each student. The data are now being analysed.
་
M 99
6. Soya bean.
The nutritive value of soya bean milk was recognized and publicity given in the press to the use of these products and information sent to the Society for the Protection of Children, the Hong Kong Refugee and Social Welfare Council and to other relief organizations.
7. Unpolished rice.
The use of unpolished rice in preference to polished rice was recommended. Biscuits containing rice polishing were tested, but clinical trials had to be relinquished because of failure of the supply of biscuits.
Unpolished rice in the proportion of one quarter to three quarters of white rice was issued in all Government camps for refugees and destitutes during the year as an anti-beri beri measure.
8. Activities of Subcommittees.
(A) Scientific-
(a) A number of beds were put aside in the Queen Mary and Lai Chi Kok Relief Hospitals for the investigation of persons suffering from B, deficiency and for treatment of such cases with various articles of diet containing the anti-beri beri factor.
(b) An investigation into the calorie value of the diets given at the Government Refugee Camps showed that they had the following approximate values:-Men, 3,200; Women, 2,600; Children seven to fourteen years old, 2,000; Children under seven years, 1,300 calories. The proportions were correct, but the quantities were somewhat on the generous side. It was decided that it was desirable to continue giving these quantities because many of the refugees were undernourished on admission to the camps.
(c) Another investigation showed that patients deficient in vitamin C do
not progress favourably on the ordinary diet.
(d) A number of investigations have been started but have not yet been
completed, including the following:-
(i) Blood-pressure changes during the treatment of beri beri with
intravenous vitamin B,.
(ii) A comparison of the growth and development of children on controlled diets in camps with that of poor children in their homes, and the children on controlled diets in the Physical Culture Institution.
(i) An investigation to ascertain whether the oedema of pregnancy
is due to mal-nutrition or to other causes.
(iv) The effect on the neuro-muscular system of the administration of
betabion to beri beri patients.
(v) The vitamin B, content of local foodstuffs and excretions.
(vi) The relation between callous formation and vitamin C deficiency.
(e) An investigation of 150 lower and middle class Chinese has shown that 60% had no deficiency of vitamin C, as shown by an intradermal
test.
M 100
(B) Sociological-
This subcommittee investigated the relation, if any, between the influence of rents for market stalls on the price of foodstuffs and ancillary matters, such as transport charges, likely to affect the price of food. The subcommittee came to the somewhat surprising conclusion that there was no correlation between the two.
The subcommittee also went into the question of employers of labour providing meals for their employees, and also the conditions under which they are supplied.
(C) Publicity-
The subcommittee arranged for a series of broadcast talks and lectures to clubs, schools and other institutions, and to midwives.
The following took part in these lectures:-
nurses and
(i) Dr. Au King to University students;
"What the
(ii) Dr. S. Y. and H. Y. Cheng over the radio on
expectant mother should eat", "Infant feeding" and "The correct diet for children from two to five years of age".
(ii) Mr. Flippance to the Press on "The home cultivation of
vegetables".
(iv) Dr. Herklots to the Rotary and Press on "The value of fish
as food"
(v) Dr. J. Lanchester over the radio on "What to eat".
(vi) Dr. Li Tsoo-yiu to the Chinese Y.M.C.A. on "Nutrition in
relation to health and disease".
(vii) The Chairman to the Press on "Soya bean milk", "Soya bean cake", "Suggestions for home vegetable cultivation in Hong Kong" and "Emergency rations".
(viii) Dr. F. I. Tseung to the Press on "The Nutrition of expectant mothers", "The problem of infant feeding", "Principles of feeding of pre-school child" and "Nutrition of the school child and young adult".
New
(ix) Dr. Li also prepared a list of vegetables favoured by northern Chinese which was forwarded to the New Territories Agricultural Association and the Hong Kong Refugee and Social Welfare Council for their guidance, and on vitamins for the Territories Agricultural Association annual show. Pamphlets in Chinese on the feeding of babies, children and expectant mothers were distributed in the New Territories by the District Officers.
9. Summary.
The first full year of the expanded Nutrition Research Committee was characterized by satisfactory progress in and development of the activities of this body. Important investigations were undertaken both from the scientific and sociological standpoint and a considerable amount of useful propaganda was carried out on dietaries suitable for the bulk of the population living near, on or below the poverty line.
"
M 101
Appendix I (a).
SUMMARY OF A REPORT AND THE MAIN FINDINGS OF THE SURVEY ON THE ORAL AND DENTAL CONDITIONS OF CHINESE CHILDREN IN HONG KONG.
Realizing the fact that dental disease is one of the most common disabilities and, besides the immediate inconvenience or suffering it brings, undoubtedly contributes greatly to the onset of other forms of ill health and in a great variety of ways to an incalculable total of economic and human loss; and realizing the apparent prevalence of dental disease among Chinese children, it was decided that a survey should be carried out in order to determine the actual extent to which they are affected by dental disease, in order that proper measures could be taken to cope with the problem intelligently. The investigator was instructed by the director of medical services to undertake the task, which has recently been completed.
In this survey special emphasis is laid on the incidence of dental caries and on the time of eruption of permanent teeth of Chinese children; and appropriate consideration was given to the incidences of malocclusion, arrested caries, hypoplasia and gingivitis. This survey has revealed facts that are of definite value. The summary of the results are as follows:-
(1) The children furnishing the statistics are refugees in the emergency refugee camps. The total number examined was 1,131, out of this number about a thousand of them are from Hong Kong and its vicinity, and 120 of them are from Central China. It was found that 90.8 per centum of children from South China have carious teeth. The total number of permanent teeth examined = 13,414, out of this number 2,418 or 16.01 per centum are carious; the total number of deciduous teeth examined 9,899 and out of this number 3,896 or 39.35 per centum of them are carious.
(2) Most caries in permanent teeth among children of South China starts on the occlusal surface-90.54 per centum of all caries in permanent teeth is among the molars, and 96.87 per centum of caries in the molars starts on the occlusal surface. This seems to indicate that structural defects, in forms of pits and fissures to be the main predisposive cause of caries in children's permanent teeth.
(3) The incidence of caries affecting the occlusal surface of deciduous teeth is higher than that affecting the other surfaces, while the lingual surface is least affected. Concerning caries affecting these surfaces, Chinese children show higher incidence than English children. The buccal and lingual surfaces of deciduous teeth of Chinese children have a higher incidence, while their proximal surface have a lower incidence of caries in comparision with those of English children in England.
(4) Permanent teeth of the right side of the jaws are slightly less affected by caries than those on the left side. This seems to suggest that adequate usage of teeth would promote development and avoid caries to a certain extent.
(5) Upper anterior deciduous teeth are affected more by caries than the lower. Deciduous teeth of the left and right sides are affected by caries with about equal frequencies; and caries affecting deciduous teeth is observed in more bilaterally symmetrical manner.
or less
(6) Permanent lower first molars when first erupted is found to take a slightly distal position, then slide slightly forward, after the shedding of the deciduous second molars mesial to them.
(7) Dental caries is found to be more prevalent among children of South China than among those from Central China. Permanent teeth of children from Central China grow more regularly, and they erupt in better order.
M 102
(8) The mean eruption time and the order of eruption of permanent teeth of Chinese children of South China correspond quite closely to
to that of English children. Those teeth that erupt before the age of nine appear earlier among the English, while those that erupt after that age appear earlier among the Chinese. (See following table and chart.)
(9) Arrested caries affecting deciduous teeth is about twenty times more frequent than that affecting permanent teeth.
(10) The several observed types of hypoplasia on teeth are found to affect teeth less frequently among Chinese children than among English children in England. The ratios are about 1 to 7 for permanent teeth, and 1 to 3 for deciduous teeth.
(11) Salivary calculus around permanent teeth is found to be more common among children from Central China than among children in South China.
From this survey it is concluded that dental caries among Chinese children is prevalent beyond doubt. In order to improve the situation, preventive measures in ways of operative dental treatments, prophylaxis and dietetic adjustment should urgently be resorted to.
Table on time of eruption of permanent teeth.
Table showing the ages at which fifty per centum of the several types of teeth are found in any stage of eruption for both sexes together.
Type of tooth
English Age in
Graph showing the variation of eruption time of permanent teeth between English and Chinese. children.
Chinese
years
Age in years
기가
717-
616
6.10 .51
6.39± .55
33-
616
6.23.50
6.54± .35
515-
II
6.36± .50
6.92.70
515
1/1
7.311 .49
7.74.73
212
7.61± .53
8.03.87
212
8.59 .69
8.78± .70
Type
of
Tooth
414
313
1
414-
414
9.87.94
9.46.84
212
33
10.35 .75 9.911 .83
22
414
10.61.94
10.19 .71
515
10.81±1.04 10.50 .94
515
11.51±1.09 10.71 .98
616
313
11.47 .82
10.87 .90
616
77
11.69 .78 11.56 .63
717
12.20.77 12.00 .73
Chinese
English
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Age in years.
...
M 103
In the table each age+or-the adjacent fraction of a year gives the age limits within which fifty per centum of the teeth erupt. These limiting ages are the ages at which twenty-five per centum and seventy-five per centum respectively are, in the stages of eruption, considered.
T. C. LAU, D.D.S.
:
M 104
Appendix I (b).
DIETARIES FOR REFUGEES WHICH INCLUDES THE PREPARATION AND SUPPLY OF
STIPULATED DIETS.
*Rice
Table I.
DIETS.
FULL DIETS.
Weight in ounces.
Foodstuff.
Men.
Women.
Children 7-14.
Children
1-7.
18
OZS.
16 OZS.
12
OZS.
8
OZS.
†Pork or beef or fresh fish
or salted egg
1 oz.
1
Oz.
OZ.
OZ.
Salted fish or vegetables......
11⁄2 ozs.
11⁄2 ozs.
1
Oz.
1
Oz.
Fresh vegetables
10
OZS.
63 ozs.
5
OZS.
3.375
OZS.
Soya beans
11⁄2 ozs.
11⁄2 ozs.
1
Oz.
3 oz.
Oil
1
OZ.
1 OZ.
3oz.
oz.
Salt
1oz.
Oz.
Oz.
OZ.
Tea
1 oz.
1 oz.
*Rice: 75% whole white rice; 25% whole red rice.
+Meat: 3 days in a week; Monday, Wednesday, and Friday:
On meatless days the adults shall be given salted fish and/or Chinese cheese (foo yee). The children from 1-14 shall be given salted egg up to the scheduled weight on the four meatless days per week. Fresh green leafy vegetables shall form 70% or more of the total daily weight of vegetables. Onions, potatoes, carrots, tomatoes and melon for the balance.
The items for beans or products are as follows:-Soya bean cheese, fresh bean curd, dried bean curd slices, sweet bean curd slices, soya bean milk and dried fresh bean cake. No whole soya beans will be served. In addition to the above a pint of congee containing two ounces of white rice shall be given to each person and soya bean milk prepared in accordance with the specifications of the Medical Department to all children and to any others recommended by the medical officer in charge.
Price per adult per meal (two meals per day)
5.65 cents.
Price per child of 7 years and under per meal (two meals per day) 4.10 cents.
X
Rice (75 broken and 25% red)..
Meat
Salt foods
Fresh vegetables
Beans
Cooking oil
Sauces
Salt
M 105
Table II.
PARTIAL DIETS.
..16
OZS.
총 02.
OZ.
6
OZS.
1
Oz.
2/3 oz.
oz.
10z.
Note. Meat to be supplied three times and salt foods to be supplied in eleven meals in each week.
Price Per day (2 meals)
9.3 cents per head.
The prices for both diets include the provision by the contractors at each of the camps of the following, viz. :——
1. Kitchen staff.
2. Kitchen and cooking utensils.
3. Feeding utensils including chopsticks, bowls, plates, etc.
4. Fuel for cooking the dietaries.
Appendix II.
EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE FOR THE REORGANIZATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF EXISTING OFFICIAL HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL FACILITIES OF THE COLONY OF HONG KONG, 1938-1939.
CHAPTER XII.
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
A.-Summary.
164.-I. We have completed an inquiry into the existing hospital accom- modation of the Colony and into existing official hospital and clinical facilities.
II. We have given reasons for the somewhat liberal interpretation which we have thought fit to place on the terms of reference.
III. and IV. We have detailed geographic and demorgraphic considerations.
V.
M 106
We have furnished reasons for the standards of accommodation, facilities and services required.
VI-X.
We have described the existing medical, surgical, obstetrical and investigational facilities, including provision for the aged and infirm.
X. We have dealt with the question of closer co-operation between the Government Medical Department, the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong, and private registered medical practitioners.
B. Conclusions.
165.-1. We have satisfied ourselves that it would not be unreasonable to base our recommendations upon a population of not less than 1,250,000 during the next five years.
2. We have arrived at a series of standards which we consider might well be adopted as a guide in determining the deficiencies that exist in the existing hospital accommodation, clinical facilities, etc.
3. We have arrived at the conclusion that at the most conservative estimate, Hong Kong suffers from a deficiency in general hospital beds of no less than 3,311, the Chinese population being far more in need of such additional beds than the non-Chinese elements who form a comparatively unimportant proportion of the community from the numerical standpoint.
4. We share the views of Government that the lack of adequate accommodation for infectious fevers is a very real one, the actual deficiency amounts to about 950 beds.
5. We have come to the conclusion that tuberculosis is one of the most important causes of ill-health and premature death in this Colony and that the time has arrived for steps to be taken to deal with the problem on a generous scale.
6. We are satisfied that the provision of accommodation for sick children which amounts to little over 300 beds at present is deficient, the deficiency being 325 cots or beds on a basis of five cots per 10,000 persons living in the community.
7. We have been impressed with the need for further accommodation for women in child-birth. The deficiency amounts to at least 180 beds at the very lowest estimation or twice this number if consideration is given to the high birth-rate and the serious overcrowding which renders home midwifery largely impracticable.
We are also of the opinion that home midwifery is carried out under distinctly unsatisfactory conditions in many instances owing to the low standards of environ- mental hygiene and the overcrowding prevailing; hence, we conclude that efforts to improve the midwifery service should be towards hospitalization of cases.
8. We are impressed by the large number of aged and infirm persons in the Colony who are in need of institutional care of some kind if it is impracticable to send them back to their ancestral villages-since the majority are not Hong Kong-born citizens. We are satisfied that at least two thousand homeless and destitute aged persons, many of them with chronic bronchitis and similar conditions need to be catered for.
•
M 107
9. We are satisfied that the serious overcrowding that exists at the Mental Hospital at present is due in large part to the interruption that has taken place in the normal system of transferring mental patients who are Chinese nationals to the Fong Chuen Asylum in Canton. We are aware that the Director of Medical Services is negotiating with the Japanese Authorities to allow this procedure to be resumed once more and that Government has given permission for certain buildings to be taken over temporarily for the housing of surplus mental patients. Whilst we share the view that it is a wise policy to transfer mentally afflicted nationals to their countries of origin and to regard the Hong Kong Mental Hospital as being reserved mainly for transients, we regard the existing facilities for the care of this class of patient as inadequate, segregation according to type and effective treatment being quite impossible.
10. We are satisfied that the policy adopted by Government in 1938 towards the leprosy problem in these territories is the only feasible one, bearing in mind. the vast reservoir of lepers in South China who might enter these territories if the decision had been to build a leper settlement here. This policy entails the maintenance of a small "collecting station" for lepers here and the transfer of the bulk to mission settlements in Kwangtung sub-subsidized by the British Government.
11.
In spite of the almost astronomical figures of attendances at the out- patient departments in the Government hospitals and dispensaries and in the Chinese hospitals, we are satisfied that the facilities available, particularly at the Chinese hospitals, are in urgent need of expansion.
12. In view of the high proportion of accident cases and, to a lesser extent, of emergencies brought to the Government and other hospitals, we have arrived at the conclusion that this branch of medical service is capable of improvement. We couple with this our view that insufficient training in the practice of minor surgery and in the treatment of casualties is given to the medical undergraduate,
13. We consider that the existing laboratory services are on too small a scale to carry out the very heavy burden of diagnostic work, manufacture of biological products, etc., that the staff of the Government Bacteriological Institute is called upon to bear at present. At the same time, we are satisfied that a certain amount of avoidable overlap occurs at present between the Government Institute and the Department of Pathology of the University of Hong Kong. As a matter of secondary importance we are also of the opinion that the medical student at the University might be given a more satisfactory and balanced course in pathology than is possible under the conditions now existing.
14. We are satisfied that the facilities available for the inhabitants living in the New Territories and on the numerous islands other than Victoria itself-now call for augmentation and co-ordination under the Government Medical Department.
15. We have come to the conclusion that a good deal of valuable talent as regards specialist officers willing and able to serve in an honorary capacity in the Government and Chinese hospitals is not being made wide enough use of at present.
C.-Recommendations.
(a) General hospital accommodation.
166.
On the basis of a population of 1,250,000 during the next five years, we recommend that efforts be made to build up general hospital accommodation to a standard of at least five beds per thousand living persons. Meanwhile, we recommend the adoption of the principle of Grade A and Grade B hospitals mentioned in the body of the Report.
We further recommend the provision of at least eighty beds for 2nd and 3rd class non-Chinese patients in a new general hospital on the mainland.
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We also recommend that the Trustees of the War Memorial Hospital be consulted as to the practicability of extending that hospital by at least another eighteen beds. At the same time we recommend that consideration be given to the re-opening of the former Victoria Hospital (Maternity Block) which would provide accommodation for about forty children's cots and beds. If the other portion of the hospital now used as flats could also be utilized for a similar purpose the premises as a whole could house between sixty and eighty children.
We are, however, principally concerned with the serious deficiency in general hospital beds for the Chinese population and we recommend the early construction of a 500-600 bed hospital on the Kowloon Medical Centre and a further 600 beds to be divided amongst the Tung Wah group of hospitals.
(b) Infectious fevers.
We endorse the recommendation which the Director of Medical Services has already made to Government for the erection of a 300-bed infectious diseases hospital (capable of expansion to 500 beds) on the Kowloon Medical Centre.
(c) Tuberculosis.
We do not consider that we are in a position to recommend any considerable provision in the nature of sanatoria at the moment, since it is necessary for a much larger body of data on the subject to be obtained.
In the meantime, however, we feel justified in recommending that a ward unit of thirty to fifty beds divided between the two sexes be constructed for tubercular patients on the roof of the Queen Mary Hospital.
This will enable full use to be made of heliotherapy and, incidentally, will release beds in the main wards of the hospital for the treatment of cases of venereal disease which are needed at present.
We also recommend that special pavilions be constructed at each of the three Tung Wah hospitals with about 100 beds in each for tubercular cases.
At the same time, we consider that it would be an advantage if a start could be made in the training of Tuberculosis Officers for work at the Health Centres which it is hoped to establish throughout the urban and rural areas.
Before leaving the subject, we recommend that all hospitals treating infective cases of tuberculosis be advised to do so in wards
in wards specially set aside for the purpose into which no healthy person should be allowed to go unless effectively protected by a mask.
(d) Sick children.
We recommend the re-opening of the Victoria Hospital which will furnish accommodation for forty children's beds or cots (sixty to eighty if the flats are reabsorbed too) pending funds being available for a children's hospital in pleasant, open surroundings.
(e) Lying-in cases.
We recommend that consideration be given to the utilization of the existing Kowloon Hospital as a maternity hospital when the new general hospital has been erected on the Kowloon Medical Centre. Since this will take some years and will not meet the demand on the Island, we also recommend that a seventy-six bed hospital be erected on land near to the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital. Thirdly, we recommend the erection of an isolation block at the Ysan Yuk Hospital where the existing beds for infectious cases are inadequate.
(f) Aged and infirm.
We recommend that as
as many as possible of this class of destitute be assisted to return to their ancestral homes.
M
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For those whose homes have been destroyed and who are destitute and homeless, we recommend that two courses be taken. Firstly, if found to be free from signs of any active disease requiring treatment, they should be housed in one of the Government camps; secondly, if requiring medical attention, such patients should be housed in a simply equipped and staffed section of the Tung Wah group of hospitals.
(g) Mental disease.
We recommend that the policy of transferring Chinese nationals suffering from mental disease to Canton and of Europeans and others to their various countries should be maintained.
We also recommend that a new hospital for mental diseases of about 150 beds capable of expansion later to 200 be erected on an open site where the different types can be segregated where occupational therapy can be used-the project to start in four or five years' time.
(h) Leprosy.
As in the case of mentally afflicted, so with lepers we recommend the continuance of the wise policy adopted by Government of sending lepers to settlements in Kwangtung and of maintaining them there at the expense of this Government-providing grants-in-aid for the actual buildings.
We also recommend the erection of four fly-proof huts in the compound of the Leper Settlement similar to those built in a few days at the height of the smallpox epidemic in the compound of the Infectious Diseases Hospital adjoining.
The premises occupied by the lepers which are dangerous and dilapidated should be demolished at an early date.
(i) Out-patient facilities.
We recommend that out-patient facilities be improved in these ways. Firstly, we advise that a system of Health Centres should be established at different sites in the urban and rural areas and that, apart from public health and educational work, such centres should provide for the treatment of infants, pre- school children, school children, mothers, persons suffering from tuberculosis, eye diseases and venereal diseases. In the case of the centre at, we suggest, old St. Peter's Church, the possibility of a general polyclinic might be considered, alternatively, a new and enlarged out-patient department on the site of the former Government Civil Hospital would prove very useful. Secondly, we recommend that the out-patient departments of the Tung Wah group of hospitals should be improved both as regards accommodation and staff. These departments are largely taken up by herbalist "doctors" at the moment.
6) Treatment of casualties and emergencies.
We are of the opinion that, when funds become available for the purpose, it would be a definite advantage if a traumatic surgery unit could be organized.
Meantime, much can be done by the introduction of a system of casualty dresserships. Under this, senior medical students will be posted to the Casualty Department of the Queen Mary Hospital to see and learn how to treat minor surgical conditions, burns, scalds, fractures, surgical and other emergencies, and the like. In order that this scheme can become operative it is essential to provide sleeping accommodation in the grounds of the Queen Mary Hospital. We recommend that a students hostel be built to house nine students (capable of being enlarged as and when funds permit), and a refectory for about thirty students. Until a hostel has been built, the Director of Medical Services has arranged for a flat to be converted for the use of five or six students to be appointed to casualty dresserships.
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(k) Laboratory facilities.
We recommend the construction of a second laboratory at the Kowloon Medical Centre, the building of a biological products laboratory on the outskirts of Kowloon and that the University Authorities be asked to take over full responsibility -with minor reservations of the diagnostic and investigational work at present carried out at the Government Bacteriological Institute in return for a subsidy.
(1) Medical facilities in the New Territories.
We recommend that the Government Medical Department should take over the dispensary work at present carried out by St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade in the New Territories whenever that Association is prepared to relinquish this work.
We further recommend that as and when funds become available Health Centres should be built at Taipo, Tsun Wan and Un Long.
(m) Co-operation with private registered medical practitioners.
We recommend two lines of action along which a greater degree of co-operation can be secured between private practitioners and the Government Medical Department.
Firstly, efforts should be made to elicit the help of private practitioners possessing specialist knowledge and qualifications to serve in an honorary capacity at one or other of the hospitals subject to certain definite provisions or, on the recommendation of the University Authorities, in the capacity of a salaried University lecturer.
Secondly, we recommend as a practicable proposition that Government officials entitled to free medical attendance who live on the Peak above the Bowen Road level should enjoy the privilege of selecting a private practitioner resident on the Peak who is willing to serve on a panel in return for a capitation grant from Government to be arranged between Government and the private practitioners concerned.
CHAPTER XIII. FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS.
167. We attach in the form of a schedule with items arranged more or less in order of priority the capital cost of carrying out such of the recommendations as may find favour with Your Excellency.
168. We should like to be allowed to stress the point that we have purposely erred on the conservative side in order to make it the more certain that our recommendations may be regarded, in the main if not entirely, as reasonable and practicable.
169. Having discharged our commission and in the hope that our labours may help, if only in a small way, to bring about an improvement in hospital and clinical facilities, more especially for the sick and indigent Chinese.
Sd. G. D. R. BLACK,
Member,
Sd. EDWARD W. J. SUN,
Member,
Sd. CHAU SHIU NG,
Member,
Sd. S. SEGUIN STRAHAN,
Member,
Sd. W. I. GERRARD,
Member,
Sd. P. S. SELWYN-CLARKE,
Chairman.
*
+
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Schedule of institutions, etc., recommended, with very approximate estimates of initial costs.
This list has been drawn up as far as possible in order of urgency, although where so many vital needs are to be met too much attention should not be paid to the order which we have thought fit to choose.
Institution
(1) INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL-
(300 beds capable of increasing to 500)
(2) GENERAL HOSPITAL-
Approximate cost of construction and equipment.
$ 1,900,000
(500-600 beds)
(3) LEPER SETTLEMENT—
(Four wards with thirty beds in each to replace
existing dangerous buildings)
(4) HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN-
(Forty to eighty beds and cots in reopened Victoria Hospital until new hospital for children available)
(5) (a) ISOLATION BLOCK AT TSAN YUK HOSPITAL-
(Six beds)
(b) MATERNITY HOSPITAL-
(Seventy-six beds)
(6) TUBERCULOSIS WARD—
(a) QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL
(Thirty to fifty beds on roof of existing
structure)
(b) PAVILIONS AT THREE CHINESE HOSPITALS-
(100 beds at each)
(7) STUDENTS HOSTEL, QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL-
(Nine beds capable of extension and refectory for
fifty)
(8) OUT-PATIENT FACILITIES—
(a) Health Centre for West Central District
4,500,000
16,000
30,000
20,000
100,000
40,000
600,000
72.000
300,000
(Maternity and child welfare, school children, tuberculosis, venereal diseases, etc.). Addi- tional for general polyclinic at this Centre
150,000
(b) Health Centres for Tsun Wan and Shamshuipo
200,000
(c) Later Health Centres for Cheung Chau, Taipo and Un Long in the New Territories, three each on the Island and in Kowloon and New Kowloon
900,000
Institution
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(9) LABORATORY FACILITIES—
(a) General laboratory, Kowloon Medical Centre
(b) Biological products laboratory, Kowloon
(10) "INFIRMARY" ACCOMMODATION FOR AGED AND
INFIRM
(600 beds for the group of three Chinese
Hospitals)
(11) MENTAL DISEASES-
(150 beds capable of expansion to 200 beds)
Approximate cost
of construction and equipment.
82,500
150,000
1,000,000
300,000
Total
$10,360,500
N.B. The figures given are only approximate and should not be regarded as final or official P.W.D. estimates.
Appendix III.
HONG KONG EUGENICS LEAGUE.
ANNUAL REPORT 1939-1940.
The Hong Kong Eugenics League has continued to make progress during its fourth year.
The number of patients has increased, and, as will be seen from the medical report, there is a marked improvement in those returning for re-examination.
There are now three clinics, each holding one session per week; the Violet Peel Health Centre, under Dr. A. L. Forbes, on Thursday afternoons; the Kowloon Health Centre, under the direction of Dr. P. Ruttonjee, on Monday afternoons; and the Tsan Yuk, under the direction of Dr. B. Chu, on Tuesday afternoons. Clinics have also been started in the North Point, King's Park and Ma Tau Chung Refugee Camps, through the initiative of Dr. T. J. Hua and with the co-operation of the Medical Department.
CO-OPERATION IN THE HEALTH CENTRES :
The increase in service during the last year has been the result in a large measure of the sympathetic attitude of the Hong Kong Government, since all three sessions take place either in the Infant Welfare and Maternity Centres or the Maternity Hospital and although the number of mothers benefitted through the Eugenics League is still small, the relationship of the birth control work to the Maternity and Infant Welfare work is on a sound basis. The majority of the patients attending the birth control sessions are mothers whose babies are being treated in the Infant Welfare departments, and it is therefore possible for the doctors and nurses to have an all-round knowledge of their patients and to know which mothers are most in need of advice on birth control.
This linking up of birth control with infant welfare and maternity work is in line with the policy of the Ministry of Health in Great Britain. In 1937 the Ministry of Health issued a circular to the Local Authorities explaining the urgent necessity of giving birth control advice at the Gynaecological Clinics, which care for mothers in the post-natal period.
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In November 1939 a meeting was held at which the Chairman, Professor Gordon King, explained to those present doctors, matrons and nurses of the Queen Mary, Kowloon, Kwong Wah, Tung Wah and Tung Wah Eastern Hospitals,-the work and aims of the League, and at which the Honourable Director of Medical Services spoke on the importance of the birth control sessions as an integral part of the pre-natal, post-natal and infant welfare work carried out through the Health Centres.
APPLIANCES:
Up till the outbreak of war in September 1939, the League had been able to purchase appliances from Great Britain at clinic prices, but after that date the imposition of import and export restrictions have prohibited the purchase of occlusive caps from London. After some delay contraceptives were bought from New York, but at an increased cost. However, at the suggestion of the Chairman, a second type of cap was obtained from New York, which costs the League only eighty cents and is considered as reliable as the occlusive cap previously used at a cost of $1.10.
Thanks to the generosity of supporters in Hong Kong, it has been possible for the League to continue giving appliances to those mothers who are too poor to pay for them, even at cost price; that is, where the family income is under or about $30 per month and there are children to provide for, no charge is made.
THE FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION IN GREAT BRITAIN :
The League has maintained contact with the parent body in Great Britain, the National Birth Control Association. In May, 1939, the Association held an Extraordinary General Meeting, with Lord Horder in the chair, and unanimously agreed that the name of the Association should be changed to The Family Planning Association and that the objects of the Association should be:—
(1) To advocate and promote the provision of facilities for scientific con- traception so that married people may space or limit their families and thus mitigate the evils of ill-health and poverty.
(2) To advocate and promote the establishment of Women's Health Centres at which, in addition to advice on scientific contraception, women can get advice on, and where necessary treatment for, any or all of the following:-
(a) involuntary sterility,
(b) minor gynaecological ailments,
(c) difficulties connected with the marriage relationship.
(3) To examine such other problems as are relevant to the above and to take such action as may be considered advisable.
It is appreciated that in Hong Kong for the time being our work must be mainly concerned with the first object, but we print later in the report a study that has been carried out by Dr. T. J. Hua in the refugee camps, which will be of great interest to gynaecologists in the Far East and at home.
A small service has been rendered to the Association by sending to London a prescription previously used by our Chairman in his work in China, which is now being used in Hong Kong, for making contraceptive jelly, the price of which is less. than half that of the jelly made in Great Britain. The Association hope that this jelly may be suitable for contraceptive work in India, where they maintain an or- ganizer and where great progress has been made.
Experimental work is also being carried out at the Tsan Yuk Clinic with a con- traceptive paste, a new product which the Birth Control Investigation Committee hopes may eliminate the use of caps.
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Birth Control Work in China.
A number of patients at the clinics have been women who have left Hong Kong to work in China with their husbands and who were therefore anxious not to have children under war conditions.
Appliances have also been sent to Shanghai, Hainan and Kweiyang as a result of requests received by the League.
The Executive Committee
The Executive Committee has continued to meet regularly during the past year at the offices of Messrs. Lo and Lo, to whom the League is most grateful.
The Committee report with much regret the resignation of Mr. W. A. Zimmern, owing to his departure from Hong Kong. Three new members have been co-opted on the Executive Committee, Mrs. D. E. Davis, Dr. T. J. Hua and the Rev. J. R. Higgs, whose services will greatly strengthen the League. The Executive Committee is also very grateful to Dr. I. Frommer, who for some time has given her services both at the Violet Peel and at the Kowloon Clinic.
Future Activities.
The organization of the three clinics in the Violet Peel Health Centre, the Kow- loon Health Centre and the Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital and the three clinics in North Point, King's Park and Ma Tau Chung Refugee Camps has been completed during the year. The task before the League is that of educating the Chinese and European communities so that co-operation can be secured and the maximum bene- fit obtained from the clinics. Progress in this part of the League's work is very slow partly because of the lack of organization of the poorer class women, which makes it extremely difficult to make contact with those most in need.
Housing conditions in Hong Kong have steadily deteriorated during the past year; food prices have risen since the outbreak of the war in Europe and Japanese activities in China have resulted in frequent shortages of vegetables and other necessities. These economic factors have the inevitable result of lowering the standard of life with the consequent increase in malnutrition, tuberculosis and other poverty diseases. It becomes not only desirable but essential for the health of the next generation that there should be spacing and limiting of families. The infant mortality rate for Great Britain is fifty-eight, for Sweden thirty-eight, for Hong Kong 345. Nearly six babies die in Hong Kong for one baby in Great Britain. The differences in economic conditions and education account largely for this wastage of child life but a contributory cause is most certainly the wide-spread birth-control movement of Great Britain and Sweden and the lack of interest found in Hong Kong. To awaken the public to the importance of this issue should be the main task of the Eugenics League.
Medical Report
1939-1940.
The clinics at the Violet Peel Health Centre and at the Kowloon Infant Welfare Centre have been in operation throughout the period under review, and since the end of May, 1939, a third clinic has been opened at the Tsan Yuk Hospital. The attendances at the three clinics from 1st April, 1939 to 31st March, 1940, have been as follows:-
Violet Peel Clinic
Kowloon Clinic
Tsan Yuk Clinic
Totals
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Table I.
First
Repeat
Total
visits
visits
visits
338
270
608
164
164
328
72
40
112
574
474
1,048
The number of first visits shows an increase of seventy-three per centum over the figures for last year, and the aggregate total of 1,048 visits shows an increase of eighty-four per centum over last year.
An analysis of the 574 new cases reveals the following facts regarding the type of patient for whom the clinics cater :-
Average age-30.9 years.
Number of children :-Six, of whom only four survive in the average case.
Family Income:-The overall average was $46 per month. In fifteen per centum of the patients the income was over $100 per month. If these patients are excluded, it was found that the average income of the remaining eighty-five per centum was only $22 per month.
Contraceptive methods:-The greatest reliance has been placed, as in previous years, on the use of the diaphragm and jelly. The sponge and foam powder method has been mainly reserved for those cases unable to learn the technique of the dia- phragm method.
Payment:-The majority of the patients have paid either the whole or a part of the cost of the apparatus provided. In 123 cases, however, the patients were unable to afford any payment and were given completely free treatment.
Results: So far as it is possible to judge from the return visits, the results have been satisfactory on the whole. Four cases of failure have been reported, and on investigation it was found that in each case the patient had discarded the use of the cap.
The advent of the war created certain difficulties over the obtaining of supplies, but these have fortunately been surmounted, and the League has now a good stock of the necessary equipment.
In reviewing the present status of our work the situation can best be expressed by an extract from R. L. Dickinson's recent volume on the "Control of Conception": "Better results from better adaptations; bettered detail of technique; further exten- sion of protection to those with just claims to protection: franker facing of medical issues; organised study
these, rather than new discoveries, are Another statement from the same source
the chief conditions to be chronicled." is in entire agreement with our experience: "Clinics everywhere thought they had a method so generally applicable that the movement required merely multiplication of centres. Pessary-jelly looked effective enough to be exclusive. New follow-up gives this comfortable belief a jolt. The protection rate is high, but the refusal rate is somewhat disconcerting when, except for selected groups, a considerable proportion of those instructed decline to begin or to continue with this method... As protection, contraceptive methods can fairly claim a very large and increasing measure of success by a variety of means. But we shall not be content merely with a large proportion of users of such means completely protected. We seek entire security and simplicity for all who need such safely."
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Notes on a few cases of interest are appended. They are illustrative of many treated at the clinics.
Married 27 years, with a total of 15 and 2 miscarriages. Now has 6 children per month. Patient was given free
Case No. 1.-Woman aged 44 years. pregnancies, including one twin pregnancy living. Husband is a sailor earning $15
treatment.
Case No. 2.-Woman aged 31 years. Married 14 years, with 9 pregnancies and of which 3 were miscarriages. 5 children now living. Husband is a casual carpenter earning $7 per month. Had sponge and foam powder given her pre- viously in Hong Kong after the 8th pregnancy. Was given cap and jelly free.
Case No. 3.-Woman aged 31 years. Married 11 years with 10 pregnancies.
5 children now living. Fitted with diaphragm and jelly.
Case No. 4.-Woman aged 34 years. Married 15 years with 8 pregnancies. 7 children born alive, but only one now living. Mother showed evidence of tuber- culosis, nephritis and mitral stenosis. Father unemployed.
Case No. 5.-Woman aged 37 years. Married 19 years, with 11 pregnancies, of which there were 4 miscarriages. 7 children were born alive, 6 are now living. Husband is a coolie, earning $5 per month. Given free treatment.
Case No. 6.-Woman aged 44 years. Married 25 years, with a total of 14 pregnancies, of which 3 were miscarriages. Now has 7 children living, of whom she has given away one. Is desperately anxious to avoid further pregnancies. Husband is unemployed, and has been taking Chinese pills to render himself sterile. Patient was examined and diagnosed as (?) early pregnancy, and advised to return after one month for confirmation. Unfortunately she did not return, until two months later but informed us that she had succeeded in aborting herself after taking some concoction of wild flowers boiled with rusty nails, putrefied eggs and urine. Had now returned for contraceptive advice. Her general health was very poor and she was referred to hospital for general treatment.
Case No. 7.-Woman aged 38 years. Married 24 years, with 11 pregnancies, of which 10 were born alive and 1 miscarried. Now has 7 children living, of which she has given away 3 owing to extreme poverty. Husband is a tailor earning $12 per month. Patient was in very bad health, anaemic and suffering from general debility. She was referred to hospital for further treatment.
Case No. 8.-Woman aged 37 years. Married 19 years with a total of 10 pregnancies, of which 6 are now living. Husband out of work. Has been using some vaginal tablets to ensure contraception without effect. She desired complete sterilization and objected to our methods as entailing too much bother. Patient was not treated.
Appendix IV.
REPORT ON THE ALMONER'S DEPARTMENT FOR 1939.
The Almoner's or Social Service Department was founded in July and work began immediately at the Queen Mary Hospital. In November, four Chinese training almoners were appointed on three month's probation with a view to at least two of them being employed in government hospitals.
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The administrative duties of the almoner are chiefly concerned with the assessment of patient's payments towards the cost of maintenance in hospital, and with the prevention of abuse of the hospital by those patients who are in a position to pay for the services of private practitioners. Much of this abuse is due to ignorance and an effort is being made to advise such patients of their suitable means of obtaining treatment, with due consideration of medical needs and financial position. Similarly, the poorer hospital patients are advised to attend medical centres near their homes and advice is given them with regard to attendance at welfare centres, special clinics, etc., so that they may obtain the maximum benefit from the existing medical facilities with the minimum of effort and expense.
The Almoner's Department as a Social Service Unit is concerned with the social aspect of disease. Poverty and ignorance with the attendant evils of bad housing, faulty nutrition, and insanitary habits bear a heavy toll on the health of the Colony. At the same time, so many of the hospital services can be wasted if expended on patients whose conditions of living are such as to render them incapable of obtaining any permanent benefit therefrom. By acting as between the patient and those social organizations capable of ameliorating these conditions, the almoner can best serve the interests of public health.
a link
The following are examples of the problems which are met in the wards of the Queen Mary Hospital.
1. The Tuberculosis Wards.
While the hospital accommodation for tuberculosis patients remains so totally inadequate, the existing beds have to be reserved for those cases who are considered to be capable of relatively permanent improvement. A certain number of patients, however, are found after a time to be running a chronic course, and these have to be discharged. Here is a vital problem of after-care. If they go home they are often a source of active infection in crowded surroundings; the Chinese hospitals cannot guarantee to house them for more than a limited period. The only adequate solution so far has been in the case of patients with relatives in the country districts where conditions are more favourable. With the aid of voluntary societies a few such patients have been helped with fares and clothes. But there still remains a great deal which should and could be done in the way of 'after-care', and 'following-up' of tuberculous patients discharged from the hospital.
2. The Children's Ward.
Young
A visit to this ward is encouraging yet at the same time distressing. children are brought in with all manner of debility diseases; they are made strong and well and then the time arrives for them to be sent back to their homes which may be the street, or at best a bed-space, where amidst poverty and neglect so much of the hospital's good work is immediately undone. Many of the children require a long period of institutional treatment, but under present conditions this is impossible. They can however be referred for advice to such valuable organizations as the Society for the Protection of Children and the welfare centres where they can get free congee and milk.
Another problem connected with children is the abandonment by parents of girl babies who have been admitted to the ward for treatment. Generally the parents cannot be traced and such children are found homes either by adoption, or with various orphanages in the Colony, the Italian Convent Foundling Home, the Door of Hope at Taipo, and so on.
3. The attempted suicide cases.
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While many of these patients are temperamental young girls from good homes, there are a certain number of men and women who are brought to this pitch of desperation by poverty and destitution. Since the hospital expends so much skill in bringing these unfortunate people back to life, there seems little point if circumstances will force them to repeat their efforts on discharge from the wards. One old man, for exampe, who had attempted to take his life by throwing himself from a second floor balcony was kept in the hospital for several months until he was well enough to go to the Home for the Aged at Kowloon. Other patients have been referred to the Social Service Centre for the Churches and vacancies obtained in the Refugee Camps.
With the extension of the Almoner's Department to other government hospitals it is hoped to be able to offer some medico-social solution to these problems and the many others which will arise.
M. S. WATSON, B.SC., (Econ.), Almoner.
Appendix V.
REPORT ON TREATMENT OF CEREBRO-SPINAL MENINGITIS AND CHOLERA
AT THE INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL IN 1939.
A. Cerebro-spinal meningitis.
Three methods were given a trial coincidently in order to lessen the effect of random sampling and of a fall in the virulence of the meningococcus as the epidemic progressed and meteorological conditions varied.
The first series were treated by a daily lumbar puncture and with a dose of two grammes of "streptocide" by the mouth on admission, followed by one gramme four hourly until one week after the temperature became normal and the clinical symptoms had disappeared. The second series received anti-meningoccal serum daily with the lumbar puncture.
The third series were given both "streptocide" and serum, in addition to lumbar puncture.
Eliminating all cases other than those in whom bacteriological proof of the condition was forthcoming the results of the three series are as follows:-
Table I.
1st series. 2nd series.
3rd series.
Cures
Deaths
8
13
18
9
13
11
Percentage mortality rate ...
52
50
38
The numbers are too small to be of any real importance from the statistical value, but there is some indication that cases treated with "streptocide" and serum do best. The experiment will be continued.
ག་
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B.
Cholera.
In this instance, the routine treatment adopted consisted of giving patients a hypodermic injection of 1/100 of a grain of atropine sulphate on admission, intravenous infusions of three pints of normal saline and of a two per centum solution of sodium bicarbonate as often as necessary, drinks of Kaolin emulsion during the acute stage to the extent tolerated by the patient and a pill containing three grains of potassium permanganate hourly until the clinical symptoms had disappeared.
Careful attention was paid to the temperature of the patient before and during the actual time of the infusion and the temperature of the solution varied accordingly.
As a rough guide the following rule was followed :—
Rectal temperature of patient.
95°
97°F.
97
100°F.
100
102°F.
Table II.
Temperature of infusion.
102
104°F.
98
99°F.
94
95°F.
102 or over.
Unwarmed at room temperature.
At the suggestion of the dean of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine based on certain research work carried out on animals at the School- "streptocide" was exhibited in a series of fifty unselected cases with fifty controls in addition to the usual routine treatment outlined above. Two grammes of "streptocide" were given to alternate cases on admission followed by one gramme four hourly for four days.
The mortality rates for both series showed no variation of any statistical significance. The number, of course, was too small and the experiment will be repeated.
H. F. TAI,
Chinese Medical Officer in charge Infectious Diseases Hospital.
Appendix VI.
CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON SOME AETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF
I.
BERI-BERI.
AGE, OCCUPATION AND SEX INCIDENCE OF BERI-BERI PATIENTS.
Table I.
(a) Age.
(b) Sex.
Under 1 year
Nil.
From 2 to 5 ..... Nil.
From 6 to 15
21
From 16 to 30
507
Male Female
799
207
From 31 to 60
446
61 and over
32
Total .........1,006
Total ...1,006
'Group A'.
Blacksmith
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Table II.
(c) Occupation.
Occupation which requires hard labour.
19
Farmer
60
Boiler-maker
5
Hawker
75
Boat-builder
12
Miner
8
Brick-maker
LO
5
Mason
52
Carpenter
60
Stone-cutter
10
Coolie
203
Sailor
36
Fisherman
9
Soldiers (Chinese)
14
Total
...568
'Group B'.
Amah
19
Barber
8
Butcher
3
Table III.
Occupation which requires manual labour.
Gardener
Laundryman
House-wife
4
6
144
Baker
3
Printer
5
Bamboo goods-maker
4
Painter
16
Cook
18
Rattan goods-maker
12
+
Conductor
2
Shoe-maker
7
Dyer
3
Trunk-maker
4
Fitter
40
Weaver
16
Total
314
'Group C'.
Fortune-teller
Watchman
Student
Table IV.
Sedentary occupation.
3
Tailor
4
Shop-assistant
17
29
4
Total
57
Table V.
'Group D'.
Unclassified.
Other workmen
34
Unemployed
Total...
283
33
67
Grand total
.1.006
>
*
-
M 121
II.
Occupation
group
Time of
meal
Items of diet per day
6.30 a.m.
White rice
1 to 13 lbs.
Noodle or congee
4 ozs.
Beef or fish (alternate days)
3 ozs.
Table VI.
AVERAGE DIETARY HISTORY OF THE PATIENTS.
Occasional luxuries or accessaries during festival
Herb tea (leong cha)-consists of green leaves of various plants, sugar cane and roots.
Approximate
cost
A.
1.00 p.m.
Shrimp sauce
2 ozs.
Salted fish
2 ozs.
Red bean porridge,
or
Salted egg
1 piece
Green bean porridge
6.00 p.m.
Vegetable-fresh or preserved
6 ozs.
Chinese cakes
25-28¢
Salt
Oil
OZ.
2 ozs.
6.30 a.m.
White rice
11⁄2 lbs.
Herb tea
Noodle or congee
4 ozs.
Beef or fish daily
B.
1.00 p.m.
Dried bean cream
3-4 ozs.
2 ozs.
Red bean porridge
Salted egg
1
Green bean porridge
Vegetable-fresh or preserved
6 ozs.
6.00 p.m.
Salt
Ž OZ.
Chinese cakes
28-30¢
Soya bean sauce
OZ.
8
Cooking oil
2 ozs.
8.30 a.m.
White rice
1 lb.
Chinese cakes
Beef, pork, fish,
Almond tea
chicken or duck
4-6 ozs.
C.
1.00 p.m.
Fresh vegetables
Salt
07.
6.00 p.m.
Fruit (seasonal)
Cooking oil
6 ozs.
4 ozs.
3 ozs. or pudding
Bean porridge
Sometimes midnight meals noodles
35¢
M 122
The above is an outline of the average dietary of the patients when they were active at work. It is note-worthy that invariably they all used white rice as the chief ingredient for carbohydrate, and their vitamin B, reserve is very much limited. Most patients when advised of their diet on discharge can afford to eat red rice which is slightly more expensive than the white rice. Those who work in factories, mines or as an apprentice in small work shops, however, find difficulty in following the advice. It would help a great deal if some rule could be enforced from the Labour Office on the dietary of these institutions.
III.
INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS AETIOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE RATE OF RECOVERY. Rate of recovery is best and most constantly gauged clinically by the degree of recovery of motor functions. As the patients on admission are of various degrees of functional loss, it is conveniently divided into stages as bedridden, able to sit, able to walk, and able to perform the squatting test. Owing to the difference of time required to promote from one stage to the other the shortest time used is noted from the stage of sitting to stand or from stand to walk. This time is taken as one unit rate of recovery. It is experienced that the units required for the various stages can be roughly calculated from the progress chart as shown on the opposite page.
1
Knee jerk
Oedema
Muscular atrophy
Muscular tenderness
Wrist drop
Foot drop
Sitting
Sitting
Sitting
-
1
}
t
Table VII.
PROGRESS CHART OF BERI-BERI CASES.
1
រ
+
+
I
+1
-
1
1
+ +
+
+
+
1
+
+
+
+
+
+
14
I
1
+++
+++
++
++
++
+++
+4
+++
4
1
+1
+
1
+
1
V
1
++
+
1
1
+
+
1
1
+
++
I
I
+1
+
I
1
+1
++
t
1
1
[
+
1
1
*
**
++ +
រ
1
***
}
1
1
+1
→
।
1+
{
1
હૈ
1+
+1
+1
1
+1
!
£1
! →
}
}
M 123
Walk
Walk
+1
Walk
+
Squat
1
Squat
+1
Squat
+
Week
2
૩
4
5
6
7
9
10
"1
12 13
15
15.
16
17 18
19
20
21 22
Stand
Stand
Stand
1
14
M 124
From the above chart it is seen that the unit distribution should be:-
Bedridden to sitting requires two units;
sitting to stand requires one unit;
stand to walk requires one unit;
walk to squat requires two units.
Bedridden
Sit
Stand
Walk
Squat
B
C
D
E
A=2, B=1, C=1, D=2, E=3, F=4, G=6, etc.
If the length of stay in hospital is divided by the number of units the patients passed through, an average unit rate is obtained.
ANALYSIS.
1006 case-records had been reviewed out of which 563 complete records were analysed with the following result:-
(a)
(i)
INFLUENCE OF EXCITING CAUSE ON RATE OF RECOVERY.
Beri-beri due to increased metabolic rate from pyrexia.
1
Table VIII.
Average
hospital
days
Hospital days per unit of recovery
3
1
57
57
4
71
35
121
61
32
55
62
30
Type
Incidence
Post-pneumonia
Post-typhoid
Post-malarial
Post-febrile
(ii) Beri-beri due to fluid tissue loss; disturbed intestinal absorption and increased metabolic rate.
Table IX.
Type
Incidence
Average hospital days
Hospital days per unit of recovery
Post-partum
66
127
56
Post-dysenteric
9
78
53
Post-enteric
1
45
45
Post-haemorrhagic
1
38
38
Post-diarrhoea
16
83
37
Post-operative
6
62
31
Post-cholera
1
15
15
Insidious
M 125
(iii) Beri-beri with no obvious exciting cause.
Table X.
Average
Hospital days
hospital days
per unit
of recovery
282
66
31
Type
Incidence
C
As it is shown in the above table, the beri-beri symptoms were in the majority of cases, manifested after an attack of malaria, next being post-partum and post-febrile cases with unidentified origin. The rate per unit of recovery as shown in the 3rd. column of the table is 38 days.
M 126
(b) INCIDENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BERI-BERI WITH ITS
BEARING ON AGE AND SEX.
Table XI.
Type Degree Age
Sex
Incidence
Average hospital days
Hospital days per unit of recovery
M.
2
93
46
6 -15
F.
1
338
M.
111
81
Severe
16-30
F.
46
141
31-60
M.
57
88
and over
F.
20
98
GF83 38
84
32
60
34
1
39
Total
237
M.
1
76
38
Dry neuritic type
Moderate
6 -15
F.
1
50
25
M.
68
51
26
16-30
F.
11
31-60
and over
ME
M.
59
F.
14
38 85
50
37
59
31
67
35
Mild
Wet cardiac type
Moderate
Severe
Total
6 -15
16-30
31-60
and over
Total
6 -15 F. M.
16-30
31-60
and over
Total
154
MEME ME
M.
E.
11
M.
55
35
E.
3
M.
46
F.
3
O+ Ou
29
66
40
48
60
45
888
38
107
M.
Mild
F.
10 10
5
84
42
5
151
42
M.
10 1
5
107
54
F.
1
12
4
16
6
-15
16-30
31-60
MEME ME
M.
F.
11
M.
13
54
33
F.
M.
13
F.
232
24
52
!
43
3935
16
31
17
and over
Total
30
6-15
16-30
31-60
and over
Total
MEME ME
M.
1
F.
M.
F.
M.
9
F.
2598 85
2242
16
27
27
37
37
43
80
39
21
2528 22
35
19
Grand
563
Total
X
7
T
M 127
From the above analysis it is shown that the severe dry neuritic types are prominent, but this might be false information as it is chiefly this type of case which is transferred to this hospital. The data for certain age and sex influence on the rate of recovery are not sufficiently large to be treated as conclusive. However, it is a personal impression that the middle-aged males are frequently affected and the younger the patient the quicker he recovers. might be explained by the comparatively high metabolic rate of the male adults and the high regenerative power of the children.
IV. Few points on observation of symptoms.
This
(1) It is interesting to note that sensory nerves were less extensively affected than the motor nerves but took longer to recover.
(2) The great majority of cases lost the knee jerk reflex which was the last to recover. In most cases the ligamentum patellae is sunken and is undoubtedly the cause of frequent falls--a point to be remembered when work is recommended to patient on discharge.
(3) Fits and convulsions of tetanic type in post-partum beri-beri cases were too frequently seen to be regarded as incidental and in one case the blood calcium. was estimated as eighty-five milligrammes.
T. J. HUA, Medical Officer in charge, Lai Chi Kok Relief Hospital.
Staff:
M 128
Appendix VII.
(a) HONG KONG PRISON.
Dr. G. I. Shaw carried out the duties of medical officer till the fourth of August, 1939, when he went on home leave. He was relieved by Dr. A. H. Barwell.
2. During the year a series of lectures were given to the Indian staff by the medical officer, hospital supervisor and his assistant. An improvement has been seen in the Indian staff during the year, in consequence of these lectures.
3. Total admissions to Hong Kong Prison, Stanley, during 1939 were 11,964. Of these 824 were fifty years of age and over.
4. Total admissions to the prison hospital during the year were 2,467, daily average of hospital patients being forty-seven. This figure does not include patients kept under observation in "G" Block now attached to the hospital.
5. Total number of prisoners reporting sick was 16,772, making a daily average of fifty-four.
6. Total number of prisoners on outdoor treatment during the year was 38,856. These prisoners attended hospital twice daily for treatment making a daily average
of 213.
7. On admission to prison 204 prisoners were directly admitted to hospital, 2,174 placed untasked in cell, and 1,816 on half-labour.
8. Following were principal diseases prisoners were suffering from on admission to prison:-
Table I.
Chronic tuberculosis
Chronic opium poisoning
Heroin
Scabies
Venereal disease
Hernia
Tinea
572
2,720
1,020
2,171
360
136
151
123
Myocarditis
9. During the year there were sixty-three deaths, causes of deaths were:-
Typhoid fever
Bacillary dysentery
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Generalized tuberculosis
Tuberculous enteritis
Syphilitic aortitis
Streptococcal septicaemia.
Ankylostomiasis
Table II.
Carcinoma of the mediastinum
Tumour of the brain
Abscess of brain
Cerebral haemorrhage
Acute dilatation of heart
1
4
20
2 2 2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
T
M 129
Myocarditis
8
Acute cardiac asthma
Heart failure due to coronary thrombosis
Lobar pneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Broncho-pneumonia
Perforation of gastric ulcer
2
1
2
1
1
1
Cirrhosis of liver
Liver abscess
General debility
Senility
Total
4
1
1
1
63
10. The following transfers took place during the year :-
To Queen Mary Hospital
To Mental Hospital
Table III.
To Infectious Diseases Hospital
12
7
2
Twenty cases were sent to Queen Mary Hospital for X-ray returning the same day and one case for artificial pneumo-thorax treatment was sent on three occasions.
11. Seven prisoners were released on medical grounds suffering from leprosy. On completion of the isolation quarters (at present under construction) leper pri- soners will be isolated, and treated as prisoners until termination of their sentence, before being sent to a suitable institution, if required.
12. Only one case of cholera was reported to the Health Department: there were 610 cases of other infectious diseases also reported, mostly tuberculosis and dysentery.
13.
596 inoculations against cholera were carried out on officers and families and 10,478 on prisoners from May to December, 1939.
14. 12,553 prisoners and remands were vaccinated during the year.
15. 160 operations were performed during the year comprising:-hernia, hydrocele, circumcision, haemorrhoids and removal of cysts, etc.
16. 198 teeth were extracted.
17. 559 officers (inclusive of office staff) reported sick and were seen by the medical officer.
18. 883 officers' wives, children and Chinese government servants were seen by the medical officer in his consulting rooms. An Indian lady medical officer attends every Tuesday afternoon to see gynaecological and other cases.
19. Fairly intensive treatment of venereal diseases has been carried out during the year. Prisoners whose sentence did not permit a full course, i.e., under two months were treated (in the event of gonorrhoea) with irrigations and injections of gonacrine and in some cases streptocide was given, and in the case of syphilis and chancroid were given local treatment and advised to attend a government clinic on lischarge from prison.
M 130
622 cases of venereal diseases were treated, this number does not include
cases where sentence has been too short for full treatment.
1,165 injections of acriflavine derivative were given.
1,460 injections of novarsenobillin.
148 injections of metallic bismuth.
263 bloods were sent to the Bacteriological Institute for a Wassermann test.
20. 75 post-mortem examinations were carried out during the year by the prison medical staff.
21. The following examinations were carried out in the Prison Hospital during the year.
Table IV.
3,567 stools for dysentery, ova, etc.
2,476 blood slides for malaria.
176 sputa for tuberculosis.
366 other for M. leprae, pus cells, cocci, etc.
26 blood counts were carried out.
22. 352 floggings were witnessed during the year.
23. During the year there were eleven executions which were carried out satis- factorily.
24.
Sanitation. As in previous years the precincts of the gaol have been kept scrupulously clean. A new septic tank has been built adjoining the main tank of the prison-this was completed in the middle of December. This tank should be of great service, as the main septic tank was previously built to serve 1,500 men whereas it had been serving almost 3,000 men until recently, and had been occa- sionally going out of action. Routine examinations of prisoners employed in the cookhouse were carried out. Of the total of 132 examinations twenty three were found to be unfit to be employed, of these
7 stools shewed Morgan's bacillus.
3 stools shewed B. flexner.
11 stools shewed positive to bacteriological typhosum.
2 Widals were positive to enteric group.
-
25. Public Health. There have been no cases of malaria during the year amongst the prison staff and their families. General health of the prison staff has been good.
The accommodation in the gaol remains the same as stated in last year's report, i.e., approximately 3,000-which is twice the number for which the gaol is designed.
M 131
Table Y.
HONG KONG PRISON, STANLEY, 1939.
Total prisoners admitted
Daily average of inmates
Total admissions to hospital
11,964
2,832
2,467
Daily average of prisoners in hospital
46.96
Total number of prisoners reporting sick
16,772
Average number of prisoners reporting sick daily
64.10
Total number attending treatment twice daily
38,856
Average daily number attending treatment (106.45 A.M.
and P.M.)
212.90
Deaths due to disease.
63
Death rate, i.e. percentage of deaths to total admission
to prison
0.526
A. H. BARWELL,
M.O., Hong Kong Prison, Stanley.
M 132
(b) LAI CHI KOK FEMALE PRISON.
Three Chinese medical officers of the Lai Chi Kok Hospital performed the duty of medical officer during the year under review.
2. The total number of female prisoners admitted was 1,428.
3. The admission to hospital was 200, a decrease of 33 over that of 1938, the daily average consequently falling to 4.51 as compared with 5.47 of 1938.
4. There was no death in this year.
5. Two cases were transferred to Queen Mary Hospital and one to Kowloon Hospital.
Four cases were referred to Queen Mary Hospital for eye examination, amongst which two were convicts and two wardresses.
6. One prisoner, was transferred to Mental Hospital on 17th March, 1939. 7. There were six normal labours and one breech during the year as compared with eight in 1938.
8. All prisoners were vaccinated and inoculated against cholera during the cholera epidemic.
Number of vaccinations
1,066
Number of inoculations
1,212
9. It is a pleasure to remark that an air of peace and cleanliness is found in the cells and compound. The surroundings not only improve the health of the prisoners, but also creates a soothing effect on the mental strain of the female prisoners.
Table VI,
LAI CHI KOK FEMALE PRISON, 1939.
Total prisoners admitted to prison
1,428
Daily average number of inmates
182.75
Total admitted to hospital
200
Daily average number in hospital
4.51
Total out-patients
593
Daily average number of out-patients
24.8
Death due to disease
Nil
Death-rate, i.e., percentage of deaths to total admission
to prison
Nil
T. J. HUA,
M.O., Lai Chi Kok Female Prison.
1
M 133
Appendix VIII.
THE CONTROL OF DANGEROUS DRUGS IN HONG KONG AND TREATMENT OF ADDICTS.
(a) CONTROL.
Raw and prepared opium are controlled by the Opium Ordinance (No. 7 of 1932), and dangerous drugs by the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance (No. 35 of 1935), and regulations made under both ordinances. There were no changes in these legal requirements in 1939.
2. There were no modifications in administration during the year. evidence of wholesale addiction to (a) prepared opium, and (b) heroin pills. were no important irregularities in the controlled import or sale locally. no export of opium or dangerous drugs from Hong Kong except,
(a) in transit under proper international documents, and
There is There
There is
(b) special "Relief Purposes", dangerous drugs in transit to China.
Letters of warning were sent in a few cases for minor offences to local medical practitioners and chemists. As a general rule the Hong Kong licit traffic under both heads is controlled on approved lines and there is no evidence of legal opium or drugs passing into illicit channels.
3. The international system has worked satisfactorily. No diversion certificates were issued and transit was only allowed when the drugs or opium were under valid international documents. There were no cases which involved forged docu- ments of any kind.
4. Close contact is made direct by the superintendent of imports and exports (the officer in charge of opium and dangerous drug operations) with Far Eastern colonial authorities connected with the opium and drug traffic and with the United States Treasury Department's representatives in Hong Kong and Shanghai. Other contacts are made in the normal course through diplomatic channels. Seizures were made as the result of these contacts and much useful information was passed on without delay in order that it might arrive at the other end in time to be of value.
5. There is an enormous illicit traffic in opium and heroin pills and the total number of seizures under each head were:
Raw opium
Prepared opium
Heroin pills
Heroin
Drug
Table I.
No. of cases
Total amount seized.
180
1,460
13,476 ounces
13,640 ounces
794
3,741,914 pills
11
115.9/10 ounces
There were many seizures of opium on ships, but usually under conditions which indicated that the opium was intended for Hong Kong consumption. In two large cases, however, opium was seized under conditions which showed that it was intended for consumption elsewhere.
The heroin pills were in all cases of local manufacture and no evidence was obtained of the import or export of these pills. In one case the heroin seized was imported from Macao and in the others there was no indication as to its origin.
M 134
6. The extent of the traffic in opium and dangerous drugs in Hong Kong is enormous, but during the year under review the export aspect of the traffic in opium decreased considerably owing to (a) the China Incident, and (b) the European War. The former cut off the supplies of Chinese raw and prepared opium, and as a result the price of the illicit commodities increased considerably during the year. The latter produced an effective control of all shipping which considerably hampered the illicit traffic.
In addition, the strict censorship established over cable and postal matter tightened up the control of the illicit traffic in opium and drugs.
7.
No raw materials are cultivated in Hong Kong.
8. There is no manufacture of opium or dangerous drugs in Hong Kong. Prepared opium sold by the Government Monopoly is manufactured in Singapore, from stocks of raw opium in Singapore owned by the Hong Kong Government, under the Bangkok Agreement.
9. Two types of prepared opium are sold in Hong Kong by the Government Monopoly, (a) Kam Shan and (b) Singapore blend. The former is the balance of the stock of a luxury type made in Hong Kong in 1932. It is sold to registered and rationed smokers and no new names are added to the register. There are fifty-two of these smokers and they consumed 102 kilograms during the year. They pay H.K.$80 for a three tael (four ounces) tin of this opium. The Singapore blend is sold through thirteen Government and eleven licenced shops at H.K.$12 per tael. No smoking of opium is allowed in these shops and 3,048 kilograms were sold through them during the year. There is no rationing of sales from these shops and the num- ber of purchasers or smokers of this opium is unknown but 5,505 individual purchases were counted on three consecutive days in December. The gross revenue from the sales of opium was H.K. $1,028,269.76 and the profit on the year's working of the monopoly shown on a detailed balance sheet in a form approved by the Permanent Central Opium Board of the League of Nations was H.K. $300,709.44. It should be noted however that raw opium used to prepare the opium sold was purchased some years ago and is shown at no book value in this account. Purchases of raw opium will be made in 1940 which will considerably reduce this profit. The 1939 sales of prepared opium were much higher than in recent years-in fact there has been no profit on sales for a long period.
10. Imports and Exports Department and Police Department prosecutions for opium and drugs were as follows:-
Number of cases
Number of persons charged
Fines imposed
Table II
Opium
Dangerous drugs.
2,837
2,196
3,265
2,336
H.K. $271,236,20 H.K.$364,651.00
H.K.$ 11,883.82 H.K.$ 1,800.81
Fines paid
Persons committed for trial
Persons imprisoned by magistrates
Persons deported
66
2,903
2,114
263
769
-
M 135
Of the sixty-six persons committed for trial in dangerous drugs cases sixty-three were convicted. Of the above cases 2,196 involved opium and or heroin pill divans in which :--
5,983 opium pipes,
5,236 heroin pill pipes, and
11,786 lamps
were seized. During the year under review 155,205 days in gaol were served by opium prisoners and 258,105 days were served by dangerous drug (heroin) prisoners.
NOTE. The information in the above report was kindly compiled and furnished by Mr. E. W. Hamilton, superintendent of imports and exports, Hong Kong.
Medical Services.
(b) TREATMENT.
Opium addicts were treated in the Queen Mary Hospital and at the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
In the former institution nine patients were dealt with by the professor of medi- cine, University of Hong Kong.
The patients were all Chinese. Eight were relieved, and one was still under treatment at the close of 1939.
Those under treatment spent an average of fourteen days in hospital, the longest stay being twenty-seven days and the shortest three days.
Gradual withdrawal of opium and auto-serotherapy were the lines of treatment adopted.
The 187 addicts seen at the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital were also Chinese.
The average duration of stay was nine days, the longest stay being twenty-five and the shortest one day.
The treatment followed the same lines as at the Queen Mary Hospital.
The ward was closed on the 15th of May, 1939, to make room for patients suffering from acute diseases.
Of those treated, 100 were stated to have been relieved of their habit, sixty- nine improved and eighteen showed no result. In view of the very short average stay, it is doubtful whether the claim made regarding relief from addiction rests on sound foundations.
During the period from 1st January to 15th May, 1939, the Government made a grant to the Chinese hospital authorities of fifty cents (about 74d) per day for every addict treated in the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Table I.
QUEEN MARY
MENTAL
KOWLOON
TSAN YUK
KENNEDY TOWN
LEPER SETTLEMENT
LAI CHI KOK
M 136
Appendix A.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL
RETURN OF DISEASES
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Table II.
TUNG WAH
Appendix B.
CHINESE HOSPITAL
TUNG WAH EASTERN
KWONG WAH
RETURN OF DISEASES
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Note: The returns for the Government hospitals are given separately from those of the Chinese hospitals although both treat Chinese patients. The reason for this separation lies in the fact the Chinese hospitals are, for the most part, so overcrowded and short of qualified staff that it is very difficult to secure an accurate diagnosis of the cases of disease in a large proportion of those treated.
Diseases.
1.-Infectious & Parasitic Diseases.
1. Typhoid fever
M 137
Appendix A. Table I.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table II.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
12
2. Paratyphoid fevers
3. Typhus fever
4. Relapsing fever
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
108
22
22
3
120
LO
5
מא
3
1
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1939.
4
280
130
284
1222
כא
3
1
5. Undulant fever
185
6
185
6. Small-pox :-
(a) Variola major
11
70
31
81
1
7
3
7
(6) Variola minor (alastrim)
1
7. Measles
1
53
3
54
539
200
543
2
8. Scarlet fever
1
4
LO
5
1
9. Whooping cough
9
2
9
1
13
3
14
10. Diphtheria
8
108
24
116
12
1
124
90
125
1
11. Influenza
1
390
1
391
כא
3
20
2,606
246
2,626
34
12. Cholera
3
624
365
627
174
10
5
174
13. Dysentery :-
(a) Amoebic
(b) Bacillary
اده
99999999
1
15
39
14
43
7
158
18
165
3
29
622
303
651 !
19
3
10
13
1
9!
4883
(c) Other or unspecified.
14. Plague-
(a) Bubonic
(6) Pneumonic
(c) Septicaemic
15. Erysipelas
16. Acute poliomyelitis
17. Encephalitis lethargica
7
7
2
19
1
5
1
4
+
18. Cerebro-spinal fever
19
412
183
431
3
19. Glanders
20. Anthrax
21. Rabies
1
2
21
1
22. Tetanus
ما
5
6
4
1
23. Tuberculosis of the respira-
tory system
36
376
96
412
59
111
3,266 2,084 3,377
186
25
20
25
1
124
120
125
24. Tuberculosis of the central]
nervous system
25. Tuberculosis of intestines
and peritoneum
26. Tuberculosis of vertebral
column
LO
1222
5
12
16
31
2
47
19
Total carried forward
122
2,429 779 2,551
107
1
22
22
21
15
10
223
15
15
1
178 8,057 3,241 8,235 258
Diseases.
M 138
Appendix A.
Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Total Cases Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
122
2,429
779 2,551
107
I.-Infectious & Parasitic
Diseases.-(Contd.)
Deaths.
178 8,057 3,241
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1939.
8,235 258
27. Tuberculosis of other
bones and joints
16
38
2
54
17
18
21
24
39
6
28. Tuberculosis of skin and
subcutaneous tissues
2
-
כא
2
2
29. Tuberculosis of the lym-
phatic, system
1
21
2
223
st
18
18
2
30. Tuberculosis of genito-
urinary system
7
7
1
1
1
31. Tuberculosis of other
organs
32. Disseminated tuberculosis..]
33. Leprosy
34. Syphillis:-
(a) Congenital
(b) Primary
(c) Secondary
(d) Tertiary
35. Other venereal diseases :-
(a) Gonorrhoeal
opthalmia
(b) Gonorrhoea
(c) Soft chancre
36. Purulent infection :-
14
14
7
7
7
123
122
123
133
298
21
431
172
6
6
1 1 1
48
36
151
15
1 1
15
121
136
3
4
72
2
2
9
132
141
13
· 10
10
5555555
40
24
24
1 1 │
48
8893
276
76
2
55555
40
(a) Septicaemia
(b) Pyaemia
(c) Gas gangrene
6
4
1
1
St
2
34
34
34
2
2
≈
1
37. Yellow fever
1
38. Malaria
6
168
1
174
2
(a) Benign tertian
2
307
3
309
8
11
1,306
5 1,317
15
(b) Quartan
15
15
3
46
3
46
(c) Sub-tertian
17
576
21
593
25
102
3,036
697 3,138
(d) Cachexia
1
139
3
140
4
4 1,776
325
1,780
35
33
87
39. Other diseases due to
protozoa :-
(a) Kala-azar
1
1
(b) Trypanosomiasis
(c) Yaws
1 1 1
1 1
40. Ankylostomiasis
2
46
41. Hydatid cysts
1
~
48
3
35
4
38
1
I
..
Total carried forward
326
4,345
848
4,671
363
322 14,692 4,529 15,014 403
ན་
Diseases.
M 139
Appendix A.
Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
326
4,345
848 4,671
363
I.-Infectious & Parasitic
Diseases.—(Contd.)
42. Other diseases due to
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
322 14,692
4,529 | 15,014
403
helminths :-
(a) Astariasis
2
96
1
98
1
57
2
57
(b) Filariasis
1
1
(c) Taeniasis
8
8
2
(d) Clonorchiasis
1
9
10
(e) Schistosomiasis
43. Mycoses:
(a) Actinomycosis
11
I
10
10
2
11
1 1
(b) Other mycoses (sprue)
44. Other infectious or para-
sitic diseases :-
(a) Vaccinia
(b) Other sequelae of
vaccination
(c) German measles
(d) Varicella
1
(e) Mumps
(f) Dengue
7
63
20
4
(g) Glandular fever
1
(h) Blackwater fever
II-Cancer and Other Tumours.
45.
Cancer or other malignant diseases of the buccal cavity, and pharynx
46. Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the digestive
organs, & peritoneum :-
(a) Oesophagus
(b) Stomach & duodenum!
(c) Rectum
(d) Liver and biliary
passages
(e) Other digestive organs
47. Cancer or other malignant tumours of the respiratory organis
48.
Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the uterus ....
49. Cancer or other malignant tumours of other female! genital organs
50. Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the breast
1
כא
3
64
21
1
888
28
36
4
1
5
01
28
16
37
11
11
8
1
19
1
2
76
49
78
5
01
5
12
2
9
12
1
1
521
12
7
12
1
2
5
1
7
כא
1
a)
4
1
39
12
282
1
1
1
28
40
5
12
2∞
22
20
8
6
2∞
22
8
1
1
1
7
3
10
1
6
80
34
7
1
2
32
1
334
134
138
←
00
8
111
11
335
53
86
2
3
65
31
68
Total carried forward
353 4,789 880 5,142 386 336 15,125 4,734 15,461 431
- Diseases.
M 140
Appendix A.
Table I.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total
Appendix B.
Table II.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Brought forward
II. Cancer and other Tumours.
51.
(Contd.)
Cancer or other malignant tumours of the male genito-urinary organs
52. Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the skin
353
~
4,789
880 5,142 386
4
1
6
1
14
15
3
336 15,125
פא
10
4,734 15,461
10
10
13
3
M
14
2
1
40
53. Cancer or other malignant tumours of organs not specified
2
12
5
LO
17
54. Non-malignant tumours:-
(a) Female genital organs (b) Other sites
1
49
13
44
1
555
50
57
55. Tumours of undetermined
nature :-
(a) Female genital organs. (b) Other sites
III. Rheumatism, Diseases of Nutrition and of Endocrine Glands, and Other General
Diseases.
56. Rheumatic fever
57. Chronic rheumatism, osteo-
arthritis :-
(a) Chronic rheumatism.
222
1
5
LO
22222
2 6
1 3
39
3
45
35
431
20
20
41
2
3 2
090909090
40
1
48
1
12
1
12
2
13
13
الله
1
1
(b) Rheumatoid arthritis
225
23
24
1
16
16
1
9
85
233
70
71
4
10
94
11
58. Gout
1
1
1
59. Diabetes mellitus
1
28
2
29
60. Scurvy
61. Beri-beri
6
2
6
3
3
131 1,128
80
1,259
199
215
7,390 1,981.
7,605
338
62. Pellagra
63. Rickets
64. Osteomalacia
65. Diseases of the pituitary
gland
66. Diseases of the thyroid and
parathyroid glands :-
(a) Simple goitre
(b) Exophthalmic goitre
(c) Myxoedema, cretin-
ism
(d) Tetany
(e) Other diseases
67. Diseases of the thymus
2
2
5
10
3
4
2222232
12
12
24
1
28
28
7
7
1
st
4
1
Total carried forward
509 6,185
973
6,694
616
569 22,841
6,772 23,410 790
Diseases.
M 141
Appendix A. Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
509
6,185
973 6,694
616
569 22,841
6,772
23,410
790
Brought forward
III.--Rheumatism, Diseases of Nutrition and of Endocrine Glands, and Other General Diseases. (Contd.)
68. - Diseases of the adrenal glands (excluding tuber- culosis)
69. Other general diseases
IV.-Diseases of the Blood and
Blood Forming Organs.
70. Haemorrhagic conditions:-
(a) Purpura
(6) Haemophilia
71. Anaemia, chlorosis :-
(a) Pernicious anaemia...
(b) Other anaemias and
chlorosis
(i) Splenic anaemia
(ii) Others
72. Leukaemia, aleukaemia :-
(a) Leukaemia
Chronic myeloid
Chronic lymphatic...
Acute
Multiple myeloma
(b) Aleukaemia (lym-
phadenoma)
73. Diseases of the spleen :-
(a) Banti's disease
(b) Other diseases of the
spleen
74. Other diseases of the blood and blood forming organs
V.-Chronic Poisoning.
75. Alcoholism (acute or chro-
nic)
76. Chronic poisoning by other
organic substances :-
Opium habit
Morphine habit
Others
77. Chronic
poisoning by
mineral substances :-
(a) Occupational
poisoning
lead
(b) Other chronic poison-
ing by mineral
1
2
6
2
2
2
1
1
47
1
48
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
|
M
14
14
כא
3
27
30
3
3
Total carried forward
520
| |
N
1
1
112
8
113
1
1
2
25
1
10
5
2222
27
1
сл
5
10
235
18
245
6,281 980 6,801 624 582 23,218 6,801 23,800 796
Diseases.
Carried forward
VI.-Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs.
78. Encephalitis :-
(a) Cerebral abscess (b) Others
79. Meningitis (does not
include C.S.M.)
80. Tabes dorsalis (locomotor
ataxy)
81. Other diseases of the spinal
cord :-
(a) Progressive muscular
atrophy
(b) Subacute
sclerosis
(c) Myelitis of unstated
M 142
Appendix A. Table I.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B,
Table II.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
520
6,281
1
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
980 6,801 624
582 23,218 6,801 23,800 796
2
1
1
2
1
5
LO
5
N
~
14
8
14
2
13
2
13
1
4
10
1
1
combined
1
1
LO
5
14
36
7
179
146
186
6
2
4
כא
origin
6
6
(d) Other
diseases in-
cluded under 81
1
1
•
82.
plexy, etc :-
Cerebral haemorrhage, apo-
(a) Cerebral haemorrhage
(b) Cerebral
1
35
32
1222
embolism
and thrombosis
(c) Hemiplegia and other
paralysis of unstated
origin
83. General paralysis of the
insane
84. Other forms of insanity :-
(a) Dementia praecox
5
37
3
42
21
LQ
5
25
(b) Others
85. Epilepsy
86. Infantile convulsions
87. Other diseases of the ner-
LO
5
6
177
62
183
сл
5
I
1
222
225
25
81
106
74
248
18
322
3
19
082220
88
29
85
42
1
1
38
1 1
283
83
T
1
39
1
2
2
1
vous system
----
(a) Chorea
(b) Neuritis, neuralgia...
6
37
(c) Paralysis agitans
1
1
43
2
72
24
(d) Disseminated sclerosis
1
כא כ
3
2 10
645
14
717
35
9
3
3
(e) Hysteria
8
8
קא
(f) Neurasthenia
1
10
11
(g) Others
6
6
19
3
3
8
20
میں
28
לא
3
88. Diseases of the eye :-
(a) Conjunctivitis
(b) Trachoma
42
4
2:
(c) Corneal ulcer
223
79
83
сл
5
24
26
706
732
37
36
36
1
(d) Other diseases
8
104
2
112
10
Total carried forward
656
7,051 1,046 7,707 777
712
25,065 7,055 25,777
908
Diseases.
M 143
Appendix A.
Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
VI.-Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs -(Contd.)
89. Diseases of the ear and of
the mastoid sinus:
(a) Otitis externa
(b) Otitis media
(c) Mastoiditis
(d) Others
VII.-Diseases of the
Circulatory System.
656
Deaths.
7,051
1,046 7,707
777
712 25,065
7,055 25,777 908
.3
7
1
53
54
27
27
1
1
2
12
.14
2
2.
19
21
5
5
90. Pericarditis
1
1
91.
Acute endocarditis :-
(a) Malignant endocar-
ditis
92,
(b) Other acute endocar-
ditis
Chronic endocarditis, val-
vular disease :-
(a) Aortic valve disease (b) Mitral valve disease (c) Aortic and mitral
valve disease
(d) Endocarditis not re- turned as acute or chronic
(e) Other or unspecified
valve disease
93. Diseases of the myocar-
dium :-
1
3
~
5
க
1
- 10
11
3
LO
5
223
7
20
6
733
1
2
53
35
55
25
2
!
|
11
|
276
147
287
7
2
8
1
10
(a) Acute myocarditis
1
(b) Myocardial degenera-
tion
.2
5
94. Diseases of the coronary
arteries :-
(a) Angina pectoris
!
56
29
56
1
LO
5
7
9
1,040 767
1,049
95. Other
(b) Coronary sclerosis
diseases of the
1
1
1
heart-
(a) Disordered action of
heart
2
19
5
21
1
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded under 95
1
2
1
3
96. Aneurysm
1
1
LO
97. Arterio-sclerosis
5
1
5
98. Gangrene
2
10
12
99. Other diseases of the
arteries
2
2
1
Total carried forward
678 7,185 1,076 7,863
785
1
1
1
כא
3
22
1
25
17
17
8
∞
4
2
29
27
31
743 26,662 8,082 27,405 919
Diseases.
M 144
Appendix A. Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly Total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly Total.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
678 7,185
1,076 7,863 785
VII.-Diseases of the
Circulatory System. -(Contd.)
100. Diseases of the veins :-
(a) Varicose veins
(b) Haemorrhoids
(c) Phlebitis
(d) Thrombosis
(e) Others
101. Diseases of the lymphatic
system, (lymphangitis, etc.)
5
==
17
17
54
59
4
2
4
1
|
2 2
89
93
2
102. Abnormalities
of blood
pressure :-
(a) Arterial hypertension
13
1
13
1
(6) Arterial hypotension
103. Other diseases of the circulatory system
5
VIII.-Diseases of the
Respiratory System.
104. Diseases of the nasal
fossae and annexa :-
(a) Diseases of the nose (b) Diseases of the ac-
cessory nasal sinuses
105. Diseases of the larynx
сл
5
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
743 26,662
8,082 27,405 919
་
49
58
2
4
26
1
30
30
1
מא
3
2
5
30
34
74
13
13
1
14
14
19
1
(a) Laryngismus stridu-
lus
1
1
(b) Laryngitis
18
18
(c) Other diseases of
the larynx
1
1
1
106. Bronchitis :-
(a) Acute bronchitis
11
104
1
115
(b) Chronic bronchitis
6
36
42
(c) Bronchitis not dis- tinguished as acute
or chronic
107. Broncho-pneumonia
108. Lobar pneumonia
109. Pneumonia (not otherwise
defined)
110. Pleurisy
*
(a) Empyema
(b) Other pleurisy
1
4
06
19
342
142
361
2
57 1,520
407 1,577
79
111
2
115
3 1,023 194 1,026
57
1
271
164
272
7
5
147
65
152
3
42 4,417 3,794 4,459
15 1,353 883 1,368
16
12
1
25
10
26
2
156
90
156
1
358
39
3
36
23 1
3588
8
28
4 ∞
Total carried forward
736
8,188
1,327 8,924
LO
2 2
18
37
2880
39
1
815 899 35,622 13.602 36,521 1,091
Diseases.
M 145
Appendix A. Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
736
8,188
1,327 8,924
815
VIII.-Diseases of the
Respiratory System. -(Contd.)
111. Congestion and haemor-
rhagic infarct of lung,
etc :-
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
899 35,622 13,602 36,521 1.091
(a) Hypostatic conges-
tion of lungs
3
3
1
|
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded under 111
80
1
80
6
1
1
1
112. Asthma
2
2
119
פא
3
119
2
מא
3
3
113. Pulmonary emphysema
114. Other diseases of the
respiratory system
(a) Chronic interstitial
pneumonia, includ- ing occupational disease of the lung..
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded in 114
(1) Gangrene of the
lung
(2) Other
diseases
included under
1146
IX.-Diseases of the Digestive System.
115. Diseases of the buccal
cavity, pharynx etc :-
(a) Diseases of the teeth
and gums
(b) Ludwig's angina (c) Diseases of the ton-
sils
(d) Other diseases in-
cluded in 115
116. Diseases of the oesophagus
117. Ulcer of the stomach or
duodenum :—
(a) Ulcer of the stomach
(b) Ulcer of the duode-
num
118. Other diseases of
stomach :-
the
(a) Inflammation of the
stomach
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded in 118
119. Diarrhoea and enteritis
1
1
1
2
7
3
9
1
1
N
1
10
6
2
2
2
238
2
240
4
7
125
132
4
2
4
4
1
108
108
מא
3
294
2
297
1
36
37
2
כא
3
N
}
1
10
a
19
176
40
195
10
5
69
8
1
112753
43
44
1
61
67
55
17
T
$9
64
כא
107
2
110
LO
5
36
る
41
12
842
1
1
318
15
854
11
(under 2 years)
2
115
53
الله
117
10 2,010 1,336 2,020
16
Total carried forward
759 9,241 1,411 10,000
848
948 39,055 15,001 40,003 1,132
Diseases.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
M 146
Appendix A.
Table I.
Appendix B.
Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in
end of 1939. hospital at
Brought forward
IX.-Diseases of the
Digestive System. -(Contd.)
120. Diarrhoea and enteritis
(2 years and over) :-
759 9,241
1,411 10,000 848 948 39,055 15,001 40,003 1,132
(a) Colitis
175
10
179
(b) Otherwise defined
9
116
3
125
121. Appendicitis
6
138
10
144
122. Hernia, intestinal ob-
struction:
(a) Hernia
1
77
2
78
(b) Intestinal
tion
obstruc-
2
14
5
15
123. Other diseases of the
intestines :-
(a) Constipation
(b) Diverticulitis
der 123
(c) Others included un-
124. Cirrhosis of the liver :-
(a) Returned as alcoholic
(b) Not returned as
alcoholic
125. Other diseases of the
liver :-
(a) Acute yellow atrophy
(b) Others included un-
der 125
Amoebic abscess.... Hepatitis
126. Biliary calculi
127. Other diseases of the gall bladder and ducts
128. Diseases of the pancreas....
129. Peritonitis without stated
cause
X.-Non-Veneral Diseases of the Genito-Urinary System and Annexa.
130. Acute nephritis
131. Chronic nephritis
132. Nephritis not stated to
be acute or chronic
2
2 4
כא
∞
*...
68
2,322
1,256 2,390
62
T
3
45
8
48
1
+
3
95
16
1
24
17
98
4
24
24
1
78
1
8=
78
1
1
76
2
77
13
5
562
170
567
17
13
2
13
st
4
13
1
I
1
S
15.
7
137
77
144
7
5
31
16
36
2
LO O
5
1
LO σ
5
1
9
2
9
10
1
1379535
45
1
47
3
4
2
4
21
9
21
24
2 23
53
2
19
כא
3
1
3
←
כא
3
54
42
123
Į
57
כא
3
రా
19
255
24
2
4
55
9
59
56
1
38
35
1,356 459 1,391
91
LO
5
21
1
13
884
344
897
33
39
Total carried forward
792 10,131 1,499 10,923
893
1,094 44,627 17,405 45,721
1,357
1
Diseases.
Brought forward
X.-Non-Venereal Diseases of
the Genito-Urinary System and Annexa.-(Contd.)
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
M 147
Appendix A. Table I.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table II.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
792 10,131
893 1,499 10,923
1,094
44,627 17,405 | 45,721
1,357
133. Other diseases of
the
kidney and annexa :-
(a) Pyelitis
2
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded under 133
2
59
57
5
59
19
21
134. Calculi of the urinary
passages
(a) Calculi of kidney
and ureter
(b) Calculi of the blad-
der
(c) Calculi of unstated
site
135. Diseases of the bladder :-
4
33
36
37
1
41
I
3
מא
}
27
8
27
4
1
28
3
13
31
2
(a) Cystitis
33
33
1
2
32
2
34
2
(b) Other
diseases of
the bladder
27
1
27
1
136. Diseases of the urethra,
urinary abscess, etc:-
(a) Stricture of the
urethra
19
19
91
3
91
M
(b) Other diseases of the urethra, etc.
1
18
-19
1
11
12
137. Diseases of the prostate
1
сл
5
1
6
17
17
138. Diseases of the male genital organs :—
(a) Phimosis
3
(b) Paraphimosis
8223
56
42
228
59
2
1
49
50
1
43
2
(c) Hydrocele
139. Diseases of the female
genital organs :-
(a) 1. Diseases of the
Ovary
2. Diseases of the
fallopian tube
3. Diseases of the
parametrium
סא
3
52
מא
3
2
24
48
2
48
55
st
62
27
3
כא
43
46
1
1
(b) Diseases of the
uterus
5
315
5
320
2
46
48
(c) Diseases of the
breast
28
3
30
10
10
1
(d) Other diseases of the female genital
organs.
XI-Diseases of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperal State.
140. Post-abortive sepsis
Septic abortion
+---
2
8
כא
3
00
8
5
2
38
I
13
3
40
الله
13
Total carried forward
824 10,957 1,521 11,781
916
1,108 45,039 17,422 46,147
1,367
་
Diseases.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
M 148
Appendix A. Table I.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table II.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
824 10,957
1,521 11.781
XI.--Diseases of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperal State.-(Contd.)
141. Abortion not returned as
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
916 1,108 45,039 17,422 46,147
septic
(a) Haemorrhage follow-
ing abortion
2
105
107
2
138
138
(b) Without record of
haemorrhage
46
46
1
44
1955335
45
142. Ectopic gestation
13
ིས་
13
1
8
00
143. Other accidents of preg-
nancy
10
10
16
1
16
144. Puerperal haemorrhage :-
(a) Placenta praevia
8
3
8
}
(b) Other
puerperal
haemorrhage
6
5
16
5
16
7
1
7
145. Puerperal sepsis :-
(a) Puerperal septicaemia
and pyaemia
1
3
4
15
(b) Puerperal tetanus
3
4 2
16
3
146. Puerperal albuminuria and
convulsions :-
(a) Puerperal
sions
convul-
(b) Other conditions in-
cluded in 146
147. Other toxaemias of preg-
nancy
148. Puerperal phlegmasia alba dolens, embolism and
sudden death :-
Puerperal phlegma- sia alba dolens not returned as septic.... Puerperal embolism and sudden death...
149. Conditions associated with
labour :-
(a) Normal labour
(b) Accidents of child-
birth
(c) False labour
150. Other or unspecified con-
1
10
כא
3
3
+
11
הָא
3
23
8
23
95
31
95
3
1
82
6,044
6,126
106
107 8,207
8,314
86
14
14
451
14
451
3
3
3
ditions of the puerperal
state :-
(a) Puerperal insanity.. (b) Puerperal diseases
of the breast
1
3
1
1
22
22
22
1
Total carried forward
911 17,697
1,560❘ 18,608
1,026 1,217 53,613 17,473 54,830
1,459
1,367
Diseases.
M 149
Appendix A. Table I.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total
Appendix B. Table II.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
XII.-Diseases of the Skin
and Cellular Tissue.
911 17,697
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
1,560 18,608 1,026
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in
end of 1939. hospital at
1,217 53,613 17,473 54,830 1,459
151. Carbuncle, boil
180
184
6
296
44
302
7
152. Cellulitis, acute abscess :-
(a) Cellulitis
5
319
5
324
84
2,051
88
98
2,135
93
(b) Acute abscess
44
1
50
153. Other diseases of the skin
and its annexa
XIII.-Diseases of the Bones and Organs of Locomotion.
15
211
2
226
14
78
2,419
2,497
211
154. Acute infective osteomye- litis and periostitis
2
23
1
25
2
155. Other
diseases of the
19
1
19
3
bones
156. Diseases of the joints and other organs of loco- motion
(a) Diseases of the joints
63
3
70
(b) Diseases of other
organs of locomotion
25
333
XIV.—Congenital Malforma-
tions
157. Congenital malformations :--
2
∞
I
13
136
Сл
5
64
12
69
1
20
20
20
20
1
152
1
165
11
36
1
(a) Congenital
hydro-
cephalus
5
5
3
3
3
(b) Spina
bifida and
meningocele
1
1
1
I
(c) Congenital malform-
ation of heart
2
14
(d) Monstrosities
I
(e) Other
congenital
malformations
3
30
3
33
XV.-Diseases of Early
Infancy.
19
3
16
2
9
6
LO
5
T
36
16
36
382
158. Congenital debility
1
21
2223
2
8
383
319
391
159. Premature birth
3
3
3
1
84
68
85
2
160. Injury at birth
1
Total carried forward
965 18,655 1,594 19,620 1,077 1,412 59,166 18,040 60,578 1,785
36
Diseases.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1938.
M 150
Appendix A.
Table I.
Appendix B. Table II.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Admis-
sions.
Brought forward
965 18,655
XV.-Diseases of Early
Infancy.-(Contd.)
161. Other diseases peculiar to
early infancy K-
(a) Atelectasis
(b) Icterus neonatorum...
(c) Other
diseases in-
Icluded in 161
Diseases of the
umbilicus
Pemphigus neo-
natorum
Others included
under 161c.
сл
5
17
of
1
33
XVI.-Old Age.
162. Old Age :—
(a) Senile dementia
(b) Other forms senile decay
XVII.-Conditions Associated
with Violence.
163. Suicide,
or attempted
suicide, by poisoning
(including corrosive poi- soning)
164. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by gas poisoning
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1939.
Remaining in hospital at end of 1938.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in hospital at
end of 1939.
1,594 19,620 1,077 1,412 59,166 18,040 60,578 1,785
1
1
1
1
ου
34
1
22 23
1
3
9
5
9
3
3883
82
1,016
417
1,098
63
3
201
31
204
2
17
17
165. Suicide,
Oľ attempted
suicide, by hanging or
strangulation
11
1
11
166. Suicide,
or attempted
suicide, by drowning
1
92
4
93
2
167. Suicide,
or
attempted
suicide, by firearms
1
168. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by cutting or piercing instruments
20
5
20
2
2
169. Suicide,
or attempted
suicide, by jumping
from a height
17
11
17
1
1
1
170. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by crushing
or attempted
suicide, by other means
171. Suicide,
172. Infanticide
כא
3
N
Total carried forward
975 19,052 1,648 20,027
1,090 1,494
60,214 18,468 61,708 1,848
>
CONTENTS.
Report of the Chairman, Urban Council:-
Changes in Departmental Staff..
Administration
Revenue and Expenditure
Refuse Collection and Refuse Removal
Nightsoil Removal
Disinfection at Disinfecting Stations
Dead Boxes
Public Bath-houses
Cemeteries, Mortuaries, Crematoria
Undertakers
Work done under the Public Health (Sanitation) and Buildings
Ordinances
Work done under the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance and
Section 4 of the Public Health (Food) Ordinance
Urban Council
Town Planning Board
General
Annexe
Annexe by the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon :-
Section I:-
(a) General Position
(b) Animal Health
Section II—
(a) Disease Control
(b) Animal Husbandry
(c) Marketing of Animal Products
(d) Veterinary Education......
Section III:-
Legislation
Section IV-
Veterinary Department
Section V-
Statistics
Page
1
1
1
2
3
Co
3
3
3
3
3
3
تن
4
LO
5
8
9
9
10
10
2 2 2
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
3. Tables:-
CONTENTS,--(Continued).
Page.
T
"
Comparative Statement of Expenditure, 1938 and 1939 ...
13
II
Comparative Statement of Revenue, 1938 and 1939
14
III
Cost of Refuse Collection and Removal
15
دو
IV
V
Disinfection at Disinfecting Stations
16
""
Attendance at Public Bath-houses
16
x
VI
(i) Interments, Cremations, Mortuaries and Removals
17
VI
(ii) Exhumation.
18
VII
""
Number of Nuisances Reported and Action taken, 1939 ..
19
VIII
Classification of Nuisances Reported, 1939
19
IX
Return showing the Distribution of Buildings in Various
Health Districts
20
X
House Cleansing Return, 1939
21
XI
(1) Table Showing Number of Chinese Houses and
Floors, Victoria, 1939
22
XI
"
(ii) Table Showing Number of Chinese Houses and
Floors, Kowloon, 1939
23
XII
Premises Licensed or Admitted to Registration
24
XIII
Accidents in Factories, 1939
25
XIV
་ ་
Slaughterhouses-Cattle, Swine, Sheep and Goats
admitted to the Animal Depots and Animals slaughtered during 1938 and 1939
26
Senior Officers:
REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN, URBAN COUNCIL.
1.-CHANGES IN DEPARTMENTAL STAFF.
The Chairman, Urban Council.
1st January to 17th September
Mr. R. R. Todd.
18th to 28th September
29th September to 31st December..
Mr. H. R. Butters. Mr. W. J. Carrie.
The Health Officer, East.
Dr. G. W. Pope.
Dr. T. W. Ware.
1st to 21st January
14th October to 31st December 22nd January to 13th October
Dr. Tai Hon Hung was posted as an additional Health Officer from 1st January to 31st December.
Dr. Teng Pin Hui was posted as an additional Health Officer from 1st January to 30th April.
Dr. Tsoi Teng Ming was posted as an additional Health Officer from 1st May to 21st December.
Inspectors :-
2 Chief Inspectors.
6 Senior Inspectors.
44 European Inspectors.
21 Chinese Inspectors.
Establishment.
9 Probationary Chinese Inspectors.
2.-ADMINISTRATION.
With the increase in the inspectorate it was found possible to reduce in size several of the health districts and eight new health districts were formed, four in Hong Kong and four in Kowloon.
3.-REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
Table I is a comparative statement of the department's expenditure for the years 1938 and 1939.
Table II shows under the various heads the revenue collected by the depart- ment during 1939 as compared with 1938; and also the revenue paid into the Treasury in respect of contracts.
There was an increase in personnel which accounts for greater expenditure on personal emoluments, uniforms for staff and also for scavenging gear, and refuse lorries.
M (1) 2
Increased slaughtering accounts for an increase in running expenses of meat vans and is reflected in increased revenue.
The opening of the new Central Market has resulted in considerably greater expenditure on light; the revenue from markets is now collected direct by the Treasury and amounted to $556,329.85 during 1939.
4. REFUSE COLLECTION AND REFUSE REMOVAL.
To improve the street scavenging facilities, an additional 200 coolics were engaged and 5 extra refuse lorries were placed in commission as from 1st July, 1939. The streets in the urban area are now swept continuously from 7.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. daily instead of twice daily.
Equipment. The department has at its disposal for refuse collection and removal 32 motor lorries (of which 20 are employed in Hong Kong and 12 in Kowloon), 3 towing tugs, 9 deep draft and 9 light draft lighters and 3 sailing junks.
During the year three new six-wheeler Morris refuse lorries and five new Ford 2 ton refuse lorries mentioned above were added to the fleet.
Collection.-There were collected and delivered to depots:-
(i) from City of Victoria, including hill district and out-
lying residences
(all of which was collected by motor lorries, except 537 tons at Aberdeen and 4,430 tons at Shaukiwan, which were collected by handcarts).
(ii) from Kowloon including Kowloon Tong and Kowloon
City
(all of which was collected by motor lorries, except 1,620 tons at Ma Tau Kok, which were collected by handcarts).
(ii) collected in rural districts (Pokfulam Village, Tele- graph Bay, Aplichau and Shek O) and burnt in incinerators
(iv) delivered to the digester.
Total
(or 397.5 tons per day)
89,971.5 tons
52,722.5 tons ·
965.0 tons
1,432.0 tons
145,091.0 tons
Removal.—201,301.5 tons (or 551.8 tons per day) were received at the depots. The difference between this figure and the figure shown as collected is due to the fact that a large quantity of refuse is taken to the depots by private firms and individuals.
During the year all refuse was taken to the Kun Tong reclamation.
.:
:
Cost. The cost of refuse collection and removal is shown in Table III.
<
M (1) 3
5.-NIGHTSOIL REMOVAL.
The contractors for the removal of nightsoil from Aberdeen, Pokfulam. Aplichau, Stanley and Tai Tam respectively carried out their work satisfactorily under the abnormal conditions.
During the year nightsoil from Victoria, Shaukiwan and Kowloon was removed by the department to Kwai Chung Bay and sold to a contractor for disposal outside the urban district.
The method of the removal of nightsoil from premises not yet provided with the water flushed system was considered by the Urban Council in August and a Select Committee was appointed to investigate the possibility of providing a system more satisfactory to the health authorities. The matter was still under discussion at the end of the year.
6. DISINFECTION AT DISINFECTING STATIONS.
Table IV shows the number of articles and vehicles disinfected during the year 1939. The figures for 1938 are given for comparison.
7.-DEAD BOXES.
Dead boxes are obtainable at any hour of the day or night at the two disinfecting stations.
8. PUBLIC BATH-HOUSES.
Table V shows the number of men, women and children who used the bath- houses during the year.
9.-CEMETERIES, MORTUARIES, CREMATORIA.
Table VI (i) shows the number of interments at the various cemeteries during the year 1939 and gives particulars of cremations, bodies deposited in the Tung Wah Hospital mortuary, and removals from the Colony before burial.
Details of the number of exhumations carried out by the department will be found in Table VI (ii) together with the number carried out by relatives of deceased persons.
10.—UNDERTAKERS.
Two undertaker's licences were issued and two cancelled during the year making a total of fifty-three on the register on 31st December, 1939.
11.—WORK DONE UNDER THE PUBLIC HEALTH (SANITATION) AND BUILDINGS ORDINANCES.
(i) Sanitary nuisances and contraventions of sanitary by-laws:-
Table VII shows the total number of nuisances reported and the action taken to obtain compliance. Of the total number of nuisances reported in which action was taken almost 69% were abated after receipt of a letter.
a legal notice failed to produce compliance.
In 136 cases
M (1) 4
(i) Table VIII shows the nuisances in respect of which action has been taken.
(ii) Building Nuisances.-Under the Buildings Ordinance, 1637 nuisances were reported by the department to the Building Authority for action. These are additional to those referred to in paragraph (i) above.
(iv) Table IX shows the distribution of buildings in the various health districts.
(v) Miscellaneous Improvements. Table IX shows the number of houses demolished and erected. The great majority of these are tenement houses.
(vi) Housing.-Table IX shows the number of tenement houses in the several districts erected in conformity with the requirements of the Buildings Ordinance.
(vii) House Cleansing. The routine work under the by-laws for domestic cleanliness and prevention of disease was carried out during the year. Table X shows the number of floors cleansed in the various districts as compared with the last two years.
It will be noticed that although there was an increase in the number of floors cleansed in the western central and central districts due to the forma- tion of additional health districts, the total number of floors cleansed shows a reduction, which was due to the suspension of house cleansing during the cholera. and small-pox epidemics.
(viii) House cleansing was normally carried out on five mornings a week by the staff. The privilege of permitting certain occupants of premises to carry out house cleansing at their own convenience was continued and further extended during the year. The terms and conditions under which this concession was granted were generally complied with.
(ix) Prevention of Mosquito Breeding. During the year action was taken in 937 cases of mosquito nuisance or potential mosquito nuisance.
(x) Licensed Premises.-451 premises were inspected by officers of the de- partment with a view to the issue of new licences. Routine inspections of three thousand nine hundred and forty licensed premises were made throughout the
year.
(xi) Rat Catching.-Twenty-seven members of the cleansing staff were employed during the year setting traps, birdlime boards and also collecting rats from street rat-bins, private premises, etc., and taking them to the public mortuary for examination. The total number of rats caught was:—
#
W
Hong Kong
Kowloon
88,581
132,621
Of these none was found to be plague infected.
12. WORK DONE UNDER THE ADULTERATED FOOD AND DRUGS ORDINANCE AND SECTION 4 OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH (FOOD) ORDINANCE.
(i) Samples of fresh milk were submitted for analysis under section 10 of the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance, of which 151 were found to pass the standard and 3 to be below standard.
Prosecution was successfully undertaken in all 3 cases where the samples. failed to satisfy the legal requirements.
M (1) 5
In addition the following samples of food and drugs were taken:—
Boracic Acid Powder 14, Butter 23, Cheese 15, Coffee 31, Fat 3, Milk
(Fresh) 154, Milk (Unsweetened Evaporated) 35, Milk (Pasteurized) 34, Milk (Condensed, and Condensed Skimmed) 44, Milk (Dried) 5, Peanut Oil 18, Powder Quinine Pills 2 and Tea 58.
(ii) The following foodstuffs were seized and destroyed under section 4 of the Public Health (Food) Ordinance:-
Fish 3 lbs., Fruit 2 lbs., Fruit Juice 20 pints, Tea 246 lbs. and
Vegetables 312 lbs.
The following foodstuffs were voluntarily surrendered and destroyed:-
Bread 1 lb., Cereals 66 lbs., Condiments 95 1/8 lbs., Confectionery 1,430 lbs., Cheese 240 lbs., Eggs (2 baskets) 1,100 lbs., Fish 6701 lbs., Flour 407 lbs., Fruit 1,637 lbs., Fruit Juice 100 lbs., Meat 6,527 1/16 lbs., Milk (Condensed, Powdered and Evaporated) 15,887 lbs., Tea 1,120 lbs. and Vegetables 622 lbs.
13.-URBAN COUNCIL.
(i) The following were members of the Urban Council during the year:-
The Chairman (Mr. R. R. Todd from 1st January to 17th September; Mr. H. R. Butters from 18th to 28th September and Mr. W. J. Carrie from 29th September to 31st December).
The Hon. Director of Medical Services (Replaced by the Deputy Direc-
tor of Health Services from 14th September).
The Hon. Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
The Hon. Director of Public Works.
The Hon. Commissioner of Police.
Mr. F. C. Hall.
Dr. R. A. de Castro Basto.
Mr. L. C. F. Bellamy, M.C. (Mr. C. Champkin acted from 14th April to 5th November during the absence on leave of Mr. Bellamy).
Mr. A. el Arculli.
Dr. S. N. Chau.
The Hon. Mr. W. N. T. Tam (The Hon. Mr. Li Tse-fong acted from 22nd July to 30th October during the absence on leave of the Hon. Mr. W. N. T. Tam).
Mr. B. Wong Tape.
Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E.
M (1) 6
Legislation.
(i) The following new by-law and amendments to existing by-laws were made by the Council:-
A. The by-laws under the heading "Markets" and sub-heading "Market Stalls' set forth in the Schedule to the Public Health (Food) Ordinance, 1935, were amended by the introduction of a new by-law 35A with the object of compelling every stall-holder in certain markets to provide himself with a scale marked in English weights and to weigh any goods purchased from him on such scale if re- quested by a customer to do so. The by-law was made by the Council on 7th November and approved by the Legislative Council on 7th December.
B. By-law 6 under the heading "Markets" set forth in the Schedule to the Public Health (Food) Ordinancé, 1935 was amended by the addition of a further condition to the conditions on which market stalls are let by the Urban Council enabling the Council to revise stall rents after stalls have been let for a period of 5 years. The amendment was made by the Council on 19th December and awaits the approval of the Legislative Council.
C. By-law 1A under the heading "Sale of Milk generally and Dairies and Milk Shops" set forth in the Schedule to the Public Health (Food) Ordinance, 1935, was amended by the addition of the words "or cream" "or pasteurized cream", and a proviso fixing a bac- teriological standard for milk and cream both before and after pasteurization was added. The amendment was made by the Council on 5th December and approved by the Legislative Council on 28th December.
(ii) Markets.-The following new market was opened during the year:-
Central Market.
(iv) Public Latrines and Conveniences.-During the year public conveniences were completed and demolished as follows:-
Hong Kong
Kowloon
Total
Completed.
3
3
Demolished.
2
2
(v) Cemeteries. (a) The following cemetery was authorised by the Governor-
in-Council during the year:-
Kai Lung Wan West Extension Cemetery.
(b) The following cemetery was opened during the year:-
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 8 (Urn Cemetery at
Diamond Hill).
*
M (1) 7
The following shows the numbers of burials (including cremations, etc.) during the ten years 1930 to 1939:-
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
16,482
18,742
20,300
18,238
18,682
20,648
23,874
31,503
36,138
44,794
There were no serious epidemics other than an outbreak of cholera during the year and the large increase in the number of deaths can only be attributed to the rapid growth of the Colony's population.
(vi) Premises Licensed or Admitted to Registration.-Table XII shows the number of premises licensed or admitted to registration by the Urban Council.
(vii) Hawkers Licences.-The number of licences of each class issued or renewed up to 30th September, 1939, was as follows:-
Hawkers (Stallholder's) Licences
""
11
(Steamship) (Native Craft) (Itinerant)
"
(Newspaper)
Total
""
1,240
134
115
""
8,500
415
10,404
(viii) Factories and Workshops.-The industrial life of the Colony maintain- ed its level throughout the year in spite of the hostilities in China and towards the end of the year in Europe. Some difficulty was experienced in getting raw materials that were formerly obtained from Europe but that is gradually being overcome. Several new industries have opened up including the manufacture of matches, and of buttons from nuts and cocoanut shells. There was a steady increase in the number of factories particularly in weaving and knitting, hard- ware, and shirt and pyjama makers. Factories producing gas respirators and war implements for the Central Government of China have also increased. The output of rubber shoes, electric hand torches, batteries and bulbs, etc. for the Empire and oversea markets was well maintained. Latterly the ban on Hong Kong manufactured goods into Singapore has had its effect on the smaller producers and some have gone out of business. Factories were regularly visited during the
year.
Extensions of working hours under by-law 8 (2) of the Factories and Workshops Ordinance No. 18 of 1937 were granted in several instances for special
reasons.
Working conditions have much improved and more factory type buildings were erected. More industrial undertakings opened up in the New Territories and several applications were received to erect factories, including another match factory on the New Territories islands.
M (1) 8
Labour.--Employment generally for the first ten months of the year was very steady, most of the factories worked to their full capacity, although the majority of them closed before the regulation hours. It is possible to give approximate numbers only in respect of labour in registered factories. There was a steady increase and the figures at the end of the year approximated 57,500. The amount of unemployment is difficult to judge, many refugees still being in the Colony. Skilled labour was in demand principally in the shipyards. There was nothing outstanding in the building trade. There was no appreciable change in the scale of worker's wages. Payment by piecework especially for female workers continued to be the common practice for mass production work. Output is naturally much greater under this method of payment. Skilled labour continued on the daily, twice monthly or monthly rates of pay. (The demand for labour was easily met but workers from Shanghai were brought down for specialized work. Refugees too were taken on in some instances for similar reasons. To overcome the labour troubles caused by the Shanghai workers local labour is being trained in some special work that was hitherto done by northerners.
Legislation. No new by-laws were made during the year.
Prosecutions.There was a total of 71 prosecutions for the year including 21 for operating unregistered factories and 41 for employing females and young persons during prohibited hours. Many surprise visits were made at night by the inspectorate.
Accidents. The total number of accidents reported was 160, of which. 15 were fatal. Please see Table XIII.
Registration.--During the year 212 certificates of registration were issued in respect of new factories. The closures amounted to 93. At the end of the year 948 registered factories and workshops were in operation.
14. TOWN PLANNING BOARD.
(i) A Town Planning Board was appointed by His Excellency the Governor. Its functions were
(a) to draw up zone-schemes and other town plans as advised by the Housing Commission, such schemes and plans to be published for criticism and thereafter submitted to the Governor in Council for approval;
(b) to carry out such schemes as and when approved; and
(c) to undertake the census work advised by the Housing Commission.
(i) The following were members of the Town Planning Board during the
year:-
The Chairman of the Urban Council, Chairman.
The Hon. the Director of Public Works, Vice-Chairman.
A senior officer of the Corps of Royal Engineers.
The Labour Officer.
The Land Officer.
Mr. W. H. Owen (Mr. R. J. Vernall acted during the absence on leave
of Mr. Owen).
Mr. C. B. Robertson.
The Hon. Mr. L. D'Almada e Castro, Jr.
Mr. A. S. Mackichan.
The Hon. Mr. W. N. T. Tam.
Mr. J. M. Wong.
The Deputy Director of Health Services.
The Secretary to the Board was the Secretary to the Urban Council.
4
M (1) 9
15. GENERAL.
Food Control.-The outbreak of war, in Europe in September made it necessary for the Government to control food supplies and the prices at which certain foodstuffs were sold. The Chairman, Urban Council, was appointed Controller of Food and with the assistance of a Prices Board the prices of the main foodstuffs are kept to a reasonable level above the prices charged by retailers prior to the outbreak of hostilities.
Pigsties in Kowloon.-Pigsties situated on sites which were at one time well beyond the residential area in Kowloon had become a danger to the health of the community as the city grew and houses were built round the area occupied by the sties. The Council decided to issue no new licences for the Kowloon and New Kowloon urban area, and to abolish all unlicensed sties. In spite of strenuous opposition by the sty owners all unlicensed sties in these areas were finally cleared away. Over 200 prosecutions had to be undertaken to enforce the decision of the Council.
—
Central Market. The rebuilding of the new Central Market was completed during the year and on 1st July, 1939, it was opened for business. The building was designed with the most modern improvements and applications for stall spaces were much greater than could be met. Very high rents were offered and later in the year many stalls were given up as stallholders found the amount of rent offered was more than businesses could afford. The stalls were re-let at lower rents. The market contains 285 stalls, for the sale of Beef and Mutton 40, for Pork 62, for Poultry 45, for Fish 57, for Fruit 31 and for Vegetables 50.
Office accommodation and quarters for the market staff are provided on the top floor.
16. ANNEXE.
A report by the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon is shewn as an annexe.
15th March, 1940.
W. J. CARRIE,
Chairman, Urban Council.
M (1) 10-
REPORT OF THE COLONIAL VETERINARY SURGEON, HONG KONG,
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
Section I.
(a) Owing to the persistence of unsettled conditions it is very difficult to tell at present whether or not the live stock industry of the Colony is increasing. At the moment, owing to the recent military activity in the adjacent Chinese territory the amount of live stock in the Colony is larger than before but it is not yet possible to tell how much of the increase will remain.
(b) The position as regards animal health remains very satisfactory.
Section II.
(a) Disease Control.
Control of importation and movement still prove effective.
CONTAGIOUS ABORTION.
The position is not serious and continues to improve. Segregation of infect- ed animals and the rearing of all calves on milk from non-aborting cows is still carried on.
Anthrax. Two cases occurred among ponies in a stable near the frontier.
Three cases occurred in cattle sheds on the island. All were isolated cases.
Rabies. No case occurred throughout the year. Control of movement and muzzling was continued.
The following animals were kept under observation during the year on account of being suspected of being rabid but all were found free from the disease :-
Dogs 305.
Monkeys
1.
Cats 2.
7 brains were examined by the Government Bacteriologist but no Negri bodies could be demonstrated.
Rinderpest. One small outbreak occurred in a group of cattle sheds on the mainland among cattle which had been immunised by the serum simultaneous. method. The virulence of the infection seemed to be high but the power of spread very low, cases occurring singly and at comparatively long intervals. Fifty animals were affected and 22 died.
TUBERCULOSIS.
Tuberculin testing by the majority of owners is still carried out and reactors are isolated from the rest of the herd. Reactors which are poor milkers, infected with B. Abortus or showing any abnormality of the udder, are slaughtered. Calves from reacting cows are removed at birth and reared on milk from healthy cows.
All milk sold in the Colony is pasteurised.
A few cases of infection of the neck glands are found in swine.
*
M
M (1) 11
QUARANTINE.
The following animals passed through quarantine during the year and no case of infectious or contagious disease occurred:—
Horses.
151
Cattle.
Cows. 76
Bulls. 5
Dogs.
128
In addition to the above the following animals were quarantined on importation for slaughter and the undermentioned cases of disease detected :-
Cattle. 101,518.
Swine. 535,236.
DISEASE AMONG THE ABOVE.
Cattle.
Anaplasmosis
Anthrax
Injuries
Metritis
Sheep & Goats. 21,129
21 Cases.
11
5
1 Case.
Moribund
Oedema
Rinderpest
Peritonitis Septic
Tuberculosis
1
4 Cases.
5
J
1 Case.
1
Uraemia
Swine.
Emaciation
Erysipelas
Fever
Injuries
Jaundice
1
""
1 Case.
99 Cases.
80
2
6
2
""
Moribund
2
Tuberculosis (neck glands)
6
Sheep & Goats.
Caseous Lymphadenitis
Fever
Injuries
Jaundice
Oedema
11
1 Case.
3 Cases.
1 Case.
19 Cases.
5
>>
M (1) 12
RESEARCH OPERATIONS.
Limited staff and the absence of a veterinary laboratory make this impossible.
(b) Animal husbandry.
NOTHING NEW TO REPORT.
(c) Owing to the hostilities in the neighbouring country the amount of lard etc. imported for local consumption has dropped very considerably with the result that the amount of locally produced lard available for export, after local needs are met, is greatly reduced, as the following figures show:-
EXPORTS TO PHILLIPINE ISLANDS, UNITED KINGDOM AND AUSTRALIA.
Lard.
1,836,105 lbs.
Crackling.
162,492 lbs.
Skin.
Sausage and
Dried Meat.
121,724 lbs.
246,078 lbs.
(d) A course of lectures and demonstrations on meat inspection and animal diseases communicable to man was given to probationary sanitary inspectors.
Section III.
Regulations, published as Government Notification No. 1164 of December 15th, 1939, regarding "bird shops" were passed.
Section IV.
There is no autonomous veterinary department in Hong Kong. The veterinary officers are, for administrative purposes, officers of the Sanitary Department and all financial matters are embodied in the accounts of that department.
Section V.
Livestock in the Colony as at December 31st, 1939 :-
Figures not available for publication. Livestock imported during 1939.
Horses.
151
Cattle.
Bulls.
5
Cows.
76
Dogs.
128
This does not include animals for the military authority or for slaughter.
LIVESTOCK IMPORTED FOR SLAUGHTER.
Cattle. 101,518.
Swine. 535,236.
Sheep & Goats.
21,129.
This is a very considerable all round increase.
W. J. E. MACKENZIE, Colonial Veterinary Surgeon.
29th February, 1940.
M (1) 13
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
Personal Emoluments (1)
$ 862,266.79 $ 909.088.12
Other Charges.
Advertisements
566.00
746.25
Bath-houses, Fuel, Light, etc.
Burial of Infected Bodies
Coal for Official Quarters
Coffins and Biers Conservancy
Conveyance Allowances
Disinfectants
2,232.11
1.781.16
Bathing Places, Care and Control of
2,491.78
1,610.05
674.20
1,476.01
973.99
2,934.84
720.10
20,227.91
20.244.83
10,725.27
11,670.05
8,018.20
9.939.57
Disinfecting and Cleansing Stores
1,476.07
2.546.53
Disinfectors, Operating expenses of
1,876.58
1.222.50
Dust Carts, Upkeep of
64.73
56.21
Exhumation, Recurrent
2,545.43
5.546.79
Expenses of Inspectors in obtaining Royal
Sanitary Institute Certificates
755.59
280.00
Fuel for Blacksmith's Forges.
91.00
200.00
General Cleansing, Chinese New Year
687.50
693.50
Head Stones
3,470.36
7,017.44
Incidental Expenses
1,227.50
2.076.78
Latrine Pails
593.75
737.32
Light and Electric Fans
18,841.92
26.270.57
Motor Lorries, Vans & Cars, Running Expenses.
32,473.46
43,502.18
Paint, Turpentine, &c.
356.69
471.02
Rat Poison, Rat Traps, &c.
924.99
1,381.55
Rent of Public Telephones
523.75
171.67
Rent of Quarters for Inspectors & Sanitary
Offices
2,220.00
2,220.00
Rent of Quarters for Scavenging Coolies
2,675.00
2,778.00
Scavenging Gear
8,461.31
15,395.08
Training of Chinese Probationer Sanitary
Inspector
1,304.00
1.848.00
Transport
873.93
986.37
Uniforms for Staff
9,784.66
13,265.40
Workshop Apparatus.
31.73
46.68
Town Planning Board Expenses
54.54
Animal Depots
Depots and Slaughter
House,
Ammunition
3,714.72
4.900.45
Animal Depots and Slaughter House, Fuel
2,160.01
Animal Depots and Slaughter House,
Incidental Expenses
1,547.59
1,212.72
Animal Depots and Slaughter House, Light
1,059.39
1,005.57
Animal Depots and Slaughter House, Motor
Meat Vans Running Expenses
14,204.03
14.809.89
Cattle Crematorium and Refuse Destructor
2,115.11
1,044.40
...
Total Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges
$1,027,673.91
$1,108,815.28
(1) "Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. & A.S. & J.C. Service".
Special Expenditure.
Two Typewriters
Three Steel Filing Cabinets
2 Refuse Lorries (Replacements)
Three Refuse Lorries (Replacements) One Refuse Barge
Two Conservancy Junks
One Refuse Barge (Replacement) Two Motor Meat Vans
Five Refuse Lorries
One Safe
Total Special Expenditure
M (1) 14
1938.
1939.
338.08
$
448.00
17,671.56
27,384.04
4,600.00
Total Sanitary Department
Table II.
6,950.00 5,400.00 9,200.00 24,375.00 457.97
"
$
CA
$
22.609.64 $1,050,283.55
$
74,215.01 $1,183,030.29
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
Motor Spirit
Chinese Undertakers
Hawker
Special Food
Forfeitures
Ambulance and Cremation
1,374.30 $
1,350.00
70,872.75
415.50 1,350.00 61,908.50
20,747.71
20,391.75
73.83
39.75
1,917.00
1,834.00
Chinese Cemetery
14,385.50
21,910.50
Official Certificates
4,583.50
2,839.50
Official Signatures
2,235.00
1,710.00
Scavenging
3,684.80
3,648.00
Slaughter House, Kennedy Town
152,182.15
189,669.75
Slaughter House, Ma Tau Kok
67,655.00
83,370.00
Use of Motor Vans
Lands not Leased
Laundries
Markets
33,589.50
42,183.00
220.00
5,040.00
220.00 5,310.00
400,172.82
*
Condemned Stores &c.
Conservancy Contracts
Overpayments in Previous Years
307.35
850.39
$42.02
325.93
370.83
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
3,745.99
2,176.30
Total
$ 785,006.17
$ 440,496.75
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS.
1938.
1939.
Conservancy Contract, Shaukiwan
$
3,300.00 $
Conservancy Contract, Aberdeen, Pokfulam
and Aplichau
333.00
60.00
Conservancy Contract, Stanley and Taitam
Blood and Hair, Kennedy Town
Blood and Hair, Ma Tau Kok
Slaughtering Contract, Sai Wan Ho
Slaughtering Contract, Aberdeen
Purchase of Nightsoil
Total
173.00
60.00
3,660.00
3,636.00
1,980.00
1.740.00
2,580.00
2,904.00
1,140.00
1.224.00
9,898.00
4,140.80
$
23,064.00 $ 13,764.80
* Market Stall Rents amounting to $556,329.85 were collected by the Treasury,
4
+
Table III.
COST OF REFUSE COLLECTION AND REMOVAL.
1938.
1939.
Tons.
Cost.
Cost per ton.
Tons.
Cost.
Cost per ton.
Collection :-Hong Kong.
75,959.5.
169,421.35.
2.23.0.
92,368.5.
186,205.35.
2.01.6.
Kowloon
44,650.0.
92,714.00.
2.07.6.
52,722.5.
100,598.77.
1.90.8.
Total
120,609.5.
262,136.01.
2.17.3.
145,091.0.
286,804.12.
1.97.7.
Removal
Hong Kong
109,682.50.
67,656.28.
0.61.7.
117,568.50.
62,399.90.
0.53.1.
Kowloon
74,754.50.
36,150.54.
0.48.4.
83,733.00.
41,599.93.
0.49.7.
Total
184,437.00.
103,806.82.
0.56.3.
201,301.50.
103,999.83.
0.51.7.
Collection and Removal
184,437.00.
365,942.83.
1.98.4.
201,301.50.
390,803.95.
1.94.1.
M (1) 15
Number of articles disinfected
Number of Public Vehicles disinfected
Table IV.
DISINFECTION AT DISINFECTING STATIONS.
1938
1939
Hong Kong
Kowloon
Disinfecting
Station.
Disinfecting Station.
Hong Kong Disinfecting Station.
Kowloon Disinfecting
Station.
37,305
38,207
30,278
23,539
*486
656
1,330
273
1,439
283
208
274
211
*6
8
Number of days disinfecting apparatus in use
Number of articles washed after disinfecting
*Portable Sack Disinfector.
N.B.-Portable Sack Disinfectors are considered unsuitable by the Health Authorities and were not used during 1939.
Wanchai Cross Lane Bath-house Second Street Bath-house Pound Lane Bath-house Hennessy Road Bath-house Pak Hoi Street Bath-house Boundary Street Bath-house Dyre Avenue Bath-house Sai Kung Road Bath-house
Table V.
ATTENDANCE AT PUBLIC BATH-HOUSES.
M (1) 16
1938
1939
Men
Women
Children
Men
Women
Children
93,180
59,729
45,346
94,130
64,351
51,037
146,280
72,350
63,078
132,081
67,758
65,070
140,244
51,783
39,685
185,484
59,099
34,719
88,004
60,896
36,678
84,463
61,629
34,999
120,776
22,146
58,154
86,009
37,320
65,592
102,762
65,196
61,943
94,831
67,944
63,048
79,923
15,323
47,950
72,927
14,351
43,964
40,536
7.522
10,400
50,184
10,036
14,476
་
1
M (1) 17
Table VI (i).
INTERMENTS.
The following table shows the number of interments at the various cemeteries during the year 1939.
Public
Private
Colonial
Mt. Caroline
Kai Lung Wan East
84 Roman Catholic, Happy Valley
219
1,574 Mohammedan, Happy Valley
92
3,900 Jewish,
>>
>>
Kai Lung Wan, Chiu Chow
134 Parsee,
Chai Wan
671 Hindoo,
5
""
"
Chai Wan, Christian
Chai Wan Extension, Tung
Wah Hospital
2,274
5 Chinese Roman Catholic, Sokonpo 2,965
Tung Wah Hospital, Kai Lung
Wan
10,679
Shum Wan
261 Chinese Permanent
275
New Stanley
Shek O
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 4
(Sai Yu Shek)
Kowloon Cemetery No. 2 (Ho
Man Tin)
Kowloon Cemetery No. 3
(Mohammedan)
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 3
(Cheung Sha Wan)
124 Chinese Protestant, Mt. Davis ...
173
13 New Kowloon Cemetery No. 1
(Kowloon Christian)
174
Eurasian (Ho Tung)
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 2 ...
French Mission
2
22
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 7
(Ngau Chi Wan)
20,754
29,816
CREMATIONS.
14,589
8 bodies were cremated at the Japanese Crematorium, 38 at the Hindoo
Crematorium, and 2 at the Government Crematorium, Kai Lung Wan.
M (1) 18
MORTUARIES.
267 bodies were awaiting removal at the Tung Wah Hospital Mortuary in 1939.
REMOVALS.
74 bodies were removed from the Colony before burial.
Table VI (ii).
EXHUMATION.
Cemeteries.
Government.
Private.
Aberdeen (Shum Wan)
319
46
Chai Wan
148
108
Chai Wan (T. W. H. Extension)
6
Cheung Sha Wan
197
142
Chinese Permanent
10
Eurasian (Ho Tung)
1
Hau Pui Lung
3
Ho Man Tin
15,407
912
Kai Lung Wan East
687
259
Kai Lung Wan, Chiu Chow
38
Kennedy Town Plague
1
Kowloon Tong
1
Mount Caroline
1,074
357
Mt. Caroline (T. W. H. Extension)
Mount Davis
3
4
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 1
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 4 (New Sai Yu
Shek)
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 7 (Ngau Chi Wan).
Roman Catholic, Happy Valley
Chinese Roman Catholic, Sokonpo
Tung Wah Hospital
Tung Wah Hospital, Fukinese
1
155
1
17
259
2,302 adult
264
remains
4,842 child
remains
33
24,976
2.621
·
M (1) 19
Table VII.
NO. OF NUISANCES REPORTED AND ACTION TAKEN, 1939.
Outstanding (1938)
No. of nuisances reported in 1939
Total
Dealt with as follows:-
First letters issued and complied with.. Legal Notices issued and complied with Summonses issued and nuisances abated No further action
Reported Nuisances outstanding
Total
Table VIII.
1,655
56,207
57,862
39,128
15,049
136
302
3,247
57,862
CLASSIFICATION OF NUISANCES REPORTED, 1939.
1. Defective and choked sullage and waste pipes, etc.
9.012
2.
Premises dilapidated or with inadequate light and ventilation
7,994
3.
Defective or missing gratings
5,758
4.
Illegal cubicles
4,702
5.
Verandah obstructions
4,318
6.
Deposit or accumulation of urine, excreta, refuse or stagnant water
3,111
7.
Dirty premises
2,796
8. Obstruction and improper use of open spaces
2,520
9. No dust bins provided
2,145
10. Defective or missing fireplace hoods or flues
2,100
11. Obstructions of windows, ventilating openings, etc.
1,946
12. Rat runs to be filled in
1,697
13.
Defective wall surfaces of kitchens and latrines
1,666
14. Dirty condition of water closets, urinals, drains, side-channels etc.
1,515
15. Illegal and defective dry latrines and urinals
945
16.
Breeding mosquitoes
937
17. Defective water closets and flushed urinals
810
18. Keeping of cattle, swine etc. without licences
677
19. Dirty or impure water in tanks, cisterns, ponds, etc.
619
20. Discharge of sullage and waste water or noxious matters
344
21. Roof obstructions
269
22. Illegal kitchens
114
23.
Use of rooms for sleeping purposes without windows or window openings. 24. Illegal showcases
S3
44
25.
Offensive trade premises without licences
39
27. Overcrowding
29.
30.
Laundries without licences
26. Illegal use of basements
28. Breach of cattle or swine licence conditions
Breach of offensive trade licence conditions
31
15
2
2
1
Total
56,207
M (1) 20
akan, til vilka 1600 Mkali dan adakalALIJA SAA
Health Districts.
Total Number of
houses in
Districts i.e. buildings erected
primarily for
domestic
Table IX.
1939.
RETURN SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF BUILDINGS IN VARIOUS HEALTH DISTRICTS.
Total No. of
Tenement
Type
Houses.
Total No. of
factories,
workshops, godowns, etc. erected specially
for that purpose.
Total No. of
domestic floors including shops used as residence by shopkeepers.
Domestic build- ings & floors newly erected during the year for which occupation certifi- cate has been granted.
Non-domestic
buildings demolished
Domestic build- ings & floors demolished
Non-domestic building erected
during the year.
during the year.
during the year.
year.
Domestic
buildings re-constructed
during the
Non-domestic
buildings re-constructed during the
year.
purposes.
Houses Floors Houses Floors
Houses Floors
Houses Floors
Shaukiwan
1,037
878
34
2.678
24
96
16
11
17
8
1,370
1,257
51
4,032
41
154
1A.
924
911
77
3,524
11
1B.
944
897
51
3,185
4
16
2
747
679
18
2,642
18
76
2A
937
845
8
3,448
36
11221
1
2
39
42
8
3
8
2
6
Peak
285
9
20
718
لت
3
469
343
11
1,959
505
505
66
1,841
11
4Ʌ.
654
537
5
2,411
5
599
532
8
2,001
1120
1 1 1
1
2
24
4.
18
10
10A.
dobroðadoć
5A.
538
417
17
1,835
3
580
580
46
1,907
6A.
451
440
13
1,562
1
631
623
2
2,121
1
590
500
44
2,066
8A.
631
631
7
2,075
6
633
633
17
2,123
646
645
111
2,274
632
632
229
2,274
636
549
34
2,083
Aberdeen
468
332
14
1,076
11
1,200
966
49
4,097
30
1.2
1,023
1,021
12
3,531
8|
13
947
915
31
3,269
14
1,026
960
72
3,326
7
28
15
720
657
13
2,400
11
25
15A.
623
611
52
2,077
15
2
4
14
1
128
10
30
12
2
2
19
1
1
13
41
48
12
2
3
5
4
ET | | | | | | |
|~| MAH~ |0||||
11
3
1
16
728
728
33
2,265
16A..
748
745
6
2,596
S
14
17
368
358
70
1,210
4
9
13
17A
629
324
5
1,806
21
74
1
1
17B.
731
731
19
2,400
1
3
18
540
479
4
1,618
1
3
1
1
19
802
736
34
2,264
8
29
6
6
9
20
816
731
55
2,539
134
439
27
41
TOTAIGNANEZEN!
2
Total
25.808
23,428
1,338
85,233
345
1,218
45
132
164
230
12
17
121
1
27
་
1
M (1) 21
Table X.
HOUSE CLEANSING RETURN, 1939.
FLOORS CLEANSED.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Eastern District (Shaukiwan, 1, la, lb,
2 and 2a.)
46,804
46,255
38,598
Central District (3, 4, 4a, 5, and 5a)
36,122
32,835
31,214
Western Central District (6, 6a, 7 and Sa).
24,211
22,616
25,175
Western District (8, 9, 9a, 10 and 10a)
33,569
29,763
33,073
Aberdeen and Aplichau
1,124
1,583
1,601
Total
141,830
133,052
129,661
Kowloon Districts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
15a, 16, 16a, 17, 17a, 176, 18, 19
and 20)
78,883
70,320
99,721
Shaukiwan, Aberdeen and Aplichau, Nos. 1a, 1b, 2, 2a, 4a, 9a, 11, 12 and 13 were cleansed twice.
Nos. 1, 4, 6, 6a, 8, 8a, 9, 10, 10a, 14, 15, 15a, 16a, 17a, 176 and 18 were
cleansed three times.
Nos. 3, 5, 5a, 7, 16, 17, 19 and 20 were cleansed four times.
Table XI (i).
TABLE SHOWING NUMBER OF CHINESE HOUSES AND FLOORS, VICTORIA, 1939.
M (1) 22
1
2
3
Health Districts
storey
storeys storeys
4
storeys storeys
5 6 7 storeys storeys storeys storeys
8
Houses
Floors Average
Shaukiwan
119
231
548
91
989
2,589
2.62
Aberdeen & Aplichau
66
131
134
1
332
7.34
2.21
1
116
236
439
463
21
1,275
3,862
3.03
1A
2
25
90
795
912
3,502
3.84
1B
18
50
245
552
14
2
4
210
· 455
8
2
NN
2
881
3,143
3.57
679
2,510
3.70
2A
46
238
605
10
10
1
910
3,354
3.69
3
17
80
62
6
165
552
3.35
4
3
238
228
35
505
1,813
3.59
4A
5
W N
32
226
317
68
653
2,400
3.68
90
250
219
54
CO
628
2,154
3.43
5A
1
38
258
211
29
538
1,846
3.43
--
6
36
9
251
259
62
LO
626
2,212
3.53
6A
12
15
178
239
17
464
1,635 3.52
7
28
30
193
334
37
ت
631
2,248
3.56
8
1
34
272
234
49
590
2,066
3.50
8A
80
2
240
291
10
2
CO
631
2,075
3.29
9
14
299
274
46
633
2,251
3.56
9A
35
90
246
302
84
757
2,581
3.41
10
5
20
229
348
30
632
2,274
3.60
10A
У
1.27
157
232
45
570
1,887
3.31
Total
533
1,244
5,021
6,512
625
35
27
4 14,001
47,688
3.41
Outlying villages not included.
A
་
Health Districts
Table XI (ii).
TABLE SHOWING NUMBER OF CHINESE HOUSES AND FLOORS, KOWLOON, 1939.
1
2
3
4
5
6
storey storeys
storeys
storeys
storeys
storeys
7
storeys storeys
8
Houses
Floors Average
11
305
260
4
12
5.
16
520
477
4
1
13
11
28
449
458
14
19
50
491
396
3
15
1
20
348
288
15A
2
72
358
179
16
22
11
559
136
16A
4
388
356
17
4
27
206
101
17A
1
129
194
17B
13
6
473
239
*18
1
22
495
22
19
175
464
98
*20
2
54
611
149
569
1,975 3.47
1,023
3,531
3.45
946
3,246
3.43
959
3,191
3.33
657
2,237 3.40
611
1,936 3.17
728
2,265
3.11
748
2,596 3.47
338
1,080 3.20
324
1,165 3.60
731
2,400
3.28
540
1,618
3.00
737
2,134
2.90
816
2,539
3.11
Total
80
486 5,796
3,353
11
1
9,727
31,913 3.28
8
* Outlying villages not included..
M (1) 23
Table XII.
PREMISES LICENSED OR ADMITTED TO REGISTRATION.
M (1) 24
TOTAL AS ON 31.12.38.
Struck
TOTAL AS ON 31.12.39.
Added.
Remarks.
Hong Kong. Kowloon.
Total.
off.
Hong Kong. Kowloon.
Total.
Aerated Water Licences
3
2
5
3
Bakehouse Licences
63
Cattle Licences
Dairy Licences
17
3885
41
104
54
10
24
36
29
82
54
1
29
30
47
18
2
30
1
Dangerous and Offensive Trade Licences:-
Battery making
3
26
29
3
23
Bone boiling and/or storing
16
Bone boiling, bone storing and tallow melting
1
Cleansing and/or storing of sharks' fins
26
Chromium plating
4
Fat boiling
14
Fat boiling and gut scraping
Feather drying, cleansing, sorting, packing and storing
7
121
726
17
16
3
1
NI ONON
2
5
90
83
48
26
17
3
27
26
26
5
4
21
15
2
13
Feather and bone storing
1
1
6
1
2627
6
21
2
15
Glue making and tannery
1
1
2
Gut scraping
1 191
9
13
1
Hair drying, cleaning, sorting, packing and storing
2
Lard manufacture
Manganese ore crushing
1
1
12
10 6 10
187
Manufacture of manganese and graphite powders
1
Oil boiling and resin melting
1
1
1
Packing of goat skins, doe skins and cow hides
Pig roasting
10
~O
1
13
23
Rag sorting, storing and packing
10
89985
10
11
21
10
9
9
Resin boiling
Soap boiling
13
13
1
1
1
1
17
12
18
Tannery
Food Factory Licences
Food Preserving Licences
Food Shop Licences
Goat Licences
Laundry Licences
5
5
4
4
93
84
177
131
130
261
250
98
348
222
29
18
103
85
188
21
27
128
127
255
32
42
237
101
338
3
13
16
64
40
104
9
Milk Shop Licences
65
40
105
24
77
1
3
13
16
64
42
106
73
49
122
Swine Licences
478
952
1,430
46
240
488
748
1,236
Eating House Licences
293
257
5501
65
50
289
276
565*
Restaurant Licences
119
52
171
48
8
140
71
211*
+Total as on 1st July, 1938.
*Total as on 1st July, 1939.
Table XIII.
ACCIDENTS IN FACTORIES-1939.
Accidents due to
M (1) 25
Industries
Machinery
Falls
Falling
bodies
Burns &
Miscellaneous
Total No.
of
Accidents
Fatalities
scalds
Bakeries
Cement Works
1
1
1 (1)
I
1
Face Powder Mill
Food Factories
Enamel Wares
Engineering and Metal Wares
Gas Respirator Factories
Grass Rope Factories
1
1
10
2
2
2
16
1 (1)
1
1
1
1
2
5 (1)
1
6
--
1
1
1
Knitting and Weaving Factories
1
1
2
Leather Goods
Mines
Oil Installations
1
1
co |
1
ယ
1
3
3
2
1
1
7
Organic Fertilizer
Printing Factories
三
1
1
1
9
1
Printing Ink Factories
1
1
Rope Works
1
1
Rubber Shoe Factories
1
Shipyards
11
39 (6)
23
4
13
90
6
Sugar Refineries
1
1
5
7
Tobacco Factories
1
1
Utility Companies
4 (1)
1
| -
6
1
Wooden Box and Camphor Wood Trunk Makers
1
1 (1)
1
3
1
46 (3)
48 (8)
32 (3)
9 (1)
25
160
15
The Figures in parenthesis denote Fatalities and are included in the total.
PANASONICONS PLANSZZARO DA UN'ENGUANZIA EN VIG MORAMODERN LUONIC METART ARRANGERSDOKNJU VANG DARIEN SKORZE
Table XIV.
SLAUGHTER-HOUSES.
CATTLE, SWINE, SHEEP AND GOATS ADMITTED TO THE ANIMAL DEPOTS DURING 1938 AND 1939.
· Kennedy Town
SUNG SUGA
M (1) 26
Ma Tau Kok
Total
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
Cattle
Swine
60,576
90,014
17,701
24,520
78,277
114,534 †
365,886
433,521
144,411
174,334
510,297
607,855 *
Sheep and Goats
15,657
21,129
15,657
21,129
Total
442,119
544,664
162,112
198,854
604,231
743,518
ANIMALS SLAUGHTERED DURING 1938 AND 1939.
Kennedy Town
Ma Tau Kok
Sai Wan Ho & Aberdeen
Total
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
1938
1939
Cattle
48,368
69,684
17,657
24,502
66,025
94,186
Swine
295,459
346,755
144,182
174,517
17,671
19,186
457,312
540,458
Sheep and Goats
9,922
15,297
9,922
15,297
Total
558,749
431,736
161,839
199,019
17,671
19,186
533,259
649,941
Including 18,016 re-admitted to Ma Tau Kok on transfer from Kennedy Town.
Including 72,619 re-admitted to Ma Tau Kok and 11,144 to Sai Wan Ho and Aberdeen on transfer from Kennedy Town.
X.
مر
Appendix N.
REPORT OF THE BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY
DEPARTMENT FOR THE YEAR 1939.
INTRODUCTION.
1. The Botanical and Forestry Department was originally constituted in 1872 as the Government Gardens and Tree Planting Department. It had undergone two changes of title before assuming the present one in 1905. The results of its afforestation work are to be seen in the well covered hills of Hong Kong Island which originally were more or less bare, and on the mainland where, in addition to its own particular plantations, it has encouraged afforestation by the country people and assisted in the general effort to suppress the denudation of unprotected arcas. Afforestation on Hong Kong Island has made steady progress since its inception in 1880. From this it will be gathered that the oldest plantations are little more than sixty years of age. On the mainland, the first afforestation operations undertaken were in the Kowloon reservoir area in 1902. Exploitation of the forest areas thus produced is not contemplated, as their function is concerned rather with water conservation and erosion problems. Production of timber for revenue purposes is likely to remain subsidiary to these aims, save in so far as forestry practices require the removal of a certain amount of timber for forest sanitation purposes, thinnings, etc. The area under forests is being extended each year with a corresponding increase in departmental responsibilities. Of recent years, development has been extended to other aspects of forestry work and the department is now concerned with problems such as the creation of forest reserves, experimental work, the utilisation of leased lots to better advantage, etc.
2. Activities in the other sections of the department have increased considerably in the past few years and this report will give some idea of the ground covered. The department plays an important part in local affairs and expansion in its activities has resulted in changes in organisation and increases in expenditure which were essential if it was to function efficiently. In the future it is likely to play a larger part in local forestry and agricultural affairs than has been the case in the past.
GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR.
3. The year was characterised by considerable activity particularly in the realms of forestry and agriculture. The former is a natural development of established activities but the latter is of very recent origin and will be found to figure far more largely in this annual report than is usually the case. The main features of the year's progress together with associated matters are mentioned below.
4. Forestry On the forestry side the relation of firewood prices to the forest areas presented a problem of some magnitude necessitating a large increase in the protection staff. The fact that the staff employed on this work outnumbered the staff employed on normal routine and field work throughout the year is a striking commentary on the abnormal conditions prevailing. The Sino-Japanese hostilities, in particular the South China part of it, seriously affected firewood supplies with a resultant increase in prices but this state of affairs was offset to some extent by increased imports from Borneo and Singapore. The outbreak of the European war aggravated the matter still further resulting in the curtailment of the overseas supplies for shipping reasons. This produced a sudden rise in prices from September onwards. Split pine, which at that time was $1.66 per picul, by the end of the year had risen to $2.94 per picul. When compared with the normal price i.e. 50 cents per picul, it will be realised that local forest areas were in
D
N 2
jeopardy as they presented an easy means of livelihood to unemployed and/or indigent persons. The immediate effect was a large increase in forestry offences. Additional labour was employed for protection purposes and at the same time, recommendations were forwarded to Government advising action along certain lines. By the end of the year the situation showed little improvement and still continued to make large demands upon the protection staff. It should be recorded that many of the officers concerned with this matter have worked day and night to maintain control of the situation.)
5. The "forest lot" system of the New Territories received considerable investigation as a potential source of firewood supplies for the local market. These investigations revealed that with the cooperation of the villagers much leeway could be made up in this direction. Progress of this nature is largely dependent upon the institution of a more ambitious scheme, based on proper forestry practices, together with an extension of this department's activities in order to maintain better supervision and control of the areas involved. Recommendations to this effect were forwarded to Government in February of the current year.
6. The question of the creation of more forest reserves did not receive so much attention as it was hoped but some progress was made. It is increasingly evident, particularly on Hong Kong Island and in the areas adjacent to Kowloon that action of this nature must be taken. The forest areas generally are becoming more vulnerable as a result of progress in defence works and land development etc. and the necessity for excising areas as forest reserves is very necessary. Progress in this matter is likely to be slow on account of the surveys, etc. involved but early action is desirable.
7. As a preliminary to the afforestation of the Shing Mun Jubilee Reservoir area an experimental plantation of 18 acres, chiefly of local species, was planted up. The area was surveyed and a tentative planting programme drawn up. Estimates covering planting and upkeep are in course of preparation and when these have been approved the planting programme will be put into action.
8. Agriculture-Considerable investigations were carried out in respect to the possibilities of agricultural development in the New Territories. Development of the rice producing areas for vegetable production during the winter season is considered possible provided sufficient manurial supplies can be made available. In addition, the utilisation of some portion of the 300 square miles of hill slopes which go to make up the Colony's total area of 390 square miles was considered a practical proposition but, with the proviso, that the possibilities of the slopes for agricultural purposes must first be demonstrated to the local inhabitants. Investigation from economic and social view points was made also, an adminis- trative officer being detailed for this purpose.
9. The limitation imposed upon the department in its agricultural activities has been referred to elsewhere (p. 9). Enquiries concerning local agricultural matters are constantly being received and these emphasise very clearly the need for a properly constituted agricultural section, able to proffer aid and advice backed up by practical experience and demonstrations in the field. The results of the general investigations mentioned above together with increased local interest in agricultural matters, nutrition problems, etc., would seem to provide a sufficiently strong case for the establishment of a section of this nature. Economic require- ments, interrelation of interests, size of Colony, etc. indicate that any such establishment should be a section of this department. A certain amount of work is being carried on by private organisations e.g. the New Territories Agricultural Association, but it is evident that efforts such as these should be coordinated and be drawn into a general scheme for agriculture if the best value is to be obtained. from them and the Colony is to benefit as a whole.
10. Horticulture-Progress in horticultural matters proceeded on general lines and considerable planting was carried out in some of the garden, areas. The ban on the use of animal manure (for health reasons) in the urban district resulted in
་
•
N 3
the cessation of the supplies of this type of manure normally obtained from the abattoirs. It became necessary therefore, to substitute other types for the purpose. The ban affected all local horticultural activities and resulted in many requests for advice and assistance. Investigations were proceeding at the end of the year into measures for the treatment of the manure, whereby it would no longer be a menace in respect to fly borne diseases though still retaining its value for cultiva- tion purposes.
It is expected that the distribution of animal manures will be resumed in due course.
11. Weather In regard to weather the rainfall was slightly above normal. At the Botanic Gardens 86.48 inches were recorded in 120 days as against 57.48 inches in 116 days for the previous year. Distribution was as follows:-January to March 4.55 inches; April to June 48.46 inches; July to September 26.98 inches; October to December 6.49 inches. The dry periods during the first and last quarters respectively, necessitated a good deal of watering of shrubs, etc. Typhoon signals were hoisted on five occasions but fortunately, gales of only moderate intensity were experienced and little damage was done. The typhoon of November 23rd was unusually late and was notable also, for the fact that the centre of the disturbance passed over the Colony, an occurrence which the Royal Observatory reported as being very unusual.
FORESTRY.
12. The arrangement of this section of the report follows the lines adopted in the report for the previous year i.e. in the first instance the text gives information following the sequence of such of the standard forms compiled by the Imperial Forestry Institute as are applicable locally and the subsequent information consists of forestry notes of general local interest.
13. Area of Forest Land (Standard Form I). It is estimated that the total afforested area is approximately 22 square miles. Of this 18 square miles is situated on Hong Kong Island and the remainder on the mainland. The Hong Kong areas are continuous, apart from the town area, and provide the island with a forest covering from sea level up to about 800 feet. The areas on the mainland are concentrated in four localities. The yearly planting programme adds to the total of this land but until the forest areas have been surveyed it is not possible to give accurate figures. It is hoped that during the next few years such figures will become available as a result of surveys for forest reserve purposes.
14. Considerable investigations were made into the "forest lot" system of the New Territories. This is a system instituted by Government in 1906 (i.e. 8 years after the New Territories were taken over) whereby areas of hillside are licensed to villages and individuals on annual permit, at a nominal rental of 20 cents per acre per annum, afforestation purposes. The total area so leased to date is approximately 81 square miles and during 1939 this produced $9,443.13 in fees. Administration and collection of fees is dealt with by the District Officers while technical advice and assistance is given by this department. Investigation showed that only about three quarters of this area has received attention of a planting nature while the remainder is held for grazing and/or grass cutting purposes. The area used for forestry purposes is allowed to produce only a sparse covering of pine trees, generally of a stunted type owing to the local custom of removing side branches (brushwood), in order that grass, etc. may be obtained also. The system, though unsatisfactory from a forestry point of view, has helped to produce and maintain some sort of cover on the hills and therefore, has served a useful purpose. However, the contrast between the timber produced in Government plantations and that from leased lots is so marked that in the interests of the Colony and its firewood supplies, it is time the scheme was replaced by something of a more satisfactory nature with a view to utilising this large area to better advantage. Recently a report embodying specific recommendations to this effect was forwarded to Government.
- N 4
15. Progress in Forest Reservation (Standard Form II.)-This is a very important matter which, so far, has received little attention in this Colony. It was not possible to devote much time to it during the year owing to the claims of other matters. The survey of the reserve at Taipo Kau was completed and the possibility of instituting one large reserve on the Kowloon hills, to include all present forest areas in that district and to provide a tree covering for the whole range from Kowloon Reservoir to Customs Pass was investigated. The latter has a direct
bearing on a survey mentioned under Agriculture.
16. Forest Communications-So far as the forest areas are concerned they consist entirely of forestry paths. The total length of these is 54 miles and they are cleared and repaired annually in conjunction with the fire barriers.
17. Summary of Forest Offences (Standard Form V.)-As before, departmental Table I is retained for record purposes and the standard form is modified to meet local requirements. An analysis of Table I indicates that as usual, the greatest trouble was in the sections adjacent to the thickly populated areas namely, Shau- kiwan, Victoria, Wongneichong and Harbour Belt (Kowloon). Reference has been made elsewhere (page 1) to the cost of firewood and other contributing factors and the increase in forestry offences is directly attributable to the continuance of this abnormal state of affairs.
18. The usual seasonal influence was again noticeable, the warmer months (May to September inclusive) producing fewer cases. The outbreak of the European war soon produced an effect, departmental arrests jumping from 84 in September to 211 in October. This was due largely to an abnormal rise in firewood prices brought about by a rumoured shortage of market supplies. Such manoeuvres resulted in increased activity on the part of illicit tree cutters. To meet the trouble additional men had to be employed for protection purposes. Cases for the year were departmental 1,370, police 1,330-Total 2,700. These figures give some idea of the difficulty of the task when it is remembered that only some 22 square miles of forest is involved.
19. Progress in Afforestation (Standard Form VI.)-Additional afforestation to the extent of 1332 acres was carried out during the year. The opportunity was taken to obtain data in respect to afforestation methods (i.e. in situ sowing and broadcasting on different types of area) on a larger scale than is afforded by the acre experimental plots in the Taipo Kau forest reserve. For this purpose an area of 89 acres in Plantation 3C was dealt with. This area has been badly denuded in recent years and in view of the fact that it is the catchment area for the Taikoo reservoirs, a special effort was made to re-afforest some of the upper parts of the section. Áreas totalling 65 acres received in situ sowing for which 79,345 pits were dug. 234 acres received broadcasting only and acre was planted up with 1 year old seedlings. Interesting results were obtained and the experiments are being watched very carefully. It is hoped to obtain data which may be of value in the general afforestation operations of the department. balance of the afforested areas (441 acres) was dealt with by broadcasting. The total amount of seed (Pinus Massoniana Lamb.) used in all operations was appro- ximately 3,000 lbs.
The
20. Areas dealt with were-Hong Kong-Plantation 3C (Quarry Bay) 891 acres; Deepwater Bay (bare hill top) 10 acres. Mainland Shing Mun Reservoir experimental area 15 acres; Shing Mun Catchwater slopes 10 acres; Mt. Temple Military Road slopes 94 acres. Total 1334 acres. In addition to these, unmeasured areas were broadcast at the following places-Hong Kong-Lyemun Barracks 100 lbs. seed; Peak Road Storage Reservoir 100 lbs. seed; Country Club, Fanling 20 lbs. seed. Various other small areas were dealt with involving the use of about 100 lbs. seed. In addition to the above, tree planting for afforestation purposes was carried out at the Country Club, Fanling, 600 trees (Acacia, Casuarina, Tristania, Bauhinia) being planted. Also, planting for military purposes (chiefly screening) was carried out in various areas.
"
T
N 5
21. The above operations were generally satisfactory. As in the previous year, better results were obtained from broadcastings than from pit sowings. On the whole, germination was very good and results in this direction were very satisfactory.
22. Outturn of Timber-The outturn of timber from the forest areas was in conformity with the arrangements made for passing extracted timber to the Stores Department for issue to government departments in the form of firewood. The estimated amount required for this purpose is 900 tons (avoirdupois) per annum. These extractions consist chiefly, of dead and damaged timber from the forest areas and of small quantities removed from building sites, etc. The actual amount of timber of this nature passed to the Stores Department totalled 912 tons (avoirdupois) and its estimated value for firewood purposes at wholesale prices (after allowing for transport and conversion costs) was $21,764. Costs of felling and extraction to the nearest point on the main roads was $2,400 i.e. $2.63 per ton or about 15 cents per picul (H.K. $1/-=1s. 3d; 1 picul 133 lbs.)
=
23. Imports and Exports of Timber etc. (Standard Form X.)-Reference to this form shows that imports are large and timber for all purposes is derived entirely from other countries. Charcoal has been included on this occasion as it is an item of considerable importance. The chief countries of origin in order of importance are British North Borneo, Thailand, U.S.A., Malaya, Canada. Comparison with figures for the previous year show that the chief increases are from British North Borneo and Malaya. In addition to increases in other items these two colonies supplied 67.5% of the total firewood imports as against 21.6% for the previous year. Co-incident with this, imports from South China dropped from 52% to 2.9%. With regard to Charcoal, the chief sources in order of importance were French Indo-China, Malaya and British North Borneo. Exports of timber (re-exports) were considerably reduced, being a little more than a third by value of those for the previous year, which gives some indication of the state of the South China market under present conditions. Total imports showed little variation in value, for the reduction in imports of China Fir and Softwood
Softwood n.o.e. was offset by corresponding increases in American Pine. The fact that the Colony absorbed timber to the value of a little over one million dollars more than in the previous year is interesting. The thanks of the department are due to the Imports and Exports Department for kindly supplying the statistical data for this form.
24. Revenue and Expenditure-In view of the composite nature of the department and the fact that some votes serve all sides of the work, it is not possible to give absolutely accurate figures for expenditure on forestry such as are required for standard forms, but those supplied in departmental Tables II, III and IV are considered to be a fair statement of forestry revenue and expenditure and may be taken as substantially correct. As in the previous year, the value of the timber extracted and passed to the Stores Department is estimated and put to the credit side. The high figure thus obtained is due to the artificial prices ruling for firewood which is a result of the abnormal conditions prevailing.
25. Strength of Staff-The permanent staff of the forestry section is as follows-senior officers 2 (1 part time) intermediate officers 3, foresters 3, forest guards 13 others 35. This staff is augmented by temporary labour as required and the average daily number of employees of this nature during the year was 116. The staff was employed as follows:-administration and supervision 5, routine work 75, protection 92. The necessity for employing a larger number of men for protection work than was employed for normal forestry operations is worthy of
note.
26. Taipo Kau Forest Reserve-This reserve is now the forest experimental station but before it can properly function as such a good deal of preliminary work is needed. Part of this was dealt with, the chief items being (i) survey and plan of the area this was kindly dealt with by the P.W.D. (ii) resumption of some small padi areas (1.3 acres in all) and preparation of the site for nursery purposes. (It
N 6
is hoped that a plant house will be erected during the current year) and (iii) clearing and drainage of valley areas. As a result of (i) the area was found to be 337 acres instead of 577 as stated when it was taken over. This has delayed its legal constitution as a forest reserve as it is intended that adjacent land shall be included to bring the area to a total of approximately one square mile.
27. Experiments with the local pine (Pinus Massoniana Lamb.) were continued. These cover various methods of planting to obtain firstly, comparative data regarding in situ pit sowing and broadcasting and secondly, data regarding outturn in relation to the local "forest lot" system. Useful information was obtained and the experiments should provide data from which definite conclusions can be drawn. In view of the effect which the large "leased lot" area could have on firewood supplies for the local market and consequently on the economic- life of the villages, the results of these experiments ought to be valuable at a later stage.
28. Not a great deal of planting was done during the year, the staff being kept busy in other directions. The following are the chief items of this nature:- Tung Oil (Aleurites montana Wils.)-458 plants added to the plantation. Bambusa spp.-Bambusa dolichomerithalla Hayata 480; Bambusa tuldoides var. racemosissima -100; Bambusa pallida Munro-20. Further details regarding these are given below. Fruit Trees a consignment of fruit trees from California presented by Professor Groff of Lingnam University, was planted out near the quarters, they consisted of Citrus and stone fruits. Also, 6 plants of the Pecan (Carya Pecan Engl. & Graebn.) were received. There were some failures but it is hoped later on to obtain material from the remainder for grafting on to local stocks. The decision to utilise a small part of this reserve for experiments with fruits has been mentioned under Agriculture.
29. The available information concerning the small Tung Oil (Aleurites montana Wils.) plantation planted up in 1926 has been collected together with a view to getting as complete data as possible. The area of the plot is roughly 21 acres and it carries 1216 trees. There was a fair crop of nuts and, along with samples from other areas in the New Territories, a consignment was forwarded to the Imperial Institute for analysis purposes. These plants are being treated as forest trees as distinct from those at the Sheung Shui experimental garden, which are being treated as an agricultural crop.
30. Protection of Plantations-The clearing of fire barriers and forestry paths was carried out before the commencement of the dry season. The total length of old fire barriers dealt with was 54 miles and that of forestry paths 54 miles. New fire barriers were made totalling 1452 yards. These were made at Mt. Cameron and Fanling reserve respectively.
31. Forest and Hill Fires-The number of fires dealt with during the year was 17. There were 8 on Hong Kong Island and 9 on the mainland. In order to obtain better control of fires which occur on Mt. Cameron new fire barriers have been cut. The usual distribution of handbills and posting of warning notices prior to the Ching Ming and Chung Yeung festivals was carried out. The vernacular press kindly gave prominence to notices requesting all
all visitors to cemeteries to take precautions against damage by fire.
graves and
32. Entomological Notes-Subsequent to the measures taken to deal with the severe attack of Ips sp. (Bark borer) no further attack of this pest has been recorded. This supports the opinion previously expressed that the attack
attack was probably connected with a weakening of the trees by the severe typhoons of 1936 and 1937. Attacks by the Pine Caterpillar (Dendrolimus punctatus) were confined to small areas and were dealt with by hand picking.
+
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33. Shing Mun Area-During the next few years the slopes around Jubilee reservoir will be afforested. As a preliminary measure an experimental plantation of 18 acres was planted up with the following species:-Acacia confusa Merr. 2,000; Casuarina equisetifolia L. 1,000; Liquidambar formosana Hance 1,000; Sapium discolor Muell-Arg. 600; Tristania conferta R. Br. 400-Total 5,000 plants. A preliminary survey of the area has been made and a tentative planting programme drawn up. It is proposed to use the local pine (Pinus Massoniana Lamb.) for general purposes and to utilise local and exotic species in the general scheme so far as is practicable. The afforestation of this area (some 874 acres) is a job of fairly large proportions and is estimated to require at least five years to complete, probably more. Cost of the work involved will be borne from loan funds.
34. Other Activities-The following matters are subsidiary to the forestry work of the department, but are carried out by the forestry staff.
35. Miscellaneous Tree Planting-This concerns planting in connection with roadsides, public playgrounds, Government buildings, etc. Plantings of this nature were as follows:-Hong Kong Island 2,705, Mainland 5,482, Cheung Chau Island 3,007. These plants were practically all flowering trees and shrubs of an ornamental type. Of these it is worthy of record that 3,802 were Bauhinia spp. chiefly Bauhinia variegata L. There is not much scope now for straightforward roadside planting on Hong Kong Island and the majority of the planting carried out during the past two years has been rather with the idea of introducing as much colour as possible with the aid of massed effects. On the mainland the position is different and the planting mentioned above was for the greater part typical roadside planting. The planting on Cheung Chau Island is of both affores- tation and colour types.
A
36. Scenic Development-The small vote provided for this purpose was used to good effect. Its original purpose was to provide colour along tourist routes. With this aim in view specific attention was given during the year to the road route from the town to the Peak. Considerable planting etc. was carried out both at the town end (Garden Road, etc.) and at the Peak end of this route. special report concerning the Peak area was submitted to Government which provided both for planting, turfing, etc. and work of a construction nature to be carried out by the Public Works Department. With the exception of turfing and planting at the "Eyrie" site practically all the work in this area was completed. Considerable planting of the massed type was done between these points i.e. in Magazine Gap Road and Stubbs Road. In addition to the tree planting mentioned in the previous paragraph the following flowering shrubs were planted out- Hibiscus spp. 816, Ixora chinensis Lam. 40, Azalea spp. 758, Hydrangea hortensia Sieb. 470, Allamanda spp. 100, Camellia japonica L. 60, Hypericum chinense L. 56, Lagerstroemia indica L. 56, Tecoma stans Juss. 15. Total-2,371. All areas previously planted up under this scheme were regularly cleaned.
37. Brushwood Clearing-In Hong Kong, Kowloon and the New Territories areas cleared of brushwood and undergrowth generally, for all purposes, totalled 6,383,019 square feet or about 146 acres. Permission was obtained to deal with this work by contract thus releasing staff normally employed in supervising the work. The results have justified the change.
38. Bamboo Scheme-As mentioned above (page 6) another attempt has been made to lay the foundations of an economic bamboo plantation. Sites were selected in the Taipo Kau forest reserve and altogether some 600 culms were planted. These culms were obtained locally and planted out without delay. So far results have been encouraging and, provided sufficient planting material is forthcoming, it should be possible to build up useful plantations during the next few years.
39. Pine Cone Collection-219 lbs. of pine seed was collected towards the end of the year. Cost of collection was 61 cents per lb, which is rather higher than the contract price for pine seed.
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HERBARIUM AND LIBRARY.
40. Work in the herbarium consisted for the greater part of re-numbering and listing the specimens for records purposes. This work allows also for an overhaul of the specimens from a maintenance point of view. Identifications of local species were made for various people. 42 specimens of Cyperaceae (chiefly Carex) were forwarded on loan to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 40 timber samples were received in exchange from the Bureau of Forestry, Philippine Islands. There were 16 visitors during the year. Increased use of the facilities provided is indicated by the fact that visits were recorded on 136 days. Progress was made with the alterations necessary to provide for the housing of the library in a separate room but these were not quite complete by the end of the year.
41. The following were added to the library during the year :-9 books, 554 periodicals, 76 annual reports and 388 leaflets. Ten volumes were bound by the Prisons Department.
GARDENS, PARKS AND GROUNDS.
42. Botanic Gardens-The gardens were kept in good condition throughout the year.
Additional planting was carried out in the following places-Old Garden (a) Bank below Reservoir (186 flowering shrubs) (b) Garden Road-the slope at the top end of this road (459 flowering shrubs). These items fit into the general scheme
scheme for scenic development. New Garden (a) Sectioning-a beginning was made with a scheme for concentrating some of the more showy genera in their own sections, Camellia, Azalea, Cassia and Bauhinia were dealt with in this way. Each section will receive additions as new species become available. This will facilitate botanical study and at the same time provide colourful groups for general effect. (b) Shrub border-along Albany Road-several exotic shrub species new to the Colony were added to this border and a hedge of Randia dumetorum Lam. (a thorny species), planted to prevent the use of this low wall as a means of access to the gardens, particularly during the night.
43.
Government House-The grounds were kept in good condition throughout the year and bright displays were afforded both by the pot plants and the flower beds. His Excellency the Governor very kindly threw open the garden to visitors on the occasion of the Hong Kong Horticultural Society's flower show and a large number of people availed themselves of this opportunity to visit the grounds. The alterations and improvements to this garden, begun during the previous year by His Excellency the Governor and Lady Northcote, were continued.
44. Queen Mary Hospital-Planting in accordance with the scheme for layout drawn up the previous year was completed. The grass areas, tennis courts, slopes, etc. were kept in good condition and the new flower beds, etc. provided bright displays throughout the year.
45. Central British School.-Considerable planting of trees and shrubs was carried out in these grounds. This planting was especially devised to afford practical assistance in nature study and botanically, it covers as many families as possible of those generally selected for botany examinations. The grass areas received routine attention, re-turfing being carried out where necessary.
46. The following gardens, parks, etc. were maintained in good order throughout the year :-Mountain Lodge; Fan Ling Bungalow; Colonial Secretary's Residence; Homestead Quarters; Government Pavilions and Villas; Victoria Hospital; Cenotaph Plots; Statue Square Plots; Government Offices; Defence Corps Head- quarters; Civil Hospital; Mental Hospital; Leighton Hill Quarters; Colonial Cemetery; Indian School; Royal Observatory; Kowloon Hospital; Kowloon Magistracy; King's Park and Chatham Road.
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47. The total number of trees, shrubs and pot plants sold during the year was 1424 as against 1,123 for 1938.
48. Living Collection of Bamboos-The site at Little Hong Kong prepared for this collection was not utilised on account of various developments in that area.
As a consequence the collection is still in large pots. It seemed unwise to consider further the establishment of this collection on Hong Kong Island as suitable sites are few and these are liable to be developed for other purposes. In the circumstances, it has been decided to establish it in the Taipo Kau forest reserve and steps are being taken to set aside an area for the purpose.
AGRICULTURE.
49. Under existing arrangements this side of the work of the department is necessarily of a restricted nature so far as the practical side is concerned and the cost of such work as the department is able to carry out is borne by the Forestry vote. It is hoped that the investigations enumerated below, the increase in general agricultural activities and the local need for facilities of an agricultural nature, will result in the provision of an agricultural section complete with experimental station at some not distant date. Until such provision is made little real progress in agricultural matters is likely to take place, despite the endeavours of this department and of other interested bodies.
50. Such work as the department is able to do is carried out at the Sheung Shui experimental garden which is situated in the northern part of the New Terri- tories. This garden is approximately 3 acres in extent and consists of old padi land. It is satisfactory for experiments with crops which can be grown on such soils, but is unsuitable for general experimental purposes. There is need for an area of better type land including hillsides. For the present, it is proposed to utilise part of the Taipo Kau forest reserve for tree crops, such as fruit, and a beginning has been made with the planting of a set of Californian fruit trees.
51. Investigations The Superintendent completed his agricultural reconnais- sance of the New Territories and submitted a complete report in February. This report was carefully considered by Government and towards the end of the year an administrative officer (Mr. G. S. Kennedy-Skipton) was allotted the task of investigating the possibilities of agricultural development from the economic and social points of view.
As
52. In addition to the general survey, some areas received more thorough investigations. These were as follows:-(a) New Kowloon-(i) Diamond Hill area
a general investigation of the area, in particular of the dairy farm section. a result of the report on this area the question of erosion, in relation to clearing for and subsequent planting of fodder crops, received specific attention. A scheme for development of the area was drawn up which later, received the approval of Government. This covers re-afforestation above the 500 feet contour and the incorporation of anti-erosion measures in the agricultural activities carried on below this elevation. (ii) Po Kong area-this large market garden area received special investigation in respect to "wet" cultivation. The opportunity was taken to report also on the general position of the area in relation to local vegetable production. (b) Southern District-(i) a large area on the mainland was investigated in connection with agricultural proposals of a dairy farm nature. (ii) Lamma Island-the northern section of this island was further investigated and a report submitted on its agricultural possibilities (i) Mah Wan Island this small island was surveyed and a report submitted.
53. Sheung Shui Experimental Garden-General notes for the year are as follows:-The oranges (Swatow) failed to flower this year hence no fruits were produced. This may be due to the heavy fruiting of the previous year if so, some thinning of the crop appears to be necessary in order to obtain more. consistent results. This is a matter for further investigation. Good crops of figs
N 10
and peaches were again produced and there seems
produced and there seems to be little difficulty in respect to these crops. The line for development with the stone fruits and citrus seems to be the grafting of improved varieties on the local stocks and it is hoped to work along these lines in due course. Bananas continued to produce good bunches and in view of its easy cultivation and nutritional value this plant should be grown more extensively in the Colony.
54. Experimental Notes-Tung Oil (Aleurites montana)-The two blocks planted out at Sheung Shui made good growth and several of the trees flowered during the year. Two trees even produced a few fruits but this is abnormal for trees of less than three years of age. Rice-The six varieties of rice obtained from Sydney the previous year were again planted and a stock of seed is being built up gradually. It is hoped at a later stage to try them out against the local varieties on a scale large enough to provide data for comparison purposes. Sweet Potatoes-The six varieties obtained from the Malayan Agricultural Depart- ment the previous year, are still under trial but no conclusions can be drawn yet as to their value in comparison with local varieties.
55. Potatoes-During the past few years it has been the practice to obtain certified seed potatoes from Canada through the local Canadian Trade Commissioner. In order to obtain complete data concerning the crops produced the consignment was, on this occasion, allowed to come to maturity before being harvested. Varieties used were Green Mountain, Early Epicure and Irish Cobbler in 100 lb. lots. Returns were 236 lbs. 310 lbs. and 326 lbs. respectively or an average return of 2.9% on the whole consignment. Figures will be kept for the next two years by which time it should be possible to state definitely the percentage returns likely to be obtained in this Colony under normal cultivation i.e. such as is within the scope of the ordinary peasant farmer. The cost of certified "seed" potatoes is likely to be a limiting factor in respect to local activity with this crop but this side of the matter is a subject for further investigation.
56. Vegetable Production Scheme-In view of general conditions and to try and increase the production of local vegetables (Chinese and foreign) by the peasant farmer in the New Territories, a scheme was prepared involving free supply of manure from the slaughterhouses, delivered at suitable centres, and seeds for planting purposes.
Under this arrangement, Government to provide the neces- sary funds for the supplies of manure and seeds and the farmer to provide the land, labour and transport to market of any produce obtained. The scheme was approved by Government and was in action at the end of the year. In order to make direct contact with elders and to avoid giving additional work to depart- ments involved, implementation of the scheme was entrusted to the administrative officer detailed for general investigation. The response appears to have been satisfactory and it is hoped that from this small beginning a regular increase in vegetable production will result particularly during the winter season when most of the land is allowed to lie fallow. Extension of cultivation of this nature is chiefly dependent on manure supplies. This subject has been very thoroughly explored by the officer in charge of the experiment and indications point to the likelihood of the provision of these supplies at an economic figure. The immediate results of this experiment are awaited with interest.
57. Inspection of Plants and Plant Products for Export-There was a notice- able increase in export of Vegetables (fresh and dry), Sugar Cane and Cassia bark and certificates of inspections were issued during the year for the following:- Vegetables (fresh or dry) to Philippine Islands (66 consignments), to Fiji (21 consignments), to Peru (3 consignments). Sugar Cane-to Singapore (67 consign- ments, 521,700 canes). Narcissus Tazetta L.-to Canada (1 consignment, 4,500 bulbs), to India (2 consignments, 4,500 bulbs), to Burma (1 consignment, 200 bulbs), to Honolulu (11 consignments, 16,060 bulbs). Cassia Bark-to Hamburg (1 consignment, 100 bales), to Bahia (1 consignment, 200 bales), to Alexandria (7 consignments, 1,620 bales). Gladiolus-to Britain (1 consignment, 300 corms).
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58. Goats-In order to maintain control in the matter of goat-keeping in relation to agriculture and afforestation generally, regulations under the Forestry Ordinance (Ordinance No. 11 of 1937) provide that no goats may be kept without the written consent of the Superintendent, Botanical and Forestry Department. The number of goats kept under permit during the year were as follows:-Hong Kong 58, Kowloon 88, New Territories 277. Total-423. In addition a stock of 500 goats was maintained on Lamma Island for supply of fresh meat to the market.
SEED COLLECTION AND EXCHANGE.
59. In connection with departmental requirements and requests for seeds, collections were made of 43 species of local trees and shrubs. Exchange of
seeds with various countries was effected as usual.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
60. Statements of revenue and expenditure of the department are given in Tables II, III & IV. The increase in timber sales is chiefly due to completion of a contract for supply of timber entered into the previous year but held up by order of Government. As the timber is now handed to the Stores Department, revenue from this source in future is likely to be small. Increases under expenditure are due to the general increase in activities resulting from the develop- ments recorded above.
1
STAFF.
61. There were no changes in the senior staff during the year. Development in departmental activities, forest protection etc. made considerable demands upon the staff generally and I should like to take this opportunity of thanking all officers for the loyal service they have given during a very strenuous year.
62. The Superintendent was appointed a member of the Nutrition Research Committee as from 28th June, 1939.
F. FLIPPANCE,
Superintendent,
Botanical and Forestry Department.
Table I.
FOREST PROTECTION SERVICE ANALYSIS OF OFFENCES AND LOCALITIES.
་་
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Report of :-
Pine
Tres-
Assault
Village or District.
Block.
Pine
Brush- Wild
Dama-
Total
tree
tree
wood
Flower
passing
on
Cutting Cutting
branch
stealing.
stealing.
stealing. stealing.
in plan-
ging
Forest
grass. bamboos.
trees.
tations.
Guard.
Victoria
Wongneichong
Shaukiwan
1
132
00
8
156 (f)
5
6
2
2
311
2
49
4
85
1
139
3
84
11
268 (c)
1
16
4
387
2
Tytam
4
2
Stanley
5
16
1
21
8
46
Aberdeen
6
14
4
14
1
33
Pokfulam
7
21
3
35
1
62
Kowloon
8
30
3
34
7
2
76
Harbour Belt
9
111 (a)
10 (f)
24 (b)
LO
5
21
11 (d)
182
Cheung Sha Wan
10
23 (e)
3
5 (c)
I
1
33
1
Kang Hau
11
1
New Territories
12
33
10
52
1
1
1
98
Total for 1939
515
58
694
21
54
21
1
3
3
1,370
Total for 1938
509
72
304
3
16
1
1
906
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(c) 5 also convicted for Trespassing.
3 also convicted for Trespassing.
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(d) 4
>>
(a) 64 also convicted for Trespassing.
(b) 13
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Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1938 & 1939.
Item.
1938.
1939.
SA
Actual Forestry Revenue, 1939.
$
$
$
Timber Sales
843.42
2,050.96
2,050.96
Plant Sales
491.55
511.87
Loan of Plants
53.84
Forestry Licences
9,192.80
Overpayment in Previous Years
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
1.30 810.63
32.76
9,443.13 (a) 9,443.13 (a)
4.81 1,690.12 (b)
Estimated Value of Timber Extracted for
Government Supply
21,764.00
Total...
11,393.54
13,733.65
33,258.09
(a) Collected by District Officers.
(b) Includes $1,605 for inspection of nursery stock as against $690 in 1938.
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS.
Personal
Year.
Emoluments Special
Total
Forestry Section.
Total
and Other Charges.
Expen-
diture.
Expen- diture,
Revenue.
Expen- diture.
Revenue.
$
$
$
$
$
1930.... 120,565.39 3,809.67
124,375.06 12,376.46
1931..
121,189.43
121,189.43 11,717.67
1932..... 122,041:57
122,041.57 17,028.99
1933...... 125,762.23 999.64
126,761.87 17,634.96
1934....
127,403.14
1935...... 117,447.55
1936...... 125,355.53
1937...... 130,193.92 1,999.55
1938...... 136,442.75 2,635.32 1939....
139,491.46 5,569.95
132,193.47 14,116.48
139,078.07 11,393.54 77,762.36 45,036.22
145,061.41 13,733.65 83,523.62 33,258.09
127,403.14 14,084.02
117,447.55 13,787.02
125,355.53 13,748.67
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Table IV.
BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY DEPARTMENT.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR 1938 AND 1939
AND APPROXIMATE EXPENDITURE ON FORESTRY SECTION FOR 1939.
Expenditure.
1938.
1939.
Approximate Expenditure on Forestry Section, 1939.
$
$
$
Personal Emoluments
Other Charges.
92,315.24
88,018.07
45,511.55
Brushwood Clearing
6,775.95
4,941.32
4,941.32
Conveyance Allowances
2,466.06
3,068.78
2,633.78
Expenses of Collections
176.97
167.50
167.50
Extraction of Timber
2,400.81
2,400.81
Field Allowances to Foresters
714.73
896.75
765.58
Forestry
17,088.54
21,333.34
21,333.34
Forestry Reserve, Taipo Kau
1,413.89
2,591.25
2,591.25
Incidental Expenses
393.51
381.20
Library
299.32
254.54
Light
363.16
356.41
Maintenance of Gardens
10,186.02
10,056.59
Protection of Plantations
1,189.00
1,371.69
1,371.69
Tools and Nursery Supplies
539.36
Transport
1,394.20
1,259.51
1,027.80
Uniforms & Accoutrements
848.39
1,189.84
446.75
Upkeep of Car
817.77
664.50
332.25
Total Other Charges.
44,127.51
51,473.39 38,012.07
Special Expenditure.
Planting Flowering Shrubs
Three New Mowing Machines
One Motor Mowing Machine
Six Small Mowing Machines
Temporary Quarters for Forest Protection
Service
Agricultural Development
1,904.60
730.72
1,856.88
1,912.90
440.57
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1,359.60
Total Special Expenditure
2,635.32
5,569.95
Total
139,078.07
145,061.41 83,523.62
.
**
Standard Form I.
AREA IN SQUARE MILES OF FOREST LAND ON 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Percentage of
State forest.
Communal forest.
whole area.
Total
Territorial unit
and/or category
of forest land,
Total
Private
forest
Forest
area of
unit.
Produc-
Protec-
Total
Unre-
tion
tion
State
served.
reserves. reserves.
Forest.
Produc- Protec-
tion tion
reserves. reserves.
Total
Unre-
served.
forest.
Total
land.
reserves
Communal
forest
(Columns
forest.
land.
3, 4, 7, 8)
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Hong Kong Island A
32
18
18
18
56.25
56.25
New Territories B
358
4
4
* 81
85
1.10
23.74
Total, Colony
390
22
223
A.
Mixed Forest.
B. Pine Forest.
81
103
5.64
26.41
*Represents land afforested by local population under "leased forest lots" scheme.
Standard Form II.
STATEMENT IN ACRES OF PROGRESS IN FOREST RESERVATION AND DEMARCATION DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Reserves approved but not legally constituted.
Reserves constituted but not completely demarcated.
Reserves constituted and demarcated.
N 15
www.
Territorial unit and/or category of reserve.
On 1st
Added
On 31st On 1st Added
Excluded
on trans-
January
during
December January
during
On 31st
December
On 1st
Added
Excluded
On 31st
January
during
during
December
ferred to
1939.
year.
1939.
19
year.
19
1939.
year.
year.
1939.
Col. 10.
1
Hong Kong Island
New Territories
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
328
acres
(T)
328
acres
(T)
337
acres
(T)
337
acres
(T)
Standard Form V (Modified).
SUMMARY OF FOREST OFFENCES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Cases taken to Court.
Total
Total
Territorial Unit.
Imprison-
ment
without
option of
Imprison-
Bound over or otherwise
Cautioned
Police
Total
Depart-
ment with
Fines.
dealt with.
and
discharged.
Acquitted.
Cases.
all
mental
Unclassi-
offences.
option of
Cases.
fied.
fine.
fine.
Cases.
Cases.
Cases.
Amount
Cases,
Cases.
Cases.
Cases.
Cases.
Cases.
$
Hong Kong Island
145
490
153
1,048.68
151
29
12
980
980
1,960
New Territories
39
283
26
215.00
25
6
11
390
350
740
Total..
184
773
179
1,263.68
176
35
23
1,370
1,330
2,700
N 16
Area under regeneration.
Type
Standard Form VI.
STATEMENT IN ACRES OF PROGRESS IN CONCENTRATED REGENERATION AND AFFORESTATION DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Regeneration of exploited forest.
Afforestation of land not hitherto under forest of value. Area of plantations.
Cost of all
operations
Area of completed regeneration.
including
Territorial unit.
of
regen-
On 1st Added Jan. during
eration. 19
Trans-
ferred
to
On 31st
Dec.
On 1st Added Jan. during
Ex-
cluded
during
On 31st On 1st Added Dec. Jan.
during
Ex-
cluded
during
On 31st
Dec.
tending
(Local
Currency).
year.
Col. 8.
19
19
year.
19
1939.
year.
1939.
year.
year.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
.9
10
11
12
13
14
15
$
Hong Kong Island
11,647 991
11,747
664.05
New Territories
2,6701 341
2,704
300.00
14,318
133
14,4512
964.05
:
•
.
N 17
Standard Form X.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF TIMBER, WOOD PRODUCTS AND MINOR PRODUCE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
Category.
Gross imports.
Gross exports.
Hundreds
of cu. ft.
Value in
H.K. $
Hundreds
of cu. ft.
Value in
H.K. $
Hardwood
10,395
958,910
83
*11,327
Net imports
or
exports.
Hundreds
of cu. ft.
10,312
Value in
H.K. $
947,583
Average annual net imports or exports for quinquennium ended 31st December, 1939.
Hundreds
of cu. ft.
5,883
Value in
H.K. $
540,770
Percentage by value of gross imports or exports from or to different sources or destinations during the year 1939.
Imports from.
Malaya 1.5; B. N. Borneo 83.2; N. China 0.4; Neth. E. Indies 0.7; Philippines 0.5; Thailand 13.7.
Fr. Indo-China 13.1; Neth. E. Indies 4.2; Thailand 82.7.
Teakwood
3,764
856,458
232
40,894
3,532
815,564
2,180
495,163
American Pine
9,429
1,010,179
1,185
94,264
8,244
915,915
5,578
537,519
Canada 29.6; U.S.A. 70.4.
China Fir
1,285
98,861
75
7,551
1,210
91,310
2,671
193,515
Softwood, n.o.e.
4,657
444,961
1,166
135,236
3,491
309,725
5,683
424,857
All Timber, n.o.e.
(Value only)
1,368,811
325,440
1,043,371
788,490
N. China 15.6; S. China 0.4; K.C. Wan 82.6; Macao 1.4. Malaya 36.7; B. N. Borneo 26.1; N. China 3.1; M. China 12.1; K.C. Wan 0.6; U.S.A. 21.4. U.K. 0.6; Australia 3.6; Canada 0.6; Malaya 4.0; B. N. Borneo 25.7; N. China 1.0; M. China 7.4; S. China 0.6; C. America 0.2; Fr. Indo-China 8.1; K. C. Wan 12.5; Macao 2.7; Neth. E. Indies 1.4; Philippines Thailand 27.6; U.S.A. 3.9.
0.1;
Exports to.
Br. Emp. Other 4.2 N. China 7.6; M. China 22.1; S. China 21.4; K. C. Wan 0.2; Macao 44.5.
N. China 0.1; M. China 0.2; K. C. Wan 1.5; Macao 97.8; U.S.A. 0.4.
N. China 61.7; Fr. Indo-China 1.2; K. C. Wan 0.9; Macao 36.2.
M. China 5.6; Macao 94.4.
S. China 18.2; Macao 81.8.
India 0.1; Malaya 0.2; N. China 41.1; M. China 0.7; S. China 6.1; Fr. Indo-China 10.4; Japan 1.0; K. C. Wan 0.7; Macao 39.4; Philippines 0.3.
M. Chna 100.0.
Malaya 24.5; B. N. Borneo 43.0; M. China 3.4; S. China 2.9; Fr. Indo-China 2.0; K. C. Wan 22.2; Macao 0.8; Neth. E. Indies 0.9; Thailand 0.3.
744,098 Malaya 23.0; B. N. Borneo 10.3; N. China 0.1; M. China 3.1; S. China 1.6; Fr. Indo-China 48.7; K. C. Wan 10.5; Macao 0.4; Thailand 2.3.
Macao 100.0.
Malaya 2.8; M. China 0.7; S. China 0.5; K. C. Wan 0.3; Macao 90.4; Neth. E. Indies 0.6; Thailand 4.7.
Sleepers
25
2,500
25
2,500
221
Total. Firewood (Piculs) 2,467,391 2,832,441
29,530 4,738,180
2,766
617,212
1,961
2,012
26,814 4,125,968 22,216 2,465,430 2,830,429 2,479,849
41,002
3,021,316
2,052,776
Charcoal (Piculs).....
539,062 1,401,646
32,910
80,116
506,152 1,321,530
334,569
Grand Total
(Value only)
8,972,267
699,340
8,277,927
5,818,190
One dollar Hong Kong=1s./3d.
One picul 133 lbs.
Index.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, HONG KONG.
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1939.
CONTENTS.
Part I.
Part II.
Chapter
I.
II.
""
III.
IV.
V.
"
VI.
""
་
VII.
Outstanding events of the year.
Legislation, Administration and Control.
Finance.
Primary Education--Boys.
Secondary Education-Boys.
Post Secondary Education.
Training of Teachers-Male. Training Schools and Colleges.
Female Education.
Physical and Moral Welfare.
Miscellaneous.
VIII.
""
IX.
X.
>>
Table
I.
Abstract statement of Institutions and Pupils.
II.
>>
"
""
""
IIIA.
IIIB.
IIIC.
IIID.
IV.
VI.
VIIA.
Percentage of population enrolled in Institutions maintained or
aided from Colonial Revenue.
Scholars in Vernacular Schools by School Years and Ages on 31st
December, 1939.
Non-European Scholars in Maintained or Aided English Schools by
School Years and Ages on 31st December, 1939.
Non-European Scholars in Unaided but Inspected English Schools
by School Years and Ages on 31st December, 1939.
European Scholars by School Years and Ages on 31st December,
1939.
Abstract statement of Gross Expenditure from Colonial Revenues
on Education for the official year 1939.
Institutions and Pupils.
Results of Public Examinations.
Number and Qualifications of Teachers, English Schools.
VIIB. Number and Qualifications of Teachers, Vernacular Schools. VIII. Gross Expenditure on Institutions maintained by Government and
Net Cost per Pupil.
IX.
Gross Expenditure on Institutions aided by Government.
Statement of Fee rates, Rules governing exemptions from fees and
Scholarships.
""
X.
ΧΙ.
XII.
Statement showing Administrative Staff of the Education
Department.
Appendix I.
Teachers by Nationality and Race.
Diagram illustrating the relationship of the various Institutions.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, HONG KONG.
>
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1939.
PART I.
PREFACE.
[Please see Part I of the Report for 1938]
PART II.
Chapter I.
OUTSTANDING EVENTS OF THE YEAR.
1. The continued unsettled condition in China caused by the Sino-Japanese conflict was responsible for a further influx of both Chinese and Europeans, and the maximum enrolment in all classes of schools reached the new record of 118,193, an increase of 14,059 over the enrolment of the previous year, which was itself a record.
2. The Teachers Training College was opened on 18th September; at present it is housed in temporary quarters but new buildings are expected to be ready by September, 1940.
3. In consequence of the opening of the Teachers Training College, no new normal classes were formed at the Vernacular Normal and Middle School and the Vernacular Normal School for Women. These two schools, which are in process of being converted into ordinary vernacular schools without normal classes, have been renamed Saiyingpun Vernacular School for Boys and Eastern District Vernacular School for Girls.
4. After the outbreak of war in September, 1939 the work of the Depart- ment and the schools was handicapped by changes of staff; a number of teachers were employed on defence duties, and temporary substitutes had to be engaged to fill the vacancies.
Chapter II.
LEGISLATION, ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL.
I. Legislation.
A revised edition of the Education Ordinance 1913 was published during the year, but no considerable amendments were made. A new set of regulations under the Ordinance was passed during the year, to come into force on 1st January, 1940; these new regulations prescribe a more satisfactory standard of sanitation and hygiene and lay down minimum qualifications for teachers of English.
:
02
The Board of Education met 5 times during the year and gave considerable attention to a new grant code whereby the existing capitation grant would be replaced by one based on the difference between fee income and approved expen- diture.
The Board also approved in principle the inclusion of women in the school inspectorate.
Mr. C. G. Sollis, Acting Director of Education and Mr. W. L. Handyside, Acting Senior Inspector of Schools, were confirmed in the substantive appoint-
ments.
During the year the heads of two schools went on leave prior to retirement after long and loyal service. Mrs. P. Y Stark had been headmistress at Belilios Public School for four years and altogether served in the Education Department for twenty six years. Mr. William Kay, M.A., completed twenty five years service, being Headmaster,. King's College during the last four years with the exception of eight months when he acted as Director of Education. During his headmastership at King's College he devoted much time to the revision of the teaching of English, and considerably extended the library.
Miss N. W. Bascombe was appointed to the vacant post at Belilios Girls School, receiving the new title of Principal. Mr. Wallington was appointed to act as principal at King's College. Rev. G. E. S. Upsdell became principal at Central British School and Mr. T. R. Rowell was appointed Principal, Teachers Training College when it opened in September. Mr. M. G. O'Connor acted as Principal, Queen's College, in the place of Mr. F. J. de Rome who was seconded
for war work.
Four officers who were on leave during the year took refresher courses and another investigated the possibilities of school broadcasting in Hong Kong.
To fill vacancies caused by retirement four male and three female officers were recruited from England.
Chapter III.
FINANCE.
The following are the comparative figures for 1938 and 1939.
Expenditure.
Provided Schools
1938.
$1,539,345.54
1939.
$1,562,611.16
Aided Schools
387,205.00
413,812.00
Direction and Inspection
208,295.87
217,957.03
Students in Training at University
24,661.70
28,468.99
Miscellaneous
$2,159,508.11
$2,222,849.18
Revenue.
School Fees Collected (Provided Schools only)
280,863.50
286,326.50
Net Expenditure
$1,878,644.61
$1,936,522.68
Further details of the expenditure will be found in Tables IV, VIII and IX.
0 3
Chapter IV.
PRIMARY EDUCATION-BOys.
1.
Schools for Europeans:-
The schools for Europeans fall into three groups:
(i) Military schools.
(ii) Government schools.
(iii) Private (unaided) schools.
(i) Military Schools. The Government schools and private schools are inspected by Government inspectors but the military schools are independent of the Hong Kong Government, being staffed by members of the Army Education Service under the supervision of an officer who, hitherto, has served on the Board of Education. These military schools, of which there were 6 in 1939, provide a primary education for the children of garrison families; they are mixed schools. Eight Government Free Scholarships tenable at the Central British School are awarded annually at these schools on the results of the annual examination.
(ii) Government Schools. As in 1938 there were three purely primary schools for European boys and girls of ages five to nine, one being situated on the Peak, one at Quarry Bay and the other in Kowloon. Arrangements were made with the bus companies to provide special school buses to transport children living at a distance. The fees at these schools were $105 per annum at the Peak School and $60 per annum at the other two schools. Most of the teachers at these schools were holders of National Froebal Union higher certificates. The salary for permanent European mistresses is £330-£700 per annum (attained after 20 years service), with posts of senior mistress at £750 per annum. Ordinarily no pupil may remain at one of these junior schools when over ten years of age.
For those children who wish to continue their education in Hong Kong after this age Government provides the Central British School, Kowloon, in which there are two "Remove" classes for those children who:-
(a) are too old to remain at, or to be admitted to the junior schools. (b) cannot immediately be placed in the other primary school forms
owing to temporary lack of accommodation.
(c) require individual tuition to prepare them for higher forms.
During the winter, when there is morning and afternoon school and children have insufficient time to return home in the tiffin interval, lunches are provided in the dining hall at a low charge by the manager of the tuck shop; accom- modation is also available for those children who bring their own food. More information concerning the Central British School will be found in Chapter V.
(iii) Private Schools. The American missionary school at Cheung-chau-an island ten miles from the centre of Hong Kong-for children evacuated from North China owing to the Sino-Japanese hostilities continued as in 1938. The syllabus followed the American system from grade school to high school, and the subjects taken included Latin, biology, economics, French and German, English, mathematics, art, history, civics and geography. It had a maximum enrolment of 35 during the year, including both boys and girls.
The other private schools for Europeans were three kindergartens with a combined enrolment of 35.
2.
Schools for Asiatics:-
- 0 4
1. English Schools (Schools in which the English language is the principal medium of instruction).
These fall into three groups:-
i. Government schools.
ii. Aided schools.
iii. Unaided schools.
i. Government maintained seven primary English schools, the same number as in 1938. These were the Ellis Kadoorie School, Wantsai School, Yaumati School, Gap Road School, Taipo School, Cheung Chau School-all for Chinese boys and the Ellis Kadoorie Indian School for Indian boys. In addition there boys-and were primary divisions at Queen's College and King's College.
The classes in English schools are numbered from Class 8 (the lowest) to Class 1 (the highest, which is of matriculation standard). The break between the primary and secondary divisions was formerly considered to fall at the end of Class 4; but during the year a rearrangement was begun and will be completed in 1940, whereby the primary division will comprise classes 8 to 5 inclusive, and the secondary division classes 4 to 1 inclusive.
•
Chinese pupils admitted to Class 8 must be not more than twelve years old. The entrance examinations were made uniform under the supervision of the Inspector of Vernacular Schools. Tests were given in Yik Man (translation from colloquial Chinese to the literary language), Chinese reading, arithmetic, and-- as an experiment-in intelligence, a standard norm having been obtained by tests of previous class eights. The standard of the examination was that which should be reached by a pupil after four years in a local vernacular school. Some indication of this standard is given by the arithmetic syllabus, namely the four simple rules; decimals; Chinese money, weights and measures; time and calendar.
During the year the experiment was begun of using Cantonese as the medium of instruction for subjects other than English in some of the classes 8 and 7. Clearly it will be some years before the results are apparent. At the end of class 5 there is a qualifying examination for pupils wishing to continue their studies at one of the Government secondary schools. On the results of this examination a maximum of thirty five Government free scholarships tenable at King's College or Queen's College are awarded annually. Normally, a pupil is superannuated from school who has twice failed to gain promotion whether in the same standard or in two different standards.
•
Ellis Kadoorie School, the largest of these primary schools had a maximum enrolment of 497. With three other similar schools (Wantsai, Yaumati and Gap Road Schools) it provided a primary education in the urban districts for a maximum of 1,078 boys. During the year a new gymnasium was opened at Ellis. Kadoorie School.
Cheung Chau and Taipo, schools in the New Territories, had a much lower enrolment, 87 and 127 respectively, and suffered many absences from malaria. They comprise classes 8, 7 and 6 only. These schools have boy scout troops which are very popular, and school gardens.
0 5
Handwork, art and singing have been introduced in all schools as far as staff is available and it is no small change for scholars to be really interested in these activities. An evening class for training teachers in handwork was begun. Singing was supervised by a part time singing master. The full time appoint- ment of music master remained unfilled during the year. Further extension of art, handwork and music must await the training of more teachers in this important branch of education. Mathematics is confined to Arithmetic with simple work in algebra and geometry and, though text books from England are used, due attention is paid to exercises in local currency and measures. English increasing emphasis is laid on oral work, the majority of schools using either West's "New Method" course or Dr. Faucett's "Oxford English Course"; but finally all oral work depends on the speech of the teachers, and this is gradually showing improvement.
In
The Ellis Kadoorie Indian School had a maximum enrolment in 1939 of 203 in classes ranging from 10 to 5. Many special difficulties had to be dealt with. Many pupils are sons of policemen, watchmen and soldiers. Some are locally born and some migrate from Indian with their fathers' regiment. As a conse- quence there is considerable disparity between their attainments in their vernacular and English and a greater age range than in the schools for Chinese boys. In physique there are even greater differences. Oral English in this school reaches a somewhat better standard, probably because some English is spoken in many of the homes. Many of these Indian pupils are also familiar with Cantonese.
At the Government primary schools for Chinese and the corresponding classes (viz. classes 8 to 5) at King's College and Queen's College, the school fees are $5 (six shillings and three pence) per mensem; at the Ellis Kadoorie School for Indians, $2 (two shillings and six pence) per mensem. The fees at the rural schools, Cheung Chau and Taipo, are 50 and $1 per mensem respectively.
Anglo-Chinese masters and vernacular masters in all Government schools are on a salary scale rising from $900 per annum to $6,000 (£375) per annum in twenty eight years, the majority having received their training at the Evening Institute teachers classes; but Anglo-Chinese masters of this class have ceased to be recruited since 1930. Chinese university-trained masters-that is those trained at the University of Hong Kong and occasionally other universities are on a scale rising from $1,800 to $6,000 per annum, the maximum being reached in twenty two years. University-trained mistresses teaching in Government schools are on a scale rising from $1,320 to $3,000 (£187) per annum in fourteen years; salaries of assistant vernacular mistresses rise from $420 to $2,400 (£150) per
annum.
ü. Aided schools. There were seven grant-in-aid English boys' schools which had primary departments in addition to secondary. With one exception they were all managed by missions. The pupils included Chinese, Portuguese and Eurasian boys. In addition to these boys schools eight aided English girls' schools educated young boys in their lowest classes. The syllabus of work in these schools was very similar to that in the Government schools but boys progressed from the primary to the secondary departments on the results of class examina- tions; there was no general examination at the end of class 5 as in Government schools.
La Salle College main building was requisitioned by the military authorities on the outbreak of war but classes were continued, under great difficulty, in outbuildings.
Physical training, handwork and singing were extended in many of these schools and six of the schools enjoyed the benefits of visual education using apparatus hired locally by the Teachers Association and films owned by the same organisation. Films were American and English and illustrated work in hygiene, geography (physical and travel) and elementary science. The experiment justi- fied extension of the scheme but further practice in the use of films is required. It should be mentioned that King's College and Queen's College also subscribed to the scheme.
06
Six of the boys schools and four of the girls schools had hostels or boarding establishments but day scholars were also admitted.
The fees in these schools varied from $4 to $6 (5s/- to 7s/6d-) per mensem; the percentage of pupils wholly exempted from fees varied from 3% to 7% and the number of scholarship holders from 2% to 25%
iii. Private unaided. In 1939 there were 20 day schools for boys (one being situated at Un Long in the New Territories) of this class; all followed the syllabus of the Government English primary schools. In general they cater for those who cannot gain admittance to the Government or grant schools because of over age or lack of accommodation at those schools. The fees in these schools were generally low ($2 per mensem or less) and this attracted many of the poorer students who could not win scholarships in the Government or grant schools.
In addition there were 78 night schools where boys received a primary education in English and elementary arithmetic. Most of these night schools found accommodation in premises used by vernacular day schools.
2,416 boys attended "the day schools whilst 3,256 boys attended the night
schools.
II. Vernacular Schools.
(a) Urban Districts:-
There were no Government vernacular primary schools.
The number of private primary schools for boys at the end of the year was 494, 92 subsidised, and 402 non-subsidised; of these latter 377 were day schools and-25 night schools. The maximum attendance at these 494 schools was 47,164 and the average attendance 45,026.
There were two kinds of subsidised schools:-
(i) those run by public institutions (missionary and charitable bodies
and tradeguilds etc.) for the benefit of the
poor.
These were
either free or charged only a nominal fee-50¢ to $1 (1s/3) per
mensem.
(i) Schools run by Government-trained teachers and charging low fees.
The subsidies given to these schools were approximately half of the difference between expenditure on rents and salaries and income from fees, the total subsidies paid during 1939 being $49,380, i.e. $536.70 per school or $5.50 per pupil on the average.
Besides these subsidised schools already mentioned there was a mixed school (19 boys and 18 girls) in Kowloon city for the deaf and dumb which received a subsidy of $720 per annum.
The non-subsidised schools were mostly run by private teachers who tried to make a living out of them; the fees charged varied from $1.00 to $4.00 per
mensem.
The length of the primary course in these vernacular schools is 6 years-4 years lower primary and 2 years higher primary-but not every school provides a full course. Old type schools where only Chinese literature is taught are no longer found: in all existing schools the curriculum includes, besides Chinese, at least the two "modern" subjects-arithmetic and geography; English is not usually taught until the middle school stage. These schools are attended by all classes of boys, and those who intend to enter English schools are expected to finish the lower-primary course.
For use in these schools the Government issues
a series of Hong Kong Chinese Readers.
- 0 7 -
07-
Each year for students attending subsidised schools who wish to continue their education, Government offers 30 scholarships (comprising free tuition, but not free books) tenable at a Government English school for 5 years. In addition four similar scholarships tenable at Government's Saiyingpun Vernacular School for Boys are awarded annually. The scholarships are awarded on the results of a competitive examination.
Salaries received by assistant masters in these schools average about $35 (£2.4s) per mensem.
(b) Rural Districts:-
$
At Un Long the Government maintained an upper primary school with two grades. The curriculum was the same as in an ordinary upper primary school with the addition of English (stress being laid on the teaching of English con- versation). Male students from this school may compete with those from Cheung Chau and Taipo for scholarships which consist of remission of fees at Yaumati school for two years. The enrolment was 107, of whom 19 were girls. In this area malaria is prevalent and the average attendance was only 82 or 76.6% of the maximum enrolment.
In 1939 in rural districts there were 113 subsidized and 62 non-subsidized boys schools.
Nominally there are boys schools and girls schools but in boys' schools girls are usually admitted up to the age of 12 and vice versa. Where one school serves more than one village the school is, as a rule, a mixed school. The boys far outnumbered the girls (9,350 to 2,039), this being due to the reluctance of the country-folk to send their daughters to school-a similar situation once prevailed among the urban Chinese population but has practically disappeared now.
The curriculum is similar to that in urban primary schools and the text books used are the same, but an attempt was made to encourage school gardens.
Subsidies were paid at varying rates according to a school's merit and its financial requirements. Those with more than one teacher received up to the maximum of $1,000 (£62) per annum, an amount received by only one school. The total amount paid out in subsidies to rural schools in 1939 was $22,765 (£1,423). Open to scholars in rural subsidised schools are 27 scholarships annually; these scholarships consist of free tuition (and sometimes travelling expenses) at a Government primary school for a period of two to five years.
Non-subsidised schools on the whole have teachers with lower qualifications and do not reach so high a standard.
(Special mention must be made of the schools in the refugee camps provided
by the Hong Kong Government for those Chinese who entered the Colony when the Sino-Japanese hostilities reached the borders of the New Territories. These schools which were organised by the Hong Kong Refugee and Social Welfare Council were educating 2,000 children, the teachers receiving only a nominal salary. The curriculum included Chinese, arithmetic, singing, physical exercises, hygiene, handwork and where possible gardening.
+
0 8
Chapter V.
1. English Schools.
(a) For Europeans:-
SECONDARY EDUCATION-BOYS.
With the exception of the small American mission school at Cheung Chau the only secondary school exclusively for European children is provided by Government. This, the Central British School, is a co-educational school having primary and secondary classes. During 1939, 43 boys attended the secondary classes compared with 42 in 1938. As stated in Chapter IV the school is fed from the three mixed primary schools and the Garrison schools. A new building was opened in 1936 and the school has the advantage of standing in its own grounds. It has a growing library and is well equipped with apparatus for science, physical training and for the girls only-domestic science. The school is well staffed and in this school an education is given which compares favourably with that given in a secondary school in England. There is always a movement of pupils as parents are transferred to or from the Colony or proceed on long leave, but there appears to be little loss in general education as children enrolled in schools in England have no difficulty in maintaining their places in their proper age-groups. The syllabuses in the school are exactly similar to those in England, French and Latin being the second languages. The fees in this school were $90 per annum and the permanent staff were on the standard salary scales for European masters and mistresses.
(b) For Asiatics:-
The two Government schools for boys having secondary departments are King's College and Queen's College. As stated previously, both these schools also have primary departments. Their secondary classes are fed by Government District schools and their own primary classes through the general examination set at the end of class 5.
Pupils have a 3 year course ending at the Hong Kong School Certificate examination; after passing that examination many seek employment, some enter the matriculation class (class 1) to prepare for university entrance examinations or for clerkships, while a few transfer to the Trade School. On the results of the Hong Kong School Certificate Examination a maximum of 35 Government free scholarships were awarded to pupils of these schools and of the Saiyingpun Vernacular School, tenable for one year in Class 1 of Queen's College or King's College. The fees in the secondary departments of these schools were $10.00 per month tuition fees plus medical fees ($3.00 per annum) besides sports and library fees. As in primary schools, scholars provided their own books.
In these schools 14 to 17 periods each week were allotted to mathematics and science, 17 to 21 to other English subjects, 2 periods for physical training and 5 to 7 for translation and Chinese; in class 4 seven periods less were devoted to mathematics and science, other English subjects benefitting; in the lowest classes no translation was done, more time being devoted to vernacular, and more time was spent on English at the expense of mathematics. All Chinese pupils are required to continue the study of their own language and literature throughout their course in the English school; this study and that of English together absorb a large part of the time available and it is therefore difficult to find room for such important activities as handwork, art and music: In all classes at least one period a week was allotted to hygiene. At Queen's College there were commercial classes. Both schools have good libraries. King's College building was erected in 1927 and is in good condition, with two laboratories, a swimming pool, gymnasium, library, art and geography room and a large hall. Queen's College building dates from 1887 and the question of erection of a new building is under urgent consideration. There are laboratories and a hall but no other rooms for special use; although the library is very large it is impossible to provide as much space for readers as at King's College where one period a week is allotted to upper classes for the use of the library under supervision. Neither school has demonstration rooms for science.
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The vernacular work included Chinese history, geography in relation to the history, and the study of Confucius and Mencius.
Besides these two Government schools there were 7 grant schools having secondary and primary departments. The grant was calculated on a capitation basis and paid at the rate of $40 per pupil annually-whether the pupil was in the secondary or primary department. However, the system is under review and a new system is being considered. In these schools there was no clearcut break at the end of class 5 as in the Government schools and promotions which were mainly from their own lower classes were left to the discretion of the schools themselves.
In Government and grant schools alike, entries were permitted to all classes but the movement of scholars from one school to another is less than it was a few years ago. Boys who failed in cne school would present themselves at another with the object of gaining promotion by such a transfer.
The grant schools educated together boys of all races-Chinese, Portuguese, Indians, English-so that French, Portuguese, Cantonese and Mandarin were taught in addition to English. All schools were required to devote at least 1 hour a week to physical training (or, in summer, swimming) apart from games. Most included some form of handwork and singing, the interest in singing being enlivened by inter-school singing competitions held in the summer.
All the grant schools but one provided a hostel or boarding establishment for some of their pupils.
In winter, school hours for the two Government schools are 27.20 per week, being approximately the same as those in grant schools except that in the latter two to three hours each week are devoted to moral or religious instruction. In summer, the Government schools do not meet in the afternoons and the weekly hours amount to 26.00.
All these schools had libraries and in several schools definite periods were allocated for work in the library with a master present to advise. The libraries provided magazines and papers-both Chinese and English-and usually there was a staff section. In addition the Teachers Association had a large library with most of the periodicals required by teachers.
Societies of all kinds flourished in the schools and were enjoyed by the scholars. All of the schools but one had thriving boy scout troops; the total number engaged in scout work in the Colony in December, 1939, was 542 scouts, 29 wolf cubs, 49 rover scouts, 75 officers.
St. Stephen's College was the only exempted school in the Colony. Including its primary department it had an enrolment of 215 with an average attendance of 205. It is a boarding school for Chinese admitting day boys.
For the matriculation examination of the University of Hong Kong held in June, 1939, 223 boys from Government and grant schools sat and 130 or 57% passed. The figures for the same schools in the Hong Kong School Certificate examination were 487 entered and 317 or 73.3% passed.
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2. Vernacular Schools.
The Government maintained one vernacular middle school or secondary school, the Saiyingpun Vernacular School for Boys which had a maximum enrol- ment of 252. Previously to September, 1939 this school was known as the Vernacular Normal and Middle School, but with the opening of the Teachers Training College it was decided to recruit no new scholars for the normal classes and by July, 1940 to abolish that part of the school, replacing it by lower primary divisions. Eight out of the ten boys presented from this school passed the local school certificate examination which was conducted in English. The fees at the school varied from $24 (£1. 10s) to $96 per annum and the staff were on the same salary as those in other Government schools.
There was one vernacular grant school for boys-Munsang College with a maximum enrolment of 536-and one subsidised boys school which had a lower middle school with a primary division and received a subsidy of $480 in 1939 on a maximum enrolment of 110. Munsang College completed a new building during the year. Besides a large hall it has 10 middle school class-rooms, 2 science laboratories, a library and a large playground. In a separate building the school provides accommodation for boarders.
In the five middle schools for girls which received subsidies during the year, 520 boys attended the middle school classes and 1,708 the primary.
There were 75 non-subsidised private day schools existing on 31st December with a total maximum attendance of 5,371. Mostly, these schools were run by private teachers, the fees charged ranging from $4 (5s/-) to $7 per mensem. The six-years middle school course is divided equally between the lower middle and higher middle divisions. Practically all schools have a primary department from which students are promoted to the middle school division, many not going beyond the junior middle division.
These schools differ from the maintained and aided schools in that (a) Chinese is the medium of instruction at all stages, although English is a compulsory subject in the middle school curriculum, and (2) passed students from these schools can only continue in a Chinese University. In order to be allowed to enter students for the entrance examination of universities in China, some of these schools registered with the Chinese Government, but this did not interfere with their curriculum or the conditions of their registration with the Education Department, Hong Kong.
Besides the aforementioned urban schools, in 1939 there were 5 secondary schools (one for girls) in the New Territories which had been forced to remove from Canton or its vicinity by the Sino-Japanese hostilities; all these schools were boarding schools. With the exception of one which has acquired extensive land and is building very substantial buildings, all of them will probably return to their original homes when conditions permit.
Vocational.
(1) The Evening Institute is a collective name for the various evening classes organised by the Education Department at different centres. These classes were held for seven months during the year, 1 or 2 hours per week, the maximum enrolment being 958 (756 male students): classes in the following subjects were distributed among 7 centres-shorthand, book-keeping and accountancy, English; arithmetic, machine drawing and elementary mathematics for engineering ap- prentices in preliminary courses; shipbuilding, engineering, electrical engineering, building and field surveying, in senior courses; and engineering, shipbuilding and building and pharmacy in advanced courses. The fee were $10 a term (2 terms a year) with the exception of the lower rate of $5 for apprentices and $1 for vernacular teachers classes.
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The Evening Institute also provided courses for the training of English and vernacular teachers but no new students for the English course were admitted for the 1939/40 session and only teachers already serving in schools were accepted for the vernacular course.
All entrants to the English teachers classes, the majority of whom were pupil teachers, had to be holders of the Hong Kong matriculation or its equivalent. The course is one of three years with an examination bar at the end of each year. These classes were held in the afternoons during school hours and the syllabus included English, speech training with a study of the elementary principles of phonetics, method and hygiene. On successfully completing the course students are recognised as "Passed Student Teachers" and a certificate is granted.
For
The students of the vernacular teachers classes, included teachers already teaching in schools, and also in the past, students who wished to become teachers or to complete the course without necessarily wishing to become teachers. vernacular students the course is also one of three years. The vernacular course included instruction in Chinese literature, history and composition, geography, mathematics and school management and method. For admission to the course a good knowledge of Chinese literature was essential.
The number of students enrolled at the Evening Institute for the October, 1939 term was
General subjects
Normal (English)
Normal (Vernacular)
Technical
Male
Female
166
59
18
23
81
120
491
756
202
In the Technical Classes, the preliminary courses for engineers and ship- builders covering 3 years were held in Taikoo and Kowloon Docks where ships up to 10,000 tons are built and 30,000 tons ships repaired. The other classes were held in the Trade and Junior Technical schools. The majority of students at- tending the senior courses in engineering and shipbuilding held in the Trade School had passed through the Junior Technical School but a few pupils from the preliminary courses held in the Docks also qualified for admission.
The age of entry to the five year senior courses varied from 16-21. The building course, covering 5 years, is becoming increasingly popular. It varied from other courses in that many students entered on the course before commencing work in the industry, good students having little difficulty in obtaining remunerative em- ployment. Age of entry was about 16-18. The course in electrical engineering was extremely popular, students being drawn from a very wide range of employ- ment. The course covers 3 years, average age of entry being 20.
(ii) Junior Technical School-This is a Government institution opened in 1933 which has grown each year. It aims to supply apprentices who, having served their years of apprenticeship, may obtain such posts as foremen in engineering works, junior engineering draughtsmen, clerks of works in building and engineering, or foremen builders. Recognition of the work of the school has been shown by the two Dock companies which allow students of the school to commence their apprenticeship as second year apprentices and so have a 4 year instead of 5 year apprenticeship. The fees are $36 per annum and boys are given a 3-year course. The teaching of English was reorganised in 1938 to follow the Oxford English Course" and the headmaster reports that an improve- ment in the standard of English has been effected. In conjunction with the
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"Oxford" course a student library has been instituted and widely used. The session now commences in September instead of February as formerly and for the session ending August, 1939 there was a maximum enrolment of 131 with an average attendance of 114 compared with an average attendance of 82 during the previous term February to July 1938, and average attendance of 110.2 during the session ending December, 1937. The drop in average attendance February to July 1938 is explained by the fact that no new students were enrolled between February 1937 and September 1938. The change in session was made to bring the school into line with the other schools in the Colony whose session commences in September. The students of this school have no difficulty in being placed in apprenticeship at the completion of their course.
(iii) The Government Trade School which was opened in April 1938 with three departments Engineering, Building and Wireless Telegraphy continued to expand. The fees for the engineering and building classes were $5 per mensem and for wireless telegraphy $10 per mensem.
In addition to these courses an intensive course of training for 15 British soldiers was held during July and August. The course consisted of lectures and workshop practice to enable students to undertake maintenance of mechanical transport.
In the building class which opened in September 1938, 18 out of 20 first year students qualified for admission to the second year and 23 second year students qualified to enter the third year. Altogether the average attendance in this department was 43. In the engineering department 20 second year and 23 out of 24 first year students qualified for promotion. Students in the automobile engineering class carried out repair work on private cars to obtain broader experience of work on a "commercial basis" which is considered essential if students are to be able to take their place in industry immediately on leaving school. In the wireless telegraphy course the maximum enrolment was 40, 10 students were removed after 2 months trial as unlikely to be efficient and the average attendance was 20. The average enrolment for the 3 departments was 104 compared with 86 in the previous session.
Certain of the staff of the Trade School also assisted in the Junior Technical School. There are four chief instructors and two assistant instructors (European). In addition there was a Chinese staff consisting of 1 university-trained master with appropriate industrial training, a Chinese telegraphist for wireless telegraph duties and a probationer Chinese workshop instructor.
(iv) Besides the above vocational schools which are maintained by Govern- ment there were five day and four night unaided English vocational schools. Two day schools were for the training of wireless operators and the remainder were commercial professing to cover a very wide course-type-writing, shorthand, book-keeping and even banking-in one year. Students of both sexes attended the day schools where the qualification of entry was the passing Class 3 examination in an Anglo-Chinese school or its equivalent. 650 males and 120 females attended the day schools, 86 males the night.
.
Of the eleven vernacular vocational schools in the urban districts the largest was the Aberdeen Industrial School with a maximum enrolment of 356. The school comprises (i) a primary school from which are recruited many students for (ii) the artisan's section (with about 50 students in each) of four different five-year courses, viz. tailoring, shoe-making, machinery, and carpentry. The other schools were four of accountancy (152 students), three engineering (130), one of Chinese drawing (15), one of Chinese embroidery (3) and one providing classes in journalism (6) and Chinese dramatic arts (17).
In the New Territories there was a school, small with its ten students as yet, fostered by the New Territories Agricultural Association to train farmers to provide high quality vegetables and fruits for the local markets.
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Chapter VI.
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1.
POST SECONDARY EDUCATION.
There is no post-secondary education institution under direct control of the Education Department.
2. The University of Hong Kong, opened in 1911, fulfils the need for post-secondary education for students from local schools. Students are admitted to the University into the faculties of Arts, Medicine and Engineering on the results of the University matriculation examination.
Chapter VII.
TRAINING OF TEACHERS, MALE-TRAINING SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
Trained teachers fall into four groups:-
(1) those possessing a certificate recognised by the English Board of
Education;
(2) graduates from the education faculty of the University of Hong
Kong;
(3) those who have passed through one or other of the Government
Vernacular normal schools;
(4) those who have satisfactorily attended either English or vernacular
normal classes at the Evening Institute.
(a) Teachers Training College.
In September, 1939, the Teachers Training College was opened in temporary quarters, but plans have been prepared and tenders received for a new building which should be ready for occupation by September, 1940. The College provides a two year course in educational and academic subjects under a staff which, at present, consists of the Principal and a graduate vernacular master, together with 14 visiting lecturers who are on the staffs of local Government schools.
There are, at present, two classes: an Anglo-Chinese class which is taught through the medium of English and a vernacular class which is taught in Cantonese. There were twenty-four students in each class in 1939, half the number being men.
Candidates for entrance to the Anglo-Chinese class must have passed the Hong Kong University matriculation examination or its equivalent and those for the vernacular class must have successfully completed the higher middle school course of a recognised school. Candidates were selected by interview and in addition to academic qualifications, appearance, standard of English speech and athletic ability were taken into account: before final acceptance passing of a medical examination was necessary. During the two-year course, which is free, each student receives a subsistence allowance of $20 (£1.5s) per month and in certain circumstances may be provided with free books.
The course includes study of method, psychology, mathematics, English, Chinese, geography, history, nature study, hygiene, domestic science (for women), handwork, music and art. All students are required to do 2 hours physical education each week.
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During their first year, students do two days per week practical teaching and regular reports are furnished by the staffs and heads of schools. In addition. the principal, the vernacular master and one visiting lecturer visit the students and observe and criticise their lessons. The time allotted to the various branches of instruction is as follows-Practical teaching 33%, Education lectures 15%, academic subjects 43%, physical education 9%.
The work done in academic subjects consists of revision of work already done for matriculation but, by consideration of methods of presentation, is correlated with professional work. Special attention is paid to oral English directly by means of speech training with the aid of phonetics and a recording machine and indirectly by tutorials, debates and discussions.
(b) The University of Hong Kong.
Training of English teachers is also carried out in the University of Hong Kong. Until the session commencing in October, 1939 the professional training was carried out simultaneously with the degree course, which was one of four years. In the first year students read logic, in the second psychology and practical teaching, in the third and fourth years ethics and the theory and history of education. 24 students (9 Government scholars) enrolled prior to the 1939-40 session will continue their course in this way. Future students will first complete their four year academic course and then continue with 1 year devoted solely to professional study. Eight (6 male) of the students enrolled in 1939 received Government assistance varying from $1,200 (which is sufficient to cover whole cost of an undergraduates tuition and maintenance) to $400 (£25) annually.
(c) Other Institutions.
Training of vernacular teachers at Eastern District Vernacular School for Girls and Saiyingpun Vernacular School for Boys is to be discontinued when the present students complete their course in July 1940 and 1941 respectively, the Teachers Training College undertaking all work of this nature.
Taipo Normal School will continue with the training of male teachers for the New Territories subsidized schools. Originally the course was one of two years but it was found that the standard reached was too low and another year was added. In 1939, 51 students were in training. In September, 1939 an additional master was added to the original staff of a headmaster and an assistant to cope with the extended course, widened to include handwork, physical educa- tion and vegetable and flower gardening. A new building properly designed as a training college is required; the present premises consist of a rented house with no adjacent grounds for physical training or gardening.
Chapter VIII.
FEMALE EDUCATION.
General, Primary, Secondary, Training of Teachers.
During 1939, there were 24 mixed schools 6 more than in the previous year. Three hundred and eighty three institutions were classed as girls schools but most of these schools admitted boys to the lower classes; the old and new regulations made under the Education Ordinance of 1913 permit the admission of boys under twelve years of age to girls schools and vice versa.
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The total enrolment (male and female) in all schools in 1939 was 118,193 of which 37,370 were girls. The table below shows how this total of girls was made up and compares the figures with those of the two preceeding years. It is interesting to note that whereas the number of girls being educated in 1939 was greater than that in 1938, the percentage of girls to the total enrolment was slightly greater in 1938, viz. 31.69% in 1939, to 32.97% in 1938.
1937.
1938.
1939. .
(a) Provided schools
1,275
1,480
1,257
Aided schools
11,014
11,661
12,250
Unaided schools
16,271
21,200
23,699
Total
28,560
34,341
37,206
(b) Vernacular schools. English schools
23,975
29,366
32,426
4,585
4,975
4,944
Total
28,560
34,341
37,370
PRIMARY EDUCATION.
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(a) Provided schools.
As stated in Chapter IV, Government provided three mixed primary schools for children of European parentage-children of non-British parentage being admitted only when space was available. The schools were staffed exclusively with European teachers the majority of whom were holders of the National Froebal Union higher certificate. For older children there was the Central British School also referred to in detail in Chapter V. A total of two hundred. and thirty-five girls attended these schools in 1939.
For Chinese girls Government provided an English school, Belilios Public School, situated in the heart of the urban district of Hong Kong. During the year 472 girls were being educated in the primary classes. Handwork has been introduced into the lowest classes and biology into all but the very lowest classes. Domestic science was extended on the arrival of a new domestic science- mistress from England. A hot tiffin of congee or noodles with meat or fish, vegetables or groundnuts and tea was supplied for 5 cents (d.) for those who lived at a distance from the school and for the underfed. In addition the staff of the school organised a food kitchen where 150 of the poorest in the sur- rounding slums were fed each day. There was a library in each form of the school and a general magazine reading room.
(b) Grant Schools.
Educating girls there were eight English schools and three higher grade vernacular schools which received grants during the year. The number of schools and the grant, $35 per annum per girl for English schools and $14 per annum per girl for others, was the same as in 1938. Two of the English schools were devoted entirely to primary education whilst the others had large primary depart- ments; nearly all had kindergarten sections of varying efficiency. The total number of girls receiving a primary education in these schools was 3,319 and, at the same time, 387 boys received instruction. Munsang College, a mixed higher grade vernacular school also provided a primary education for 110 girls. All of the English schools are connected with various religious and missionary bodies in. the Colony.
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In the lower primary classes of the Ying Wa Girls' English School a course was given in Mandarin parallel to that in Cantonese in Chinese literature and composition so that children learnt to read, write and speak in that dialect. Other schools also devoted some time to Mandarin and during the year there was an inter-school Mandarin speech contest.
The Heep Yuun school interested its scholars in gardening and each boarder and each form of day girls had its own plot.
Apart from these distinctions, the curriculum followed very much on the lines of that in the boys schools, though needlework and some domestic science was added.
(c) Other schools.
56 subsidized primary schools for girls had a maximum attendance of 4,446; the subsidies paid amounted to $29,910 (£1,869), i.e. $6.70 per pupil: 201 non-subsidized day schools had a maximum enrolment of 17,528. The fees at these schools varied from $1 to $3 per mensem, and the salaries paid to teachers in these schools were somewhat lower than those of male teachers, the average being about $20 (£1.5s) per mensem.
The 30 non-subsidized night schools with a maximum enrolment of 1,507 were practically all free schools run by charitable bodies for the benefit of the
poor.
18 scholarships tenable at Belilios Girls School were awarded those girls from these subsidized and non-subsidized schools who were fit to enter Class 8. Entrants were expected to have begun the study of English and it is probably for this reason that English is taught in a greater number of girls primary schools than boys, no knowledge of English being required for entrance to Class 8 in a boys school.
SECONDARY EDUCATION.
(a) Provided.
Thirty three European girls were receiving a secondary education at the co-educational Central British School during 1939. The school curriculum has already been referred to in the chapters dealing with secondary education and it only remains to add that when boys were studying physics or chemistry the girls were working under a specialist teacher in the well-appointed domestic science rooms or studying botany. Apart from science the girls followed the same course of studies as the boys and took the same external examinations.
Belilios Public School, mentioned earlier in this chapter, had 120 girls in its secondary department all of whom studied biology in place of the chemistry and physics in the curriculum of corresponding boys schools. Apart from this the course followed the usual lines including arithmetic and simple mathematics, English, Chinese, geography and history. The fees were $4 per mensem.
Government also provided the Eastern District Vernacular School for Girls. Formerly the school served to train female vernacular teachers, but with the opening of the Teachers Training College no recruitment was made to the normal classes in September, 1939, and when the present normal classes have completed their courses the school will be solely a middle. (or secondary) school.
school. The maximum enrolment for the year was 171, the fees being $72 per annum.
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(b) Grant Schools.
Six of the eight English schools, the three higher grade vernacular girls schools and the mixed higher grade vernacular school already mentioned in connection with primary education had total maximum enrolments of 496, 450 and 2 girls respectively in their secondary departments. In the vernacular schools fees varied from $70 to $105 (£6. 12s) per annum and in the English schools $84 to $156 (£10 nearly) per annum.
The English schools and vernacular schools followed very similar time tables, usually including domestic science and biology, but differed in the language through which the subjects were taught. As, however, two of the vernacular schools entered girls for the Hong Kong University matriculation examination, considerable work was done in English. The third vernacular school-Heep Yunn-prepared students for Chinese universities and therefore very much less work was done in English.
Five subsidized vernacular schools with a maximum enrolment of 2,222 girls in their secondary departments received a total subsidy of $6,840 during the year.
Their work was similar to, but of a higher standard than, the 45 non-subsidized vernacular schools (female attendance 3,079). Like the boys schools, these schools have a primary department and many have a junior middle school only. Many girls who pass out from these schools consider their educa- tion completed, but quite a number train for teachers or proceed to an English or higher grade vernacular school. Fees charged varied from $3 to $7 (8s. 9d.) per mensem.
Education for Chinese girls has undergone a further great change during the last ten or twenty years, girls in well-to-do families receiving the same education as boys, and proceeding to high schools and universities.
TRAINING OF TEACHERS.
The future training of women teachers will be carried out by the Teachers Training College (already dealt with in Chapter VII), and the Hong Kong University. At the end of 1939, the Teachers Training College had 12 women students in the English class and 12 in the vernacular but in future the number in training is expected to increase, especially in the vernacular class. Apart from those in the normal classes of the Eastern District Vernacular School for Girls concluding their course, 120 women were in training in the Evening Institute normal classes which met for two hours three times a week, receiving instruction in literature, history, composition, geography, mathematics, hygiene, school management and method-all in the vernacular. 5 women were under training at Hong Kong University with Government scholarships.
Chapter IX.
PHYSICAL AND MORAL WELFARE.
(a) Medical Inspection and Teaching of Hygiene.
The school hygiene branch of the Medical Department consisted of the Health Officer for Schools, two Chinese medical officers, one sanitary inspector (appointed in September) and five nurses.
The main duty of the school hygiene branch continued to be the medical inspection of school children and inspection of premises proposed for school purposes, but during the latter part of the year a number of visits were made to existing schools the total number of inspections being 1,416 (432 inspections were made in 1938). Plans are ready to include all existing schools in the system of inspection and report during 1940. As stated in Chapter II an im- proved set of health regulations will become effective on 1st January, 1940; it will be applied to all new schools and in due course to all existing schools.
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5,887 examinations, including re-examination and visual tests, were made during the year. Dental disease formed the largest group of defects and plans are in readiness for the establishment of a school dental service whenever funds permit. Shortsight was next in frequency; a scheme for care of myopes has been in existence for some years. All pupils attending Government schools are examined subjectively, and selected cases are examined by refraction. If necessary spectacles are provided.
Attendances at the five clinics available for school children totalled 3,692 compared with 3,265 in 1938. In addition the nurses paid 204 visits to the homes of school children to advise parents about minor ailments.
Hygiene was one of the subjects in the curriculum of all schools and training colleges, but it was realised and driven home that hygiene is a practical and not a theoretical subject and steps were taken to help children to put their theory into practice. There is still much work to be done before there will be an improvement in the ventilation in homes and the general habits of pupils outside of the school. Many of the school premises themselves are far from ideal.
(b) Physical Education.
The past year was one of development and extension in physical education.
This
The arrival in April of a male assistant to the Supervisor enabled the supervision of boys schools to be extended in direction and intensity. however was off-set in the girls schools by the departure on leave of one physical training mistress in June, and later by staffing restrictions due to mobilisation.
The criticism that prior to entrance to a Government school no Chinese pupil enjoyed any systematic exercise is no longer valid, for the work is spreading rapidly among the vernacular schools whose rapid progress was evidenced in the excellent displays given at the Vernacular Schools Physical Education Competi- tion. Lack of suitable grounds and accommodation was still the greatest obstacle to the development of the work in Hong Kong schools, though the vernacular schools which were without playgrounds made use of those under the control of the Children's Recreation Grounds Committee.
In all schools the value of little and light clothing now appears to be well established although a standard uniform has not yet been attained.
During the year all Government schools were supplied with portable apparatus including beams, balance benches, buck, horse, box and mats, with a corresponding stimulus to the interest in the work for older pupils.
The weekly and bi-weekly training classes for both male and female teachers started in 1938 were continued. In addition a course of ten sessions of 3 hours for teachers in grant schools was held on Wednesday mornings from May to July; eighteen teachers were released from duties by the heads of their respective schools and proved a lively and interested class. The course paid special attention to the place of athletics, field events, games and swimming in the school scheme of physical education. The special coaching practices and analysis of the teaching of field events were especially popular.
At the new Teachers Training College physical education forms part of the compulsory course and consists of a minimum 120 hours instruction during two years. The course is comprehensive and the classes are held in the University gymnasium. A most satisfactory beginning was made..
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Two courses projected for September, 1939 one for all university-trained teachers below 30 in Government employ and one for vernacular teachers were postponed until 1940 owing to staffing difficulties due to the demands of mobilisation.
Good progress was evidenced in the planning of games lessons. The use of the team system of group work and the teaching of specific practices leading to major games was noticeable. Lack of accommodation and the distance of the grounds from the schools still prevented the best development of this side of the work.
Swimming has now been accepted as a definite part of the school curriculum but once again the lack of accommodation for schools proved a great obstacle.
1
After many disappointments swimming was arranged for the island schools at North Point through the kindness of the committees and members of the Chinese Bankers and the Civil Servants Recreation clubs. In these schools the normal physical education time-table was held in abeyance during June and July and each pupil enjoyed a session of 11⁄2 hours swimming per week. Owing to the distance of these clubs from schools, Government provided half the cost of tram tickets. The arrangement proved immensely popular, was undoubtedly beneficial and in many schools resulted in a great improvement in the personal cleanliness of pupils. There is little doubt that swimming is the most desirable form of exercise throughout the summer months in Hong Kong.
Cooperation with the Health Officer for Schools developed. In October a physical history record card was introduced in the lower forms. This card provides for the recording of normal physical measure 3 times in each session and in addition provides for periodical attainment tests. Records are now being kept from which a series of standards for the children of Hong Kong will be developed against which the progress of the pupils may be measured more accurately. The card provides space for reports by the Health Officer for Schools from which the efficiency of the training may be measured. At medical inspections all cases of poor posture etc. which are capable of improvement under the school scheme of work are reported by the Health Officer for Schools to the Supervisor and every effort is made to give the attention needed; instruction in home exercises is given where desirable.
(c) School Buildings and Equipment.
Temporary quarters equipped with a domestic science room were prepared for the Teachers Training College; plans have been drawn and tenders received for a new building which should be ready for occupation by September, 1940.
A new building was erected during the year by Munsang College, a vernacular grant school. The building has a large hall, ten class rooms for the middle school, a laboratory for physics and chemistry, a library and a spacious playground.
At the Diocesan Boys School, an English grant school, a physics demonstration room was added to facilitate the teaching of science.
To the Diocesan Junior School was added a library, a model shop where children were able to gain experience as sellers and buyers, apparatus for fabric-painting, felt work and weaving, and out-of-doors slides, swings and sand trays.
St. Mary's School added a room for domestic science, and formed a museum.
The only Government school to which any major alteration was made was Ellis Kadoorie School where a part of the building was adapted as a gymnasium, though several schools were repaired and painted.
O 20
Accommodation in Vernacular Schools.
Accommodation figures given below are based on the requirements of the regulations made under the Education Ordinance 1913 which were in force during 1939. In each class room superficial area of 9 square feet per pupil was required. Under the regulations which come into force on January 1st, the superficial area. must be 10 square feet per pupil, exclusive of a space three feet wide along the wall facing the class.
As would be expected, grant schools, all of which occupy buildings erected for school purposes, provided more space per pupil than any others. These had accommodation for 3,450 pupils; the maximum number of pupils in attendance during the year was 1,144, but these figures are exaggerated by St. Paul's Girls' School which, with accommodation for over 1,000 pupils, had a maximum enrolment of 231.
The subsidized and non-subsidized schools may be grouped in three classes as regards their accommodation:
(a) schools occupying premises erected and designed for school purposes.
(b) schools occupying the whole of a private house adapted for school
purposes.
(c) schools occupying part, e.g. one or more floors, or one or more rooms,
of a tenement house.
1. Urban Areas.
(a) There were 7 subsidized schools and 8 non-subsidized schools occupying premises erected and designed for schools purposes. Together, the subsidized schools had accommodation for 1,460 pupils and a maximum enrolment during the year of 1,214. The total accommodation in the 8 non-subsidized schools was 3,183 compared with a maximum enrolment of 2,699.
(b) In adapted whole houses 8 subsidized schools had accommodation for 3,320 and a maximum enrolment of 2,947, whilst 21 non-subsidized schools had accommodation for 8,131 and a maximum enrolment of 6,858.
(c) Occupying parts of tenement buildings were 140 subsidized schools with the maximum enrolment equal to the accommodation which was 12,079, and 735 non-subsidized schools with accommodation for 52,847 and a maximum enrolment of 52,847.
2. Rural Areas.
In rural areas all available space was occupied and in very few cases did the space per pupil exceed the 9 square feet required.
(a) In premises specially constructed 12 subsidized schools had accom- modation for 865 and 4 non-subsidized schools had accommodation for 321.
(b) 93 subsidized schools and 66 non-subsidized schools occupying adapted whole buildings had accommodation for 5,291 and 4,087 respectively.
(c) Occupying parts of tenement houses were 16 subsidized schools having accommodation for 1,298, and 11 non-subsidized schools with accom- modation for 497.
2
1
1
O 21
(e) Moral and Religious Instruction.
No direct moral or religious instruction was given in Government schools, but every master and mistress was expected to inculcate the observance of right conduct by practice and precept. Discipline was good in all schools but in some there was still too much passive listening. Religious instruction was given in schools conducted by missionary bodies but such schools were not permitted to include the time devoted to this in the minimum hours for attendance. In the school certificate examinations several pupils from other schools offered religious knowledge as one of their subjects. Civics and ethics were included in the "seung sik" and go mun" of vernacular schools.
(f) Boy Scouts, Girl Guides and other organisations.
6 6
(i) Boy scouts increased their popularity, the figures for enrolment being almost double those in 1938. Associated directly with schools in the Colony were twenty nine groups with 542 scouts, 29 wolf cubs, 49 rover scouts and 75 officers.
(ii) Connected with schools in Hong Kong were eight companies of girl guides with a total enrolment of 140 and five packs of brownies with a total of 81. These figures represent an increase of 50% over those of last year.
(iii) Seven brigade sections of St. John's Ambulance Association with an approximate total strength of 190 were associated with schools. Social service formed an important part of the work of the sections, considerable assistance being given in the matter of vaccination and first aid generally.
(g) Arrangements for defective and delinquent children.
(i) As already stated in Chapter II a school for deaf and dumb situated in Kowloon City had an enrolment of 19 males and 18 females. It received a subsidy of £45 from Government in 1939.
(ii) The home for the blind continued its work in Hong Kong but it was not registered as a school.
(iii) Some delinquent children are sent to the subsidized industrial schools and others go to the rural orphanage. Besides these registered institutions there are others which work in collaboration with the Secretariat of Chinese Affairs.
(h) Camp and Food Kitchen Schools.
The Hong Kong Refugee and Social Welfare Council devoted a great deal of its time to the education of 2,000 children in the camps and food kitchens established for refugees from China. The camp teachers were themselves refugees and lived in the camp. The Council aimed at training the children in cultivation of the land and other occupations useful in village life.
Chapter X.
MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) Co-operation with other departments.
As in former years a number of public examinations were conducted details of which will be found in General Table VI.
The previous chapter indicates the extent of the assistance received from the Medical Department. The Botanical and Forestry Department and the Public Works Department maintained buildings and grounds in good repair, the former also assisting and providing advice regarding school gardens; the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs gave advice about the financial position of applicants for Government scholarships at the local university; the Kowloon Canton Railway (British Section) provided season tickets at reduced rates for pupils requiring them. Accommodation was provided in some schools for A. R. P. classes, and the Air Raid Precautions Office co-operated in the provision of suitable equipment for schools.
0 22
(b) Co-operation with missions.
The majority of the English grant schools and a number of vernacular schools are conducted by missions. The English, Roman Catholic and non-conformist churches all participate in this work. The Government provides assistance by a capitation grant or a subsidy in many cases.
(c) Teachers Association.
Following its assistance in the revision of the School Certificate Examination syllabus in 1938, this association devoted itself to the consideration of syllabuses for all classes and recently forwarded to the Department the result of its labours. The association's scheme for visual education in schools was continued with success. and further assistance to local teachers was given by the enlargement of its library. The Education Department is under a debt of gratitude to the Association for the excellent work it rendered during the year.
(d) Registration of Schools.
A revised edition of the Education Ordinance 1913 was published during the year, but no considerable amendments were made. A new set of regulations to be made under the Ordinance was passed to come into force on 1st January, 1940.
The schools in the Colony may be classified as follows:-
I. Schools exempted from the provisions of the Education Ordinance 1913,
under section 3.
i.
Government schools.
ii. Military schools.
iii. Other schools approved by the Governor in Council. There was
only one such school, viz., St. Stephen's College.
II. Schools registered under the Education Ordinance, 1913.
i. Grant schools, English and upper grade vernacular.
ii. Subsidized schools, vernacular.
iii. Private schools, both English and vernacular. Of these, four were exempted from supervision under the Ordinance (Section 9 (i)) viz., Wing On Night School; Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company Night School; Regional Seminary, Aberdeen; Catholic Seminary, Caine Road.
(e) Adult Education.
The only organised adult education is that provided by the evening classes already described in Chapter V.
1
General Table I.
ABSTRACT STATEMENT OF INSTITUTIONS AND PUPILS.
INSTITUTIONS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUE.
OTHER INSTITUTIONS.
School Education-General
PARTICULARS.
Post
Secondary Secondary
Primary
Education.
Schools.
Schools.
Total of
Columns 3 & 4)
School
Education-
Vocational.
GRAND
Inspected.
Not
Inspected.
TOTAL.
J.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
INSTITUTIONS.
Europeans
23
Males
Non-Europeans
11
213
224
♡
655
4
886
Females Non-Europeans
Europeans
16
66
82
301
383
Mixed
Europeans
1
Non-Europeans
1
--
3
4
1
2
24
5
6
15
2
11
15
Total
29
283
312
5
10
972
10
1,299
PUPILS ENROLLED.
Males
Europeans
43
245
Non-Europeans
1,819
22,405
288
24,224
47
239
574
1,113
54,697
215
80,249
Females
(Europeans
33
235
268
53
164
485
Non-Europeans
1,665
11,348
13,013
226
23,646
36,885
Total
3,560
34,233
37,793
1,339
78,443
618
118,193
Male
Female
Table II.
PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION IN INSTITUTIONS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES.
1
Total
2
* Population (according to the latest accessible estimate).
3
4
Total number of Pupils Enrolled in Maintained
and Aided Institutions.
Percentage of
Column 3 to Column 2.
603,032
25,625
4.25
447,224
13,507
3.02
1,050,256
39,132
* Estimate at mid-year, 1939 and not including refugees from China estimated at 750,000.
3.73
1
O 24
Table IIIA.
SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939 IN VERNACULAR SCHOOLS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES AND IN UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED INSTITUTIONS.
PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND PRIMARY DEPARTMENTS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS.
AGES
1
2
3
CLASS
4
5
6
7
Male Female Male Female Male
Below 6 621 1,267 484 418
6 7 200 1,981 1,516
42
8
6
Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
1,153 1,693
TOTAL
Male Female
501
444
304
33
16
1
2
2,659
2,339
8
59
108 2,543 1,692 1,390 1,010
331
184
33
26
4,356 3,020
8.
y
8
42 2,104 1,135 1,948 1,446
992
698
206
122
31
30
8
2
5,297
3,475
O 25
9
10
N
17
10 - 11
2
18
1,844 682 1,998 1,175 1,620 1,385 472 1,728 810 1,819
973
858
419
156
109
32
17
6,510
3,392
1
948 1,374
682
610
319
174
55
7,092
3,304
11 - 12
2
3
888
286
12-13
4
518
261 1,060
1,514 596 1,793 770 326 1,433 555
1,613
840
1,157
485
500
249
7,467 3,229
1,477
602 1,226
504
866
363
6,580 2,615
13 — 14
228
126
648
-272
930
357 1,104
442 1,026
494
841
4:15
4,777 2,106
14-15
133
98
255
142
579
242 795 297 830
301
682
350 3,274 1,430
15-16
44
149
191
272
250
209
429 218
553 189
619
348 2,086 1,385
TOTAL...
894
1,960 12,152
6,835 11,218
6,361
9,786
4,952
7,890 3,650 5,589 2,431 3,722
1,799 51,251 27,988
Table IIIA.
SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939 IN VERNACULAR SCHOOLS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES AND IN UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED INSTITUTIONS.
SECONDARY SCHOOLS
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
TOTAL
AGES
Male
Female Male
Female
Male Female Male Female
Male
Female Male
Female
Male Female
Below 15
1,077
695
559
402
198
96
20
24
2
5
1,856
1,222
|
15-16
556
301
489
341
227
220
90
116
40
28
5
10
1,407
1,016
16-17
236
130
268
181
284
200
167
121
85
74
38
20
1,078
726
O 26
17-18
62
57
108
88
207
135
239
113
158
110
95
48
869
551
18-19
15
11
42
31
75
64
129
74
212
.86
124
68
597
334
19
20
2
5.
6
7
17
13
62
18
113
48
184
67
384
158
Above 20
1.
I
2
2
22
10
51
13
114
36
190
62
TOTAL...
1,948
1,199
1,473
1,051
1,010
730
729
476
661
364
5,60
249
6,381
4,069
+
Table IIIB.
NON-EUROPEAN SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939, IN ENGLISH SCIIOOLS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES. (UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED INSTITUTIONS ARE SHOWN IN TABLE IIIC.)
PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND PRIMARY OR PREPARATORY DEPARTMENTS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
SCHOOL YEARS
TOTAL
AGES
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Male Female
Male Female
Male Female
Male Female
Male Female Male Female Male
Female
Male Female
15
Below 6
85
118
1
2
3
89 120
6
7
82
68
22
12
20
1
124
81
|
7 8
41
36
47
62
43
9
1
132
107
9
11
19
37
65
62
64
11
4
7
128
152
· O 27
9
10
5
7
24
35
89
67
49
32
17
5
1
2
185
148
10
11
7
3
15
14
163
90
76
55
59
43
11
13
331
218
11-12
1
12
2
309
75
125
84
75
69
31
31
14
567
261
12-13
4
2
2
240
98
307
116
141
63
76
43
40
19
810
341
13-14
5
97
47
385
122
290
93
148
65
94
40
1,019
367
14-15
59
24
210
82
366
104
231
94
144
85
1,010
389
15-16
10
11
63
20
178
138
274
105
290
100
816
374
Above 16
14
3
23
48
73
220
125
449
129
720
364
TOTAL...
236
251
166
194
1,095
500
1,230
538
1,181
588
992
478 1,031
373
5,931
2,922
Table IIIB.
NON-EUROPEAN SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939, IN ENGLISH SCHOOLS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES. (UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED INSTITUTIONS ARE SHOWN IN TABLE IIIC.)
SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND SECONDARY DEPARTMENTS ATTACHED TO PRIMARY SCHOOLS
O 28
CLASS
TOTAL
AGES
3
2
1
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Below
12
1
1
12
13
7
I
1
8
1
13
14
36
9
8
Ι
1
44
11
14
15
53
27
23.
9
4
2
80
38
15
16
140
71
47
26
19
5
206
102
16 - 17
233
109
112
47
28
11
373
167
17
18
194
60
160
73
46
28
400
161
18
19
91
28
122
37
56
17
269
82
19
p
20
34
2
65
19
23
18
122
39
Above 20
2
I
13
2
14
11
29
14
TOTAL
790
308
551
214
191
93
1,532
615
Table IIIC,
NON-EUROPEAN SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939
IN UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED ENGLISH SCHOOLS.
PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND PRIMARY DEPARTMENTS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
SCHOOL YEARS
TOTAL
O 29
AGES
1
2
3
Male Female Male Female Male Female
4
5
6
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male
7
Female
Male Female
CO
Below 6
6 7
13
2
13
2
3
3
7- 8
9
1
5
3
1
14
5
8
9
5
6
6
2
16
1
27
9
9
CO
10
1
6
4
20
2
3
co
30
6
10 11
6
6
8
1
57
4
13
4
88
11
A
11 12
3
29
1
95
13
38
11
2
8
187
16
12-13
33
3
275
11
92
2
34
6
19
5
458
26
13
14
47
6
324
16
218
6
95
6
38
9
9
1
731
44
14-15
31
3
353
26
274
18
165
9
75
18
84
3
982
77
15 - 16
41
14
378
27
369
27
269
16
155
12
50
8
1,262
104
Above 16
70
29
522
38
560
43
520
63
274
49
219
8
2,165
230
TOTAL...
37
18
276
66
2,040
139 1,567
96
1,098
102
569
92
370
20
5,957
533
Table IIIC.
NON-EUROPEAN SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939
IN UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED ENGLISH SCHOOLS.
SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND SECONDARY DEPARTMENTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS
O 30
SCHOOL YEARS
TOTAL
AGES
1
2
3
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Below
12
12
p
13
1
1
13
14
1
14
15
1
1
15
16
1
2
2
1
3
3
16
17
4
2
4
1
2
8
5
17
18
19
1
23
4
2
1
44
6
18
19
29
2
26
5
7
5
LO
62
12
19
20
•
20
16
2
10
3
46
LO
5
Above
20
10
1
17
2
27
3
TOTAL.
83
10
88
15
19
11
190
36
-
Table IIID.
EUROPEAN SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939 IN INSTITUTIONS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES AND IN UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED INSTITUTIONS.
PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND PRIMARY DEPARTMENTS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
0 31
SCHOOL YEARS
TOTAL
AGES
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Male Female Male
Female Male
Female Male
Female Male
Female Male
Female Male Female Male Female
Below 6
42
37
1
I
43
38
6 7
19
17
16
19
1
35
37
7.
8
1
4
28
22
3
32
33
8. 9
14
3
17
19
5
10
2
1
36
25
9 — 10
1
7
8
19
16
2
29
24
10-11
11
30
11
11
1
23
41
11-12
2
6
17
11
12
5
2
1
33
23
12-13
1
1
3
3
12
15
∞
7
24
26
13-14
2
2
4
7
12
14
21
14-15
1
3
5
7
8
У
15-16
1
6
1
6
2
Above 16
2
2
TOTAL...
62
58
60
45
28
38
38
55
35
26
32
29
28
30
283
281
Table IIID.
EUROPEAN SCHOLARS BY SCHOOL YEARS AND AGES ON 31st DECEMBER, 1939 IN INSTITUTIONS MAINTAINED OR AIDED FROM COLONIAL REVENUES AND IN UNAIDED BUT INSPECTED INSTITUTIONS.
SECONDARY SCHOOL
CLASS
TOTAL
AGES
1
2
3
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Below
12
12
- 13
13
14
4
5
1
1
6
5
14
15
13
y
3
3
2
3
18
15
15
16
3
3
6
CO
9
1
6
10
18
16
17
5
LO
1
3
3
4
3
12
ས
7
17
18
2
3
2
5
2
18
19
1
1
TOTAL.
25
18
16
15
11
14
52
47
0 32
General Table IV.
ABSTRACT STATEMENT OF GROSS EXPENDITURE FROM COLONIAL REVENUES ON EDUCATION FOR THE OFFICIAL YEAR.
(There is no expenditure from local public funds).
TOTAL DIRECT EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION
TOTAL INDIRECT EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION
SCHOOL EDUCATION GENERAL
SCHOOL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL
Adminis-
Buildings
TOTAL
EXPENDITURE
Secondary
All Other
TOTAL
Schools
Training Vocational
Primary
Schools
Including Schools Primary
Schools
tration Scholar- Furniture Mis- and and
ships cellaneous
Apparatus
Inspection
ON
TOTAL
EDUCATION
and
and
Courses
Departments
Courses
1
4
5
6
7
9
10
11
12
13
14
100
ΘΑ
$
$
€9
Colonial Revenue
1,305,769.12 492,067.12 28,647.07 149,939.85
$
$
$
1,976,423.16 210,288.27 28,468.99
明
7,668.76
€9
$
$5
246,426.02
2,222,849.18
33
General Table V.
CLASS OF
INSTITUTIONS.
INSTITUTIONS UNDER PUBLIC MANAGEMENT,
Maintained from Colonial
Revenue.
Average
INSTITUTIONS AND PUPILS.
INSTITUTIONS UNDER PRIVATE MANAGEMENT.
Aided from Colonial
Revenue.
GRAND
TOTAL
GRAND
Unaided but
Inspected.
of Govt.
No. of
No. of
Pupils on
Daily
Attendance
Institutions roll on 31st December
for year
No. of
Institutions
No. of
Pupils on
Average
Daily
No. of
Average
Daily
Attendance
ending 31st
roll on 31st December
for year
No. of
Institutions
ending 31st
Pupils on roll on 31st
December
December
December
Attendance
for year
ending 31st December
Aided &
Inspected
Institutions
on 31st
December
TOTAL
of Pupils
enrolled
on 31st
December
No. OF PUPILS ON
31ST DEC. LEARNING.
a
English
vernacular
language
1
2
3
4
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
0 34 -
ENGLISH SCHOOLS
Vocational.
(i) Teacher Training
1
F.
ME
M.
24
223
24
23
223
M.
23
F.
हंब
||
M.
F.
1
2223
24
12
24
12
22
22
12
12
(ii) Trade & Commercial.
(a) Day
(6) Night
Secondary
M.
281
225
M.
M.
650
626
931
931
698
7
F.
F.
F.
120
116
120
120
120
ចិន
M.
675
M.
M.
*1
F.
82
F.
F.
M. 1,615
1,504
M. 4,560
4
13
F.
736
723
F. 2,907
4,433
2,752
M. 663
6
F.
156
18888888
74
761
761
52
5
82
82
I
622
6,838
6,838
5,622
23
153
3,799
3,799
3,204
Primary.
(a) Day
10
F.
MEN
M. 1,578
1,577
M.
2
124
127
F.
246
(6) Night
M.
F.
M.
F.
89 11
54
61
30
230
30
8888
83
F.
M.
F.
2,451
203
2,309
194
42
4,083
4,083
4,083
573
573
246
M.
3,256
182
3,037
173
83
888
3,256
182
3,256
182
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS
Vocational.
(i) Teacher Training.
M.
52
42
122
(a) Day
1
F.
F.
|
M.
81
(b) Night
*1
F.
120
FE FR
M.
F.
MEME
M.
M.
52
1
1222
F.
M.
F.
1
1.20
12188
81
120
Trade & Commerce.
(a) Day
M.
EE
M..
F.
(b) Night
F.
1
M.
M.
598
554
598
8
8
F.
F.
36
36
36
M.
M.
31
31
31
26
3
F.
F.
I
598
36
31
1
Secondary.
(a) Urban Day
2
F.
(b) Urban Night
(c) Rural Day
F.
(d) Rural Night
FR FR FR FE
M.
251
234
M. 1,154
10
171
156
F. 3,446
M.
M.
F.
M.
M.
1 ||
M.
F.
M.
F.
11
NE NE ME ZE
1,047
120
3,240
MEME MEME
M. 5,371
F. 3,079
58 11 88
5,174
2,930
132
6,776
6,696
5,861
3,536
6,776
6,696
M.
F.
M.
923
819
F.
36
30
923
36
561
32
923
3353858
36
M.
F.
O 35
Primary.
(a) Urban Day
M.
F.
11
149
M. 8,927
8,519
578
M. 36,800
35,190
727
45,727
F.
4,464
4,228
F. 17,528
16,775
21,992
12,891
2,163
45,727
21,992
(b) Urban Night
M.
M.
55
55
M.
831
752
831
18
831
55
F.
F.
F. 1,507
1,312
1,507
1,507
(c) Rural Day
M.
107
1
121
M. 6,266
5,021
M. 3,084
2,484
75
197
9,457
9,457
F.
F. 1,187
785
F.
852
522
2,039
2,039
GRAND TOTAL..
22
22
M. 4,664
F.
M. 20,961
19,081
M. 54,744
51,672
80,369
35,238
74,839
295
972
1,289
1,257
F. 12,250
11,235
F. 23,699
22,241
37,206
7,497
36,014
* Part of Evening Institute,
General Table VI.
· RESULTS OF PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS
NUMBER OF CANDIDATES
NUMBER PASSED
% PASSED
Schools
Other
Schools
Other
Schools
Other
EXAMINATION
under
Public
Management
Aided
Institutions
Institutions
& Private
Total
Study
under
Public
Management
Aided Institutions Institutions
under
& Private
Total
Public
Aided Institutions Institutions
& Private
Total
Study
Management
Study.
M. F. M. F.
M. F
M.
F.
M. F. M. F.
M.
F.
M.
F
M.
F.
M.
F.
M
F.
M.
F.
Matriculation, University of Hong Kong
77
146 63
72
5
295
77
44
3
73 39
20
0
137
42
57.1 33.1
50
62
27.7
0
46.4
54.5
Matriculation, University of London
6
2
2
6
C
1
1
0
0
50
50
0
School Certificate, Hong Kong
183
41 304
167
74
12 561
220
136
23 183
119
18
337 150
74.3 56.1 60.2 71.3 24.3
66.6
60.1 68.2
B. Sc. Special (Geography), University of London
1
1
1
1
100
100
Intermediate Science (Economics) University of London
School Leaving Certificate,
University of Cambridge
of
School Leaving Supplementary Certificate University Cambridge
London Chamber of Commerce Association of Certified & Corporate Accountants
The Corporation of Certified Secretaries
Trinity College of Music
Į
23
1
1
כא
2223
27
3
כא
1
1
1
9
1
2
2
2
N
28
28
19
19
0
O
100
100
10
50 25
39.1
33.3
44.4
37
}
}
100
100
68
68
5
5
2
2
133 students entered & passed the practical examination, 27 entered & 25 passed the theoretical examination.
* results not yet to hand.
*
*
0
36
Under Public
Management
1
2
3
General Table VII.
NUMBER AND QUALIFICATIONS OF TEACHERS.
A. ENGLISH SCHOOLS.
Primary Schools and Primary Departments
of Secondary Schools
Aided & Unaided but Inspected Institutions
Secondary Schools (excluding Primary Depts.) and Secondary Departments attached to Primary Schools
Aided & Unaided but Inspected Institutions
5
Under Public Management
4
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
40
1
20
13
30
16
47
38
31
5
2
3
CYD
39
9
WITH UNIVERSITY DEGREE.
0 37
Trained
Untrained
COMPLETED SECONDARY SCHOOL COURSE.
National Froebal Union Higher Certificate.
5
LO
Trained otherwise
38
17
67
74
5
11
46
31
Untrained
1
173
60
22
7
NOT COMPLETED SECONDARY SCHOOL COURSE.
Trained
8
8
7
6
3
4
Untrained
60
10
3
4
3
Particulars regarding staff of vocational schools & professional colleges not included.
P (1) A.R.P.
GENERAL STATEMENT ON A.R.P. DURING THE PERIOD
1st JANUARY, 1939, to 31st DECEMBER, 1939.
1. Instruction, and Advice to the Public.
During the above period the main effort of this department was devoted to carrying through an intensive training and recruiting programme, combined with a propaganda campaign, with a view to making the general public "air raid minded."
In order to carry this programme through a total of one hundred and twenty European and Chinese were trained as A.R.P. Instructors.
The course for Instructors consisted of fifty hours of theoretical and practical training.
The locally trained Instructors have proved a success.
The following personnel received instruction and qualified in A.R.P.
Wardens
2,400
Decontamination Squads
250
Rescue Squads
500
Fire Brigade
300
Road and Water Repair Parties.....
500
Police
St. John Ambulance Brigade
1,500
1,000
Miscellaneous (Clerks, cooks &c.)................
200
Total...... 6,650
In addition, a very considerable number of Government employees and personnel employed by business firms, factories, public utility companies, etc. have not only received training in protecting themselves, but also in the methods which should be employed to protect buildings and vital parts of machinery.
Over 180,000 books and pamphlets have been issued to the general public.
A successful A.R.P. Exhibition was held at the Peninsula Hotel at which over 15,000 people attended.
The Women's Air Raid Precautions Union has done an immense amount of good work during the period under review, in the way of arranging A.R.P. classes for women, and in general propaganda work.
2.
Air Raid Precautions Warning Signals.
Fourteen syrens have been erected on the Island and on the mainland, and are controlled by a single switch operated at A.R.P. Headquarters.
It is not the intention at present to supply the New Territories with syrens.
....
P (1) 2
3. Approach of Hostile Aircraft.
A system of code words has been arranged in connection with the Naval and Military Authorities, and a special telephone line for communicating such messages to A.R.P. Headquarters has been installed.
4. Air Raid Wardens.
The Colony has been divided into Warden Divisions and Districts following the existing Police organisation. Chief Wardens, Divisional Wardens, District Wardens and Wardens have been appointed to the various divisions, districts and posts.
Over 800 warden posts have been selected and the stores necessary to strengthen and protect these posts have been listed.
An Ordinance has been prepared to provide for the establishment of the Hong Kong Corps of Air Raid Wardens, and is at present with Government.
5.
Decontamination.
Stores and materials required by decontamination squads have been purchased and stored,
Sufficient personnel have already been trained in decontamination work and will operate from 8 depots, all of which have been examined and plans prepared for their protection.
6. Rescue and Demolition Partics.
Personnel for this service is not on a very satisfactory basis, both in regard to numbers and training. Eight depots have been selected and are in the course of. examination.
At Kowloon, the Kowloon Motor Bus Company and the Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Co. Ltd. have trained 250 men apiece, and also provided the necessary transport and a small amount of rescue plant.
Rescue plant etc. which cannot be obtained in the Colony has been purchased from the Crown Agents for the Colonies.
7.
Fire Brigade.
The Auxiliary Fire Brigade is almost up to strength in personnel.
Fifty per cent of the war time fire requirements have either been received or are in transit. The remaining equipment is being ordered this year.
Twenty nine auxiliary fire posts have been selected and plans prepared for their protection.
8. Police.
The majority of the Police Force have undergone a course of A.R.P. training.
All urban police stations have prepared A.R.P. schemes and the necessary number of sandbags has been issued to each Station.
Sixteen police stations have been selected for Report Centres for receiving and relaying messages in regard to air raid damage. Plans for making these Report Centres safe against all but a direct hit have been prepared and work will com- mence in 1940.
P (1) 3
A sufficient number of small flags have been supplied for the use of Police to indicate to those who may not hear the air raid warning syren--
Red flag Green flag
Air Raid alarm,
"Raiders Passed' signal.
Air Raid Damage Report Books have been printed and issued.
A list of points on the main traffic roads which during a blackout are danger- ous to vehicular traffic has been prepared, and all such points will be white-washed or painted immediately a state of emergency is declared.
9. A.R.P. Despatch Corps.
The A.R.P. Despatch Corps has been receiving regular training, and already 500 members have received instruction.
The Commissioner of the Boy Scouts Association has been supplied with details as to where the Scouts should report in time of emergency.
In addition, eight reserve depots have been established with the object of forming a pool of trained messengers.
10. Water Repairs.
The staff of the Water Department have undergone courses of A.R.P. training.
Plans have been prepared for the protection of pumping stations and other vital points, and the necessary number of sandbags has already been issued.
Piping has been purchased but not laid to connect Taikoo Reservoir to the city distribution system.
Twenty eight extra turn-cocks have been trained.
11. Road Repairs.
All personnel employed by the Roads Department have received A.R.P. training. Depots from which this personnel will operate have been selected and plans. prepared for their protection. Sandbags have already been issued.
A small quantity of bridging material has been purchased for emergency
purposes.
12. Lighting Restrictions.
13.
Regulations for the control of lighting have been prepared and published.
Medical.
St. John Ambulance Brigade have steadily increased their numbers, but a further three thousand members are still required to meet A.R.P. requirements.
Twenty one buildings have been earmarked for conversion to potential First Aid posts, and seven buildings have been selected for casualty clearing hospitals.
A quantity of medical stores and equipment have been purchased from England and further purchases will be made in 1940.
P (1) 4
Plans have been made to convert a certain number of buses into ambulances.
The building of two Cleansing Centres has been commenced and plans for further buildings of a similar nature are under examination.
Headquarters for the Director of Medical Services in time of war has been selected in the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Building.
A.R.P. plans for the protection of hospitals and other medical establishments have in a large number of cases already been prepared.
14. Schools.
Arrangements for the protection of schools, either by evacuation of the pupils or physical protection of the buildings, have been prepared.
Several A.R.P. courses for schoolmasters were arranged throughout the year.
15. Protection of Government Buildings.
Plans for the protection of Government buildings have been prepared and schemes are ready to put into force.
Sandbags have been supplied to all important Government buildings and equipment for dealing with incendiary bombs is already in store.
Certain members of the staff of each of these buildings have been trained and qualified in all aspects of A.R.P.
16. Protection of Essential Services Buildings.
The two electric companies, gas-works, and Dairy Farm have prepared their A.R.P. schemes, and their staffs have been trained in A.R.P. work.
Government has agreed to pay fifty per cent of the cost of protecting these buildings, and certain protective work and the provision of equipment has already commenced.
An estimate of the cost of connecting the Hong Kong Electric Company to the China Light and Power Co. was prepared but not approved.
17. Protection of Large Business Concerns, Factories, etc.
The owners of the above buildings have been urged with a small degree of success to provide protection for their employees. With a few exceptions all important buildings have their own staff of A.R.P. personnel.
A scheme to make the provision of shelters compulsory to owners of newly erected buildings accommodating over 50 persons has been prepared and is with the Attorney General.
18. Protection of the General Public.
Various schemes for the mass protection of the general public have been prepared but were not found practicable, both from a financial point of view and for other cogent reasons.
Government has decided that protection should only be given to those persons caught in the streets during an air raid, and to carry out this policy, a survey of the open spaces, with a view to the construction of trenches, has been made, and plans have been completed which will enable work to be undertaken immediately a state of emergency is declared.
P (1) 5 -
In addition a large number of well-constructed buildings have been earmarked as potential air raid shelters.
An evacuation scheme has been prepared by a special sub-committee appointed for the purpose.
Wardens have been instructing the residents in their sectors as to the methods. which can be adopted to make their houses reasonably safe against all types of bombs.
200,000 copies of the booklet, "The Protection of your Home against Air Raids" have been printed both in English and Chinese.
19. Communications.
Plans have been completed and telephone equipment erected for exchange in the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank.
a small
Arrangements have been made, and a temporary building constructed, to enable Cable and Wireless to operate a skeleton service within the space of a few hours.
Plans are now in the course of preparation to build a permanent bomb-proof building to house this skeleton service.
All W/T Stations have prepared A.R.P. defence schemes, and sandbags have been delivered.
The Hong Kong Telephone Company has prepared a scheme for the protection of its building and personnel.
The under-water telephone cables between Hong Kong and Kowloon have been protected at the points at which they enter the water.
Plans for the protection of moderately safe Report Centres have been prepared at the main police stations and, construction will commence in 1940.
20. Respirators and Protective Clothing.,
Sufficient respirators of all types, and protective clothing have been demanded from the Crown Agents to meet the needs of A.R.P. and Essential Services.
100,000 general civilian respirators are in store for sale to the general public, and an organisation has been set up whereby each individual requiring a respirator will be fitted and issued with instructions as to where he would draw his respirator should the need of issue ever arise.
21. Sandbags.
A total of 4 million sandbags are now stored and a further order for 4 million will be placed early in 1940.
22. Fire-fighting Appliances.
Sufficient equipment for Government buildings for fighting incendiary bombs has been purchased and is held in store.
23.
A.R.P. Exercises.
A quarterly blackout has been held throughout the year with varying degrees of success. The exercises indicate that the Colony could be blacked out within a period of two to three minutes. During these blackouts, opportunity was taken to exercise the various A.R.P. Services.
P (1) 6
A daylight exercise was held in Yaumati in which all A.R.P. Services participated. (A full report on this exercise has already been submitted.) Many valuable lessons were learnt, and the training syllabus for the various A.R.P. Services, applying these lessons, has been amended accordingly.
24. A.R.P. School.
Constructional work commenced in September on the A.R.P. School, which should be ready for occupation by March, 1940.
The building has been constructed for the following purposes :---
(a) Training School for A.R.P. Volunteers.
(b) A.R.P. Headquarter Offices.
(c) First Aid Post.
A. H. S. STEELE-PERKINS
D.A.R.P.
A
INDEX.
1. Administration
2. Architectural Office
3. Buildings Ordinance Office
4. Drainage Office
5. Electrical Office
6. Port Works Office
7. Roads Office
CONTENTS.
Page.
7
2
15
18
20
8. Valuation and Resumptions Office
9. Comparative Statement of Expenditure, 1930-1939
10. Comparative Statements of Expenditure 1938-1939-
(a) Personal Emoluments, Other Charges and Special
Expenditure
222
25
33
34
35
(b) Public Works Recurrent (showing sub-departmental
expenditure for 1939)
37
11. Statements of Expenditure-
(a) Public Works Extraordinary
38
(b) Loan Works
48
12. Crown Lands and Surveys Office
51
13. Waterworks Office
61
Appendix Q.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS FOR
THE YEAR 1939,
During the year under review the Public Works Department consisted of eleven sub-departments or offices: Accounts, Architectural, Buildings Or- dinance, Crown Lands and Surveys, Drainage, Electrical, Port Works, Roads and Transport, Valuations and Resumptions, Waterworks Construction and Waterworks Maintenance.
2. The staff of the Public Works Department comprised 134 European officers, including seven temporary officers, and 513 non-European officers, including 21 temporary officers. The number of daily paid artisans and labourers averaged 1,722.
3. These were under the administrative control of the Director and two Assistant Directors (one for Hong Kong Island and the other for the Main- land).
4. From 1st. January, 1939, the Waterworks were put on a self sup- porting basis with a separate budget. This has resulted in partial decen- tralization of the Waterworks Office from the Public Works Department. A new post of Waterworks Engineer was created and all Waterworks staff and maintenance charges appear under a new Head B of the Public Works Depart- ment Estimates.
5. The departmental report for this year is presented in a new form, each office having a separate section of its own. The expenditure incurred by each office is detailed in tables at the end of the report.
:
Hong Kong, 16th April, 1940.
A. B. PURVES,
M. Inst. C.E.,
Director of Public Works.
Q 2
ARCHITECTURAL OFFICE.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
6. Maintenance of Buildings:-Government buildings were kept in a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programme were carried out to one hundred and eighteen buildings in Hong Kong, thirty-seven buildings in Kowloon, twelve buildings in New Kow- loon and twenty buildings in the New Territories, in addition to such repairs to other buildings as were found to be necessary.
7. Improvements to Buildings:-The principal improvements carried out in Hong Kong were:-No. 154 The Peak-heating installation in drying-room; No. 297 The Peak-conversion of a bath-room and dressing room to a bedroom and provision of a new bathroom; No. 6 Homestead Flats-installation of an additional water-closet; Government House-resurfacing and alterations to garden paths; Belilios Girls' School-provision of screens to windows and water storage tank; Post Office Building-provision of additional partitions, shelves and storage racks; Central Fire Station Building-provision of partitions to form waiting rooms; Public Works Department Offices-provision of water storage tanks, partitions and storage racks; Central Police Station-conversion of a drying room to a bathroom and provision of rifle racks and shelves; Quarry Bay School-alterations to partitions; Electrical workshop, Arsenal Yard-installation of a ventilator. In Kowloon:-Hung Hom Electrical Workshop Quarters-enclosure of verandah with steel windows; Tsim Tsa Tsui Public Pier Latrine-improve- ments to internal walls and surfacing; Police Training School-provision of a larger garage; Yaumati Camber-provision of sliding gates to workshop; Central British School-provision of grilles to windows; Tsim Tsa Tsui Police Station—, renovation of store room; Kowloon Junior School-improvements to basement for use as a drill hall. In New Kowloon:-Lai Chi Kok Hospital-provision of shelving. In the New Territories:-Fanling Lodge-construction of new servant's room; Island House, Taipo-mosquito screening to servants' quarters; Lok Ma Chau Police Station-mosquito screening and improvements to drainage; Au Tau Police Station-mosquito screening.
8.
patent
Maintenance of Lighthouses:-All lighthouses were maintained in a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programme were carried out to all lighthouses.
9. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-The work carried out was as follows:-Colonial Cemetery-rebuilding of a portion of the boundary wall to Wongneichong Road; Government Quarters, Ventris Road-repairs following a small landslide; Kennedy Road Revolver Range rebuilding of a retaining wall.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
10. Central Government Store:-This work was referred to in paragraph 103 of last year's report. The scheme provides for a storage yard of about 160,000 square feet enclosed by a reinforced concrete wall. The building is of two storeys containing office accommodation and large warehouses and is con- structed of a reinforced concrete frame carried on concrete piles with concrete floors and flat roof, brick panel walls and fitted with metal windows. A detached building of one storey is provided for the storage of oils. The contract was let to Messrs. Kin Lee & Co., on 26th April and the work was nearing completion. by the end of the year. The Tung Tai Engineering Co., Ltd., were the contract- ors for the supply of the metal windows. Alterations to the adjoining building formerly the property of the Yacht Club were being carried out by Messrs. Tak Hing & Co., to provide a garage and quarters for the Asiatic staff.
11. New Sub-Station, Wanchai Gap:-This item
Wanchai_Gap:
was referred to in paragraph 208 of last year's report. The contract was let to Messrs. Sang Lee & Co., on 9th May and by the end of the year good progress had been made with the work.
•
4
"
- Q 3
12. New Government House:-Drawings were prepared for a house to be situated near Magazine Gap at a level of about 900 P.D. The site consists of an irregular spur which slopes steeply on three sides and commands a magnificent view. The precipitous nature of the ground restricted the area available for building and considerable difficulty was experienced in providing sufficient area for the accommodation required together with the ample approach and parking space necessary for a building of this nature. The plans provide for a building of three storeys containing a semi-basement, basement, ground and first floors. The semi-basement is approached by a separate entrance at the lower level for the delivery of all goods and contains offices for the custodian and clerks, kitchens, heating and air conditioning chambers, stores and an air raid shelter. Quarters for personal servants are also situated at this level. The ground floor is divided into three suites, the office suite, state suite and private suite each having separate entrances. The office suite contains offices for H.E. the Governor, the A.D.C., the Private Secretary, stenographers, waiting room and lavatory accommodation. The state suite is placed on the central axis and is entered from a wide portico. Cloak rooms are situated on each side of the entrance hall from which a wide flight of steps gives access to the inner and main stair hall. These two halls provide circulation for the reception room, dining room, ball room loggia and the large ball room from which ample egress is provided leading directly on to a spacious paved terrace overlooking the grounds and gardens. The private suite, which is self contained, is situated at the west end of the building and consists of a lounge and winter garden, a drawing room, dining room, library, writing room and one other additional room. A billiard room is situated between this suite and the state suite and has access from both. The principal rooms open out on to a wide verandah from which a broad flight of steps leads down to a grass terrace. Below this is situated an Italian garden to be laid out in formal manner with paths and flower beds and flanked on one side by a stone pergola which surmounts one of the retaining walls forming a feature of the landscape gardening. Beyond this are situated broad lawns, which, suitably terraced and planted with trees would merge into the surrounding hill side. The first floor is occupied by a private suite of bedrooms at the west end, a small suite of rooms for the A.D.C. at the east end and in the centre by guest rooms. The total number of bedrooms provided is eighteen and each has a bathroom opening from it also a large fitted clothes closet which would be air conditioned.
A contract amounting to $324,601.50 was let to Messrs. Tung Shan & Company on 17th August, which consisted of earth cutting, granite retaining walls and the foundations for the building with part of the basement, also timber framed hutments for the accommodation of the workmen to be erected at Morrison Hill. Owing to the outbreak of war in Europe it was decided on 8th September to cancel the contract and the huts which by that time had been completed, were taken over by Government to be used for other purposes.
13. Ellis Kadoorie School-conversion of annexe into gymnasium:-The work, which was commenced in April and completed in August, consisted of the conversion of a building formerly used as an evening school and included the laying of a suitable wood floor, provision of gymnasium equipment and the formation of a changing room and lavatory.
14.
Vernacular Normal and Middle School-new latrines:-New lavatory accommodation and increased playground space was provided. The work was commenced in October and completed in December.
15. Queen Mary Hospital-additions and improvements: This work con- sisted of the conversion of the food service rooms into additional ward kitchens, the fixing of grilles and bostwick gates to doors and windows, the provision of steel shelving, the fixing of special fittings to windows for blinds and the supply of notice boards. The work was carried out at different periods as circumstances permitted during the year. A car shelter was erected in brick and concrete adjoining the local medical staff quarters and an extension was made to the garage block of the nursing staff quarters. The contract was let to Messrs. Kin Lee & Company on 17th April and completed on 23rd June.
Q 4
16. Government Civil Hospital-alterations to "C" block for infant welfare centre:-Minor alterations, including the provision of various gas fittings and ad- ditional lavatory accommodation, were commenced in March and completed in June.
17. Western Market-reprovision south block:-The scheme provides for the removal of the old type of stalls and a revision of the layout with new stalls of concrete finished with terrazzo. There will be forty-nine fish stalls on the ground floor and fifty-two fruit and vegetable stalls on the first floor. General repairs including the renewal of drainage, surfacing to floors and yard, renewal of the roof covering and other necessary alterations will be undertaken. Owing to the pressure of other work it was only possible to complete the working drawings and details by the end of the year.
18. New Garage, Quarters, etc., Kennedy Town:-This item was deferred but alternative sites were under consideration.
19. Latrine, Electric Road:-It was decided to erect a small flush latrine in brick and concrete with accommodation for six males and four females. A contract was let to Messrs. Chung Lee Construction Company on 23rd October, and the work was nearing completion by the end of the year.
20. Prisons-alterations:-At Hong Kong Prison, Stanley, a concrete post and wire mesh fence with gates was erected and other minor works were carried out to sub-divide the prison. A contract was let to Messrs. Yee Lee & Company on 5th April and the work was satisfactorily completed on 19th July. At Vic- toria Gaol, alterations were carried out to the top floor of the east wing, including the erection of a concrete stair to provide accommodation for the staff in connexion with the reopening of part of the gaol as a Remand Prison. The work was commenced in April and completed in August.
21. Director's House, Royal Observatory-enclosed verandah:-The erection of a verandah to the first floor in brick and concrete was commenced in March and completed in May.
22. Mong Kok Market-(a) flush urinal, (b) store room and kitchen:--- The erection of a kitchen, flush urinal and store-room on the roof of the market was commenced in November and completed in December.
23. Ma Tau Kok Slaughter House-incinerator:-It was decided not to proceed with this item.
24. Latrine, Nam Kok Road, Kowloon City:-It was decided that the latrine should be erected in Lung Kong Road. The site selected required filling to bring it up to the road level. Working drawings for a latrine with accom- modation for thirty males and twenty females and caretaker's quarters were under preparation at the end of the year.
25.
Tai Po Kau Forest Reserve-new plant house:-This item was deferred owing to the pressure of other work.
26. Au Tau Police Station-garage:-A contract was let to Messrs. Kwok Voon & Co., on 26th September, and the work, which consisted of a brick and concrete building, was completed on 9th December.
27. Un Long-public latrine:-This item was deferred owing to the pressure of other work but the question of an alternative site was under consideration.
28. Herbarium and Library, Botanical and Forestry Office, Extension:- Minor alterations, including the provision of windows to enclose verandahs on the ground and first floors and the removal of a partition, were commenced in July and completed in November.
▼
•
·
*
•
Q 5
29. Botanical and Forestry Office, Lai Chi Kok:-A contract was let to Messrs. Tung Shan & Company on 25th October and the work, which involved the construction of an office and lavatory in brick and concrete, was completed on 11th December.
30. Bathing Shed at Kennedy Town for Government Schools:-A more suitable site was selected at North Point. Sketch plans were prepared and tenders obtained for a shed to provide changing accommodation for 120
for 120 pupils but it was decided not to proceed with the work.
31. Tsan Yuk Hospital-additions :-This item, which was referred to in paragraph 201 of last year's report, proceeded satisfactorily and was completed on 13th March.
32. Kowloon Hospital, Nurses Quarters-grilles :-Wire mesh grilles to the openings of the ground floor verandah was commenced in May and completed in June.
33. Incinerators to Police Stations:-Brick and concrete incinerators were erected at Taipo, Sheung Shui, Au Tau, Ping Shan, Sha Tau Kok, Ta Ku Ling and Lok Ma Chau Police Stations. The work was commenced in August and completed in October.
34. Tai Po Clerks' Quarters-mosquito proofing:-This item, which in- volved the provision of mosquito screens to the windows and doors of the quarters and outhouses, was commenced in April and completed in June.
35. Tai Po Land Bailiff's Quarters-instal flush system :-A water closet with drainage and a small septic tank were constructed. Work was commenced in August and completed in October.
Work was
36. Ping Shan Land Bailiff's Quarters-instal flush system:-A water closet with drainage and a small septic tank were constructed. commenced in August and completed in October.
37. Miscellaneous :-The principal items carried out under this head in Hong Kong were as follows:-Post Office Building-alterations to Medical Department offices including births and deaths registration office and strong room; Garden Road Car Park-erection of a brick and concrete shelter for chauffeurs; District Office, South, Queen's Building-provision of bench and dock; Government House-provision of a terazzo bird bath; Peak Wireless Station-erection of anemograph; No. 556 The Peak-erection of a toe wall in the garden; Quarry Bay School-coloured cement surfacing to playground; Queen's College-erection of a kitchen at the playground, Causeway Bay; Aplichau-erection of an incinerator; Upper Levels Police Station-alterations to wooden barrack huts and provision of new kitchen and bath-room. In Kowloon :-Kowloon Junior School-new fencing to playground; Tsim Tsa Tsui Police Station repairs to paths. In new Kowloon :-Kai Tak Aerodrome-erection of anemograph; Lai Chi Kok Relief Hospital-provision of blinds to children's ward. In the New Territories: -Sai Kung village-erection of an incinerator; Police Stations-provision of notice boards.
WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES.
38. Forestry Store, Kennedy Road-flush latrine :-This work, which was referred to in paragraph 121 of last year's report, was satisfactorily completed on 8th February.
39. Conversion of Victoria Hospital into Quarters :-This item was reported as completed in paragraph 197 of last year's report but it was considered necessary to carry out minor works consisting of planing floors and the provision of grilles to certain windows which were completed in March.
- Q 6
40. Kennedy Town Hospital-disinfector:-This work was referred to in paragraph 199 of last year's report. The erection of the building and the installation of the disinfector was completed in May.
41. Refugee Camp, North Point:-The camp was reported as completed in paragraph 212 of last year's report. Additional works of a minor nature were carried out and payment of the retention money was made.
42. Conversion of Public Works Department Garages into Offices: The contract for the demolition of the garage block of one storey and the erection of a building of two storeys in brick with a flat concrete roof to provide an additional 3,379 square feet of actual office accommodation was let to Messrs. Hoo Cheong & Co., on 14th April and the work was satisfactorily completed on 22nd August. The ground floor was occupied by Air Raid Precautions Department and the first floor by the Water Works Construction Office.
43. Demolition of "A" Block and Servants' Quarters, Government Civil Hospital: The work was commenced on 20th May and completed on 23rd August. The contractors were Messrs. Tung Shan & Co., from whom a credit of $15,000 was received for the old materials.
44. Conversion of Nursing Sisters' Quarters, Government Civil Hospital to a Mental Hospital:-Extensive alterations to convert the east block into three self contained flats for the staff and the conversion of the adjoining block into a mental hospital for females, was commenced in March and completed in August. Alterations were also carried out at the mental hospital for males.
45. Airing Court at Mental Hospital:-This work, which involved the erection of a wood fence, increasing the height of the existing wall, forming access with steps, the provision of a shelter in timber and garden seats to form a courtyard for the female patients was commenced in November and completed in December.
46. Conversion of Superintendent's Quarters, Government Civil Hospital into a Temporary Teachers' Training Centre:-Alterations to the existing building to provide common rooms for men and women, lecture room, laboratory, hand- work room, library and reading room, kitchen, offices and lavatories were com- menced in June and completed in September.
47. Erection of six Garages at Barker Road:-A contract for the erection of six brick and concrete garages, intended primarily to be rented by the occupants of the Government Quarters in Barker Road, was let to Messrs. Tak Hing & Co., on 22nd May and the work was completed on 2nd August.
48. Dog Kennels, Kennedy Town:-Sketch plans and working drawings were prepared for a building in reinforced concrete containing forty dog pens but it was decided not to proceed with the work.
49. Temporary Isolation Block, Kowloon Hospital:-This work was reported as completed in paragraph 216 of last year's report. The final payment only was required to be made during the year.
50. Refugee Camp, King's Park: This camp was reported as completed in paragraph 217 of last year's report. Additional works of a minor nature
were carried out and payment of the retention money was made.
51. Refugee Camp, Ma Tau Chung:-This camp was reported as completed in paragraph 218 of last year's report. Additional works of a minor nature were carried out and payment of the retention money was made.
$
+
:
是
- Q 7
52. Hospital Huts for Refugee Camps at King's Park, Ma Tau Chung and North Point:-The erection of a hut of timber construction with a concrete floor at each of the three camps, containing three wards for twelve children, four females and two males respectively, a consulting room for the medical officer, dispensary, store, lavatories and drainage, was commenced on 30th September and completed on 15th December. The contract was let to Messrs. Sang Lee & Company.
53. Kowloon Hospital, Site Formation:-A contract for the cutting down, filling and levelling of the ground to form a site for a future extension to the existing hospital, and also to form a site immediately adjoining for the New Infectious Diseases Hospital was let to Messrs. Kwan On on 13th April and good progress was made by the end of the year.
54. Prison Works:-(a) Lai Chi Kok Female Prison-Improvements:- A contract for the construction of an additional storey to the dormitory block to accommodate 100 prisoners and additions to the reception block and staff quarters was let to Messrs. Lam Woo & Co., on 17th July and was satisfactorily completed on 24th November.
(b) New Detention Camp:-Sketch plans were prepared and were under consideration at the end of the year.
(c) Stanley Gaol-Septic Tank:-The contract for the construction of an additional septic tank with contingent work was let to Messrs. Tak Hing & Company on 29th August and completed on 17th November.
(d) Stanley Gaol-Isolation block for leper prisoners: The work consisted of site formation and the erection of a one storey building in brick and concrete containing a dormitory, cell, wash house, cook house, guard room, latrines, watch tower and an exercise yard enclosed by a wire mesh fence. The contract was let to Messrs. Tak Hing & Co., on 16th October and good progress was made by the end of the year. The cutting for the site and approach road was carried out by prison labour.
55. Camp for Chinese Interned Soldiers:-The site is at Argyle Street, Kowloon, and the work consisted of the erection of a hutment camp of timber construction with concrete floors, except the kitchen which has brick walls and a roof covering of asbestos sheets, together with water and fire services, drainage, channels, recreation ground and approach road. The camp is surrounded by a wire mesh fence with barbed wire entanglements and seven sentry watch towers are provided. There are eleven sleeping huts with accommodation in each for seventy two persons; one dining hut; one kitchen with store and office; one sanitary block containing latrines, ablution and wash house; one hospital hut with an office for the medical officer, three wards for eight, four and two persons respectively, dispensary, store and latrines; two huts for the outer and inner police guards with an office, quarters, mess room, kitchen, store and lavatories; a gate keeper's hut; lock up; incinerator and refuse bunker. The contract was let to Messrs. Tung Shan & Company on 17th October and the work was satis- factorily completed on 15th December.
56. Lai Chi Kok Cholera Hospital-flush system:-The provision of water closets and drainage system to all blocks was delayed owing to a cholera epidemic but was completed in December. The question of providing a sewage chlorination system was under consideration.
57. Lai Chi Kok Hospital-mosquito screening:-The provision of mosquito screening to the windows and doors of the Relief Hospital was commenced in September and completed in November.
LOAN WORKS.
58. Central Market:-This work, which was referred to in paragraph 234 of last year's report, proceeded satisfactorily and was completed on 29th April.
Q 8
OTHER WORKS.
59. Waglan Lighthouse:-The building of a Diaphone house was carried out in conjunction with the Harbour Department who installed a new Diaphone fog signal. The work was commenced in July and completed in September.
60. La Salle College, Kowloon:--This building was converted for use as an Enemy Aliens Internment Camp just prior to the outbreak of war. The work carried out included the erection of a perimeter barbed wire fence, sentry towers, lights, grilles, and gates.
61. Hong Kong Prison, Stanley:-The erection of barbed wire fencing and the conversion of a store into a kitchen was carried out as it was then considered possible that a part of the prison would be temporarily used for internment purposes.
62. Marina House, Queen's Road: In order to provide additional office accommodation for censors necessitated by the outbreak of war, the ground floor of this building was leased and the Government Assessment Office was transferred from the Post Office Building. The work carried out consisted of the erection of internal partitions, storage racks and artificial lighting.
TOWN PLANNING.
63. A revision was made to the layout at Kowloon Tsai. No other schemes or revisions of any importance were prepared during the year, development having been in accordance with the recommendations of the Town Planning Committee of 1922 or with amendments and additions previously reported.
น
"
.
Index.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, HONG KONG.
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1939.
CONTENTS.
Part I.
Part II.
Chapter
I.
35
JJ
II.
III.
IV.
""
V.
Outstanding events of the year.
Legislation, Administration and Control.
Finance.
Primary Education-Boys.
Secondary Education-Boys.
Post Secondary Education.
Training of Teachers-Male. Training Schools and Colleges.
VI.
>>
VII.
""
VIII.
Female Education.
وو
IX.
Physical and Moral Welfare.
X.
Miscellaneous.
""
Table
I.
Abstract statement of Institutions and Pupils.
II.
,,
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وو
وو
""
IIIA.
Percentage of population enrolled in Institutions maintained or
aided from Colonial Revenue.
Scholars in Vernacular Schools by School Years and Ages on 31st
December, 1939.
IIIB. Non-European Scholars in Maintained or Aided English Schools by School Years and Ages on 31st December, 1939.
IIIC.
IIID.
IV.
V.
Non-European Scholars in Unaided but Inspected English Schools
by School Years and Ages on 31st December, 1939.
European Scholars by School Years and Ages on 31st December,
1939.
Abstract statement of Gross Expenditure from Colonial Revenues
on Education for the official year 1939.
Institutions and Pupils.
VI.
Results of Public Examinations.
VIIA.
VIIB.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
Appendix I.
Number and Qualifications of Teachers, English Schools.
Number and Qualifications of Teachers, Vernacular Schools. Gross Expenditure on Institutions maintained by Government and
Net Cost per Pupil.
Gross Expenditure on Institutions aided by Government.
Statement of Fee rates, Rules governing exemptions from fees and
Scholarships.
Teachers by Nationality and Race.
Statement showing Administrative Staff of the Education
Department.
Diagram illustrating the relationship of the various Institutions.
:
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, HONG KONG.
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1939.
PART I.
PREFACE.
[Please see Part I of the Report for 1938]
PART II.
Chapter I.
OUTSTANDING EVENTS OF THE YEAR.
1. The continued unsettled condition in China caused by the Sino-Japanese conflict was responsible for a further influx of both Chinese and Europeans, and the maximum enrolment in all classes of schools reached the new record of 118,193, an increase of 14,059 over the enrolment of the previous year, which was itself a record.
2. The Teachers Training College was opened on 18th September; at present it is housed in temporary quarters but new buildings are expected to be ready by September, 1940.
3. In consequence of the opening of the Teachers Training College, no new normal classes were formed at the Vernacular Normal and Middle School and the Vernacular Normal School for Women. These two schools, which are in process of being converted into ordinary vernacular schools without normal classes, have been renamed Saiyingpun Vernacular School for Boys and Eastern District Vernacular School for Girls.
4. After the outbreak of war in September, 1939 the work of the Depart- ment and the schools was handicapped by changes of staff; a number of teachers were employed on defence duties, and temporary substitutes had to be engaged to fill the vacancies.
Chapter II.
LEGISLATION, ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL.
1. Legislation.
A revised edition of the Education Ordinance 1913 was published during the year,
but no considerable amendments were made. A new set of regulations under the Ordinance was passed during the year, to come into force on 1st January, 1940; these new regulations prescribe a more satisfactory standard of sanitation and hygiene and lay down minimum qualifications for teachers of English.
02
The Board of Education met 5 times during the year and gave considerable attention to a new grant code whereby the existing capitation grant would be replaced by one based on the difference between fee income and approved expen- diture.
The Board also approved in principle the inclusion of women in the school inspectorate.
Mr. C. G. Sollis, Acting Director of Education and Mr. W. L. Handyside, Acting Senior Inspector of Schools, were confirmed in the substantive appoint- ments.
During the year the heads of two schools went on leave prior to retirement after long and loyal service. Mrs. P. Y Stark had been headmistress at Belilios Public School for four years and altogether served in the Education Department for twenty six years. Mr. William Kay, M.A., completed twenty five years service, being Headmaster, King's College during the last four years with the exception of eight months when he acted as Director of Education. During his headmastership at King's College he devoted much time to the revision of the teaching of English, and considerably extended the library.
Miss N. W. Bascombe was appointed to the vacant post at Belilios Girls School, receiving the new title of Principal. Mr. Wallington was appointed to act as principal at King's College. Rev. G. E. S. Upsdell became principal at Central British School and Mr. T. R. Rowell was appointed Principal, Teachers Training College when it opened in September. Mr. M. G. O'Connor acted as Principal, Queen's College, in the place of Mr. F. J. de Rome who was seconded for war work.
Four officers who were on leave during the year took refresher courses and another investigated the possibilities of school broadcasting in Hong Kong.
To fill vacancies caused by retirement four male and three female officers were recruited from England.
Chapter III.
FINANCE.
The following are the comparative figures for 1938 and 1939.
Expenditure.
Provided Schools
1938.
$1,539,345.54
1939.
$1,562,611.16
Aided Schools
387,205.00
413,812.00
Direction and Inspection
208,295.87
217,957.03
Students in Training at University
24,661.70
28,468.99
Miscellaneous
$2,159,508.11
$2,222,849.18
Revenue.
School Fees Collected (Provided Schools only)
Net Expenditure
280,863.50
$1,878,644.61 . $1,936,522.68
286,326.50
Further details of the expenditure will be found in Tables IV, VIII and IX.
1
0 3
Chapter IV.
A
PRIMARY EDUCATION-Boys.
1. Schools for Europeans:-
The schools for Europeans fall into three groups:
(i) Military schools.
(ii) Government schools.
(ii) Private (unaided) schools.
(i) Military Schools. The Government schools and private schools are inspected by Government inspectors but the military schools are independent of the Hong Kong Government, being staffed by members of the Army Education Service under the supervision of an officer who, hitherto, has served on the Board of Education. These military schools, of which there were 6 in 1939, provide a primary education for the children of garrison families; they are mixed schools. Eight Government Free Scholarships tenable at the Central British School are awarded annually at these schools on the results of the annual examination.
(ii) Government Schools. As in 1938 there were three purely primary schools for European boys and girls of ages five to nine, one being situated on the Peak, one at Quarry Bay and the other in Kowloon. Arrangements were made with the bus companies to provide special school buses to transport children living at a distance. The fees at these schools were $105 per annum at the Peak School and $60 per annum at the other two schools. Most of the teachers at these schools were holders of National Froebal Union higher certificates. The salary for permanent European mistresses is £330-£700 per annum (attained after 20 years service), with posts of senior mistress at £750 per annum. Ordinarily no pupil may remain at one of these junior schools when over ten years of age.
For those children who wish to continue their education in Hong Kong after this age Government provides the Central British School, Kowloon, in which there are two "Remove" classes for those children who:-
(a) are too old to remain at, or to be admitted to the junior schools.
(b) cannot immediately be placed in the other primary school forms
owing to temporary lack of accommodation.
(c) require individual tuition to prepare them for higher forms.
During the winter, when there is morning and afternoon school and children have insufficient time to return home in the tiffin interval, lunches are provided in the dining hall at a low charge by the manager of the tuck shop; accom- modation is also available for those children who bring their own food. More information concerning the Central British School will be found in Chapter V.
(૫) (i) Private Schools. The American missionary school at Cheung-chau-an island ten miles from the centre of Hong Kong-for children evacuated from North China owing to the Sino-Japanese hostilities continued as in 1938. The syllabus followed the American system from grade school to high school, and the subjects taken included Latin, biology, economics, French and German, English, mathematics, art, history, civics and geography. It had a maximum enrolment of 35 during the year, including both boys and girls.
The other private schools for Europeans were three kindergartens with a combined enrolment of 35.
0 4
2. Schools for Asiatics:-
1. English Schools (Schools in which the English language is the principal medium of instruction).
These fall into three groups:-
i. Government schools.
ii. Aided schools.
iii. Unaided schools.
i. Government maintained seven primary English schools, the same number as in 1938. These were the Ellis Kadoorie School, Wantsai School, Yaumati School, Gap Road School, Taipo School, Cheung Chau School-all for Chinese boys and the Ellis Kadoorie Indian School for Indian boys. In addition there were primary divisions at Queen's College and King's College.
The classes in English schools are numbered from Class 8 (the lowest) to Class 1 (the highest, which is of matriculation standard). The break between the primary and secondary divisions was formerly considered to fall at the end of Class 4; but during the year a rearrangement was begun and will be completed in 1940, whereby the primary division will comprise classes 8 to 5 inclusive, and the secondary division classes 4 to 1 inclusive.
Chinese pupils admitted to Class 8 must be not more than twelve years old. The entrance examinations were made uniform under the supervision of the Inspector of Vernacular Schools. Tests were given in Yik Man (translation from colloquial Chinese to the literary language), Chinese reading, arithmetic, and— as an experiment-in intelligence, a standard norm having been obtained by tests of previous class eights. The standard of the examination was that which should be reached by a pupil after four years in a local vernacular school. Some indication of this standard is given by the arithmetic syllabus, namely the four simple rules; decimals; Chinese money, weights and measures; time and calendar.
During the year the experiment was begun of using Cantonese as the medium of instruction for subjects other than English in some of the classes 8 and 7. Clearly it will be some years before the results are apparent. At the end of class 5 there is a qualifying examination for pupils wishing to continue their studies at one of the Government secondary schools. On the results of this examination a maximum of thirty five Government free scholarships tenable at King's College or Queen's College are awarded annually. Normally, a pupil is superannuated from school who has twice failed to gain promotion whether in the same standard or in two different standards.
Ellis Kadoorie School, the largest of these primary schools had a maximum enrolment of 497. With three other similar schools (Wantsai, Yaumati and Gap Road Schools) it provided a primary education in the urban districts for a maximum of 1,078 boys. During the year a new gymnasium was opened at Ellis Kadoorie School.
Cheung Chau and Taipo, schools in the New Territories, had a much lower enrolment, 87 and 127 respectively, and suffered many absences from malaria. They comprise classes 8, 7 and 6 only. These schools have boy scout troops. which are very popular, and school gardens.
A
- 0 5
Handwork, art and singing have been introduced in all schools as far as staff is available and it is no small change for scholars to be really interested in these activities. An evening class for training teachers in handwork was begun. Singing was supervised by a part time singing master. The full time appoint- ment of music master remained unfilled during the year. Further extension of art, handwork and music must await the training of more teachers in this important branch of education. Mathematics is confined to Arithmetic with simple work in algebra and geometry and, though text books from England are used, due attention is paid to exercises in local currency and measures. In English increasing emphasis is laid on oral work, the majority of schools using either West's "New Method" course or Dr. Faucett's "Oxford English Course"; but finally all oral work depends on the speech of the teachers, and this is gradually showing improvement.
The Ellis Kadoorie Indian School had a maximum enrolment in 1939 of 203 in classes ranging from 10 to 5. Many special difficulties had to be dealt with. Many pupils are sons of policemen, watchmen and soldiers. Some are locally born and some migrate from Indian with their fathers' regiment. As a conse- quence there is considerable disparity between their attainments in their vernacular and English and a greater age range than in the schools for Chinese boys. In physique there are even greater differences. Oral English in this school reaches a somewhat better standard, probably because some English is spoken in many of the homes. Many of these Indian pupils are also familiar with Cantonese.
At the Government primary schools for Chinese and the corresponding classes (viz. classes 8 to 5) at King's College and Queen's College, the school fees are $5 (six shillings and three pence) per mensem; at the Ellis Kadoorie School for Indians, $2 (two shillings and six pence) per mensem. The fees at the rural schools, Cheung Chau and Taipo, are 50¢ and $1 per mensem respectively.
Anglo-Chinese masters and vernacular masters in all Government schools are on a salary scale rising from $900 per annum to $6,000 (£375) per annum in twenty eight years, the majority having received their training at the Evening Institute teachers classes; but Anglo-Chinese masters of this class have ceased to be recruited since 1930. Chinese university-trained masters-that is those trained at the University of Hong Kong and occasionally other universities-are on a scale rising from $1,800 to $6,000 per annum, the maximum being reached in twenty two years. University-trained mistresses teaching in Government schools are on a scale rising from $1,320 to $3,000 (£187) per annum in fourteen years; salaries of assistant vernacular mistresses rise from $420 to $2,400 (£150) per
annum.
ii. Aided schools. There were seven grant-in-aid English boys' schools which had primary departments in addition to secondary. With one exception they were all managed by missions. The pupils included Chinese, Portuguese and Eurasian boys. In addition to these boys schools eight aided English girls' schools educated young boys in their lowest classes. The syllabus of work in these schools was very similar to that in the Government schools but boys progressed from the primary to the secondary departments on the results of class examina- tions; there was no general examination at the end of class 5 as in Government schools.
La Salle College main building was requisitioned by the military authorities on the outbreak of war but classes were continued, under great difficulty, in outbuildings.
Physical training, handwork and singing were extended in many of these schools and six of the schools enjoyed the benefits of visual education using apparatus hired locally by the Teachers Association and films owned by the same organisation. Films were American and English and illustrated work in hygiene, geography (physical and travel) and elementary science. The experiment justi- fied extension of the scheme but further practice in the use of films is required. It should be mentioned that King's College and Queen's College also subscribed to the scheme.
0 6
Six of the boys schools and four of the girls schools had hostels or boarding establishments but day scholars were also admitted.
The fees in these schools varied from $4 to $6 (5s/- to 7s/6d-) per mensem; the percentage of pupils wholly exempted from fees varied from 3% to 7% and the number of scholarship holders from 2% to 25%
iii. Private unaided. In 1939 there were 20 day schools for boys (one being situated at Un Long in the New Territories) of this class; all followed the syllabus of the Government English primary schools. In general they cater for those who cannot gain admittance to the Government or grant schools because of over age or lack of accommodation at those schools. The fees in these schools were generally low ($2 per mensem or less) and this attracted many of the poorer students who could not win scholarships in the Government or grant schools.
In addition there were 78 night schools where boys received a primary education in English and elementary arithmetic. Most of these night schools found accommodation in premises used by vernacular day schools.
2,416 boys attended the day schools whilst 3,256 boys attended the night schools.
II. Vernacular Schools.
(a) Urban Districts:-
There were no Government vernacular primary schools.
The number of private primary schools for boys at the end of the year was 494, 92 subsidised, and 402 non-subsidised; of these latter 377 were day schools and 25 night schools. The maximum attendance at these 494 schools was 47,164 and the average attendance 45,026..
There were two kinds of subsidised schools:-
(i) those run by public institutions (missionary and charitable bodies and tradeguilds etc.) for the benefit of the poor. These were either free or charged only a nominal fee-50¢ to $1 (1s/3) per
mensem.
(i) Schools run by Government-trained teachers and charging low fees.
The subsidies given to these schools were approximately half of the difference between expenditure on rents and salaries and income from fees, the total subsidies paid during 1939 being $49,380, i.e. $536.70 per school or $5.50 per pupil on the average.
Besides these subsidised schools already mentioned there was a mixed school (19 boys and 18 girls) in Kowloon city for the deaf and dumb which received a subsidy of $720 per annum.
The non-subsidised schools were mostly run by private teachers who tried to make a living out of them; the fees charged varied from $1.00 to $4.00 per
mensem.
The length of the primary course in these vernacular schools is 6 years-4 years lower primary and 2 years higher primary-but not every school provides a full course. Old type schools where only Chinese literature is taught are no longer found: in all existing schools the curriculum includes, besides Chinese, at least the two "modern" subjects-arithmetic and geography; English is not usually taught until the middle school stage. These schools are attended by all classes of boys, and those who intend to enter English schools are expected to finish the lower-primary course. For use in these schools the Government issues. a series of Hong Kong Chinese Readers.
"
CENTRAL MARKET, HONG KONG.
- Q 9
Rec
Q 10
VEGETABLE STALL.
FRUIT STALL.
CENTRAL MARKET, HONG KONG.
•
{
Q 11
BEEF STALL.
POULTRY STALL'.
CENTRAL MARKET, HONG KONG.
198
Q 12
GOVERNMENT STORE, HONG KONG,
-
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13
www.
GOVERNMENT STORE
GOVERNMENT STORE, HONG KONG.
64.
Q 15
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE.
During the year the building industry continued to improve and has now apparently recovered from the slump which has prevailed during recent years. The disturbed conditions in China have continued to contribute to this recovery.
65. The graphs attached in this report (Table a) show the number of plans (including new works and works of alteration) approved, and the number of domestic buildings completed during the period 1905-1939.
66. Occupation permits were issued for 207 Chinese tenement type houses; 112 comprising 395 flats, and ninety five comprising 355 flats, were erected in Kowloon and Hong Kong respectively.
67. Permits for European type houses amounted to 173, of which 135 providing accommodation for 439 families, and thirty eight providing accom- modation for 212 families were erected in Kowloon and Hong Kong respectively.
68. A comparative statement for the number and type of building in respect of which plans were deposited is given in Table b.
69. The number of water flushed sanitary appliances approved during the year amounted to 1,385.
One
70. During the year seven fires occurred of which two were serious. occurred on the 27th November at Numbers 464/466, Queen's Road West. No. 466 was entirely gutted and the second floor of No. 464 was badly burned. These were three storey buildings with floors, stairs and roof constructed of wood. There was no access to the roof. Casualties were seven dead and five seriously injured.
71. A fire broke out on the evening of 3rd December, in which houses Numbers 478, 480 and 484, Shanghai Street were involved. The fire was intense and spread rapidly. At house No. 478, the roof and top floor were effected, and No. 480 was completely gutted as were the first, second and third floors of No. 482. The buildings are of four storeys with three storied verandahs to Shanghai Street and four storied balconies to Soy Street. Floors and stairs were of wooden construction, the balconies and verandahs being of reinforced concrete. The stairs had a straight run from ground to top floors. Fire escapes were approved and erected on the verandahs in 1931. Casualties were forty six dead and fifteen injured.
72. It is noted that among the plans for alterations to existing buildings submitted during the year a considerable number have been for replacement of wooden stairs, floors and roofs by reinforced cement concrete.
73. On the 8th May, the roof of a cook-house on Pokfulam Dairy Lot No. 1 collapsed causing serious injury to four coolies. The collapse appeared to have been due to the reinforcement having rusted away.
74. A collapse occurred at No. 2 Caine Road on 22nd May. The rafters at one portion of the roof failed owing to dry rot and that part of the roof fell. Two people were injured.
75. On the 3rd October, the first floor of No. 39, Morrison Hill Road, collapsed, causing slight injuries to two persons. Defective china fir joists were found to be the cause of the collapse.
76. An old house on Lot 6400, S.D.1 Main Street, Tung Tau Village, collapsed during typhoon weather on 23rd November. Casualties were two dead and one injured.
Q 16
77. During the year ten landslips were reported, one of which resulted in the death of a coolie.
78. The reclamation on T.W.M.L. 8 at Tsun Wan was still in hand, though little progress had been made.
79. The Chinese cemeteries in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were maintained in good order throughout the year.
80.
Extensive development of the No. 7 Cemetery (Customs Pass) was continued in order to accommodate all Kowloon burials.
81. Few burials took place at Chai Wan Cemetery, the main volume being provided for in the newly formed Chai Wan (extension) Cemetery.
82.
An extension to Kailung Wan East Cemetery was gazetted in August. 83. Owing to the difficulty in obtaining additional areas for cemetery extensions on the Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon) a scheme to provide a large cemetery area in the New Territories was under consideration.
Table c shows the number of notices dealt with in connexion with dangerous structures, miscellaneous works, private street improvement and
84.
nuisances.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
85. Maintenance of Chinese Cemeteries:-Work carried out under this head is covered by paragraph 80 of this report.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
86. Work carried out under the following heads consisted of the construc- tion of the usual pathways, terracing and channelling:-Chai Wan Cemetery Extension-Development; Chinese Cemeteries-Laying out new areas; New Kow- loon Cemetery No. 7 (Customs Pass); Hammer Hill urning ground.
Table a.
CURVE INDICATES
NUMBER OF DOMESTIC BUILDINGS COMPLETED
ANNUAL
TOTAL
50
258
149
140
145
148
86
195
220
334
NN
MMM.
312
335
406
457
415
579|
726
985
| 955|
1771
814
459
506
694
6001
428
2000
1.750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
O
YEAR
1905
90
07
80
60
1910
11
12
1920
21
22
23
24
56
28]
NNNN
162
32
33
| 376|
1472
1091
34
365
35
270
36
237
37
168
38
211
39
1930
31
&
T
Q 17
Table b.
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE; BUILDINGS FOR WHICH PLANS WERE DEPOSITED.
Buildings etc.
1938
1939
Increase. Decrease.
New European Houses
185
256
71
New Chinese Houses
180
286
106
New Buildings and Structures other than above.
440
572
132
Alterations and Additions to existing buildings.. 2,000 2,130
130
Verandahs
97
179
82
Balconies
80
172
92
Sunshades
1
1
Canopies
4
4
Piers
1
1
Wells
316 344
28
3,304 3,943
641
2
Table c.
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE; NOTICES SERVED AND PERMITS ISSUED.
1938 1939
Increase. Decrease.
Dangerous Structure Notices
156
173
17
Miscellaneous Notices
554
716
162
Private Street Improvement Notices. "including footpaths under verandahs and balconies"
136
142
6
Notices in respect of nuisances reported by
Officers of the Sanitary Department
New Permits issued
Permits renewed
1,886
1,951
65
474
423
51
95 119
24
Q 18
DRAINAGE OFFICE.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
87. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, etc.:-Sewers, storm water drains, and trained nullahs generally were cleansed, repaired and maintained in good condition throughout the Colony. Open nullahs and channels were cleansed by the Sanitary Department. Automatic flushing tanks were operated during periods of low tide. Normal sand deposits were cleared as they occurred. Septic tanks in Hong Kong at Lugard Road, Repulse Bay, Deep Water Bay and Farm Lots Nos. 29 and 30 Pokfulam were periodically sludged. The septic tank and its pumping plant on the foreshore at North Point were maintained in working order. Many defective traps, gullies, gratings, etc., were renewed.
88. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-Sand deposits resulting from heavy rainstorms were removed from the large nullahs and storm-water drains throughout the Colony and conveyed to approved dumps. The main nullahs treated in Hong Kong were Wongneichong between Sing Woo and Gloucester Roads, Sookunpoo around the playing field area and at Aberdeen. Those treated in Kowloon and New Kowloon were situated at Waterloo Road, Kai Tak, Sung Wong Toi, Gascoigne Road, Nelson Street, Argyle Street, Mong Kok, Tonkin Street, Hing Wah Street, Kom Tsun Street and open cut off same.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
89. Latrine, Electric Road:-A sewer connexion was given to this latrine.
90. Wongneichong Development:-The contract for the construction of the main nullah between Blue Pool and Tai Hang Road was completed on the 26th June, 1939. The work consisted of 340 feet of invert, 340 feet of walling and 174 feet of reinforced concrete arching. New sewers and storm water drains, varying in size from 21" to 6" in diameter, were constructed to a total length of 468 feet.
91. North Point Reclamation-sewer extension-This work was referred to in paragraph 129 of last year's report:-Similar conditions were experienced as in the previous year and no work was commenced.
92. Anti-Malarial Works-This work was referred to in paragraphs 146, 163, 182 and 194 of last year's report:-In Hong Kong, work was temporarily completed at Pokfulam between the Queen Mary Hospital and Sandy Bay, 2,160 feet of channel were trained in this area varying in diameter from 45′′ to 12′′. ($7,000 was transferred from savings on this vote to enable the Hon. Director of Medical Services to carry out temporary nullah training at Pat Heung, Lai Chi Kok and Kowloon City).
93.
General Works, Drainage (a) Training Nullahs:-In Hong Kong, the parapet walling of Tong Shui Road, North Point was extended for a distance of 500 feet and for a length of 102 feet at Kennedy Road. An experimental "Ceylon Flushing Syphon" and Dam were constructed at Mount Cameron. Various channels of 18′′ and 15" in diameter were constructed to a total length of 190 feet. In Kowloon, 486 feet of parapet walling was constructed. In the New Territories at Un Long, seventeen feet of double walling, 370 feet of single walling and invert, together with 5,000 square feet of nullah decking were built. A 45′′ diameter storm-water drain to a length of 310 feet was laid at Castle Peak.
94. General Works, Drainage (b) Miscellaneous:-In Hong Kong, new sewers and storm water drains, varying from 18" to 6" in diameter, were constructed to a total length of 4,163 feet and 129 drain connexions were made. In Kowloon, new sewers and storm water drains, varying from 30" to 6" in
Q 19
diameter, were constructed to a total length of 4,405 feet and 173 drain con- nexions were made. A 6" diameter sewer was relayed in 9′′ diameter for a length of 304 feet. In New Kowloon, new sewers and storm water drains, varying from 33′′ to 6′′ in diameter, were constructed to a total length of 2,927 feet and 124 drain connexions were made. A 6′′ diameter sewer was relayed in 9" diameter for a length of 344 feet. In the New Territories, new 6" diameter sewers were constructed to a total length of 411 feet and nineteen drain connexions were made.
WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES.
95. Blue Pool Estate-sewers and nullahs:-This work was referred to in paragraph 209 of last year's report:-The expenditure was used to augment the amount allotted under Head 31, P.W.E. Sub-head 40, Wongneichong Develop- ment, and was spent chiefly in the construction of the nullah between Blue Pool and Tai Hang Roads.
96. Praya East Reclamation-This work was referred to in paragraph 211 of last year's report:-New sewers and storm water drains, varying from 15′′ to 6′′ in diameter, were constructed to a total length of 178 feet, together with contingent works.
97. Wooden Huts, Argyle Street: -Two sewer and three storm water connexions were laid.
98.
Re-alignment of open cut for storm water-Lai Chi Kok:-A contract for the construction of this work was awarded to Messrs. Kwok Voon & Co, on 28th of September. Work commenced on the 6th October and by the end of the year approximately 23,000 cubic yards of excavation in earth, boulders and rock was carried out.
99.
Weighbridge at Kai Tak Airport:-One storm water drain connexion was made to the adjacent nullah.
100. Medical Observation Huts for Refugee Camps at North Point, King's Park and Ma Tau Chung:-Three connexions were made to the existing
sewers.
101. Drainage Extensions, Connexions: Some seventy extensions and con- nexions to both sewers and storm water drains were carried out at applicants' expense in Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories.
LOAN WORKS.
102. New Central Market:-Several sewer and storm water drain con- nexions, gullies and contingent works were completed.
OTHER WORKS.
103. A 9" sewer to a length of 1,220 feet was laid from north end of Grampian Road past the Hau Wong Temple to the north-west corner of New Kowloon Cemetery No. 1. The cost was charged to a Military Vote.
104. Some 100 miscellaneous works were carried out throughout the Colony for, and charged to votes under the control of, the Executive Engineer i/c Roads Office.
- Q 20
་
ELECTRICAL OFFICE.
105. Lift Maintenance, Government Buildings:- maintained in good order.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
Eighteen lifts were
106. Maintenance of Buildings:-Electrical installations were maintained in good order. 2,871 fans, 128 motors, 3,451 light and power points, 651 radiators and 201 appliances were cleaned and overhauled.
Additions and alterations to 132 points were carried out in thirty three buildings; 7,777 points in 133 buildings were tested and ninety five inventories of electrical fittings revised and issued.
Typhoon lanterns at Lyeemun, Gough Hill, Harbour Office, Waglan and Gap Rock lighthouses and alarm bell and lightning conductor systems in Government buildings were maintained in satisfactory condition.
107. Improvements to Buildings:-Two air conditioning units were installed. in His Excellency the Governor's office at Government House whilst numerous improvements and additions were carried out in various buildings.
108. Maintenance of Telephones including all Cables:-The whole system of communications, including main and sub-exchanges, submarine and land cables, aerial routes, all lines and instruments including those of the Kowloon-Canton Railway, and office intercommunication systems were maintained in good order. Alterations and improvements were effected on various existing lines and several additional telephones were installed.
109. Street Lighting:-All electric traffic control lights, and traffic beacon lights, were maintained in good order.
110. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages: - Repairs were carried out to electric light wiring and telephone aerial routes at No. 406 Peak, Tytam, Shek O, Victoria Peak districts, Kowloon and Lantau Island.
111. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers: The electrical installations. for the hoists at the following ferry piers were maintained in good order:― Jubilee Street, Jordan Road, Mongkok Tsui, and Sham Shui Po.
112. Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Piers at Jubilee Street and Jordan Road: The electrical installations at the ferry ramps and hoisting gear were maintained and operated in a satisfactory manner.
113. Maintenance of Lighthouses:-Electrical installations at Gap Rock and Waglan Lighthouses were maintained in good order.
114. Maintenance of Water Works:-Motors at Bowen Road mechanical filter and Elliot filter beds and in all pump houses were maintained in good order.
No. 5, Garden Road, Albany and Garden Road pump stations were wired for six lights and two radiators, and one 16 H.P. motor was installed at Bowen Road filter plant.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
115. Electric installations were carried out or were in progress under the following Public Works Extraordinary items:-Central Government Store and Conversion of former Yacht Club into Quarters; New Police Sub-Station, Wanchai Gap; Ellis Kadoorie School, conversion of Annexe into Gymnasium;
•
h
A
Q 21
Queen Mary Hospital, additions and improvements; Government Civil Hospital, alterations to "C" Block for Infants Welfare Centre; Western Market-Reprovi- sion South Block; Latrine, Electric Road; Prison, Alterations, old Victoria Gaol; Tsan Yuk Hospital, additions and alterations.
116. Miscellaneous:-Various alterations to electrical installations were carried out in 127 buildings. Thirty nine fans, twenty two telephones, thirty nine lights, eight power sockets, fourteen bell circuits and one radiator were installed in seventy six buildings.
117. Rewiring of Government Buildings:-The following four buildings were rewired; total number of points, 779-Buildings Ordinance Offices, Public Works Department; Wanchai Government School; Tsim Sha Tsui Police Station; Kowloon Disinfecting Station.
118. No. 2 Police Station-Switchboard:-No work was done since the necessary equipment had not arrived by the end of the year but certain Crown Agents' charges were met.
119. Air Raid Precautions:-Additions to the electrical installations were carried out in Government House and work in the Air Raid Precautions Training School and Casualty Clearing Stations at Queen Mary and Kowloon Hospitals was in progress.
WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES.
120. Electrical installations were carried out in the following new works:- Conversion of Nursing Sisters' Quarters, Government Civil Hospital to Mental Hospital, conversion of Public Works Department garages into offices, con- version of Superintendent's Quarters, Government Civil Hospital to Teacher's Training Centre, Medical Observation Huts for Refugee Camps at North Point, King's Park and Ma Tau Chung, camp for Chinese interned Soldiers, and Lai Chi Kok Cholera Hospital. Altogether 634 points, nine telephones, and one five- line switchboard were provided.
LOAN WORKS.
121. Central Market:-The completion of the electrical installation was carried out; total number of points 525.
One lift, 479 lights, forty power sockets, six fans and one telephone were installed.
122. Garden Road Pumping Station:-Five electric lights, four wall sockets, one electric clock and three 98 H.P. motors were installed.
123. Albany Road Pumping Station:-Eight electric lights, four wall sockets, one electric clock and three 33 H.P. motors were installed.
124. Electrical installations in Tytam Tuk pumping station and bungalow were rewired; total number of points, 234.
OTHER WORKS.
125. Marina House, Assessment Office: Forty-two electric lights, thirty- nine wall sockets, fourteen fans, six electric clocks, six radiators and four bells were installed.
126. Air Raid Precautions:-At the request of the Director of Air Raid Precautions, fourteen A.R.P. warning syrens were installed complete with centrally operated control gear.
Q 22
PORT WORKS OFFICE.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
127. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages: The repair and heightening of the North Point quay wall was satisfactorily completed by Messrs. Sang Lee & Co.
in June.
A further length of 181 feet of damaged sea wall at Kennedy Town was taken down and rebuilt. 222 lineal feet of new sea wall was constructed to a height of 11.5 C.D. and the pell-mell rubble mound was extended for a length of 75 feet. These two works were referred to in paragraph 55 of last year's report.
The only expenditure incurred at Hung Hom Ferry pier was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $1,000. This work was referred to in paragraph 74 of last year's report.
The only expenditure incurred at the Tai Wan seawall was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $2,224.68. This item was referred to in paragraph 87 of last year's report.
Repairs to nullah bridges and slipway, Kai Tak, referred to in paragraph 87 of last year's report the only expenditure on this work was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $2,000.
A contract for the cutting back of hill slopes North of Boundary Street, Kowloon, was awarded to Messrs. Cheong Hing in August and was successfully completed in December. Certain further rainstorm damage was caused by the typhoon of the 23rd November and repairs were in hand at the end of the year.
128. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers:-Sea walls and piers were maintained in a satisfactory condition. Repairs were effected to the following piers-Blake, Fenwick Street, Green Island Lighthouse, Harbour Master's, Jubilee Street, Murray, Queen's, Sai Wan Ho, Tonnochy Road, Wilmer Street, Hung Hom, Jordan Road, Mong Kok Tsui, Public Square Street, Kowloon City, Shamshuipo and to the decking of the Cheung Chau Ferry pier. Repairs to the following refuse stations were carried out-Fleming Road, Shaukiwan, Whit- field, Ma Tau Kok, Pitt Street, and Shamshuipo. Also repairs were effected to Lyeemun Beacon and to a sea wall at Sai Wan Ho. The hoists, machinery and ramps for the passenger ferry berths at Jubilee Street, Jordan Road, Mong Kok and Shamshuipo ferry piers were maintained in good order. Extensive protective work was done to the piles of Tsim Sha Tsui pier and the roof was thoroughly overhauled.
129. Dredging Foreshores:-Data relating to the working cost of the two Government grab dredgers during the year are given below:-
Particulars.
Days working
Days under repairs
Grab Dredger No. 1.
316
11th and 30th March, 13th to 20th (a.m.) Sep- tember, and 24th October to 13th November.
Grab Dredger No. 2.
290 of which 18 days were engaged in the power jetting of the harbour bot- tom in connexion with the formation of bed for the new cross harbour water mains.
21st to 26th September, and 15th November to 15th December.
•
·
4
*
Particulars.
Q 23
Grab Dredger No. 1.
Grab Dredger No. 2.
Cost of repairs and
replacements
Cube yards dredged
All-in cost of removing
and
dredgings including transportation deposition but ex-
cluding depreciation of plant
$ 1,665.44
40,763.69
51.98 cents.
$ 3,848.35
44,889.11
57.21 cents.
Of the total of 85,652.8 cube yards of spoil removed, 74,867.98 cube yards were dredged from the foreshores and alongside refuse piers while 10,784.82 cube yards were dredged in connexion with the formation of bed for new cross har- bour water mains under Loan Works, Appendix VI (c) Head 2 (c)—Cross Harbour Pipe. 6,338.15 cube yards were utilized in covering scavenging refuse dumped at Kun Tong, and 17,802 cube yards in protecting the new cross harbour
water mains.
130. Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Pier at Jubilee Street and Jordan Road: The piers, hoists, hoisting machinery and ramps were maintained in good condition. The cost of repairing damage done to the fender belts by the Ferry Company's vessels amounted to $7,959.32.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
131. Construction of Reinforced Concrete Pier for Central Store, North Point: This work was referred to in paragraph 103 of last year's report. The only expenditure under this head was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $1,750.
132. General Works, Miscellaneous: The cost of a survey to enable an estimate of the construction of a sea and nullah wall at Tsun Wan to be prepared, was defrayed from this vote.
133. General Works, Port Works:-Works carried out under this vote included improvements to Causeway Bay Depot, construction of experimental sand grading plant, erection of various notice boards, examination of test piles and the supervision of reclamations in progress of formation.
134. Recreation Grounds: This work was referred to in paragraph 175 of last year's report. The only expenditure under this head was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $3,000.
135. Repairs to Seawall and Road at Laichikok:-This work was referred to in paragraph 176 of last year's report. The only expenditure under this head was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $4,000.
136. North Point-Reclamation Extension: This work was referred to in paragraph 143 of last year's report. The extension of the seawall by a further 110 lineal feet was carried out and the placing of free deposits of filling material was supervised.
137. Kennedy Town Sea-wall and Cattle Pier: The formation of the reclamation was temporarily suspended to permit consolidation to take place. The cost of supervision of the depositing of filling was met from this vote.
"
Q 24
138. Alteration to Fire Float Berth at Jubilee Street and Repairs to King Shan Wharf:-This work was referred to in paragraph 207 of last year's report. The alterations to the fire float pier were completed and the pier handed over to the Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Co. on the 18th February. Messrs. Chung Lee & Co. satisfactorily completed the whole of the works within the Contract time.
།
139. Extension of Reclamation from Jubilee Street Pier to Pottinger Street Pier: The contract plans together with the contract documents were prepared and completed at the end of the year. Construction was held up on account of legal difficulties.
140. Repairs to Decking of Nullahs at Kai Tak:-This contract was let to the Union Construction Company in September and closed in November. The work was satisfactory. 5,000 lineal feet of beams were repaired by guniting. The shoring with timbers of about 344 lineal feet of the bridge over No. 2 Nullah on the line of a proposed runway was carried out.
Owing to the unsatisfactory condition of the covered nullahs crossing the aerodrome, a scheme involving the diversion of a portion of the natural drainage and reconstruction of the existing nullahs was under consideration.
141. Kun Tong Refuse Dump:-This work was referred to in paragraph 180 of last year's report. A contract for the extension of about 800 feet of seawall at Kun Tong was let to Messrs. Chung Lee Construction Company. During the year, most of the work was completed. Approximately 6,338 cubic yards of dredgings were deposited and spread over the refuse to seal it. The total area reclaimed at the end of the year was about 14 acres.
WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES.
142. Reclamation at Cheung Sha Wan:-Land and hydrographic surveys were made over the area which it was proposed to reclaim. Borings were taken on the lines of the proposed sea walls and reinforced concrete pier. Plans were prepared and the cross-sections plotted. Work was suspended pending Govern- ment's decision as to the future of the project.
143. Construction of a Granite Rubble Faced Seawall at Hung Hom Store: This contract was let to Messrs. Luen Hing & Co. in September and satisfactorily completed in December. The work comprised the building of a seawall fifty five feet long and filling the area occupied by a disused slipway to provide additional storage space of 1,050 square yards.
144. Construction of Stores at Kai Tak Airport:-This contract was let to Messrs. Lam Woo & Company in November and by the end of the year, the excavation and reinforced concrete foundations were completed and a start made with the brickwork.
145. Kai Tak Extension:-Before estimates can be prepared for this large project it is essential to obtain data relating to the quantity of filling material available within economic distance of Kai Tak. Preliminary work which entails the surveying of numerous hills in central Kowloon was begun in the middle of November when two survey parties were placed in the field. Progress was satisfactory.
LOAN WORKS.
146. Construction of Temporary Terminal Building at Kai Tak Airport:- This work was referred to in paragraph 233 of last year's report. The only expenditure under this head was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $400.
147. Cross Harbour Pipes:-Dredging and preparation of harbour bed-see paragraphs 148 and 149 of Waterworks Section.
+
$
25
ROADS OFFICE.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
.
148. Roads and Bridges, (Maintenance and Improvements):-The surfaces of approximately 355 miles of roads were maintained in a satisfactory manner, consistent with the funds available. The super-elevation of bends at Macdonnell, Stubbs and Repulse Bay Roads and the screeding with tar-tops of the surfaces of Tai Hang Road, Queen's Road West between Pokfulam Road and Whitty Street, and King's Road between the Sugar Refinery and Taikoo Dock East Gate, were undertaken. In Des Voeux Road West, between Whitty Street and Western Street, the stone kerbing was regulated and the cement concrete sur- facing was taken up and relaid.
Major items of work undertaken were:-Widening of bends at the 17th mile Taipo-Fanling Road and at the 15th mile Castle Peak Road; relaying of kerbs, channels and surfacing on Shing Mun Dam Road, Castle Peak Road at Tsing Lung Tau, and Yau Kam Tau; widening and re-surfacing of Fanling Road from Wo Hop Shek to Hong Lok Yuen; cutting back bends, widening and re-surfacing road at Castle Peak beach (uncompleted); demolition of sea walls and other protective works at Tai Lam Chung bridge.
The following figures show the extent of the operations carried out at the Government Quarry, Tsat Tsz Mui: a total quantity of 47,316 cubic yards of various grades of stones were passed through crushers, of which 5,399 cubic yards were made into tarasmac, 6,992 cubic yards into tar-tops, 837 cubic yards into sand carpeting and 34,088 cubic yards were delivered to various works as the materials came from crushers. 3,132 granolithic paving slabs were provided for use on footways.
The following are particulars of the additional areas laid with improved surfacing:-
Square Yards.
21′′ granolithic paving laid on footways
37,911
New sand carpeting on top of 6" cement concrete foundation ..
742
Surface dressing (tarpainted)
162,632
Surface dressing (tar tops)
37,452
Slab paving laid on footways
70
New dry macadam surfacing
172,477
New tarred macadam surfacing
30,316
Q 26
A traffic census taken on some of the main roads during a twelve-hour period (8.00 a.m. to 8.00 p.m.), gave the following results which are shown compared with the 1938 figures:-
1938.
1939.
Point where Census was taken.
Cars &
Lorries
Cars &
Lorries
Motor
and
Motor
and
Cycles. Buses.
Cycles.
Buses.
Garden Road, junction at Murray Barracks..
Magazine Gap Road, junction at May Road..
5,375
758
4,896
707
1,460
12
1,299
10
Stubbs Road, above Hong Kong Hotel
Garage
1,026
478
1,391
635
Queen's Road West, east of No. 7 Police
Station
784
1,098
921
1,257
Des Voeux Road West, near Western Street.
Connaught Road West, near Western Street.
562
357
585
416
237
1,350
312
1.782
Pokfulam Road, near No. 3 Pumping Station.
765
443
785
495
Pokfulam Road, south of No. 7 Police
Station
700
538
775
578
Caine Road, junction with Arbuthnot Road..
2,271
515
2,095
558
Stubbs Road, above junction with Bowen
Road
295
126
170
145
Wongneichong Gap Road, above junction.
with Bowen Road
654
283
489
306
Magazine Gap Road, below junction with
Stubbs Road
1,015
1,040..
King's Road, opposite Ming Yuen Garden ...
821
702
780
1,004
Island Road, bottom of Shaukiwan Hill
310
285
462
445
Island Road, east of Repulse Bay Road
junction
522
236
409
440
Island Road, west of Repulse Bay Road
junction
248
70
199
105
Island Road, south of Victoria Road and
Pokfulam Road junction
.195
212
177
215
Nathan Road, Salisbury Road junction
2,363
1,510
1,234
861
Nathan Road, Waterloo Road junction ......
4,243
2,175
1,195
174
Q 27
1938.
1939.
Point where Census was taken.
Cars &
Lorries
Cars &
Lorries
Motor
and
Motor
and
Cycles.
Buses.
Cycles. Buses.
Salisbury Road, Nathan Road junction
Jordan Road, Canton Road junction
2,892
1,854
1,109
847
782
1,266
76
110
Canton Road, Jordan Road junction
112
265
86
106
Waterloo Road, Nathan Road junction
2,197
321
1,233
216
Waterloo Road, Shanghai Street junction
68
64
34
46
Waterloo Road, Prince Edward Road
junction
1,671
359
540
90
Shanghai Street, Waterloo Road junction ...
129
539
30
29
Shanghai Street, Prince Edward Road
junction
92
473
15
70
Prince Edward Road, Shanghai Street
junction
88
224
9
68
Prince Edward Road, Waterloo Road
junction
1,361
821
639
91
Tam Kung Road, Prince Edward Road
junction
485
808
242
462
Prince Edward Road, Tam Kung Road
junction
836
1,813
240
463
Chatham Road, Gascoigne Road junction ...
1,142
917
305
340
Gascoigne Road, Chatham Road junction
657
527
315
333
Taipo Road at junction with Castle Peak
Road
291
209
465
303
Taipo Market
164
143
172
165
Fanling Cross Road:-
Sha Tau Kok Road
69
97
153
354
Sheung Shui Road
83
123
77
121
Fanling Road to Golf Club
155
148
171
278
Un Long:-
To Sheung Shui side
129
252
91
350
To Castle Peak side
126
302
76
262
Castle Peak Road at Tsun Wan
369
386
358
265
Castle Peak Road at Prison
373
431
350
241
Q 28
149. Street Lighting: Hong Kong-The total number of gas lamps in use at the end of the year in the City and its precincts was 1,821 and in the Hill district 258, the same figures submitted during 1938.
The total number of electric lamps in use at the end of the year, in the City, outside the City and Peak districts, was as follows:
Street lamps, etc.
Pier lamps
Public latrine lamps, etc.
903
52
137
Improved street lighting was continued by the installation of thirty-two additional gaseous discharge lamps.
Twenty two electric traffic control lamps and twenty eight traffic beacon lights were maintained in good order.
The total number of gas lamps in use in Kowloon at the end of the year, all of which are incandescent, was 557. Electric lamps in use at the end of the year totalled 738, an increase of thirty-seven over the previous year. Improved street lighting was continued in Salisbury and Nathan Roads by the installation of ninety-one gaseous discharge lamps.
Electric lamps in use in New Kowloon at the end of the year totalled 588, an increase of three over the previous year.
In the New Territories, electric street lamps in use at the end of the year totalled sixty-three.
The practice of extinguishing certain street lamps at midnight ceased on 12th July and thereafter all lamps were illuminated for the full lighting period.
150. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-Damage caused by typhoon and rainstorm was slight, the major items being the blocking of Wongneichong Gap Road during the heavy rains of April 19th and 20th, (being re-opened to traffic however within twenty four hours), the necessity for a retaining wall in Tai Wan Road which was put in hand and completed, and damage to road surfacing and part of the embankment of Shatin Road. Minor repairs were effected to several road surfaces and gas lamps. All typhoon reinstatement was completed during the year.
151. Maintenance of Public Cemetery:-Major items consisted of the construction of a retaining wall to sup ort new terraces and repairs to cement concrete surfacing and channelling in the Colonial Cemetery.
152. Maintenance of Public Recreation Grounds: All Government play- grounds were maintained in good condition. The use of departmental labour for the purpose of mowing grass, cleaning ditches, etc., was continued.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
153. General Works:-Consequent upon the erection of new buildings, between 130 to 140 road construction operations were executed. Kerbs and channels were laid, footpaths were paved, scavenging lanes surfaced with cement concrete, roadways surfaced with tarasmac, tar macadam and also dry macadam, tarpainted, and any necessary amendments made to levels and alignments.
Eight hundred dollars were contributed by the owners of Stanley inland lots 4 and 5 for road formation, in accordance with special conditions of sale.
"
''
រ
Q 29
A footpath was provided and the road widened and re-surfaced through Shek Wu Hui market; roads abutting on new development at Un Long were made up and surfaced; the causeway was strengthened and footpath provided at Au Tau; five car parks were formed at Castle Peak Road; carriageway was re-surfaced and footpath provided in Tai Cheung Street, Un Long; at Taipo Market, a commencement was made on the raising, widening, resurfacing and draining main and side roads.
154. Island Road-Strengthening Bridges:-Pressure of more urgent matters precluded a commencement of this item.
155.
Bowen Road-Widening and Forming Footway between Garden Road and Bowen Road Tram Station: This work, referred to in paragraph 117 of last year's report, was carried out under the maintenance contract but was not completed before the end of the year.
The chair coolie shelter, situated at junction of Bowen Road and Garden Road was demolished to make way for the new work.
156. Colonial Cemetery-Laying Out New Areas:-This work was referred to in paragraph 124 of last year's report. The construction of an access path to the area mentioned in that paragraph together with a small burial area was completed.
157. Reinstatement of Retaining Walls: A periodical inspection of all Government retaining walls was carried out. A cement concrete retaining wall was constructed at Babington Path opposite house No. 27 to replace the existing wall which was defective.
158. Traffic Signs, etc.:-The erection, painting, repainting and fixing of signs, guide lines, reflector studs etc. according to traffic requirements was continued.
159. Street Name-plates:-This work was referred to in paragraph 128, 159, and 178 of last year's report. The yearly programme of fixing street name plates in the City, outside the City, Kowloon and New Kowloon districts was continued.
160. Wongneichong Development Road Formation:A contract: for certain works under this head was awarded to Messrs. Nam Hing & Co. in September and work progressed satisfactorily.
161. Victoria Peak Improvements to Layout:-General improvements embodying the clearing, levelling, construction of steps, surfacing and the provision of garden seats were carried out at various areas.
162. K. I. L. 3394-Forming Access Roads from Ma Tau Wei Road and Argyle Street: The date fixed for the exhumation of graves on the final align- ment approved for this road precluded any work being commenced.
was
163. Argyle Street Extension, Eastern end of:-This work, which referred to in paragraph 219 of last year's report, was continued and steady progress was made until heavy rock formation was encountered. The surfacing of the road was commenced under Contract No. 24 of 1939 on 26th September, but was seriously delayed for the same reason.
164. Layout of Government Quarry-Hok Un-Tenders were invited and a contract was awarded to Messrs. Kwan On in November, for the work of site formation and erection of buildings. Little, though satisfactory progress was made by the end of the year on contract work, but certain items of machinery were purchased and indents forwarded for other essential items.
Q 30
165. Saigon Street at K.M,L. 49 Formation and Surfacing:-This work was satisfactorily completed.
166. Sai Kung Road Extension, East of N.K.I.L. 63-Anticipated develop- ment did not take place and no work was necessary.
167. Tsun Wan Market Road :--Streets abutting on new development were made up and re-surfaced.
168. Bridges Strengthening, New Territories :-The work, which was referred to in paragraph No. 190 (Tai Lam Chung Bridge) of last year's report was completed on 10th March.
169. Castle Peak Road, North of T.W.M.L. 8-Realignment, Regrading and Surfacing-Private work was insufficiently advanced to permit anything to be done.
170. Improvements to Area North-East of Bridge at Taipo Market :-This work was practically completed under Contract No. 28 of 1939.
WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES.
171. MacDonnel Road Bridge-Reconstruction :-This work was referred to in paragraph 115 of last year's report. Owing to alterations to the original proposal, an extension of contract time up to April 26th was granted on which date the contract was satisfactorily completed.
172. Praya East Reclamation Scheme:-Improvements were put in hand comprising the re-alignment of Queen's Road East and Hennessy Road at Arsenal Street Junction.
173. Kowloon Muk Fu Ferry Road :-Plans and contract were prepared and a tender accepted, but work had not commenced by the end of the year.
174. Extension of Tar Macadam Around Hangar, Kai Tak Aerodrome :-This work was carried out under the maintenance contract.
175. Access Road to New Kowloon Cemetery No. 8-Contract No. 26 was signed by Messrs. Kwok Voon Construction Co. on 3rd July, and the work was completed on 19th October.
LOAN WORKS.
176. Central Market :-Upon completion of the new central market, the sur- rounding footpaths were paved with tiles and all necessary adjustments were made to the levels in Jubilee Street.
:
- Q 31
TAI LAM CHUNG BRIDGE, NEW TERRITORIES.
A
Q 33
VALUATIONS AND RESUMPTIONS OFFICE.
177. The total valuations made during the year comprised 1,376 hereditaments with a total estimated value of $11,138,534.69.
178. Valuations were made for the purpose of resumption for street widenings and the development of areas in accordance with the approved town planning scheme, for the Military Authorities and for anti-malarial works, estate duty, stamp duty, exchange and sundry other purposes.
179. Valuations comprising 759 hereditaments with a total estimated value of $7,784,880.00 were made for sundry Government departments.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
180. Cheung Chau-Compensation for Realignment of Houses-No action was taken by the District Officer-South, in this matter.
181.
COMPENSATIONS AND RESUMPTIONS.
:
Purpose of Resumptions.
HONG KONG.
(a) Resumption for road widening schemes etc.
(b) Resumption for Military Authorities of Section A of M.L. 431. A refund is to be made by the Military Authorities...
Number of properties
dealt with.
Amount paid.
10
$8,547.44
1
$6,250.00
11
$14,797.44
KOWLOON.
Development in accordance with the approved
town planning scheme.
7
$3,990.00
NEW KOWLOON.
(a) Resumption of lots in accordance with the approved town planning scheme and the filling in of low lying areas east of Grampian Road, Kowloon City
106
$10,446.51
(b) Resumption of lots in connexion with the proposed Urban development scheme north of Kai Tak Airport
64
$15,485.70
170
$25,932.21
182. In addition resumptions were carried out by the District Officers, North and South, in connexion with minor improvements at a total cost of $2,481.32.
183. Arbitration fees which amounted to $75.00 were also met from this vote.
Table I.
34
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1930-1939.
Personal Emoluments
Year.
and
Other Charges.
*
Special
Expenditure..
Annually
Recurrent
Extraordinary Works.
Total
Works.
Expenditure. §
1930
$2,140,642.16
$ 69,141.61
$1,564,118.43
$2,850,498.83
$8,478,094.19
1931
2,344,769.78
143,675.84
1,581,926.75
2,374,931.99
8,229,478.08
1932
2,164,761.76
138,138.25
1,900,619.99
1,967,860.20
8,437,090.71
1933
2,145,329.10
77,544.61
1,553,606.84
3,292,449.05
8,464,524.64
1934
2,147,921.93
156,719.05
1,683,239.71
3,784,165.51
9,155,298.75
1935
1,867,187.14
68,148.44
1,391,102.74
2,801,919.07
8,945,344.93
1936.
2,160,995.71
84,008.58
1,309,311.51
3,052,899.52
10,384,475.39
1937
2,324,230.16
111,882.15
1,768,369.96
1,510,298.07
7,197,017.22
1938
2,178,109.73
35,557.98
1,811,168.55
1,899,902.40
8,137,984.46
1939
1,819,570.75†
36,687.89
1,279,837.52
1,817,096.51
8,068,009.65+
* Includes Clerical Establishment.
§ Includes amount expended on works charged to Loan Funds, Air Ministry, Military Authorities, Government House and City Development, Building Loan A/c., Hong Kong Travel Association and other Private Lots Owners, etc.
† Stores Department separated from P.W.D.
Includes the amount expended on Water Works.
Q 35
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938-1939.
1938
1939
$ ¢
$
¢
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.
Personal Emoluments
1,985,392.59 ·
1,668,805.10
Other Charges.
City Hall Library
2,239.94
2,189.55
Conveyance Allowances
38,643.77
27,332.51
Drawing Materials and Mounting Plans
8,253.74
8,645.75
Electric Fans, Light and Gas
9,251.09
8,265.94
Incidental Expenses
12.996.37
4,871.23
Lifts Maintenance, Government Buildings
5,494.38
5,915.51
Maintenance and Supply of Furniture
32,714.40
Rent of Public Telephones
942.96
475.29
Surveying Instruments ·
1,394.68
410.83
Technical Library
185.23
199.98
Transport and Travelling Expenses
9,779.43
7,814.53
Uniforms
*
3,358.86
1,812.37
Upkeep of Government Garage Plant
732.74
870.70
Upkeep of Harbour Surveying Plant
2,368.19
6,049.33
Upkeep and running expenses of Motor Lorries
and Cars
41,941.46
48,811.31
A
Upkeep of Motor and Steam Rollers
6,647.47
8,571.53
Upkeep of Quarry Plants
Upkeep of Triangulation Monuments
15,745.93
18,489.29
26.50
40.00
Total Other Charges
192,717.14
150,765.65
Total Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges
2,178,109.731
1,819,570.75
Special Expenditure.
Two 2-ton Commercial Chassis, fitted with
locally built general service bodies
Five Motor Cars
One Power Hacksaw
9,850.00
16,930.00
216.86
Oxy Acetylene Welding Outfit
300.00
Two Commercial High Lift Jacks
442.51
One Universal Woodworking Machine complete
with motor
!
Q 36
Table II,-Continued.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938-1939.
1938
EA
1939
¢
(Special Expenditure,-Contd.)
Loose Leaf Binders
227.04
One Adding Machine
450.00
Four Typewriters
1,311.26
Surveying Instruments
1,860.40
Tools for Electrical Workshop
1,407.31
Steam Roller Wheels
3,468.51
Two Steel Filing Cabinets
224.00
One 15-25 cwt. Commercial Chassis fitted with
locally built general service body
2,963.06
One Granulator
8,814.42
One 2 Tons Diesel Roller
6,393.93
Two Typewriters
677.59
One Recording Voltmeter
597.55
One Gestetner Duplicator
1,300.00
Two Dennis Arrow Minor Chassis
715.41
Diesel Electric Generating Set
9,561.07
Conversion of two Crossley cars into vans
for Transport
647.95
Firewood (all Departments)
1,998.17
One Outboard Marine Motor
254.70
Wireless Instruments for Hung Hom Wireless
Telegraph Station
1,634.13
Total Special Expenditure
35,557.98
36,687.89
Total Public Works Department
2,213,667.71
1,856,258.64
Total Public Works Recurrent
1,811,168.55
1,279,837.52
Total Water Works
1,144,187.96
Total Public Works Extraordinary..
1,899,902.40
1,817,096.51
Total P.W.D., P.W.R., W.W., &
P.W.E.
5,924,738.66
6,097,380.63
Works undertaken and charged to
Loan Account
1,657,596.33
1,508,912.71
Miscellaneous Works
555,649.47
461,716.31
GRAND TOTAL
8,137,984.46
8,068,009.65
!
Item.
Table III.
WORKS RECURRENT PUBLIC
Comparison of expenditure for 1938 and 1939, showing sub-departmental expenditure for 1939.
EXPENDITURE BY SUB DEPARTMENTS
A.-PUBLIC WORKS-GENERAL.
1. Buildings.
1. Maintenance of Buildings 2. Improvements to Buildings
3. Maintenance of Lighthouses
1938 Expenditure. Architectural
Office.
Buildings
Ordinance
Office.
Crown Lands Drainage Office.
& Surveys
Office.
Electrical
Office.
Port Works
Office.
Roads
Office.
Water Works
Office.
Total
Expenditure
1939.
$
$
315,462.14 275,180.03
36,897.86
29,324.64
9,974.85 11,038.67
$
23,370.15
4,987.60
152.43
$
1,368.38
687.67
9,593.89
694.74
309,512.45
35,694.65
11,191.10
Cables
2. Communications.
1. Roads and Bridges (Maintenance and
Improvements)
2. Maintenance of Telephones including all
3. Drainage.
296,618.93
21,053.30
1. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs &c.
39,100.86
4. Lighting.
1. Street Lighting
297,315.44
5. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages. 1. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages 6. Miscellaneous.
174,965.33
7,163.21
1. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers
31,046.92
2. Maintenance of Public Cemetery
1,944.59
3.
4.
Chinese Cemeteries Public Recreation Grounds
8,676.34
7,253.48
4,908.01
""
39
5. Dredging Foreshores
12,054.24
6. Boundary Stones
1,825.45
7. Survey of Colony....
3,287.70
3,035.08
2,883.81
3,160.76
321,806.80
824,967.56
24,949.36
24,949.36
37,144.70
37,144.70
1,118.82
312,783.67
813,902.49
13,535.68
1,686.31
50,577.18
32,196.47
105,158.85
995.80
43,938.56
44,934.36
1,970.11
1,970.11
7,253.48
6,209.86
6,209.86
30,794.12
30,794.12
3,035.08
2,883.81
8. Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Piers at Jubilee Street and Jordan Road
Total P.W.R. General
B.-WATER Works.
1. Maintenance.
1. Maintenance of Water Works
2. Water Meters, Upkeep and repairs
3. Maintenance of Workshop Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages
2:- Renewals and Improvements Fund, Contribution to
Total P.W.R. Water Works
432,311.52:
* 37,885.20(
106,859.74)
16,865.33
1,271,997.29
322,706.55 7,253.48
5,918.89 53,841.14
2,241.80
59,502.27
17,993.74
143,303.60
20,235.54
677,022.96
10,288.63
1,279,837.52
1,912.04
354,959.75
90,737.96
356,871.79
90,737.96
* 10,822.38 f
2,481.00
650.07
2,481.00
650.07
587,878.84
1,912.04
+399,907.00
848,735.78
399,907.00
850,647.82
* Under P.W.E.
+ Under Appendix VIII C.
Q 37
Q 38
Table
PUBLIC WORKS
Table showing Estimated Cost of work appearing in
4
Item.
Estimated Cost.
Expenditure up to 31.12.38
EXPENDITURE BY
+Crown Architec- Buildings Land and tural. Ordinance. V. & R.O.
Buildings.
1. Central Govt. Store
$
$
$
2. New Sub-station, Wanchai Gap ...
3. New Govt. House
392,125.00
53,000.00
2,000,000.00
88,952.00 244,564.60
31,627.94
44,657.34
4. Ellis Kadoorie School-Conversion
of Annexe into Gymnasium
5. Vernacular Normal School-New
Latrine
4,000.00
3,169.25
2,500.00
2,110.34
6. Q. M. Hospital-Additions and
improvements
10,000.00
7,950.05
7. G. C. H. Alterations to "C" Block for Infant Welfare Centre
2,850.00
2,097.18
. 8. Western Market-Provision South
Block
95,000.00
9. New Garage Qrs. &c. Kennedy
Town
100,000.00
10. Latrine, Elec. Rd.
11. Prisons-Alterations
5,000.00
20,000.00
2,201.18
17,359.74
12. D.R.O.'s House-Enclose
verandah
1,400.00
1,351.56
13. Mong Kok Market:
(a) Flush Urinal
4,500.00
1,948.22
(b) Store Room & Kitchen
1,000.00
14. Ma Tau Kok Slaughter House
Incinerator
5,000.00
15. Latrine, Nam Kok Rd., Kowloon
City
18,000.00
16. Tai Po Kau Forestry Reserve
New Plant House
2,300.00
17. Au Tau Police Station Garage
3,500.00
3,150.00
18. Un Long-Public Latrine
5,500.00
19. Herbarium & Library, Botanical
& Forestry Office, Extension.
3,700.00
3,221.23
20. B. & F. Office, Lai Chi Kok
2,500.00
2,419.73
General Works.
21. Roads
22. Drainage:-
(a) Training Nullahs
(b) Miscellaneous
23. Miscellaneous
20,832.44
Carried forward
388,660.89
+ ++
360.00 18.00
360.00
18.00
.λ
Q 39
Port Works.
IV.
EXTRAORDINARY.
the 1939 Estimates, and Progressive expenditure.
SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
Drainage. Electrical.
Roads. Water Works.
Total Expenditure
Total Expenditure
1939.
up to 1939.
$
$
$
*A
$
$
$
325.97 14,356.89
1,750.00
2,126.07
263,123.53
352,075.53
181.90 1,841.59
229.42
33,880.85
33,880.85
32.30
355.32
44,689.64
44,689.64
3,524.57
2,110.34
956.63
8,906.68
233.05
2,330.23
112.92
34.96
2,349.06
322.73
340.25
96.63
18,119.35
1,351.56
1,948.22
3,150.00
3,221.23
2,419.73
11,453.37
225,447.19
236,900.56
27,502.73
85,830.41
27,502.73
85,830.41
16,160.71
998.84 3,964.06
656.34
42,990.39
125,762.33 34,279.40 2,748.84 229,411.25 3,108.46
784,349.08
Q 40
Table IV,-
EXPENDITURE BY
Item.
Estimated Cost.
Expenditure up to 31.12.38
+Crown Architec- Buildings Land and
tural. Ordinance.
IV. & R.O.
Brought forward
24. Port Works Communications
25. Island Rd.-Strengthening
Bridges
$
45,000.00
9,966.38
26. Bowen Rd.-Widening & forming
footway between Garden Rd.
& Bowen Rd. Tram Station..
30,000.00
9,754.65
27. K.I.L. 3394-Forming
Access
rds. from Ma Tau Wai Rd. & Argyle St.
30,000.00
28. Argyle St.-Eastern end of
120,000.00
4,713.63
29. Layout of a Govt. Quarry at
Hok Un
286,000.00
30. Saigon St. at K. M. L. No. 49—
Formation & surfacing
9,000.00
31. Sai Kung Rd. Extension
8,000.00
32. Tsun Wan Market Road
15,000.00 6,979.31
33. Bridges strengthening
281,000.00
37,212.45
34. Castle Peak Rd., North of T.W. M.L. 8 Realigning, regrading & surfacing
19,000.00
35. Improvements to area N.E. of
bridge at Taipo Market
10,000.00
Miscellaneous.
36. Colonial Cemetery-Laying out
new areas
37. Reinstatement of retaining walls..
38. Traffic Signs, &c.
39. St. Name Plates
403.09
€
388,660.80
40. Wong Nei Chong Development ... 75,000.00 19,700.50
41. North Point Reclamation sewer
Extension
42. Chai Wan Cemetery Extension-
Development
43. Rewiring of Govt. Buildings
44. Chinese Cemeteries-Laying out
new areas
45. Bathing Shed at Kennedy Town
for Govt. Schools
20,000.00 2,120.10
3,046.94
22,000.00
7,372.29
4,953.68
1,200.00
Carried forward
389,063.89 8,000.62 +
360.00 + 18.00
EA
$
360.00 18.00
+
Continued:-(1)
SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
- Q 41
Drainage. Electrical.
Port
Roads.
Works.
Water Works.
$
$
$
$
$
125,762.33 | 34,279.40 2,748.84 229,411.25
69.15
2,731.79
Total Expenditure 1939.
Total Expenditure
up to 1939.
$
3,108.46
784,349.08
71.24
2,803.03
9,966.38
3,571.20
3,640.35
13,395.00
2,910.44
40,097.81
43,008.25
47,721.88
25,159.67
25,159.67
25,159.67
2,440.65
2,440.65
2,440.65
2,653.39
2,653.39
9,632.70
27,976.56
27,976.56
65,189.01
4,069.51
4,069.51
1,883.72
1,883.72
973.42
1,376.51
2,969.51
2,969.51
4,975.26
4,975.26
9,768.46
1,128.75
10,897.21
30,597.71
2,120.10
3,046.94
14,064.43
14,064.43
21,436.72
4,953.68
138,510.38 48,343.83 5,480.63 347,310.70 3,179.70
940,267.75
- Q 42
Item.
Estimated Cost.
$
Expenditure up to 31.12.38
Table IV,-
EXPENDITURE BY
† Crown Architec- Buildings Land and tural. Ordinance. V. & R.O.
$
$
389,063.89 8,000.62 +
$
360.00
18.00
Brought forward
46. Tsan Yuk Hospl.-Additions and
Alterations
47. Air Raid Precaution
20,000.00
17,178.10
1,000,000.00
48. No. 2 Police Station Switchboard.
1,500.00
49. Victoria Peak, Improvements to
Layout
3,200.00
50. K. Hospl. Nurses Qrs. Grilles
2,000.00
1,049.55
51. N. K. Cemetery No. 7 (Custom
Pass)
14,396.64
38,093.85
52. Hammer Hill Urning Ground ....
53. Recreation Grounds
1,436.75
32,300.00
27,084.73
54. Repairs to Seawalls & Rd. to
Lai Chi Kok
62,500.00 59,044.67
4,800.00
55. Cheung Chau-Compensation for
realignment of Houses
56. Incinerators to Police Stations at:-Ping Chau, Castle Peak, Au Tau, Lok Ma Chau, Sheung Shui, Taipo, Ta Ku Ling, Lui Ma Hang, Sha Tau Kok, Sai Kung & Sha Tin
5,500.00
2,205.43
57. Tai Po Clerks' Qrs.-Mosquito
proofing
2,750.00
2,366.91
58. Tai Po Land Bailiffs Qrs.-Instal
flush system
950.00
837.69
59. Ping Shan Land Bailiffs Qrs.-
Instal flush system
750.00
556.10
60. North Point-Reclamation
Port Works.
Extension
400,000.00 186,175.51
61. Kennedy Town-Construction of
seawall & Cattle Pier
145,000.00 140,229.39
62. Alteration to Fire Float at Jubilee St. & repairs to King Shan Wharf
63. Extension of Reclamation from Jubilee St. Pier to Pottinger
St. Pier
64. Repairs to decking of nullahs at
Kai Tak
65. Kun Tong Refuse Dump.
Buildings Ordinance.
66. Compensation & Resumptions
Anti-Malarial Works.
67. Anti-Malarial Works
Carried forward
585,000.00
7,000.00
30,033.91
413,257.67 47,531.22 t
147,363.07
360.00 147,381.07
เ
$
1
Continued:-(2).
SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
Q 43
Drainage. Electrical.
Port
Roads.
Water
Total Expenditure 1939.
Works.
Works.
$
$
$
138,510.38 48,343.83 5,480.63 347,310.70
3,179.70
940,267.75
669.85
3,775.22
800.61
2,114.26
770.00
251.78
9,296.16
18,099.73
13,071.38
* 161,402.06
17,582.76
Total Expenditure
up to 1939.
(*) Expended
by A.R.P. Dept.
800.61
2,884.26
1,049.55
38,093.85
52,490.49
1,436.75
3,000.00
3,000.00
30,084.73
4,000.00
4,000.00
63,044.67
2,205.43
2,205.43
2,366.91
837.69
556.10
9,993.20
9,993.20
196,168.71
900.90
900.90
141,130.29
1,000.00
1,000.00
54,547.24
54,547.24
54,547.24
10,609.47
10,609.47
16,080.86
16,080.86
46,114.77
47,363.07
17,582.76
156,093.14 53,589.51 105,612.30 349,424.96 13,497.64 1,348,149.57
Q 44
Table IV,
EXPENDITURE BY
Item.
Estimated Cost.
Expenditure up to 31.12.38
† Crown Architec- Buildings Land and tural. Ordinance. V.& R.O.
$
$
$
Brought forward
413,257.67 47,531.22 +
360.00 147,381.07
WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES. Buildings.
Refugee Camp at North Point Refugee Camp at King's Park Refugee Camp at Ma Tau Chung K. Hospl.-Isolation Block Conversion of Victoria Hospl.
into Flats
163,000.00 125,063.64 10,224.79
128,500.00 105,286.09 10,209.46 253,400.00 231,172.10 20,894.76
12,000.00 2,377.93 8,701.93
67,100.00
66,527.16
404.14
Conversion of P.W.D. Garages
into Offices
26,400.00
21,771.22
K. Hosptl. Site Formation
200,000.00
54,335.42
Dog Kennels, Kennedy Town
20,000.00
Conversion of Resident Surgeon's
Qrs., G.C.H. into a Teachers' Training School
8,000.00
6,409.03
Camp for Chinese Interned Soldiers...
120,000.00
107,784.88
Hosptl. huts for Refugee Camps at
North Point, King's Park & Ma Tau Chung
27,000.00
19,978.01 1,443.02
5 Room Bldg. at Kai Tak Aerodrome.
19,000.00
Muk Fu Ferry Road
103,420.33
Communications.
Macdonnell Rd. Bridge,
Reconstruction
Miscellaneous.
11,000.00
2,102.17
Reconstruction of King Shan Wharf..
20,400.00 11,160.21
Kennedy Rd. Flush Latrine
1,400.00
1,212.70
Housing Disinfectors at Kennedy
Town Infections Hospital
3,196.00
253.09
2,946.60
Extension of Tarmac around Hangar,
Kai Tak Aerodrome
9,500.00
Conversion of Nursing Sisters' Qrs.
G.C.H. to a Mental Hospital
34,500.00
26,458.06
Urning Ground-Access Road
7,000.00
Carried forward
706,031.69 47,531.22 +
360.00 147,381.07
A
Continued:-(3)
SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
Q 45
Drainage. Electrical.
Port Works.
Roads.
Water
Works.
$
$
$
―
156,093.14 53,589.51 105,612.30 349,424.96 13,497.64
Total
Expenditure 1939.
Total Expenditure
up to 1939.
$
1,348,149.57
1,761.68
141.00
12,127.47
137,191.11
34.92
274.42
10,518.80
115,804.89
855.60
21,750.36
252,922.46
278.11
8,980.04
11,357.97
404.14
66,931.30
3,138.39
102.83
25,012.44
54,335.42
54,335.42
1,486.55
746.18 5,204.25
763.04 3,707.05
7,895.58
118,205.40
118,205.40
243.20 1,684.58
4,997.53
785.67
24,134.48
4,997.53
4,997.53
103,420.33
7,521.09
7,521.09
9,623.26
8,279.33
8,279.33
19,439.54
1,212.70
2,946.60
9,308.77
9,308.77
6,350.06
32,808.12
6,173.95
6,173.95
157,082.52 74,383.65 118,889.16 373,191.81 18,508.61
1,704,761.79
Q 46
Table IV,-
Item.
Estimated Cost.
Expenditure up to 31.12.38
EXPENDITURE BY
+Crown Architec- Buildings Land and
tural. Ordinance.
IV.& R.O.
$
$
706,031.69 47,531.22 |†
360.00 147,381.07
Brought forward
Lai Chi Kok Cholera Hosptl. Flush
system
7,000.00
6,971.54
Erection of 6 Garages at Barker Road...
5,250.00
5,151.54
Prison Works
169,000.00
40,259.30
Kam Tin Refugee Camp
underground cables
Mosquito Screening for lower Block,
Lai Chi Kok Hosptl.
8,500.00
8,286.49
Airing court at the Mental Hospital..
3,720.00
3,495.86
Port Works.
Hung Hom Store-Slipway Filling in.
6,500.00
Reclamation at Cheung Sha Wan
(Preliminary Works)
1,000,000.00
Naval Arsenal Yard & Kellets Island.. 2,000,000.00 1,459,148.94
TOTAL P.W.E.
$40,851.06
770,196.42 47,531.22
It 360.00 188,232.13
+
•
Continued:-(4)
SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
Q 47.
Drainage. Electrical.
Port Works.
Roads.
Water Works.
Total Expenditure 1939.
Total Expenditure
up to 1939.
$
$
$
$
157,082.52 74,383.65 118,889.16 373,191.81 18,508.61
1,704,761.79
6,971.54
5,151.54
1,930.31
143.88
42,333.49
42,333.49
1,119.00
1,119.00
8,286.49
3,495.86
3,450.97
674.77
157,082.52 77,432.96 123,014.90 373,191.81 18,652.49
3,450.97
674.77
674.77
40,851.06
1,500,000.00
1,817,096.51
Item.
Appendix VI (B).
31% DOLLAR Loan
Head 8-New Markets:-
(a) Central Market
- Q 48
Table
LOAN
Table showing Estimated Cost of works appearing
Appendix VI (C).
ADDITIONAL WORKS TO BE CHARGED TO
A PROPOSED NEW LOAN.
EXPENDITURE
Revised Estimated Cost.
Expenditure
up to 31.12.38.
Architec-
tural. Drainage.
$
$
$
860,126.10
580,146.63 261,313.34 1,151.65
Head 1-New Markets:-
(a) Central Market
50,000.00
Head 2-Water Works:-
(a) Supply to Albany
100,000.00
80,541.18
(b)
Peak Road
130,000.00
""
53,181.40
(c) Cross Harbour Pipes
900,000.00
581,801.12
(d) Rapid Gravity Filters, Eastern
490,000.00
9,442.72
(e) Kowloon Chai Service Reservoir (f) Supply Main to Kowloon Chai
Service Reservoir
240,000.00
(22,780.80
250,000.00
1,854.95
(g) Distribution Island
19,247.25
210,000.00
(h)
Mainland
""
44,588.25
(i) Shing Mun Valley Scheme
Catchwater
1,070,000.00
253,895.39
Rapid Gravity Filters, Shing Mun
Valley Scheme
150,000.00
(k) Tai Lam Chung Scheme,
Preliminary Works
70,000.00
10,000.00
(1) New Meters
210,000.00
(m) Waste Detection Equipment
300,000.00
(n) Reconstruction at Albany
(0) Miscellaneous Works
106,500.00
Head 3-Miscellaneous Works:-
(a) Extension of Aerodrome,
Preliminary Works
60,000.00
TOTAL LOAN WORKS
38,121.91
299,435.25 1,151.65
\
수
Q 49
V.
WORKS.
in the 1939 Estimates and progressive expenditure.
BY SUB-DEPARTMENTS.
Electrical. Port Works.
Roads.
Water Works.
$
$
Expenditure 1939.
Total Expenditure
up to 31.12.39.
9,190.45
6,110.05
2,217.98
279,983.47
* 860,126.10
106.76
9,297.21
38,228.67 † 38,228.67
{
8,199.56 76,476.17
8,199.56 r 88,740.74
76,476.17
129,657.57
89,741.97
136,466.44
226,208.41
808,009.53
2,208.52
126,526.42
2,208.52
11,651.24
126,526.42
149,307.22
39,357.56 39,357.56
41,212.51
21,566.22
21,566.22
40,813.47
22,074.98
22,074.98
66,663.23
332,323.18
332,323.18
586,216.57
106,192.42
106,192.42
106,192.42
31,957.64
31,957.64
41,957.64
93,684.38
93,684.38
93,684.38
54,256.77
54,256.77
54,256.77
1,120.32
90,862.29
90,862.29
48,548.02
48,548.02
48,548.02
1,120.32
1,120.32
1,099,838.28
6,110.05
1,102,056.26 1,508,912.71
* $50,000 shown under App. VI (c). † $860,126.10 shown under App. VI (b).
.
+
Q 51
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE CROWN LANDS AND SURVEYS
DEPARTMENT, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT, HONG KONG, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
1. The staff of this Department as authorized for the year ending 31st December, 1939, consisted of:-The Superintendent of Crown Lands and Surveys, Assistant Superintendent of Crown Lands, (a) Assistant Superintendent of Surveys, (b) eight Land Surveyors, five First Class Assistant Land Surveyors (Chinese), four Second Class Assistant Land Surveyors (Chinese), (c) twenty-three Third Class Assistant Land Surveyors (Chinese), (d) four computers (Chinese), eighty-two Survey Coolies, one Chief Draughtsman, (e) eighteen Draughtsmen (Chinese), two Senior Land Bailiffs, (f) five Land Bailiffs; one clerk: Senior Clerical and Accounting Staff (Local Section), seven clerks :-Junior Clerical Service (Chinese), seven office Attendants and Messengers.
EXPENDITURE.
2. The statement of costs is as follows:-
Personal Emoluments (Salaries, etc.)
$331,678.42
Boundary Stones
3,035.08
Survey of Colony
2,883.81
Surveying Instruments and Contingencies
152.57
Transport and Travelling Expenses
1,953.44
Upkeep of Triangulation Monuments
40.00
Drawing Materials and Mounting Plans
3,856.10
Incidental Expenses, General
400.93
Uniforms
Electric Fans, Lights and Gas
163.46
1,888.38
General Works-"Miscellaneous, New Kowloon"
General Works-"Miscellaneous, Kowloon"
General Works "Miscellaneous, Hong Kong"
360.00
Total....
$346,412.19
a On long leave.
b One resigned on 26.5.39.
One on long leave.
One called up for Naval Service on 13.9.39.
c One died on 10.12.39.
d Two newly appointed on 1.10.39.
Two promoted to 3rd Class Assistant Land Surveyor.
One to Roads Office.
e
Four temporary tracers appointed on 21.11.39.
f Including one seconded from D.O./N. 24.10.38 to 6.2.39.
Q 52
REVENUE.
3. The total amount of revenue received for the year 1939 was :-
Premia
Boundary Stone Fees and Survey Fees
Permits, Fees from
Plans sold to the public
2,139,818.81*
23,469.00
322,670.36
Temporary Piers, Fees from
Total....
801.00
2,905.37
$2,489,664.54
Note: The above amount includes sums of $14,277.60 and $17,872.45 collected by the District Officer, North and District Officer, South respectively during the year.
*Includes $839,704.12 from Government House and City Development Fund.
CROWN LANDS.
4. Land Sales, Extensions, Grants etc:-The total amount of premia paid into the Treasury during the year was $2,147,850.06 of which $23,469.00 was derived from fees for survey and boundary stones. The estimates for the year were $750,000.00 for premia on new leases and $30,000.00 for boundary stones and survey fees. Table A gives a comparative statement and Table B gives a graph of the revenue derived from land sales, etc. for the year 1930-1939.
5. Sales by Public Auction:-These are included in Table A at the end of this report. The principal ones involved the sales in Hong Kong of (a) a lot of 63,400 square feet to the China Motor Bus Company, Limited, and (b) a lot of 158,000 square feet to Messrs. Concrete Products, Limited & Eu Tong Sen, Limited, premia realized being $63,400.00 & $31,600.00 respectively; in Kowloon of (a) a lot of 57,190 square feet which realized a premium of $42,893.00 and (b) a lot of 50,000 square feet which realized a premium of $37,600.00.
6. Sales without Auction, Extensions, Conversions & Exchanges:-These are all included in Table A.
7. Grants on nominal terms:-These are all included in Table A.
8. Grants on short leases: These are all included in Table A.
9. Extensions of terms of leases: The leases of Inland Lot No. 2323 (The World Theatre) and Garden Lot No. 46 were extended for further periods of three and twenty-one years respectively, the former at a rental of $5,500.00 per month and the latter for a premium of $212.80.
10. Piers: (a) Permanent:-In Kowloon an extension of 9,700 square feet was granted to Kowloon Permanent Pier No. 7 at a premium of $9,700.00.
(b) Temporary:-Licences to erect four new piers, three in Hong Kong and one in the New Territories were issued during the year. Total fees for the year for all temporary piers amounted to $2,905.37 and premia $1,228.00.
11. Re-entries:-Twenty lots in Hong Kong, five lots in Kowloon, four lots in New Kowloon, 144 lots in the New Territories, Southern District, and 310 lots in the New Territories, Northern District, were re-entered during the year. Re-entries on one lot in Hong Kong and two in New Kowloon were cancelled.
2
Q 53
12. Permits to occupy land for short periods:-These were of a very miscell- aneous character and too numerous to admit of individual mention. (a) In Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon, 511 new permits were issued and 301 cancelled for various reasons. The total number of permits in force during the year was 5,973 and the fees collected amounted to $319,528.00.
་
(b) In the New Territories, excluding New Kowloon, the permit fees collected amounted to $2,650.56 in the Northern District and $491.80 in the Southern District.
13. Prospecting and Mining Licences and Mining Leases: No Prospecting Licences, Mining Licences or Mining Leases were granted during the year.
14. Cemeteries:-An area of seven acres (about) at D.D. 399, Ting Kau, was sold to Lady Clara Ho Tung as a cemetery for Buddhists.
DRAWING OFFICE.
15. A staff of one Chief Draughtsman and fourteen Chinese Draughtsmen was employed during the year. This staff was increased in November by four temporary tracers. 11,209 plans as detailed below were prepared in connection with 105 land sales, 642 leases and miscellaneous permits, exchanges, etc.
Land Sales
Leases
Miscellaneous
Original drawings.
Tracings.
Prints.
210
630
1,284
1,605
200
7,280
210
1,484
9,515
Eighty-eight plans were prepared and sold to the public the sum realized being
A large number was supplied to various Government Departments.
$801.00.
were
16. Trigonometrical Surveys. Beacons at the following stations. inspected: Beacon Hill, Boa Vista, Bowen Road, Cape D'Aguilar, Cha Kwo Ling, Collinson Base N., Deep Water Bay, Diamond Hill, Hill 800, Jardine's Look-Out, Kai Lung Wan, Kowloon Peak, Lai Chi Kok, Lai Koo, Ma On Shan, Mission Hill, Mount Butler, Mount Collinson, Mount Kellett, Mount Gough, Mount Nicholson, Mount Parker, Overbays, Partridge Hill, Pokfulam Reservoir, Pottinger Peak, Quarry Bay, Red Hill, Shek O Gap, Shek O Peak, Stanley, Stanley Mound, Summit Hill, Tai Koo, Tate's Cairn, Victoria Peak, Violet Hill, Water Tank, Whitty Street and Wong Ma Kok.
Secondary Trigonometrical Stations were Island and Middle Island.
established and valued at George.
Trigonometrical Survey Beacons at Brick Hill and Mount Senhouse were
re-built.
17. Revenue Surveys and General. The more important general survey work carried out during the year included the following:-
Hong Kong Island.
(a) A survey of twelve miles of coast line on the Island was carried out, plotted to a scale of 1/600 and finally reduced to a scale of 1/2,400. This survey comprised the coast line from Stanley Bay to South Bay, from Deep Water Bay to Aberdeen Bay, and the following islands :-Aplichau, Middle Island and Round Island.
Q 54
(b) The beaches and bathing matsheds at Middle Bay, Repulse Bay, South Bay, Stanley Bay and Tytam Bay were re-surveyed and plotted to a scale of 1/600. The area thus surveyed and plotted totalled 10.5 acres.
(c) A total length of 5,000 feet of constructed nullahs at Pokfulam was
surveyed and plotted.
(d) An area comprising fifty-eight acres was set out between Aberdeen and Deep Water Bay and three lots comprising 2.02 acres,_ 5.69 acres and 6.48 acres respectively were set out adjoining Dairy Farm Lot Nos. 3 and 4 at Pokfulam.
(e) An extension to Kai Lung Wan Cemetery, West, comprising four acres
was demarcated on the ground.
(f) Three garden lots at Stanley held by St. Stephen's College, Stanley were surveyed and boundaries adjusted for conversion into a rural building lot. The total area involved was thirty-five acres and chainage 7,500 feet.
(g) A considerable amount of survey work was carried out, and numerous plans prepared, in connexion with War Department land and encroachments. Transfer plans prepared included the following:-
War Department Lot No. 42
5.02 acres.
46
1.50 acres.
""
""
""
*
Reserve adjoining W.D.L. No. 46
7.60 acres.
War Department Lot No. 47
1.63 acres.
Reserve adjoining W.D.L. No. 47
16.00 acres.
War Department Lot No. 49
0.05 acres.
New Kowloon.
(a) An area comprising twenty-seven acres between Po Kong and Chuk Un Villages was surveyed and plotted to a scale of 1/600. Boundaries of private lots were plotted and also all illegal structures.
(b) New Kowloon Cemetery No. 8, Diamond Hill (area 100 acres), the suggested site for the Roman Catholic Cemetery at Kowloon Tong (area fourteen acres) and the site for the Biological Products Laboratory at Kap Shek Mei (ten acres) were set out.
New Territories.
(a) A survey of Tai Po Kau forestry reserve comprising 337 acres was carried out and plotted to a scale of 1/2,400. This plan was made for the requirements of the Superintendent of the Botanical and Forestry Depart-
ment.
(b) A survey of Tao Fong Shan and environs at Sha Tin, comprising 341 acres, was carried out and plotted to a scale of 1/1,200. This plan was made for the requirements of the District Officer, North.
(c) The proposed site at Kam Tsin for a middle school of the Lingnam University was surveyed and plans to a scale of 1/2,400 prepared. (area sixteen acres).
(d) A plan of Tsun Wan market to a scale of 1/600, showing all private lot
boundaries and totalling an area of twenty acres was prepared.
(e) The coast-line between D.D. 446 Lot No. 262, Tsun Wan, and Kwai Chung
Village was surveyed and plotted; length 1,700 feet.
1
Q 55
(f) The plotting of the catchwater, adjoining stream courses and footpaths from Kowloon main reservoir to the North of Statue Rock was completed; length plotted 9,900 feet.
(g) Surveys were carried out for the preparation of transfer plans in connection
with the following War Department areas :—
War Department Lot No. 44
2.22 acres.
45
3.58 acres.
دو
J
>"
وو
Reserve adjoining W.D.L. No. 45
7.50 acres.
War Department Lot No. 48
1.76 acres.
Reserve adjoining W.D.L. No. 48
9.36 acres.
18. Portions of the following roads were surveyed and plotted to a scale of
1/600.
Castle Peak Road
Anderson Road
Pineapple Pass Road
New road leading to Sun Wan
Length
Length
Surveyed.
Plotted.
11,300
6,500
4,700
4,700
2,100
2,100
1,500
1,500
Permanent Cemetery, Tsun Wanf
19. Surveys were made in detail for plans to be attached to Crown Leases of 564 lots. These surveys entailed very accurate measurements of all boundaries, dimensions in every case being given to the nearest inch. Co-ordinate values of each angle of a lot were obtained and areas computed by double departures. Particulars of tenure etc. were prepared in each case and forwarded to the Land Officer.
20. Surveys were made of twelve lots for plans to be attached to deeds of surrender.
21. The boundaries of 414 areas (building lots, permit area, quarries etc.) were set out and the frontage lines to streets of 231 lots were checked.
22. 2,323 stones were fixed to define the boundaries of 580 lots and forty-nine concrete boundary posts to define cemeteries and quarries.
23. Seventy-five picket boxes were fixed during the year.
24. Boundaries of numerous lots and street alignments were set out for the Roads and Drainage sub-departments.
25. Nineteen surveys were made and plans prepared for the Police Department in connection with criminal cases.
26. The annual perambulation of the Anglo-Chinese boundary and inspection. of boundary marks was carried out.
Q 56
SURVEY OF THE COLONY.
27. The following tabulated statement shows the work done under this
Area surveyed
Reduced to
heading:
Area in acres
Locality.
in acres.
Area plotted in acres.
Chainage in feet.
1/2,400 scale.
Scale 1/600.
HONG KONG ISLAND.
City of Victoria
7
Wongneichong
12.68
12.68
14,400
10.00
Tai Hang
Shaukiwan
Lyemun
26.40
26.40
21,080
21.40
Quarry Bay
Pokfulam
Kai Lung Wan
37.90
37.90
24,500
37.90
Aberdeen
Aplichau
14.40
14.40
11,700
14.40
Repuse Bay
Chung Am Kok ...
45.73
45.73
30,680
38.00
Stanley
Shek O
21.50
21.50
11,000
21.50
KOWLOON
15.50
15.50
11,000
15.50
NEW KOWLOON
31.90
31.90
28,000
31.90
Cha Kwo Ling
33.70
33.70
19,880 ;
33.70
Kun Tong
13.00
10.00
8,700
10.00
A
Ngau Tau Kok
12.00
12.00
3,500
12.00
NEW TERRITORIES.
Cheung Chau
14.70
14.70
6,900
Hang Hau
5.00
5.00
1,800
5.00
Kam Tin
10.00
12,100
Kam Tsin
30.00
30.00
9,744
30.00
Nam Hang
8.00
8.00
2,000
Ping Chau
3.00
3.00
3,800
Sha Tin
60.00
60.00
25,100
Tai Po
9.00
9.00
3,700
9.00
Tai Po Kau
82.50
82.50
29,017
82.50
Tseng Lan Chui
15.30
15.30
6,300
Tsing I
6.00
6.00
2,100
Tsun Wan
123.00
113.00
47,800
70.00
Yau Kam Tau
10.00
10.00
11,900
Locality.
Q 57
REVISION
Area surveyed
Area
in acres.
plotted in acres.
Chainage
in feet.
Area in acres
Reduced to
1/2,400
scale.
Scale 1/600.
HONG KONG ISLAND.
City of Victoria
34.20
34.20
25,200
45.00
The Peak
10.17
23.48
8,068
23.48
Aberdeen
11.60
11.60
7,100
11.60
Quarry Bay
4.50
4.50
3,000
4.50
Repulse Bay
4.00
4.00
1,600
4.00
Shaukiwan
3.50
3.50
3,900
3.50
Stanley
9.20
9.20
5,300
9.20
KOWLOON
61.50
61.50
36,800
61.50
NEW KOWLOON
166.00
166.00
73,950
166.00
28. Traverses.
Locality.
From Sta. No. 38 Shaukiwan Main Street
to Sta. No. 37 Ah Kung Ngam
Chainage in feet.
Misclose
Angular. Linear.
4,743
0'.30"
1 in 12,480
From Sta. No. 1 King's Road to Sta.
No. 33 King's Road
15,426
0'.10"
1 in 21,650
From Sta. No. 24 Repulse Bay Road to Sta, No. 34 Wongneichong Gap Road
3,216
0'.15′′
1 in 10,370
From Sta. No. 21 Repulse Bay Road to
Overbays Trig. Sta., Island Road ......
4,724
1'.10"
1 in 7,870
From Sta. No. 46 Tai Hang Road to Sta.
No. 130 Gap Road
6,794
1'.45"
1 in 29,500
From Picket Box No. 270 Tai Po to Sta. No. 65 in Main Traverse No. 45 .....
7,515
1'.40"
1 in 10,155
From Picket Box No. 43 Customs Pass to
Cha Kwo Ling Trig. Sta.
20,203
2'.40"
1 in 11,037
From Picket Box No. 217, Grampian Road to P.B. No. 53 near New Kowloon
Cemetery No. 1
2,230
1'.30"
1 in 12,360
From Un Long to Ping Shan
5,700
0'.40"
1 in 6,000
29. Large Scale Maps. In Hong Kong twenty-three new size survey sheets scale 1/600 and one sheet scale 1/2,400 were taken up. The tracing of the 1/2,400 survey sheets of the City and Peak District was completed.
In New Kowloon two new size survey sheets scale 1/600 were taken up and in the New Territories twenty-eight new size sheets scale 1/600 and four sheets scale 1/2,400 were taken up.
The 1/126,720 scale map of the Colony was revised.
Q 58
30. Contour Surveys and Levelling. The following contour surveys were carried out during the year. In all cases the suveys were plotted to a scale of 1/600 and contours plotted at ten feet vertical intervals.
Locality.
Area surveyed in acres.
Area plotted
Chainage
in
in acres.
feet.
HONG KONG ISLAND:-
Site of proposed road from Causeway Bay to Mount Parker Road...
50.00
50.00
19,000
Building sites between South Bay
Road and Island Road
50.75
50.75
20,000
Mt. Cameron
15.00
6.00
6,650
Six other areas totalling
19.75
19.75
13,200
NEW KOWLOON.
Kowloon Tong
12.00
12.00
3,000
NEW TERRITORIES.
Tsun Wan
155.00
125.00
31,000
LEVELLING OF THE COLONY.
year.
Owing to shortage of staff very little levelling work was carried out during the
The bench mark on mile-stone No. 16 at Tai Lam Chung and Bench Mark 180, Barker Road were re-valued.
All bench marks in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were inspected during the year and those missing were recorded for future re-fixing.
Mean Sea Level for 1938 was computed from tide gauge records.
H. WEST,
Superintendent of Crown Lands and Surveys.
Hong Kong, 1939.
+
:
TABLE A.
LAND SALES 1930-1939.
明
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
No. of
Lots.
1939
1
212.80
Sales by Auction Hong Kong
Kowloon
New Kowloon
New Territories
Sales without Auction Hong Kong
655,284.00
276,251.00
409,325.00
34,369.00
43,572.00
102,674.00
329,267.00
313,369.00
44
496,383.00
2,005,515.00 1,593,215.19
241,586.00
268,326.00
21,000.00
57,670.00
108,100.00
78,150.00
464,955,00
32
346,865.00
715,802,53
281,194.00
149,059.00
150,986.00
10,940.00
68,065.00
65,400.00
328,181.00
28
282,136.00
33,615.40
30,904.00
47,411.50
21,224.50
11,240.00
18,517.00
21,492.00
22,763.00
325
21,443.00
2,140.00
55,238.07
1,250,000,00
52,423.00
36,966.00
7,634.70
209.25
12,804.40
663.75
Kowloon
663,396.20
486.60
65,340.00
2,000.00
3,000.00
1,470.00
1
40,250.00
New Kowloon
28,185.39
39,303.30
11,550.00
6,592.00
179.98
1,010.00
New Territories
5,541.58
6,708.16
8,581.93
1,575.00
696,24
3,156.00
4,131.00
811.00
74
2,958.55
Extensions granted Hong Kong
26,013.60
68,869.17
29,901.39
204,594.97
16,600.65
19,134.65
11,442.85
35,716.00
25
39,582,55
Kowloon
62,320.68
21,880.84
50,777.39
32,209.61
16,018.59
47,343.27
880.25
10,105.38
14,426.41
12
25,792.87
New Kowloon
4,507.10
44,376,49
1,495.19
3,588.95
New Territories
331.60
2,650.81
Grants on Nominal terms Hong Kong
1,940.88
2.00
1,519.90
413.76
223.64
1,909.94
259.00
221.53
2,096.43
9
3,757.60
1,131.00
991.40
20
1,326.00
Kowloon
New Kowloon
New Territories
Grants or Extensions to grants on Leases.
Hong Kong Kowloon
New Kowloon
New Territories
Premia derived from sale of rights to erect Piers
64,496.72
41,544.32
448.90
54,619.72
Q 59
Hong Kong
1,140.00
235.00
2,309.00
Kowloon
379.00
17,423.00
16,500.00
206.50
4,900.50
2,824.38
28,229.73
1
9,700.00
New Kowloon
59,729.40
132.00
New Territories
754.00
Hong Kong, Kowloon, New
948.00
1,494.97
1,264.00
1,295.02
460.00
1,271.00
1,247.00
1,228.00
Kowloon & New Territories
63.00
(temporary)
Fees for Boundary Stones to define Lots.
Hong Kong
3,789.25
12,844.75
8,300.25
7,082.50
14,865.00)
20,163.00
18,815.00)
10,479.00)
12,920.75)
13,016.00)
Kowloon
New Kowloon
New Territories
Conversions & Exchanges Hong Kong
Kowloon
New Kowloon New Territories
Total
7,626.50
12,862.75/
*
9,499.25) *
6,823.00
6,064.75
8,798,00
7,400.50
3,601.50*
6,278.00
*
3,339.00
6,554.50)
5,466.00)
4,079.00j
4,192.00
4,684.00 *
*
1,204.00
1,082.00
2,640.00 *
766.50
590.00
452.00
748.75'
668.00
376.00
138.00
356.00
2,270.00'
18,810,00
64,820.00
5,317,00
1,674.00
1,150.00
104.45
401.85
21
19,471.50
144,465.61
57,353.00
75,162.00
6,155.00
4,884.00
45.00
9,848.00
20,718.00
291,097.96
94,586.00
37,076.00
3,573.00
2,220.00
1,568.00
400.00
423.00
28
10,828.00
477.03
1,035.81
391.14
211.64
324.28
458.80
455.80
465.93
263
1,010.14
2,943,727.143,535,899.79
2,896,225.30 3,192,551.36
1,368,044.20 1,416,730.66
2,367,808.36 2,257,996.67
Actual amount of premia paid into the Treasury $
* Includes fee for survey.
1,348,530.76 2,182,281.44
The difference between the above totals is account for by the payment of premium and interest, and also failure to pay premium on transactions during the year, refunds and readjustments.
570,720,80
587,505.40
295,052,82
278,609,35
410,896.66
309,003.78
598,071.38
557,690.87
1,231,764.05 1,207,280.74
A
TABLE B
GRAPH OF THE REVENUE DERIVED FROM LAND SALES ETC. FOR PERIOD 1930 TO 1939 (H.K.,K.,N.K. & N.T.)
$ 3,600,000
5
4
3
2
$ 3,000,000-
9
8
7
6
$2,500,000-
4
3
2
1
$2,000,000-
9
8
7
6
4
3
2
1
$ 1,500,000-
$ 1,000,000-
$
$
9
8
7
6
500,000-
4
3
2
100,000-
ON
THE FIGURES INCLUDE: SALES BY AUCTION, SALES WITHOUT AUCTION, PREMIA EXTENSIONS GRANTED; PREMIA FROM PIERS; PREMIA ON CONVERSION AND EXCHANGES, FEES FOR BOUNDARY STONES AND SURVEY FEES, TOTAL AMOUNT FOR PERIOD 1930-1939
$14,670,515.96.
Q 61
REPORT ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE HONG KONG WATERWORKS
FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1939.
I.
The Report is arranged under the following heads-
INTRODUCTORY
II. GENERAL RESUME
III. WATER WORKS RECURRENT:--
Paragraphs 1-4
5-18
(i) Maintenance of Waterworks :-
(a) Island, (b) Kowloon, (c) New Territories.
19-86
""
(ii) Maintenance of Meters
87-92
(iii) Maintenance of Workshop
93-96
"
(iv) Renewals and Improvements
IV. PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY
97-109
110-119
"
V. WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES
120-131
""
VI. LOAN WORKS
132-198
·
VIII. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
IX. CONCLUSION
VII. OTHER WORKS
199
>>
200-202
""
203-204
وو
I. INTRODUCTORY.
2. Since 1st January 1939 the Waterworks have been administered on a separate financial basis the charges for the services being based on the cost.
3. A new Waterworks Ordinance (No. 20 of 1938) which generally modernised the old Waterworks Ordinance (No. 16 of 1903) was brought into force on the above date.
4. The effects of the above changes were briefly as follows:- (a) The free allowance of water, hitherto in force, equivalent to 2% of the rateable value, was abolished, all water consumed and registered by meter now being charged for and in addition a 1% charge being made for the privilege of having a supply available and to provide water for street fountains, Government buildings, fire fighting and street washing.
(b) The new rates for water consumed compared with those formerly charged for excess over the free allowance were generally reduced as shown in Appendix I.
(c) The licensing of plumbers, the standards for fittings and power to demand
deposits were authorized.
(d) A Renewals Fund was established for the purpose of replacing existing
works, plant and equipment.
II. GENERAL RESUME.
5. The Staff of the Waterworks as authorized for the year ending December 31st 1939 and not including those engaged on Contract work, consisted of :- (European) 1 Waterworks Engineer in charge, 4 Engineers, 1 Accountant, 14 Inspectors of Works, (Non-European) 1 Apprentice Engineer, 1 Draughtsman, 28 Clerical and Office Staff, 28 Meter Readers and House Service Inspectors, 12 other
- Q 62
monthly paid staff and 732 daily paid staff in the Maintenance Section and (European) 1 Executive Engineer in charge, 3 Engineers, 4 Inspectors of Works, (Non-European) 2 Draughtsmen, 1 Land Surveyor and 74 daily paid staff in the Construction Section.
6. The rainfall for the year, recorded at the Royal Observatory, was 86.71 inches. This amount was 31.35 inches more than last year and was 2.41 more than the average for the past fifty six years which was 84.30 inches. Details of the rainfall at the various Waterworks gauges are given in Appendix II.
7. The low rainfall year of 1938 necessitated the continuance of the restricted hours of supply which were in force at the end of that year. The early Spring and Summer rains in 1939 however enabled increased hours of supply to be given but due to the abnormal growth in population caused mainly by the influx of refugees from South China the storage, filtering and distribution resources of the Colony were insufficient to maintain a full supply.
8. Appendix VIII shows the consumptions of the Island and Mainland, singly and combined, for the past 21 years from which the rapid growth will be seen. The combined consumption of 8,787.93 million gallons (apart from village supplies in the New Territories) increased for the year by an average daily amount of 2.77 to 26.82 million gallons per day.
9. Distribution on the Island was particularly difficult as usual but the new Cross Harbour mains, the new pumping stations at Garden Road and Albany and the new service reservoir at Peak Road assisted greatly in coping with the increased demands for water.
10. The standard of purity of water accepted to the end of the year was B. Coli absent in 10 c.c. but from the results of examination given later in this report it will be seen that the purity of the water far exceeded this standard.
After con- sultation with the Medical Authorities it has been decided to adopt a standard of B. Coli absent in 50 c.c. for 1940 and at some future date, when facilities permit, to adopt the standard recommended by the Ministry of Health in "Bacteriological Examination of Water Supplies". Towards the end of the year arrangements were made for the sampling of water to enable the degree of purity to be established both at the point of entry into the distribution systems and at the point of delivery to
consumers.
11. Waste detection was proceeded with but was restricted owing to lack of staff, late arrival of equipment and to difficulties encountered by having to shut off supplies in the mains at night owing to restricted hours of supply. Testing and stamping of fittings was however introduced during the year.
12. Further investigations of leakage were made at Pineapple Pass dam of Jubilee Reservoir and remedial measures to arrest leakage at the low gaps of the same reservoir were carried out.
13. The workshops in Hong Kong and Kowloon were both heavily taxed in coping with the requirements for maintenance of Waterworks and other plants and repair of meters generally. As the accommodation and plant at these two Workshops are quite inadequate provision has been made for the construction of new ones at other sites. The total numbers of meters in use in 1939 on the Island and Mainland combined was 26,700 compared with 24,457 in 1938, an increase of 2,243. Of the above 18,435 were repaired and tested during the year compared with 17,104 in 1938, an increase of 1,331. The percentage of meters repaired to total number of meters in use was 69% or an overhaul of each meter every 17 months. It is proposed to increase this rate of repair by overhauling each meter after a fixed consumption for each size or at a maximum period of 12 months. In connection with the maintenance of Government buildings 1,776 items of work were carried out during the year on the Island and 2,368 on the Mainland making a total of 4,144 items.
↓
Q 63
14. A commencement was made to replace and improve certain of the existing works under the RENEWALS AND IMPROVEMENTS FUND and details thereof are given later in this Report. Work was delayed somewhat by late delivery of plant from England due to lack of shipping consequent upon the outbreak of war.
15. The works carried out under PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY and WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES were mainly in connection with water services necessary for other offices and are detailed later in this Report.
16. Good progress was made under the LOAN SCHEDULE with the construction of new works the majority of which have been authorized to make up deficiencies in catchment area, filtration, service reservoir and distribution capacities for the present raw water resources. Photographs of some of these works are attached to this Report. Investigations, for further resources, involving surveys, borings and prickings for dam foundations were carried out in the Tai Lam Chung Valley.
17. Under the head of "OTHER WORKS" new pedestal hydrants were fixed for the Fire Brigade.
18. Details of Waterworks Revenue and Expenditure are given in the accounts but comparisons with previous years cannot be made owing to changes in the system.
III.
(i)
WATERWORKS RECURRENT.
MAINTENANCE OF WATERworks.
(A) ISLAND.
Hours of Supply.
19. The hours of supply were as follows:-
Hours of supply
Period.
per day.
Total number of days.
Full supply
17th - 19th February
18 hours
23rd May 11th June
14th 30th June
—
2nd and 4th July.
1st and 3rd July
42
2
4 a.m.
-
10 p.m.
17 hours
-
5th July 29th August
5 a.m.
10 p.m.
1st September 31st December
178
15 hours
13th - 22nd May
10
6 a.m. 9 p.m.
10 hours
22nd April 12th May
-
-
6 11 a.m.
12th and 13th June
4-9 p.m.
30th and 31st August
25
8 hours
1st January 16th February
6 - 10 a.m.
20th February - 21st April
108
4-8 p.m.
Full supply was thus maintained for 42 days compared with 226 days in 1938.
- Q 64
Storage.
20. The quantity of water in the impounding reservoirs at various times during the year was as follows, further details being given in Appendix III:-
Storage (million gallons)
Date.
Remarks.
Gravitation
Pumping
Total.
Reservoirs. Reservoirs.
1st January 1939 1st
434.31
1940
393.44
918.07 1,173.08
1,352.38 1,566.52
Increase 214.14 million gallons
15th April 1939
317.14
331.62
648.76
Minimum storage
23rd-24th May 1939
30th-31st
""
""
653.76
1,708.79
2,362.55
All reservoirs full on 12
1st-4th June
وو
days.
13th-16th
""
21. The various reservoirs were at or over their permanent overflow levels for the following periods:-
Tytam
Reservoirs.
Capacity at permanent
overflow levels (million gallons).
361.79
Tytam Byewash
22.40
Tytam Intermediate
195.90 *
Tytam Tuk
1,406.00 *
Wongneichong
30.34
Pokfulam
66.00
Aberdeen Upper
173.23
Aberdeen Lower
106.89 *
Total
2,362.55
Overflow Periods.
31 days, from 21st April
to 11th September.
20 days, from 30th April
to 16th June. 171 days, from 22nd May to 8th November. 93 days, from 23rd May to 10th September. 17 days, from 22nd May
to 16th June.
28 days, from 21st April to 10th September. 73 days, from 21st April to 10th September. 107 days, from 12th May
to 12th September.
*Pumping Reservoirs.
Pumping.
22. The amount of filtered water pumped by the various pumping stations on the distribution system are given in Appendix IV. The total amount pumped to the Peak was 64.37 million gallons or a daily average of about 176,000 gallons and to the high level districts 205.60 million gallons or a daily average of about 560,000 gallons. In addition an amount of 318.10 million gallons of filtered water, equal to a daily average of about 870,000, was pumped for consumption in the City district.
23. Unfiltered water was pumped from the storage reservoirs by the Tytam Tuk and Aberdeen pumping stations.
t
L
1
24. At Tytam Tuk 1,590.71 million gallons less than in 1938. the year.
Q 65
million gallons were pumped, which was 300.32 Pumping was carried out on 286 days during
25. At Aberdeen the upper pumps worked 168 hours and the lower pumps for 2,858 hours.
26. Details of the pumping power costs are given in Appendix V.
Filtration.
27. The total amounts of water filtered at each filtration plant are given in Appendix VI.
Consumption.
28. The total quantity of filtered and unfiltered water supplied amounted to 5,801.98 million gallons, representing an average daily consumption of 15.90 million gallons per day, which included 1,764.62 million gallons (filtered) from the Mainland and 83.61 million gallons unfiltered. The total consumption was 602.95 million gallons or 1.65 million gallons per day more than in 1938. Water was supplied from the Mainland throughout the year, the daily average being 4.83 million gallons which is equal to 30.4% of the Island average consumption.
29. The average consumption of water per head per day for all purposes was 16.5 gallons. In arriving at this figure the population has been estimated at 960,000.
30. The quantity of water supplied by meters was 4,582.11 million gallons, so that 79.0% of the total consumption was accounted for by meters, compared with 73.5% in 1938. After making allowance for water used through public standpipes, for washing filters, mains and service reservoirs, at fires, etc., it is estimated that 81.6% of the total consumption was accounted for compared with 76.1% in 1938. The improvement over 1938 is due partly to the increased time and labour spent on maintenance of meters and partly to waste detection. Details of consumptions are given in Appendices III, VII and VIII.
Quality of Water.
31. During the year samples of water were examined by the Government Bacteriologist with the following results
Raw Water.
:
Total number of samples examined
..
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 10 c.c. Number shewing B. C. C. present in 10 c.c. or less
Filtered Water
Unchlorinated.
Total number of samples examined
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 10 c.c.
Number shewing B. C. C. present in 10 c.c. or less
.. 96
11=11.4% 85=88.6%
105
74=70.5%
31=29.5%
Tap Water Filtered and Chlorinated.
(Mainly from inside services).
Total number of samples examined
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 50 c.c.
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 10 c.c.
1,018
872=85.7% 111=10.9% 35= 3.4%
Number shewing B. C. C. present in 10 c.c. or less
32. The supply was treated with 19,554 pounds of liquid chlorine and 7,770 pounds of chloride of lime during the year, which is equivalent to an average admixture of chlorine of about one half part per million.
33. The analyses by the Government Chemist shewed that the filtered water was of excellent quality throughout the year.
Q 66
Waste Detection.
34. An outline of the waste detection scheme was given in paragraph 213 of the 1938 Departmental Report.
35. Three additional inspectors were employed on the house to house inspection of inside services, making a total of six on this work. 15,962 inspections were made, and 3,556 notices to repair or alter defective services were served on consumers as a result of these inspections.
36. 608 taps were re-washered free of charge to consumers.
37. 31 tests were made by Deacon waste detection meters with very good results. Owing to lack of European staff due to the incidence of leave and to the restriction of the supply at night the number of tests made was small, but it is hoped to increase the number appreciably in 1940.
38. The testing and stamping of fittings to be used on inside services was commenced on 15th August by which date the necessary appliances had arrived from England. By the end of the year 3,916 fittings had been tested and stamped.
39. The fixing of waste detection meters and the alterations to the distribution system to facilitate testing, are dealt with under NEW WORKS (LOAN) of this Report.
House Service.
40. The number of meters fixed and permanently removed during the year was as follows:
Type.
Fixed.
Removed.
Increase.
Domestic
945
139
806
Trade
Construction
84
71
13
Shipping
1
1
Government
30
5
25
Totals
1,060
215
845
41. 2,498 requisitions for work to be carried out for consumers at their cost were dealt with.
42. 2,382 applications from licensed plumbers for permission to carry out work on inside services were approved.
43. 8,248 inspections of services were made by European Inspectors of Works.
10,098 meters were removed for repair and refixed.
44.
45.
4 new fire services were connected to the mains.
46. 136 licences to carry out work on inside water services were issued to plumbers after investigation of their knowledge and facilities to carry out such work.
47. Under "Maintenance of Government Buildings" 1,776 items of work were carried out in connection with the maintenance and minor alterations to inside services and the costs charged to that vote.
,
48. Under "Improvements to Government Buildings" new roof tanks to the Architectural, Building Ordinance and Roads Office buildings were connected to the existing flushing system, the cost being charged to that vote.
t
*
- Q 67
General.
49. All Waterworks structures, plant, buildings, conduits, pipe lines, valves, etc., were maintained in good condition during the year. The I. P. crankpin of No. 3 pumping engine at Tytam Tuk fractured in October and repairs were carried out by the Taikoo Dockyard & Engineering Co. at a cost of $3,360.00. Nos. 1 and 2 pumping units at Tytam Tuk were condemned by Board of Survey and disposed of in May.
50. The new Garden Road pumping station was put into use on the 3rd of February, and the new Albany pumping station and Peak Road Service Reservoir on the 13th of April.
51. The two new 20′′ cross harbour mains were both in use by the end of August.
52. At the end of the year there were in use in the distribution system :- 156 miles of mains (details in Appendix IX), 107 public standpipes, 211 pedestal hydrants, 727 underground hydrants and 174 fire services.
53. The Village Supplies are now considered part of the general water supply system on the Island and the maintenance thereof is included in the general report.
(B) KOWLOON.
Hours of Supply.
54. The hours of supply were as follows:-
Hours of supply.
Period.
Days.
8 hours (6 a.m.-10 p.m.) (4 p.m.- 8 p.m.)
January 1st February 16th
47
Full Supply.
8 hours (6 a.m.-10 p.m.) (4 p.m.- 8 p.m.)
*February 17th - 19th
3
February 20th - April 21st
61
10 hours (6 a.m.-11 a.m.) (4 p.m. 9 p.m.)
April 22nd May 12th
21
-
15 hours (6 a.m. - 9 p.m.)
-
May 13th May 22nd
10
Full Supply
May 23rd July 1st
40
18 hours (4 a.m.-10 p.m.) July 2nd and 4th
2
Full Supply
July 3rd
1
17 hours (5 a.m.-10 p.m.)
-
July 5th December 31st
180
* Chinese New Year.
Q 68
Storage.
55. The quantity of water in the impounding reservoirs at various times during the year was as follows, further details being given in Appendix X :-
Date.
Storage (million gallons).
Remarks.
1st January 1939
1,853.29
Increase 846.97 M.G.
1940
2,700.26
29
"2
15th April 1940
1,019.74
Minimum storage.
7th Aug. 9th Sept.
-
3,608.25
All reservoirs full on 13 days.
56. The various reservoirs were at or above their permanent overflow levels for the following periods :-
Reservoirs.
Capacity at permanent
overflow level
Overflow Periods.
(million gallons).
Kowloon
352.50
Kowloon Byewash ....
185.50
Shek Li Pui
116.10
Shing Mun Reception.
33.15
Jubilee
2,921.00
Total
3,608.25
*224 days, from 22nd May
to 31st December. 63 days, from 31st May to 11th September.
32 days, from 19th May to 9th September.
140 days, from 1st January to 16th December. 38 days, from 30th July to 11th September.
* Overflow collected in Byewash Reservoir.
Filtration.
57. A total quantity of 5,749.75 million gallons of water was filtered during the year, 4,305.18 million gallons of which were provided from Jubilee Reservoir and the Smugglers Pass Intake. The Kowloon Slow Sand Beds dealt with 1,555.21 million gallons and the Rapid Gravity Filters at Shek Li Pui filtered the remaining 4,194.54 million gallons. Of the latter quantity 1,764.62 million gallons were supplied to the Island by the Cross Harbour Mains. Details are given in Appendix X.
Consumption.
58. The total quantity of water consumed in Kowloon during the year was 3,985.95 million gallons which included 100.83 million gallons supplied to shipping through Lai Chi Kok Water Boat Dock. These figures represent a total average
1
A
Q. 69
daily supply of 10.92 million gallons per day, a total increase for the year of 409.47 million gallons or 1.12 million gallons per day. The shipping supply consumption was 11.93 million gallons less than last year. Details are shewn in Appendix X.
59. Particulars of the quantity of water supplied by meters are given in Appendix X, the total amount being 3,036.16 million gallons. 76.2% of the total consumption has therefore been accounted for by meters compared with 70.1% in 1938.
60. After making allowance for unmetered supplies through public standpipes, cleaning filter beds, mains and services, fires, etc., it is estimated that 84.5% of the total has been accounted for. The balance is mainly due to losses in the dis- tribution system.
Quality of Water.
61. During the year samples of water were examined by the Government Bacteriologist with the following results:
Raw Water.
Total number of samples examined
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 10 c.c.
Number shewing B. C. C. present in 10 c.c. or less
Filtered Water Unchlorinated.
Total number of samples examined
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 10 c.c.
Number shewing B. C. C. present in 10 c.c. or less....
Tap Water Filtered and Chlorinated.
Total number of samples examined
⇒24
=
2=8.33% =22=91.7%
=24
=23=95.8% 1= 4.2%
=
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 50 c.c.
Number shewing B. C. C. absent in 10 c.c.
=226
Number shewing B. C. C. present in 10 c.c. or less ......=
210=92.9% 13- 5.8%
3= 1.3%
62. During the year the mainland supply was treated with 22,293 lbs. of liquid chlorine which is equivalent to an average admixture of .39 of a part per million.
63. The analyses made by the Government Chemist shewed that the water was of excellent quality throughout the year.
Waste Detection.
64. 16,043 routine inspections of house services were carried out in this connection during the year and notices to alter or repair defective services served on members of the public in 238 instances.
65.
637 taps were re-washered free of charge.
66. 1,419 fittings supplied by licenced plumbers and a further 330 supplied by the Government Store were tested and stamped.
¿
Q 70
House Service.
67. The following metered services were connected or disconnected during the year:
Domestic
Type of Supply.
Trade
Shipping
Building
Government
Connected.
Disconnected.
867
11
176
18
57
61
8
1
1,108
91
68. 130 repairs were carried out to inside services for consumers at their cost.
69. 821 applications from licenced plumbers for permission to carry out work on inside services were received during the year.
70. 772 inspections of new services were carried out in addition to the routine inspections above.
71. Fourteen private fire services were connected to the mains and three were disconnected.
72. Under "Maintenance of Government Buildings" 2,368 items of work were carried out in connection with the maintenance of inside services viz:-2,311 in Kowloon, 24 in Taipo, 18 in Fanling, 13 in Un Long and 2 in Tsun Wan. The costs were charged to that vote.
General.
73. All Waterworks structures, plant, buildings, pipelines, valves, etc. were maintained in good condition during the year.
74. Further to the work carried out at Pineapple Pass Dam of the Jubilee Reservoir described in last year's Departmental Report, and on instructions received from the Consulting Engineers, an exploratory pit was sunk at the South end of the core wall on the downstream face. The core wall was exposed to 611.00 A.P.D. where rock was struck. A large cavity at approximately 624.00 A.P.D. was grouted up under pressure while the water level in the reservoir was still well below this point. As the reservoir level rose water began to percolate into the pit and stood at 618.00 A.P.D. when the reservoir reached the overflow level of 625.00 A.P.D. The percolation was quite small and it was always possible to empty the pit in a day by baling. The leakage through the dam when the reservoir was at overflow level was approximately 6,700 gallons per hour as compared with approximately 7,400 gallons per hour during its last overflow period in 1937.
75. Leakage had been observed early in 1938 at the low gap of Jubilee reservoir which ceased when the level of the water dropped to 594.42 A.P.D. During 1938 the reservoir level did not rise above 594.50 again but in 1939 it
'
4
Q 71
filled and increased leakage over previous figures was observed. In order to check this a row of interlocking steel sheet piles was driven to hard ground but as these measures did not reduce the leakage the following operations were carried out. Eight holes were bored of a total footage of 359 feet of which thirty-nine were in hard and 320 were in soft. Fluorescein dye was experimented with in all holes but no trace of dye was found in other bore holes or externally. Three of these holes were grouted at a pressure of twenty pounds per square inch with a mix of a water/cement ratio of .66 and took seven, sixteen and seventeen cubic feet of grout respectively. The remaining holes were plugged but not grouted. Ten and a half tons of cinder dust were deposited in the reservoir on the water face of the adjacent embankment. None of these measures were satisfactory in reducing the leakage which reached a maximum of 6,750 gallons per minute in September. Accordingly instructions were received from the Consulting Engineers in December to proceed with the construction of a concrete cut off wall across the gap. Plans and specifications were prepared and tenders had been called for at the end of the year.
76. The remedial measures carried out at Yaumati service reservoir last year have proved effective, no further leakage having occurred.
77. At the end of the year there were in use:-95.2 miles of mains (Details in Appendix XI), 120 public standpipes, 170 pedestal hydrants, 360 single under- ground street fire hydrants and 112 private fire services.
78. The following repairs were carried out to the general distribution system:- 2,354 to outside services, 208 to mains and 113 to valves.
79. The flush system was installed at the Water Works Bungalow, Taipo Road, a 7′′ diameter sewer being laid and a reinforced concrete septic tank constructed in the valley below the Shek Li Pui Access Road.
:
(C) NEW TERRITORIES.
Village Supplies.
TAIPO.
80. The total quantity of water supplied during the year was 41.69 million gallons as compared with 43.22 million gallons last year, equivalent to an average consumption of 114,000 gallons per day. There were sixteen public stand pipes and twenty-three fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
FANLING.
81. The total quantity of water supplied during the year was 13.03 million gallons compared with 14.68 million gallons last year, equivalent to an average consumption of 36,000 gallons per day. There were two fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
UN LONG.
82. The total quantity of water supplied during the year was 28.11 million gallons as compared with 20.34 million gallons last year, equivalent to an average consumption of 77,000 gallons per day. There were six public standpipes and twelve fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
Q 72
TSUN WAN.
83. The total quantity of water supplied during the year was 35.87 million gallons as compared with 27.74 million gallons for last year, equivalent to an average daily consumption of 98,000 gallons. There were thirteen public standpipes and eleven fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
84. Details of the Consumptions of the above Village Supplies are given in Appendix XII.
85. The following routine work was carried out to the Village Supplies during the year:
Un
Taipo Fanling Long
Tsun Wan
Routine inspections of inside service
63
23
26
11
Notices to alter or repair defective services.
27
3
6
Inspections of new services
6
3
25
9
Repairs to inside services for members of
the public
Repairs to outside services
2
1
83
9
25
87
86. Metered services in the Villages were connected or disconnected as follows:
Connected
Disconnected
Un Tsun
Taipo Fanling
Long Wan
Taipo Fanling
Un Tsun Long Wan
Domestic
1
1
17
2
1
Trade
1
2
Building
2
3
2
1
Government
3
Co
1
1
Total
-J
7
1
24
7
2
1
2
(ii) MAINTENANCE OF METERS.
87. The numbers of meters repaired and tested during the year were 10,773, including 675 repaired on the site, on the Island, 7,548 in Kowloon and 114 in the New Territories making a total of 7,662 on the Mainland.
89. Three meters on the Island and none on the Mainland were tested under Regulation 7 of the Waterworks Ordinance.
90. At the end of the year there were 15,207 meters in use on the Island and 11,493 on the Mainland, so that the average interval between overhauls of each meter is about seventeen and a half months.
Q 73
91. Details of the numbers of meters in use at the end of the year are as follows:-
ISLAND.
Metered inside services (including Government)
14,971
Check meters on hire to consumers
19
Main meters
22
Meters under repair at Workshop
Meters in House Service Depot
66
129
MAINLAND.
Total
15,207
New Territory Villages
Lai
Kowloon
Chi
Kok
Taipo
Fanling
Un Long Tsun Wan Kam Tin
Misc. New Territories
Total
Metered services
11,177
12
81
29
41
15
1
11,356
Main meters
6
1
3
1
1
1
13
Meters on hire
7
2
Floating stock at
Yaumati Depot
115
Total
11.190
12
82
32
42
16
1
3
11,493
92. Details of the numbers of meters in use and repaired for the past twelve years together with the average cost of meters repaired for the past seven years for the Island and Mainland are given in Appendix XIII.
(iii) MAINTENANCE OF WORKSHOP.
93. In the workshop the manufacture and repair of various articles required for the maintenance of Waterworks pumping plants, machinery, hydrants, valves, etc., and for other sub-departments and departments, particularly for the Central Stores, was continued. A total of 831 orders were dealt with, 616 being for Waterworks.
94. The annual inspection and overhaul of boilers in Government buildings was carried out.
95. In addition 10,098 meters were dismantled, overhauled, and tested.
96. The total value of the work done during the year was $92,897.21 and this was charged by transfer to the respective heads of expenditure. The expen- diture under "Maintenance of Workshop" includes running charges and maintenance of workshop plant but not salaries.
- Q 74
(iv) RENEWALS AND IMPROVEMENTS FUND.
(a) Replacement of No. 1 and 2 Pumping Units at Tytam Tuk.
97. No. 1 and 2 pumping units at Tytam Tuk, each of which consisted of ram pumps driven by a Tangye steam engine and a Lancashire boiler, were built in 1904 and condemned by Board of Survey in 1938. Tenders were therefore invited for the disposal of this plant and the accepted tenders were :-(1) for the boilers, $2,500.00, Messrs. Hong Kong and Whampoa Dock Co. and (2) for the engines and pumps, $11,600.00 Messrs. Sing Woo Co. The plant was dismantled departmentally and removed by the successful tenderers in May.
98. To replace the above, two 2-stage centrifugal Pulsometer pumps, each capable of raising 14 million gallons of water per 24 hours to the 400′ level gauge basin at Tytam tunnel and driven by a 175 H.P. 350 Volt English electric motor, were ordered on Indent at a cost of £1,108-10-0. These units had not arrived in the Colony at the end of the year. Electric power was laid on to the pumping station by the Hong Kong Electric Co. and transformers installed by them to step down the voltage from 6,600 to 350 volts.
99. The station buildings were altered where necessary to accommodate the new plant, and plans prepared for the installation of the new pumping units and connecting piping.
(b) Aberdeen and Aplichau Supply.
100. The maximum daily consumption of water in Aberdeen and Aplichau having increased to about 200,000 gallons, and the existing slow sand filters being capable of filtering 100,000 gallons per day only at the normal rate of filtration, the provision of more filters became essential. The existing plant being old (it was built in 1896) and the site being unsuitable for extensions it was decided to build an entirely new plant on a different site, and abandon the old one.
101. The new scheme consists of:-
(1) Four concrete slow sand filter beds with a cope level of 280.00 A.P.D. each capable of filtering 100,000 gallons per twenty-four hours near Aberdeen lower dam.
(2) An 8′′ pipe line about 240 feet long to supply the filters with raw water from the 18" Aberdeen to Elliot main.
(3) A covered concrete service reservoir with a capacity of about 400,000 gallons at a T.W.L. of 272.00 A.P.D. adjoining the filters.
(4) A 6" pipe line about 2,000 feet long to connect this service reservoir with the existing distribution system in Aberdeen.
(5) Quarters for the Chinese staff near the filters.
(6) A covered concrete balance tank with a capacity of about 160,000 gallons at a T.W.L. of 210.00 A.P.D. on Aplichau Island.
(7) A 4" pipe line about 1,000 feet long to connect this balance tank with the existing distribution system in Aplichau.
102. Contract No. 39 of 1939 amounting to $67,663.70 was let to Messrs. Hoo Cheong & Co. for the construction work in Items 1, 3, 5 and 6 above, and work was commenced on 28th August. Good progress was made and by the end of the year the work was about half completed.
103.
The pipe laying in Items 2, 4 and 7 was carried out departmentally.
、
Q 75
(c) Pokfulam Water Supply.
104. Up to the present the whole of the Pokfulam area including the Dairy Farm has been supplied with unfiltered water from the raw water conduit from Pokfulam reservoir to West Point filters and a scheme has been prepared to convert the supply to filtered water.
105. This scheme consists of pumping water from Pokfulam reservoir to a new slow sand filter plant on a site above and to the west of the reservoir. From the filters the water gravitates into the service reservoir, to which the distribution system is connected. A connection will be made to Queen Mary Hospital tank to provide a standby supply for the hospital in case of failure of the supply from Pokfulam Road pumping station.
106. The various parts of the scheme are:-
(1) Four concrete slow sand filter beds with a cope level of 719.25′ A.P.D. and a total filtering capacity of 400,000 gallons per twenty-four hours.
(2) A covered concrete service reservoir with a T.W.L. of 710.75′ A.P.D. and a capacity of 272,000 gallons adjoining the filters.
(3) A brick pump house below Pokfulam reservoir.
(4) Two pumping units in the pump house, each consisting of a "Harland" multi-stage centrifugal pump capable of delivering 120,000 gallons per twenty-four hours to the filters and driven by an 11 H.P. 350 volt "Harland" "electric motor. Provision has been made for the installation of a third pumping unit at a later date.
(5) A 6′′ pipe line about 1,200 feet long to connect the pumps, filters and Pokfulam reservoir.
A 5" and 4" distribution main from the service reservoir about 4,000 feet in length.
107. The pumping units were ordered on Indent at a cost of £384-16-0 but had not been delivered by the end of the year.
108. Contract No. 55 of 1939 for $49,721.37 was let to Messrs. Cheong Hing Co. for the construction work in Items 1-3 above. Work was commenced on 1st December 1939 and good progress was made by the
(d) New Waterworks Depot, Kowloon.
end of the year.
109. A new site was allotted near the Railway Bridge at Waterloo Road but nothing was done beyond the preparation of sketch plans.
IV. PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
110. The costs of works carried out under the above head were charged direct to the respective votes.
(a) Buildings.
111. The fixing of new or alteration of existing inside services and connection to the mains were carried out for the following buildings :-Central Government Store; New Sub-station, Wanchai Gap; Ellis Kadoorie School; Govern- ment Civil Hospital, Alterations for Infant Welfare Centre; Latrine, Electric Road; and Prisons, Alterations.
!
Q 76
(b) General Works,
Roads,
Taipo Market Road Widening.
112. 550 feet of 3′′ wrought iron piping were laid in the main road temporarily replacing a similar length of 6" cast iron main taken up for relaying and 60 feet of 2′′ wrought iron piping were laid as extensions of supplies to Land Office and Police Station.
(c) Miscellaneous.
113. Alterations to existing inside services were carried out at Upper Levels Police Station; the inside service was laid and connected to the mains at the Isolation Huts, Kennedy Town and 427 feet of 11′′ wrought iron piping were laid from the end of the 3" main in the Road to the Police Station at Au Tau and the inside services installed therein..
(d) Air Raid Precautions.
114. In addition to the works carried out under Waterworks votes protective works were carried out as given below.
ISLAND.
'
115. At Tytam Tuk Pumping Station an old open underground concrete water tank 51′-0′′ long x 20'-0" wide x 9'-0" deep was converted into a splinter proof shelter by covering it over with an 8" reinforced cement slab carried on reinforced cement piers.
The entrance was designed so that it can be gas-proofed and an emergency exit was provided. All exposed piping, doors, and windows were protected by means of railway sleepers and sandbags.
116. At Pokfulam Road Pumping Station and Elliot Filters a splinter proof reinforced concrete shelter 40′-0′′ long x 7′-6′′ wide × 7′-0′′ high was constructed for the pumping station staff. Both ends of the space under the bridge over the access path to West Point were sandbagged to provide a second splinter proof shelter for the pumping station staff. The outlet tunnel from the service reservoir at Elliot was sandbagged to provide a shelter for the filtration plant staff.
All exposed piping, doors, and windows at the pumping station were protected by sandbags and railway sleepers.
*
117. At various pumping stations twenty-five chemical fire extinguishers were provided and special lighting was arranged for use during blackouts.
MAINLAND.
118 Air raid shelter trenches were dug at Shek Li Pui and Shing Mun and work put in hand on the construction of interchangeable precast reinforced concrete sections for lining these shelters. The entrances to the Administration house at Shek Li Pui were sand-bagged. At the Slow Sand Filters it was decided to adapt the South pipe tunnel as a shelter, entrances were sandbagged and the work of rendering it gasproof put in hand.
119. The following alterations to mains were carried out in the Kowloon Hospital grounds :-525 feet of 4" wrought iron main were laid, 232 feet of 4" and 112 feet of 3′′ wrought iron mains were removed and 213 feet of 3" wrought iron piping was abandoned.
4
$
Q 77
V. WORKS NOT APPEARING IN ESTIMATES.
120. The costs of the works carried out under this head were charged against the respective Financial Messages and Funds.
ISLAND.
121. Infectious Diseases Hospital-A water supply was laid on to the disinfector.
122. Conversion of Sisters' Quarters, Old Government Hospital-The existing inside service piping was altered and separate meters fixed to each flat.
123. Conversion of P.W.D. Garages into Office-The inside service piping was laid and connected to the mains.
124. Temporary Teachers' Training Centre-The necessary alterations to the existing inside service were carried out.
125. Green Island Gunpowder Depot-42 feet of 4′′ suction piping to the fire service pump were renewed.
126. New Medical Hut at Refugee Camp, North Point-The inside service piping was laid and connected to the mains.
MAINLAND.
127. Refugee Camp-Storage tanks at the King's Park and Ma Tau Chung Refugee Camps were connected up to the water main and involved the laying of 180 feet and 300 feet respectively of 1′′ wrought iron piping.
128. Interned Soldiers Camp, Argyle Street-A water supply was given to the camp for interned soldiers, Argyle Street. This involved the laying of 923 feet of 4′′ wrought iron piping into the camp from opposite Kowloon Hospital Mortuary, Argyle Street. Two fire hydrants were installed.
D.N.A. ACCOUNT, STANLEY WATER SUPPLY.
129. An unclimbable galvanised iron wire mesh fence was erected round the Stanley Mound service reservoir and a new brick building was erected at the filtration house to provide more space for the storage of materials.
D.N.A. MILITARY CANTONMENT, KOWLOON CHAI.
130. 1,536 feet of 4′′ wrought iron piping were laid Northwards from the end of Grampian Road for the Military Authorities.
WORK CARRIED OUT IN CONNECTION WITH MILITARY WORKS.
131. The 7′′ cast iron draw off main from Wong Nei Chong reservoir was extended for a distance of 128 feet in connection with the widening of the Tytam to Wong Nei Chong Gap Road and 350 feet of the 2" wrought iron pipe line serving Deep Water Bay were realigned clear of Military works above "Overbays", the costs being charged to the Military Authorities.
VI. LOAN WORKS.
HEAD (A) NEW MARKETS-CENTRAL MARKET.
132. The laying of the inside service was completed in April. The cost of this work was included in that of the building.
Q 78
HEAD (B) WATER WORKS.
(a) SUPPLY TO ALBANY.
133. This work was referred to in paragraph 236 of last year's Departmental Report.
(1) Pumping Station.
134. The installation of the pumps and motors was completed during January, and pumping commenced on February 3rd.
135. The three pumps which were supplied by Messrs. W. H. Allen Sons & Co., Ltd. are of the single stage centrifugal type with a 9′′ suction and 8′′ delivery each being driven by a 98 horse power squirrel cage electric motor.
136. The installation was designed to deliver 5,000,000 gallons in twenty hours, and on full test the delivery to the Albany gauge basin was at the rate of 5,568,000 gallons.
137. The building was completed during February at a total cost of $9,062.86. This was in excess of the tender owing to the necessity for a heavy retaining wall around the site and extra piling in the foundations.
(2) Pipe Lines.
138. The lengths of 24" diameter suction and 21" diameter delivery mains laid in connection with the scheme were 540 and 1,080 feet respectively. Both mains are of mild steel with cement mortar lining and bitumen and hessian outside wrapping.
(b) SUPPLY TO PEAK ROAD.
139. This work was referred to in paragraph 237 of last year's Departmental Report.
(1) Pumping Station.
140. The installation of the pumps and motors was completed during March, and by means of a cross connection from the delivery main at May Road water was pumped up to the old 750 feet tank from the 13th April until the new service reservoir was completed.
141. The installation supplied by Messrs. W. H. Allen & Co. consists of three 3-stage centrifugal pumps with 4" suction and 3′′ delivery each driven by a squirrel cage electric motor of 33 horse power. The pumps had been designed to supply 600,000 gallons to the new Peak Road service reservoir in twenty hours, and on test the delivery was at the rate of 619,000 gallons.
142. The building was completed in April, the final amount of this contract being $8,706.53, which was slightly in excess of the tender mainly owing to the large quantity of rock excavation.
(2) Pipe Line.
143. The pipe line from the pumping station to the Peak Road service reservoir is 8" nominal diameter, constructed of mild steel with cement mortar lining, bitumen hessian wrapping and is 1,250 feet in length.
Q 79
(3) Peak Road Service Reservoir.
144. This reservoir was completed during August under the contract with Messrs. Fook Lee & Co. the final amount being $51,927.40. The completion was delayed due to a large quantity of rock, and by a slip which occurred as a result of the heavy rain in April. The walls of the reservoir are of reinforced concrete cantilever design, 15 feet high with a maximum thickness of 18 inches. To secure a dense watertight concrete it was decided to vibrate the concrete in the walls and invert, internal vibration being used in the walls, and a vibrated tamping joist for the invert. On test no signs of leakage could be detected.
145. The reservoir has a capacity of 600,000 gallons at a T.W.L. of 750.00 A.P.D. and is divided into two sections by a division wall ten feet high.
(c) CROSS HARBOUR PIPES.
146. This work was referred to in paragraph 238 of last year's Departmental Report.
(1) Materials.
147. The pipes, which were supplied by Messrs. The Newport & South Wales Tube Co., are of 21" internal diameter, twenty-five feet long and made of 7/16′′ thick mild steel plate. One end of the pipes is fitted with a Victaulic ring, the other end being alternately long sleeve spigot and socket suitable for welded joints. On arrival in Hong Kong, the pipes were lined with centrifugally deposited cement mortar 1" thick and sheathed with vibrated cement concrete 24" thick, with a coating of protective paint. The spigots and sockets of alternate pipes were then welded together and the joint sheathed to form a composite length of approximately fifty feet. This work was carried out under contract by Messrs. The Hume Pipe (Far East) Ltd. and was completed in February, with the exception of the closing lengths. These were made up as soon as the necessary lengths were known.
(2) Preparation of Harbour Bed. Dredging.
148. Dredging operations, which were continued under the direction of the Port Works Office, were completed on the 18th June, and approximately 15,000 cubic yards of spoil were excavated by Government grab dredgers Nos. 1 and 2 assisted by one hired from Messrs. Sang Lee & Co., for a period of one and a half months. The poor output of the dredgers was due to the tough layer of boulder clay encountered which had to be loosened by a powerful jet of water before it could be removed by the available plant. Prior to the use of the water jet, attempts were made to loosen the boulder clay by blasting but the results were not satisfactory.
Formation of Bed.
149. The Netherlands Harbour Works Company, under the direction of the Port Works Office, completed the bed within 75 feet from Queen's Pier on the 15th May, when their contract was closed. During the year, 2,925 lineal feet of foundation mound was prepared and 725 lineal feet of protective mound constructed; 52 bearer blocks were manufactured and 185 were set to correct lines and levels. The mass concrete ramp at the Kowloon terminus was constructed and 3 R. C. piles. 20 feet long manufactured.
The 75 feet section at Queen's Pier was carried out by Messrs. Woo Hing and included the setting of eight special blocks on the approach to Queen's Pier and the construction of a thrust block containing 80 cubic yards of Concrete at the level of-35.5 C.D. The whole of this work was completed during the month of September.
- Q 80
(3) Laying of Pipe Lines.
150. Excellent progress was made by the contractor (Messrs. Woo Hing), with the laying of the composite lengths, but frequent interruptions were caused by difficulties in the preparation of the harbour bed. The laying of the 222 composite lengths in the main lines was completed on May 18th in a total of seventy-eight working days. The laying of the land connexions was necessarily slow because it was essential to maintain the supply of water from the mainland through one of the two existing mains. While a restricted supply was maintained through the existing 18" diameter main, the 12′′ diameter main was dismantled under Queen's Pier and replaced by the new 21" diameter Western main. The Kowloon land connections at the railway were then altered at the end of August and the supply to Hong Kong maintained through the new main. Finally the 18" diameter main at Queen's Pier was replaced by the second new 21" diameter and full supply opened up on 30th October. On test the two pipes lines discharged 9.67 million gallons per day to the Hong Kong Gardens service reservoir with a leakage of 2,520 and 5,240 gallons per day in the East and West mains respectively or approximately .08 per cent of the total water delivered. The new mains are laid parallel to and about forty-two feet to the West of the old mains and their length from sea wall to sea wall is 5,909 feet.
151. The composite lengths, fifty feet long and 7.35 tons in weight, were slung in a specially constructed cradle suspended from a barge. The cradle consisted of two longitudinal mild steel joists 20′′ × 71′′ × 40′-0′′ long, braced on top with angle irons and channels the latter carrying two trolleys at 24'-7′′ centres spaced symmetrically about the length of the joists. The pipes were supported in the cradle by mild steel straps suspended from the two trolleys, with three additional wire slings with tightening screws, when the pipe was slung in air. These extra slings were released by divers when the pipe was under water thus giving two point suspension. The cradle was lowered by steam winches from the barge and under instruction from divers on the harbour bottom the barge was moved into position so that the cradle could be lowered on to concrete bearer blocks placed on a rubble foundation at 16′-5′′ intervals throughout the length of the line. By operating the gearing on the trolleys the divers could within limits move the pipe in three dimensions until the new pipe butted up to the one previously laid. The two pipes were then jointed together by the divers by means of Victaulic couplings specially made to give a deflection of two degrees, and the pipes secured in position in the saddles of the bearer blocks by billian wedges. The suspension clamps were then unhooked from the trolleys and the cradle raised to the surface and the clamps uncoupled from the pipe. The laying was generally carried out at slack water and when the tides were favourable the whole operation of laying and jointing a pipe was completed in a little over one hour.
152. In the central section of the line, where the pipe line is above the harbour bed, the joints are protected by grease encased by a cast iron cover, but where the pipe is laid in a dredged trench at both ends of the line, the grease protection was covered with a heavy canvas wrapping, the trenches being subse- quently filled in. Where the cast iron covers were used the grease was moulded by hand to the approximate shape and after the cover had been fixed a special quality of grease was pumped in under pressure to ensure the filling of the cover.
153. Expansion joints were laid in the mains at intervals of approximately 600 feet and where the change in grade of the prepared harbour bed exceeded one degree a short double Victaulic piece was inserted to give extra flexibility.
154. A rubble mound seven feet high was constructed on the East side of the mains, in the central section of the harbour to protect them from dragging anchors, while over the end sections, the pipes were laid in a dredged trench with a minimum cover of six feet below harbour bed level.
155. The old 18" diameter main was lifted and reconditioned for use elsewhere. This is dealt with under Supply Mains for Kowloon Chai Service Reservoir. The old 12" diameter main which did not justify the expense of recovery has been left on the harbour bed as additional protection for the new mains from dragging anchors.
Q 81
(d) Rapid Gravity Filters Eastern.
156. This work was referred to in paragraph 239 of last year's Departmental Report.
157. A tentative layout for this work was sent in July to Messrs. The Paterson Engineering Co., Ltd. who submitted preliminary drawings and specification for a plant with equipment for the chemical dosing of eleven million gallons per day and a filtration capacity of eight million gallons per day the latter to be supple- mented later on by the removal and re-erection of the existing three million gallons per day filtration plant at Bowen Road. The official indent for this plant was submitted to the Crown Agents in October.
158. Enquiries were made through the Crown Agents in September for the supply of power and pumping units required in connection with this scheme but tenders had not been received by the end of the year.
(e) Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir.
159. This work was referred to in paragraph 240 of last year's Departmental Report.
160. The excavation which involved the removal of 95,000 cubic yards of soft and 40,000 cubic yards of rock was practically completed by the end of the year. The main walls and invert of one half of the reservoir were completed, and the concreting of columns and roof had been commenced. As a result of experience on other works it was decided to vibrate the concrete in the walls, invert and columns and a contract was let to Messrs. The Hong Kong Engineering and Con- struction Co., Ltd. to vibrate the concrete placed by the main contractor.
161. In order to control the quality and density of the concrete mix, both the stone and sand were subjected to grading analyses. The stone was screened into three sizes and with two grades of sand being available, it was possible, by controlling the proportions of each grade used, to produce a well graded and dense concrete mix. With the graded mix and vibration excellent test results have been obtained. A 7 to 1 mix gave a density of 150 pounds per cubic foot, and a crushing strength of 5,000 pounds per square inch at twenty-eight days.
(f) Supply Main to Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir.
162. This work was referred to in paragraph 241 of last year's Departmental Report.
163. Tenders for the supply of 24" diameter mild steel pipes and specials required for the rising main were called for locally and through the Crown Agents. The order amounting to £6,227-6-1, was placed locally with Messrs. The Hume Pipe (Far East) Ltd., which included the supply of the pipes and making welded joints in the field, the laying to be carried out departmentally. An order was also placed with Messrs. J. Blakeborough & Sons Ltd. amounting to £281-12-6. for the supply of sluice valves. Delivery of both pipes and valves was delayed owing to the war, and no pipes had been laid by the end of the year.
164. For the delivery main it was decided to use the old 18" diameter cross harbour pipes. This old main was successfully raised in a little over two months under contract by Messrs. Woo Hing for the sum of $11,654.00, which included the removal of the external covering of the pipes and delivering them in about 100 feet lengths on the sea front at Kowloon. The general condition of the recovered main was good except for a number of corroded areas where the protective brass tape was broken or displaced. In a few places corrosion had eaten through the 7/16" thick plate but on test it was found that the cement mortar lining prevented leakage.
165. Tenders were then called for the reconditioning of the pipes, cutting into lengths suitable for relaying on land, and rejointing in the new main. As the tender received was abnormally high and was thus considered unsatisfactory it was decided to execute the work departmentally. This work was satisfactorily completed by welding up corroded areas, and cutting into twenty feet lengths at a cost of about seventy cents per foot run of pipe.
Q 82
166. A contract was also let with Messrs. Pang Chick and Tam amounting to $36,230.50 for trenching and other works in connexion with these mains. Work on the deep cuttings between La Salle Road and the reservoir was practically completed by the end of the year.
(g) Distribution
167. The following work was carried out :-
Island.
DISTRIBUTION MAINS.
Size of Main,
Length laid in
Locality.
Remarks.
feet.
8"
626
From new Peak Road Tank to Conduit Road ... New main.
6"
740
Murray Road and Connaught Road Central
Enlargement.
6"
495
Pennington Street off Caroline Road
6"
467
Marble Road at I.L. 3,540
.6′′
49
Des Voeux Road west of Sutherland Street
5"
1,022
Tai Hang Road near Blue Pool Road
Enlargement.
New main.
Enlargement.
Realignment.
4"
322
4"
208
4"
192
4"
112
Tin Hau Temple Road at I.L. 5,907
From Jubilee Road to new steel tank near
Kennedy Town Isolation Hospital
Tung Loi Lane west of Des Voeux Road
3"
678
3"
54
New main.
New main.
New main.
New main.
St. Francis Street
From Plantation Road to new steel tank on
R.B.L. 7 The Peak (Feed main)
At Kennedy Town steel tank near Isolation
Hospital
Enlargement.
New main.
Enlargement.
3"
1,030
From Upper Peak tank to Mountain Lodge
2"
2,490
Bowen Road from Filters eastwards
New main.
2"
831
From new steel tank on R.B.L. 7 to Plantation
Road (Distribution main)
New main.
2"
120
At Peak tank for Mountain Lodge supply
New main.
SERVICE RESERVOIRS.
168. (1) No. 6 slow sand bed at Elliot filters was cleaned out, the walls treated with "Gunite", and after the necessary alterations to the piping, was put into use as a service reservoir for Kennedy Town. This became necessary after the old Kennedy Town tank was abandoned in 1938 on account of very serious cracking.
169. (2) A 16,000 gallons steel tank was erected on R.B.L. 7, The Peak, adjoining the old iron tank, but at a higher elevation to improve pressure in the Plantation Road area. The old iron tank was removed.
83
(h) Distribution Mainland.
170. The following items of work were carried out:
MAINS LAID.
Size of Main.
Length in feet.
Locality.
Remarks.
6" S.I.
256
Prince Edward Road near Bedford Road
New main.
6" S.I.
192
Norfolk Road, Kowloon Tong
New main.
6" S.I.
316
Rutland Quadrant, Kowloon Tong
New main.
6" C.I.
16
York Road at Waterloo Road
Washout.
6" S.I.
100
In Ching Lung Street Eastwards from Ping
Street
New main.
6" S.I.
580
In Poplar Street between Kilung Street and
Cheong Sha Wan Road
New main.
6" S.I.
122
In Carpenter Road Westwards from South
Wall Road
New main.
6" S.I.
180
In Nga Tsin Wei Road Westwards from Hau
Wong Road
New main.
6" S.I.
902
In Saigon Street from Canton Road to Parkes
Street
Enlargement.
6" S.I.
300
In Pitt Street between Canton Road and Shang-
hai Street
New main.
6" S.I.
622
In Dundas Street Eastwards from Canton Road New main.
6" S.I.
609
In Shantung Street Eastwards from Canton
Road
New main.
6" S.I.
180
In Yen Chow Street as an extension of the existing main North Eastwards to K.I.L. 2,014
New main.
Total
....
4,375
4" C.I.
9
Prince Edward Road near Bedford Road
New main.
4" S.I.
4" S.I.
255
Rutland Quadrant, Kowloon Tong
New main.
243
Ma Tau Kok Road Westwards from Pak Tai
Street
New main.
4" S.I.
50
Mok Cheong Street Eastwards from Pak Tai
Street
New main.
4" S.I.
450
Mok Cheong Street Eastwards from Pak Tai
Street
New main.
Total
1,007
3" W.I.
263
K.I.L. 2,657 Northwards from Braga Circuit ... New main.
171
Q 84
The following mains were removed or abandoned :-
3" C.I.
310
In Saigon Street between Canton Road and
Reclamation Street
Disconnected & abandoned.
3" C.I.
252
Salisbury Avenue
Removed.
Total
562
172.
Report.
(i) Shing Mun Valley Scheme Catchwater.
This work was referred to in paragraph 244 of last year's Departmental
FIRST SECTION.
173. During the maintenance period of this contract heavy rain caused slips which necessitated the construction of 400 feet of retaining wall.
SECOND SECTION.
174. Owing to heavy rains in April the contract time was extended to February 24th 1940. These rains caused extensive slips which necessitated the contruction of 1,100 feet of retaining wall. Approximately 6,800 feet of catchwater were completed by the end of the year.
THIRD SECTION.
175. A contract for this section was signed on 24th April with Messrs. Sang Lee & Co. for $237,853.00. Fair progress was made and about 2,000 feet of catchwater were completed by the end of the year.
FOURTH SECTION.
176. The contour survey for this final section was completed and the plans and contract are now being prepared.
(j) Shing Mun Valley Scheme, Rapid Gravity Filters (4th Section).
177. A contract for £4,568-0-0 f.o.b. London was let to Messrs. The Paterson Engineering Co. through the Crown Agents for the supply of the mechanical equipment for this final extension which comprises a five million gallons per day filtration plant. By the end of the year the equipment had arrived in the Colony.
178. A contract amounting to $25,095.90 for the construction of the filters was signed in September with Messrs. Hsin Heng & Co. Mild steel bars were ordered through the Crown Agents but as a result of the war deliveries were much later than anticipated so the work was commenced with steel from local stocks. Delays were also occasioned by the late arrival of the contractors equipment for the vibration of the concrete. The construction was however, fairly well advanced by the end of the year.
(k) Tai Lam Chung Scheme, Preliminary Works.
179. This work was referred to in paragraph 245 of last year's Departmental Report.
180. Rotary core and hand percussion drilling were continued and by the end of the year 1,767 feet in soft and 777 feet in rock had been completed on the proposed upper dam site. These borings revealed a very bad fault across the proposed site so it was decided towards the end of the year to investigate the foundation of another dam site lower down the valley. Hand borings totalling ninety feet in soft and rotary borings totalling thirteen feet in rock were completed and the preliminary indication is that good rock should be found at reasonable depths. In August a general layout of the whole scheme was forwarded to the Secretary of State with a request that Consulting Engineers be appointed to report on the proposed scheme.
181.
น
Q 85
(1) New Meters.
ISLAND.
759 new meters were issued from Store and 76 old meters were scrapped.
MAINLAND.
182. 834 new meters were issued from Store in addition to two meters rebuilt by the workshop. 22 meters were scrapped.
(m) Waste Detection. ISLAND.
183. The following works were carried out to enable Waste Detection surveys to be made:
1. ALTERATIONS TO DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
184. (a) Laying of New Mains.
Size of Main.
Length in feet.
Locality.
Remarks.
8"
16
Wing Lok Street at junction of Bonham Strand
New main.
6"
256
Centre Street from Des Voeux Road to
Connaught Road
New main.
6′′
205
Sutherland Street from Des Voeux Road to
Connaught Road
New main.
185. (b) Laying of new Sub-mains.
Size of Length
Main.
in feet.
Locality.
Remarks.
3"
512
3"
342
2"
480
2"
245
High Street from Centre Street to Western
Street
Pokfulam Road west of Water Street
mains to
allow house
Catchick Street North Street and Belchers service con-
Street at I.L. 3,409
nexions to be transferred
Belchers Street between Sands Street and North from mains.
Street
New sub-
2"
197
Catchick Street between Sands Street and
Holland Street
""
2"
148
2"
131
Centre Street south of Connaught Road West...
Des Voeux Road W. east of French Street
""
2′′
à
90
High Street near Mental Hospital
>>
2"
67
Des Voeux Road W. east of Centre Street
2"
57
Centre Street north of Des Voeux Road West ..
""
13"
609
Belchers Street between Sands Street and
Holland Street
33
11"
64
Lane at M.L. 289 at junction of Connaught
Road West and Des Voeux Road West
1′′
120
Beach Street north of Belchers Street
35
186. (c) Removal of Mains.
Q 86
Size of Main.
Length in feet.
Locality.
6"
175
Kwong Fung Lane
5′′
90
Western Street north of First Street
3"
145
Remarks.
No longer necessary.
187.
Centre Street between Des Voeux Road West
and Connaught Road West
(d) Transfer of connections from Mains to Sub-mains.
Connexions were transferred from mains to sub-mains in waste detection areas Nos. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25 and 31 to facilitate the carrying out of tests.
2. FIXING OF DEACON WASTE DETECTION METERS,
188. Meters were fixed as follows:-
Area
No.
Size and Location of Meters.
Remarks.
1
2
6" at Elliot Filters on main to Kennedy Town
3" at Elliot Filters on main to Hok Sze Terrace...
On Crown Land.
4
37
5
6" in Queen's Road at Whitty Street
6" on path to Elliot Filters near Pokfulam Road
pumping station
do.
Meter common to areas No. 3 & 4 in pathway to E. F.
On footpath.
6
6" in Queen's Road at Sutherland Street
do.
7
6" in Bonham Strand at Morrison Street
do.
8
6" in Queen's Road at Wing Wo Street
do.
9
6" in Queen's Road at Pottinger Street
do.
12
6" in Albany Road near Botanical Gardens
On grass verge.
3.
EQUIPMENT,
189. An Indent was prepared and forwarded to the Crown Agents for the balance of all the Deacon detection meters, valves, and equipment required. Only part of this order was delivered by the end of the year. The cast iron tees and bends required for fixing the meters were obtained locally.
MAINLAND.
Waste Detection Area No. 1.
190. A 6" Deacon meter was installed at the corner of Waterloo and Prince Edward Roads to cover this area which comprises the whole of Kowloon Tong North of Prince Edward Road. 254 feet of 2" W.I. piping were laid in Waterloo Road connecting subsidiary main on K.I.L. 2,135 to 6" main in Boundary Street. 90 feet of 2′′ W.I. piping connecting subsidiary main on K.I.L. 2,135 to Devon Road was abandoned, replaced by above.
}
}
87
Waste Detection Area No. 5.
191. A 4′′ Deacon meter was fixed in Tam Kung Road at Prince Edward Road to cover the area bounded by Tam Kung, Ma Tau Kok, Kowloon City and Prince Edward Roads.
Waste Detection Area No. 2.
192. A 3′′ Deacon meter was fixed in La Salle Road at Prince Edward Road to cover the area north of Prince Edward Road from Waterloo Road to Grampian Road. 6′′ feet of 2′′ W.I. piping were laid connecting subsidiary main on K.I.L. 2,097 to main in La Salle Road. 150 feet of 2" W.I. piping connecting K.I.L. 2,097 to Prince Edward Road were abandoned.
Waste Detection Area No. 3.
193. A 6" Deacon meter was fixed in Nga Tsin Long at Prince Edward Road to cover the area North of Prince Edward Road from Grampian Road to Kak Hang Tsun Road. 145 feet of 2" W.I. piping were laid across
across Fuk Lo Tsun Road connecting existing subsidiary mains at N.K.I.L.'s 2,020 and 2,027.
n) Reconstruction at Albany.
194. Preliminary investigations only were made for the covering of Albany service reservoir and the conversion of the existing slow sand filters into an additional service reservoir.
(0) Miscellaneous Water Works.
ISLAND.
(1) LAYING OF SUB-MAINS AND BACK LANE PIPES.
195. 4,078 feet of wrought iron piping from 11′′ to 3′′ in diameter were laid to supply new buildings.
(2) GENERAL.
196. An unclimbable galvanised iron wire mesh fence was erected round the Peak tank. A concrete septic tank was constructed at the Waterworks bungalow near Tytam Tuk. A hot water system was installed in the quarters of the officer in charge of Tytam Tuk pumping station.
(3) AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS.
197. A splinter proof brick wall was built across Tytam Tuk pumping station to reduce the risk of the whole station being put out of action. A splinter proof sand bag wall was built across Pokfulam Road pumping station for a similar reason. 2,500 feet of 10′′ spun iron piping was obtained on Indent for the purpose of connecting the private "Braemar" reservoir belonging to the Taikoo Dockyard and Engineering Co. to the Government distribution system in case of emergency. Some experimental camouflage painting was tried out on the roof of the Chinese staff quarters at Tytam Tuk pumping station.
MAINLAND.
198. During the year 119 subsidiary mains were laid or old ones extended, removed or abandoned. This involved the laying of 1,256 feet of 3", 7,292 feet of 2′′ and 944 feet of 14" W.I. piping and the removal or abandonment of 1,176 feet of 2" and 576 feet of 14" W.I. piping.
Q 88
VII. OTHER WORKS.
Pedestal Hydrants.
199. New pedestal hydrants were fixed for the Fire Brigade as follows, the costs being charged to that head of the Estimates :-
Locality.
Remarks.
ISLAND.
Tai Ping Shan Street at junction of Sai Street..
Third Street at junction of Eastern Street...
Queen's Road Central at junction of On Wo Lane
Des Voeux Road Central at junction of Gilman Street
Wing Lok Street at junction of Cleverly Street
Des Voeux Road West at junction of Water Street
Replacing old under- ground hydrants.
وو
,,
""
""
MAINLAND.
Haiphong Road at junction of Hankow Road
Sai Kung Road at junction of Cheung On Street
Tam Kung Road at junction of Sung Wong Toi Road
Replacing old under- ground hydrants.
""
""
VIII. REVENUE & EXPENDITURE.
Financial Accounts and Statements.
200. Account No. 1 shows the Revenue Account for the year in which details of receipts for Water Services and the charges incurred are shown, No. 2 is a Profit and Loss Account, No. 3 the Renewals and Improvements Fund Account, No. 4 the Loan Works Account, No. 5 the Receipts and Expenditure on Capital Account.
201. Statement No. 1 shows Staff and General Office Charges and Statement No. 2 shows Maintenance of Waterworks, both included in total in Account No. 1. Statement No. 3 shows the position of Renewals and Improvements Fund works in hand, shown in Account No. 3, and Statement No. 4 shows the position of the Account No. 5, Capital Works in hand.
202. For Revenue, chargeable water accounts were sent out quarterly and meter rents annually. Supplementary and miscellaneous accounts were rendered as due. Approximately 140,000 accounts were dealt with during the year.
}
Q 89
IX. CONCLUSION.
203. An examination of Appendix VIII reveals the continued great increase in consumption and also that consumption, even with restricted supplies, has again overtaken minimum resources. As the combined resources at the end of 1939 were only 25.4 million gallons per day and these with the new works now in hand and due for completion in 1941, will only provide a total of 27.5 million gallons per day, it is obvious that further resources should be provided not only to allow for a reserve over present restricted demand but to provide for present full supply and for probable further increases in consumption on full supply. Although investigations are being made for extending the resources and Consulting Engineers have been engaged to report and prepare a scheme therefor, it is hardly likely that, owing to the time necessary for investigations, preparation of the scheme and construction of the works, the new resources will be available in less than five years time even if proceeded with immediately.
204. It is reasonable to assume that the demand for water will continue to increase. A period of greater and greater restrictions is therefore envisaged.
W. WOODWARD, B.Sc.; M. Inst. C.E., Waterworks Engineer.
C. W. E. BISHOP,
B.Sc.; M. Inst. C. E.; M. Inst. W.E.,
Executive Engineer,
Waterworks Construction Office.
21.3.40.
Q 90
Dr.
HONG KONG WATERWORKS.
ACCOUNT No. 1-REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31ST 1939.
Cr.
To Expenditure
$
By Revenue
$
¢
Staff and General Office Charges
434,282.96
1% of the General Rates credited to Waterworks Measured Supplies, filtered water,
400,447.35
$
¢
Shipping and Construction,
$ ¢
Maintenance of Waterworks-
@ $1.00 per 1000 gals., all Districts.
203,199.00
Island
Mainland
251,760.65
105,761.21
Trade & Domestic Purposes,
357,521.86
Water Meters, Upkeep and
@ 45¢ per 1000 gals., Peak District. @ 35¢ per 1000 gals. Pumped Supplies, other than Peak District. @ 25¢ per 1000 gals., all other District Supplies
17,982.65
53,942.00
1,598,047.18
Repairs-
Supplies, unfiltered water,
Island
Mainland
59,575.43
31,162.53
@ 20¢ per 1000 gallons Total Measured Supplies
21,920.20
1,895,091.03
Meter Rents
268,021.49
Maintenance of Workshop
Capital Charges-
(a) Expenditure from Loan, Interest and Sinking Fund
charges on amount of loan raised
Conversion Loan 1927 252,802 31% Dollar Loan 1934 525,758
(b) Contribution to Renewals and Improvements Fund
90,737.96
2,481.00
Fees Fire Services
13,798.44
Resealing Fire Service Valves
182.00
Main water for flushing purposes
12,890.82
Supervision private House
Service work
13,119.81
Reconnecting inside services
1,446.00
Testing & Stamping Fittings
1,333.75
Contributions to capital cost
778,060.00
of mains
4,450.00
Testing Meters
50.00
Attendance of fitters
32.00
452,861.00
Total Fees
47,302.82
1,230,921.00
Licences-Plumbing
1,360.00
To Balance Surplus for the year,
Fishing in reservoirs
260.00
transferred to Profit and Loss Account
496,537.91
Total Licences
1,620.00
$2,612,482.69
$2,612,482.69
Dr.
2
To Balance carried forward
Dr.
To Expenditure.
ACCOUNT No. 2-PROFIT AND Loss ACCOUNT 1939
(Opened 1-1-39)
Cr.
$ ¢
496,537.91
496,537.91
$
¢
By Surplus on Revenue and Expenditure Account
$496,537.91
$496,537.91
ACCOUNT No. 3-RENEWALS AND IMPROVEMENTS FUND ACCOUNT 1939.
Renewals and Improvements-Island.--
Replacement of Pumps, Tytam Tuk 27,877.99
Aberdeen & Aplichau Supply
Pokfulam District Supply
Total
To Balance carried forward
$
(Opened 1-1-39)
By Receipts.
Contribution from Revenue
Sale of Plant
45,894.24
6,559.02
80,331.25
386,629.75
$466,961.00
$
Cr.
452,861.00
14,100.00
$466,961.00
- ་
Q. 91
ACCOUNT No. 4.-LOAN WORKS ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR 1939.
(1939 Estimates Appendix VI (c))
Dr.
To Expenditure.
$
¢
By Receipts.
Ꭿ
Cr.
¢
Supplies to Albany & Peak Road
84,675.73
Advances from Treasury, to be charged to proposed new loan
1,189,580.25
Cross Harbour Pipes
226,208.41
Rapid Gravity Filters, Eastern
2,208.52
Kowloon Chai Service Reservoir & Pipelines
165,883.98
Distribution
43,641.20
Shing Mun Valley Scheme Catchwaters
332,323.18
Rapid Gravity Filters, Shing Mun Valley Scheme
106,192.42
Tai Lam Chung Valley Scheme
31,957.64
New Meters
93,684.38
Waste Detection
54,256.77
Miscellaneous Works
1
48,548.02
$1,189,580.25
$1,189,580.25
Q 92
To Expenditure.
ACCOUNT No. 5-RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT.
Amount Amount Amount expended expended expended to during to 31.12.38. 1939. 31.12.39.
$
By Receipts.
Amount
Amount
received
received
Total.
to
during
31.12.38.
year.
Various Capital Works as charged to Public Works Extraordinary, prior to 31.12.38
$
$
Shing Mun Valley Scheme, 1st Section. Shing Mun Valley Scheme, 2nd Section.-
15,644.464
4,136,766
15,644,464
4,136,766
Contributions from General Revenue for Capital Improvements, (non-interest bearing)
15,644,464
30,977 15,613,487
(1) Preliminary Works
$
86,719
(2) Filters
120,045
(3) Gorge Dam
8,626,880
Capital Advances from the Public Works 4% Loan, 1927
3,500,000
3,500,000
(4) 2nd Cross Harbour Pipes
173,348
(5) 2nd 24" Trunk Main
271,719
(6) 3rd Rapid Gravity Filters
273,666
Capital Advances from the 31% Dollar Loan 1934
13,384,232
13,384,232
Aberdeen Valley Water Scheme
Tytam Tuk Catchwaters
9,502,377
2,555,702
689,387
9,502,377
2,555,702
689,387
Capital Advances from General Revenue pending floating of new loan
1,077,333 1,189,580 2,266,913
Incompleted Works.-
Supplies to Albany and Peak
Road
$ 133,722
84,676
Cross Harbour Pipes
581,801
226,208
Rapid Gravity Filters Eastern
9,443
2,209
Kowloon Chai Service Reservoirs
and Pipe Lines
24,636
165,884
Distribution
63,836
43,641
Shing Mun Valley Scheme
Catchwaters
253,895
332,323
Rapid Gravity Filters
106,192
Tai Lam Chung Valley Scheme
10,000
31,958
New Meters
93,684
Waste Detection
54,257
Miscellaneous Works
48,548
1,077,333
2,266,913
Total Expenditure
Less Sales of Plant
$33,606,029 1,189,580) 34,795,609|
30,977 30,977]
33,606,029 1,158,603 34,764,632
Total Receipts
33,606,029 1,158,603) 34,764,632
93
5
Q 94
STATEMENT No. 1.-STAFF AND GENERAL OFFICE CHARGES 1939.
Staff-
Salaries
Allowances, Acting
$267,436.28
1,347.43
Overtime
7,164.03
Coal for Offices
Conveyance Allowances
12,853.28
Drawing Materials and Mounting Plans
313.42
Incidental Expenses
717.53
Rent of Public Telephones
413.64
Transport and Travelling Expenses
230.41
Uniforms
Loose Leaf Ledgers
One Typewriter
One Adding Machine
Additional Charges- Passages
Rent Allowances.
1,928.18
372.94
313.00
450.00
Cost of Treasury Staff
Pension Contribution
Charge for Office Rent etc.
Total Staff and General Office Charges
26,325.33
11,135.41
10,000.00
48,208.00
45,074.08
$434,282.96
STATEMENT No. 2-MAINTENANCE OF WATERWORKS 1939.
ISLAND.
Head Works & Trunk Supplies
$
Storage Reservoirs
2,826.20
Catchwaters
5,975.46
Conduits, Tunnels, Mains (raw water).
1,982.60
Typhoon and Rainstorm Damage
325.03
Pumping (raw water)
11,109.29
Tytam Tuk
Aberdeen
Filtration & Treatment
Slow Sand-Elliot
61,944.58
5,886.90
67,831.48
5,345.89
West Point
2,841.51
Albany
3,276.38
Eastern
4,557.80
Rapid Gravity-Elliot
4,877.12
Bowen Road
6,537.63
27,436.33
Distribution
Cross Harbour Pipe Lines
1,448.77
Mains, Valves, Hydrants, Stopcocks
53,251.91
Service Reservoirs
854.70
Village Supplies
8,078.78
Miscellaneous
14,335.76
77,969.92
Carried Forward
184,347.02
↑
Q 95
STATEMENT No. 2-MAINTENANCE OF WATERWORKS 1939.-(Continued).
Brought Forward
Pumping (filtered water)
Pokfulam Road
Mount Cameron
Eastern
Bowen Road
Garden Road
Albany
Waste Detection & Prevention
Maintenance of Buildings
Total Island Maintenance
184,347.02
39,201.59 814.13
1,644.69
2,102.69
7,036.53
2,250.94
53,050.57
6,121.24
8,241.82
$251,760.65
MAINLAND.
Head Works & Trunk Supplies
Jubilee Reservoir and Quarters
16,307.67
Shing Mun Catchwaters
42.42
Shing Mun Conduits and Tunnels
374.90
Storage Reservoirs (except Jubilee)
2,223.72
Catchwaters (other than Shing Mun)
1,560.32
Two 24" Mains, Kowloon
2,174.98
Typhoon and Rainstorm Damage
325.04
23,009.05
Filtration & Treatment (raw water)
Slow Sand
8,420.27
Rapid Gravity-Shek Li Pui
31,869.93
40,290.20
Distribution
Mains, Valves, Hydrants, Stopcocks
(except two 24′′ mains)
26,599.32
Service Reservoirs (except
Shek Li Pui)
745.13
Shek Li Pui Service Reservoir
1,037.96
Laichikok
1,704.32
Miscellaneous-Kowloon Tong
(Flushing Supply)
1,791.90.
Other Miscellaneous
1,736.32
33,614.95
Waste Detection & Prevention
3,596.28
Maintenance of Buildings
1,339.44
Village Supplies
Tsun Wan
1,004.48
Taipo
1,271.62
Fanling and Sheung Shui
807.22
Un Long and Ping Shan
827.97
3,911.29
Total Mainland Maintenance
Total Waterworks Maintenance
$105,761.21
$357,521.86
STATEMENT No. 3-RENEWALS AND IMPROVEMENTS FUND-WORKS IN HAND 1939.
1939 Estimates Appendix VIII (c).
(a) Replacement of Pumps, Tytam Tuk (b) Aberdeen and Aplichau Supply (c) Pokfulam District Supply
Expenditure
1939.
$
Revised Estimated
Remarks.
Cost.
89,100.00
27,877.99
Not yet completed.
90,000.00
45,894.24
80,000.00
6,559.02
Do.
Do.
$259,100.00
$80,331.25
1939 Estimates Appendix VI (c)
Head 2-Water Works:-
STATEMENT No. 4CAPITAL-LOAN WORKS IN HAND 1939.
Revised Est.
Cost.
Actual Exp. up
to 31.12.38.
$
$
Expenditure
1939.
Total Exp. up to 31.12.39.
Remarks.
$
96
(a) Supplies to Albany and Peak Road (b) Cross Harbour Pipes
230,000.00
133,722.58
84,675.73
218,398.31
Completed.
900,000.00
581,801.12
226,208.41
808,009.53
Not yet completed.
(c) Rapid Gravity Filters, Eastern
490,000.00
9,442.72
2,208.52
11,651.24
Do.
(d) Kowloon Chai Service Reservoir and Pipelines
490,000.00
24,635.75
165,883.98
190,519.73
Do.
(e) Distribution
210,000:00
63,835.50
43,641.20
107,476.70
Do.
(f) Shing Mun Valley Scheme
Catchwaters
1,070,000.00
253,895.39
332,323.18
586,218.57
Do.
(9) Rapid Gravity Filters, Shing Mun Valley Scheme
150,000.00
106,192.42
106,192.42
Do.
(h) Tai Lam Chung Valley Scheme
70,000.00
10,000.00
31,957.64
41,957.64
Do.
(i) New Meters
110,000.00
93,684.38
93,684.38
Do.
(1) Waste Detection
300,000.00
54,256.77
54,256.77
Do.
(k) Miscellaneous Works
106,500.00
48,548.02
48,548.02
Do.
$4,126,500.00
$1,077,333.06
$1,189,580.25
$2,266,913.31
;
Q 97
Appendix No. 1.
WATER RATES
(per 1,000 gallons).
Old Rates. * †
New Rates.
1. Filtered water :-
(a) for construction or shipping purposes
$1.00
$1.00
(b) for trade or domestic:-
(i) Peak district
0.50
0.45
(ii) Pumped supplies other than (i)
0.50
0.35
(iii) Certain Military areas
0.10
0.10
(c) Unfiltered water :-
(a) for construction purposes
1.00
1.00
(b) for all other purposes
0.35
0.20
*Subject to a rebate of 15%.
† All rates $1.00 where mains water used for flushing.
Subject to a surcharge of 5%.
Appendix II.
STATEMENT OF RAINFALL FOR THE YEAR AT VARIOUS POINTS IN THE COLONY.
(INCHES).
ISLAND.
MAINLAND.
98
Month.
Royal Public Observatory. Garden.
Tytam
Reservoir.
Tytam
Tuk
Reservoir.
Wong
Pokfulam Nei
Reservoir. Chong Reservoir.
Shing
Shing
Shing
Shing
Mun
Aberdeen Mun Reservoir. Valley
Mun
Mun
Kowloon
Shek Li
Valley
Valley
Catch-
Reservoir
Pui Re-
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
water
No. 4.
servoir.
Taipo
Quarters.
Un
Fanling.
Long.
Tai Lam
Chung.
No. 1.
January
1.100
1.15
1.39
1.41
.82
1.09
1.05
.58
.50
.47
સ
.88
.69
1.18
1.14
.33
1.06
February
.020
.13
.08
.04
I
.06
.10
.06
March
3.540
3.40
3.88
4.34
2.72
3.70
2.93
6.02
5.46
4.60
4.37
4.23
6.13
4.32
5.09
5.49
April
15.800
17,24
20.22
18.08 15.75
20.55
18.94
20.70
17.96
16.47
15.54
14.56
14.95
10.30
15.11
17.15
May
20.985
23.79
20.34
18.24
19.52
18.57
19.93
28.05
23.37
21.03
5.88
21.42
19.52
20.78
17.57
14.30
18.03
June
8.645
7.43
11.23
8.32
5.96
9.54
7.10
11.33
11.12
9.30
9.05
9.30
6.71
11.13
6.94
4.67
6.68
July
12.695
10.53
13.25
11.87
8.93
11.94
9.50
10.49
9.53
9.42
11.03
9.42
9.19
9.61
8.82
5.09
7.73
August
12.820
10.81
12.98
12.03
11.96
11.87
9.90
15.60
11.48
10.01
7.35
13.04
12.14
7.21
6.90
6.62
6.62
September
4.865
5.64
6.47
4.91
4.87
5.71
5.06
6.00
4.93
4.45
5.13
8.15
6.80
7.01
6.22
3.10
4.35
October
1.410
2.00
1.58
1.13
1.08
1.04
1.14
2.20
2.54
1.04
1.55
1.62
1.58
1.29
.94
.88
1.63
November
4.825
4.49
5.14
4.71
3.07
5.15
4.28
7.55
7.85
2.24
5.05
6.22
5.26
6.47
6.38
7.15
7.42
December
--
Total 1939
86.705
86.48
96.61
85.12
74.68
89.20
79.83
108.52
94.74
79.03
45.04
89.96
80.68
85.82
69.63
62.34
76.22
Total 1938
55.355
57.48
66.39
62.54 57.26
65.52
60.02
70.65
68.87
60.61
59.46
52.24
61.26
64.17
49.48
Increase or Decrease..
+31.350
+29.00
+30.22
+22.58 +17.42 +23.68
+19.81 +37.87
+25.87
+18.42
I
+30.50
+28.44
+24.56
+5.46 +12.86
!
99
Appendix III.
ISLAND WATER WORKS
AND CONTENTS OF RESERVOIRS (MILLIONS OF GALLONS) 1939
WONG NEI CHEONG.
In
livered
Delivered
Reservoir
Over
auge.
1st. of
month.
over
gauge.
TOTAL
CONTENTS
OF IM-
POUNDING
RESER-
VOIR 1ST.
DELIVERED
TOTAL DELIVERED DELIVERED DELIVERED
CONSUMPTION
FROM
TO
OVER
FROM
WONG NEI
CHEONG
10"
INTAKE.
MINT DAM,
AND SOO
NOTES TO
COLUMNS
BLUE POOL VILLAGES RESERVOIR ROAD, SEE FOOT GAUGES,
FROM
KUN POO
From
Island
Reservoirs INTAKES, including
Unfiltered
Island
From
Mainland
Supplies
Total
Water
DIFFER
ENCE
COLUMNS
OBSER-
VÁTORY
RAINFALL
OF MONTH.
3, 6 & 11.
AND TO
INTAKES.
(Filtered). Villages
including
Consump-
Grand
18 AND 23
INCHES.
Villages.
tion.
Total.
VILLAGES.(Filtered).
11 +
12
13
14
15
16
17
*
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
211.06
4.96
1,352.38
3.03
.59
13.62
260.41
252.29
91.11
6.97
350.37
259.26
1.15
1.100
163.59
4.83
1.64 1,116.33
2.30
.88
12.31
219.95
208.55
125.16
6.40
340.11
214.95
5.00
.020
178.21
2.66
904.19
2.20
.42
12.98
218.74
212.65
142.75
5.00
360.40
217.65
1.09
3.540
153.79
2.66
5.66
735.12
4.77
.31
17.11
248.26
236.99
123.83
7.22
368.04
244.21
4.05
15.800
184.27
24.99
20.06 1,681.15
12.21
.37
19.29
392.40
389.68
99.91
7.05
496.64
396.73 + 4.33
20.985
252.85
30.348 19.48 2,362.55$
17.96
.34
20.95
461.73
457.59
128.85
6.48
592.92
464.07 + 2.34
8.645
286.58
24.43
20.06
2,267.55
12.55
.30
21.38
465.74
462.22
143.89
7.00
613.11
469.22 + 3.48
12.695
262.48
17.00
20.06
2,203.29
15.60
.33
21.06
451.84
453.65
141.05
7.09
601.79
460.74 + 8.90
12.820
248.87
18.50
5.94
2,305.92
9.82
.53
20.59
408.91
404.39
161.17
7.08
572.64
411.47 + 2.56
4.865
250.71
18.26
2,205.63
7.57
.66
20.97 350.59
341.78
195.53
7.44
544.75
349.22
1.37
1.410
223.26
16.52
1,950.81
5.71
.96
19.08
284.68
270.73
214.24
7.65
492.62
278,38
6.30
4.825
214.06
16.68
1,809.54
5.01
1.23
19.44
271.47
263.23
197.13
8.23
468.59 271.46
.01
1,629.73
92.90
98.73
6.92
218.78
4,034.72
3,953.75 1,764.62
83.61
5,801.98 4,037.36
+ 2.64
86.705
2,442.38
76.94
67.17
3,517.19
1,691.26
5,199.03
55.355
+- 187.35
+15.96
+31.56
+517.53
+73.36
+602.95
+31.350
rs supplied in addition (column 17).
Sources of unfiltered supplies in column 21:-
Bowen Road Conduit
7.49
Pokfulum Conduit and Clear Water Channel
55.50
Blue Pool Intake
2.85
Mint Dam Intake
.45
Soo Kun Poo Intake
3.62
Aberdeen East Catchwater
4.56
Aberdeen Elliot Main
.16
Mt. Parker Catchwater (Upper)
7.95
Tytam Tuk Pumping Mains
1.03
83.61
PUMPED FILTERED WATER FOR CONSUMPTION IN PEAK DISTRICT.
Appendix IV.
ISLAND WATER WORKS
AMOUNT PUMPED TO PEAK AND HIGH LEVEL DISTRICTS 1939.
PUMPED FILTERED WATER FOR CONSUMPTION IN
HIGH LEVEL DISTRICT
(INCLUDING REPULSE BAY AND QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL).
Grand
Q 100
MONTH
Pokfulam
Road
Middle
Deduct
Supply
Total
Pokfulam
Bowen
Eastern
Albany
Add Supply
Million
Gap
Released to
Total
Road
Road
Filters
Filters
Station
Station
High Level
Station
Station
Station
Station
From Peak
District
Total
Pumped
gallons
District
a
b
с
d
e
f
g
h
Note. The figures in the various columns are computed as follows:---
J
January
4.48
.98
.32
5.14
8.20
3.73
1.92
.32
14.17
19.31
a. Sum of three Peak Master Meters.
February
4.37
.74
.78
4.33
7.93
2.78
1.87
.78
13.36
17.69
March
5.27
.62
.99
April
4.69
.58
.53
83
4.90
8.14
2.71
1.83
.99
13.67
18.57
4.74
8.19
3.28
1.88
.19
.53
14.07
18.81
b. Mt. Cameron Rising Main Meter. c. Sum of (i) Barker Road Tank Master Meter.
(ii) Wanchai Gap Tank Master Meter.
May
5.03
.71
.27
5.47
10.73
4.09
2.19
.27
June
5.24
.70
.46
5.48
12.76
3.65
2.51
.01
.46
ཆེའྲི
17.28
22.75
19.39
24.87
d. a+b-
C.
July
5.51
.96
.66
5.81
11.50
4.12
2.90
2.36
.66
21.54
27.35
August
5.39
.78
.47
5.70
9.08
4.23
2.61
4.13
.47
20.52
26.22
e. Sum of (i) 750′ Tank Master Meters. (ii) Queen Mary Hospital Tank Master Meters.
September
5.34
.83
.42
5.75
9.09
3.86
2.60
3.32
.42
19.29
25.04
f. 650′ Tank
Main Meter.
October
5.38
.95
.43
5.90
8.43
3.53
2.67
4.29
.43
19.35
25.25
g. Sum of
(i) Jardine's
Lookout Rising
November
5.01
.89
.34
5.56
5.25
2.67
2.44
5.74
.34
16.44
22.00
December
4.95
.96
.32
5,59
4.87
2.91
2.71
5.71
.32
16.52
22.11
Less
Total 1939
60.66
9.70
5.99
64.37
104.17
41.56
28.13
25.75
5.99
205.60
269.97
Total 1938
60.70
12.48
4.56
68.62
126.74
40.18
26.25
4.56
197.73
266.35
Main Meter.
(ii) Middle Gap Rising Main
Meter.
(iii) Mt. Cameron Rising Main Meter.
h. Peak Road Tank Rising Main Meter. j. As c.
Increase or
Decrease
-.04
-2.78
+1.43
- 4,25
-22.57
+1.38
+1.88
+1.43
+7.87
+3.62
N. B. Pokfulam Road Pumping Station also pumped 50.82 million gallons of filtered water to West Point Service Reservoir for consumption in the City District in addition to the amounts in Columns (a) and (e).
Garden Road Pumping Station pumped 267.28 million gallons of filtered water to Albany Service Reservoir for consumption in the City District in addition to 25.75 million gallons of filtered water (Column h above) to Albany Gauge Basin for re-pumping to Peak Road Service Reservoir.
.
Appendix III.
ISLAND WATER WORKS
MONTHLY CONSUMPTION AND CONTENTS OF RESERVOIRS (MILLIONS OF GALLONS)
DELIVERED
POKFULAM.
ABERDEEN AREA.
TYTAM AREA.
WONG NEI CHEONG.
TOTAL
CONTENTS
DELIVERED
In
MONTH.
In
Reservoir
1st. of
Delivered
Upper
Reservoir
In
Lower
Reservoir
In
In Tytam
In In Tytam
Delivered
Reservoir
over
1st. of
1st. of
over
Byewash Reservoir
Interm.
Reservoir
Tuk
Reservoir
Delivered
In
Reservoir
Delivered
over
over
1st. of
Month.
gauge.
month.
month.
gauge.
1st. of
1st. of
month.
month.
month.
1st. of
month.
gauge.
1st. of
month.
OF IM-
POUNDING
RESER-
VOIR 1ST.
FROM
FROM
BLUE POOL
WONG NEI
CHEONG
ROAD,
MINT DAM,
gauge.
10"
INTAKE.
OF MONTH,
AND SOO
KUN POO
INTAKES.
1
2
3 *
4
5
6
+
7
8
9
10
11 ‡
12
13
14
15
16
January
52.18
6.39
125.53
62.76
25.72
251.64
23.31
832.00
211.06
4.96
1,352.38
3.03
.59
February
46.40
11.85
102.03
61.02
27.38
227.15
24.88
650.02
163.59
4.83
1.64
1,116.33
2.30
88
March
32.64
8.02
75.38
57.79
16.91
221.84
.06
25.30
488.52
178.21
2.66
904.19
2.20
.42
April
26.30
27.57
70.54
48.18
39.05
227.15
.95
29.10
330.24
153.79
2.66
5.66
735.12
4.77
.31
May
61.96
62.60
173.23
95.44
93.60
361.79
22.28
133.46
808.00
184.27
24.99
20.06
1,681.15
12.21
.37
June
66.00$! 56.70
173.23$
106.89$ 93.45
361.79§
22.40$
195.90$ 1,406.00§|
252.85
30.348
19.48
2,362.55§
17.96
.34
July
50.52
37.29
166.81
106.89
87.58
305.00
12.00
195.90
1,406.00
286.58
24.43
20.06
2,267.55
12.55
.30:
August
59.68
53.98
173.23
106.89
78.33
233.60
10.99
195.90
1,406.00
* 262.48
17.00
20.06
2,203.29
15.60
.33
September
60.22
30.41
167.67
106.57
92.75
349.36
14.70
195.90
1,393.00
248.87
18.50
5.94
2,305.92
9.82
.53
October
60.88
18.07
135.68
104.34
52.61
345.92
17.65
195.90
1,327.00
250.71
18.26
2,205.63
7.57
.66
November
52.18
9.01
106.61
97.03
26.66
282.24
14.50
195.90
1,185.83
223.26
16.52
1,950.81
5.71
.96
December
54.20
6.39
99.59
94.49
25.34
268.94
12.65
128.99
1,134.00
214.06
16.68
1,809.54
5.01
1.23
Totals 1939
Totals 1938
328.28
242.93
659.38
2,629.73
92.90
98.73
6.92
687.77
2,442.38
76.94
67.17
- 28.39
+187.35
+15.96
+31.56
Increase or
Decrease
+ 85.35
* Part of Pokfulam District supplied in addition (column 17).
† Aberdeen, Aplichau and Shouson Hill supplied in addition (column 17).
Stanley and Chai Wan, Sai Wan Ho Battery Tytam Tuk Pumping Station and Quarters supplied in addition (column 17).
§ Maximum capacity.
T
Appendix V.
ISLAND WATER WORKS.
7
DETAILS OF FUEL CONSUMPTION AND POWER COST AT PUMPING STATIONS.
Pumping
Station.
Type of
Plant.
Million
Average
Coal or K. W. H. consumed
total
Power cost $
gallons
pumped.
Head
in feet.
Remarks.
per M.G.
per M.F.G.
per M.G.
per M.F.G.
Tytam Tuk
Steam Recip. 1,590.71 346.00
2.25 Tons
14.56 lbs.
$ 45.95
$0.1328
Average coal cost= $19.95 per ton.
Pokfulam Road
Steam Recip.
215.65 709.00
8.48 Tons
26.80 lbs.
$153.98
$0.2242
Average coal cost = $19.95 per ton.
Garden Road
Elect. Centrif.
293.03 157.00
919.32 K.W.H.
5.87 K.W.H.
$ 27.58
$0.1761
Cost of Elect.
$0.03 per K.W.H.
Albany
Elect. Centrif.
25.75 390.00 2,437.86 K.W.H.
6.24 K.W.H.
$ 73.14
$0.1872
Cost of Elect. = $0.03 per K.W.H.
Middle Gap
Elect. Centrif.
9.70 546.00 3,020.31 K.W.H.
5.54 K.W.H.
$139.45
$0.2555
Cost of Elect.
N.B.-"Power cost" includes lubrication and auxilliaries.
$0.05 per K.W.H.
101
Appendix VI.
ISLAND WATER WORKS.
AMOUNT OF WATER FILTERED 1939
Elliot
Bowen
(Slow Sand West Point Albany
Eastern
Road
Chai Wan
Aberdeen
Month.
and Rapid
(Slow
(Slow
Gravity).
Sand).
(Rapid
(Slow
(Slow
Sand).
Gravity).
Sand).
Sand).
Stanley
(Pressure).
(Slow
Total.
Remarks.
Sand).
January
70.06
4.74
32.92
59.84
71.54
1.41
4.03
3.36
247.90
February
74.05
5.62
9.34
41.55
72.44
1.26
3.93
3.36
211.55
March
71.79
5.36
8.54
41.81
75.73
2.53
4.45
3.17
213.38
April
68.38
11.36
20.49
50.18
76.81
4.04
4.45
3.15
238.86
May
104.77
20.36
65.89
70.64
111.18
5.39
5.57
3.65
387.45
June
115.79
39.82
96.86
70.28
119.79
5.70
6.68
4.57
459.49
July
125.13
21.57
94.90
71.83
132.19
5.47
6.67
4.70
462.46
August
121.41
17.47
93.46
68.29
134.76
5.72
6.01
4.65
451.77
September
102.48
17.80
74.12
67.60
127.70
5.43
5.78
4.74
405.65
October
97.14
12.18
34.08
65.94
114.06
5.79
5.75
4.74
339.68
November
80.12
5.42
4.46
57.67
110.63
4.39
5.60
4.23
272.52
December
80.33
3.50
3.29
60.61
99.75
4.37
5.61
4.61
262.07
Total
1,111.45
165.20 538.35
726.24 1,246.58
51.50
64.53
48.93
3,952.78
Q 102
Appendix VII.
ISLAND WATER WORKS.
CONSUMPTION ACCOUNTED FOR BY METERS 1939.
METERED FILTERED WATER
METERED UNFILTERED WATER
(Million gallons)
(Million gallons)
TOTAL
BALANCE
TOTAL
METERED
WATER
DOMESTIC AND TRADE
MONTH
Peak
High
City &
Construc-
tion
Shipping
Levels
Villages
Govern-
ment
(free)
Govern-
Domestic Trade
Construc-
tion
WATER
CONSUMED
UN-
METERED
%
ACCOUNTED
ment
(free)
(Mil. gals.) (from table WATER
colum 22) (Mil. gals.)
FOR BY
METERS
103
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
350.37
3rd Qr.
2nd Qr.
1st Qr.
9.87
27.69
663.72
1.95
8.00
63.47
6.12
12.20
.05
793.07
340.11
257.81
75.5
360.40
368.04
10.94
34.63 954.93
2.54
9.49 96.73
6.89
13.20
.66
1,130.01
496.64
327.59
77.5
592.92
613.11
12.42
41.41 1,220.63
4.89
10.53 120.08
6.73
13.77
.66 1,431.12
601.79
356.42
80.0
572.64
544.75
December
4th Qr.
12.76
41.09 1,016.99
4.57
11.10
118.07
6.19
16.16
.06
.92 1,227.91
492.62
278.05
81.5
468.59
Total 1939.
45.99
144.82 3,856.27
13.95
39.12
398.35
25.93
55.33
.06
2.29
4,582.11
5,801.98
1,219.87
79.0
Total 1938.
47.53
134.63
310.14
5,199.03
73.50
Increase or
Decrease.
- 1.54
+10.19
+88.21
+602.95
CONSUMPTION
00
64
76
101
MILLION
12
16
GALLONS
PER
24
127
14
233
HOURS
22
26
28
24
APPENDI
GRAPHS SHEWING AVER
CONSUMPTION OF WE & IN KOWLOON & C
RESOURCES FRO
20
18
ISLAND_SHEWN THUS
KOWLOON SHEWN THUS
KOWLOON
THUS
COMBINED SHEWN THUS
FIGURES SHEWN THE NUMBER OF DI
MINIMUN COMBINED RESOURCES SHE
(CURVES OF MAX. CONSUMPTION ARE
198
203
137
MINIMUN
1721
233
198
203
137
APPENDIX VIII
GRAPHS SHEWING AVERAGE & MAXIMUM DAILY CONSUMPTION OF WATER ON THE ISLAND & IN KOWLOON & COMBINED MINIMUM
RESOURCES FROM 1918
1918 TO 1939
ISLAND SHEWN Thus KOWLOON SHEWN THUS
COMBINED SHEWN THUS
FIGURES SHEWN THE NUMBER OF DAYS FULL SUPPLY EACH YEAR
MINIMUN COMBINED RESOURCES SHEWN THUS.
(CURVES OF MAX. CONSUMPTION ARE BASED ON PERIODS OF 7 CONSECUTIVE DAY
MINIMUN
97
COMBINED
COMBINED
ISLAND
RESOURCES
ISLAND
244/
273
AVERAGE
273/
MAXIMUN
UTIVE DAYS)
ERAGE
CES
MAXIMUN
AVERAGE
59
651
148
177
1
124
LY
225
151
365
226
229
Ο
1
226
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
287
Pay!
6
8 La
8
CONSUMPTION
289
76
366
365
322
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
YEAR
365
MILLION
127
12
233
198
GALLONS
PER
24
14
203
366
137
16
HOURS
20
18
ISLAND SHEWN THUS KOWLOON SHEWN THUS
COMBINED SHEWN THUS
FIGURES SHEWN THE NUMBER OF DAYS
MINIMUN COMBINED RESOURCES SHEWN
(CURVES OF MAX. CONSUMPTION ARE BAS
MINIMUN
C
REPORT OF THE POSTMASTER GENERAL, HONG KONG,
FOR THE YEAR 1939.
}
(A) POST OFFICE.
STAFF.
Mr. H. A. Mills, Assistant Postmaster General and Chief Accountant left for home leave on 8th March and returned on 22nd December. During his absence Mr. E. V. Reed acted as Chief Accountant.
MAILS, REGISTERED ARTICLES & PARCELS.
2. Full details are shewn in Tables I, II and III.
3. The Empire air mail scheme was suspended as from 4th September and from that date surcharged mail only was accepted for air transit.
4. The total weight of air mail received and despatched by all air lines was 398,237 lb. as compared with 439,989 lb. in 1938-a decrease of 41,752 lb. directly attributable to the suspension of the Empire scheme.
5. Substantial increases were recorded in the numbers of registered articles and insured letters dealt with during the year.
6. Parcel post traffic was again heavy and the previous years' total number of parcels handled was exceeded. The continued diversion to Hong Kong services of traffic which would normally be routed direct to Chinese oflices of exchange remains the chief reason for the increase.
REVENUE & EXPENDITURE.
7. Tables IV and V show comparative figures for 1938 and 1939 under separate sub-heads, and Table VI comparative totals for the past ten years.
8. The balance of revenue over the expenditure charged against the depart- mental vote was $2,115,985.
9. The decrease in expenditure was due to the suspension of the payment of air mail subsidy in respect of the last quarter of the year pending a decision as to the future financing of the scheme. The Government's instructions were not received until after the close of the year and the arrears will have to be paid from funds to be provided in 1940.
10. Revenue reached a new high record and the figures for the previous year were easily passed. The reintroduction of surcharged air mail services for all destinations and increases in all classes of mails were the causes contributing to this further expansion of revenue.
11. Tables VII and VIII provide details relating to the sale of postage stamps etc.
12.
MONEY ORDER OFFICE.
The combined totals of the year's transactions in money orders and British postal orders show a decrease of £3,712. 3. 8 as compared with the figures for 1938.
13. Full details are shown in Tables IX, X and XI.
R 2
CHINESE DELIVERY SECTION,
14. During the year 10,599,073 ordinary letters and 1,000,559 other articles as compared with 9,171,727 and 689,952 in 1938.
15. The registered articles delivered totalled 276,109, of which 109,155 were from the United States of America and Canada and 166,954 from China and other countries, showing an increase of 100,535 as compared with 175,574 in 1938.
16. 11,203 insured packets were dealt with as against 7,564 in 1938.
(B) WIRELESS.
(C) BROADCASTING.
STAFF.
17. Mr. G. K. Garton, Wireless Engineer, left for home leave on 18th March and returned on 17th October.
TRAFFIC AND SERVICES.
18. Details of the traffic handled by Government services both paid and unpaid are shown in Table XII.
19. The decrease in ships traffic was due to restrictions imposed on the out- break of war.
20. The figures for press traffic represent a full year's working and consequently show a substantial increase over the 1938 figures which covered less than six months. The services started at varying dates in 1938.
21. An additional press service, "Havas," commenced on November 9th, and "Transocean" ceased on the outbreak of the European war.
22. The various increases and decreases recorded under unpaid traffic were due to changed conditions consequent upon the outbreak of war.
23. All plant and equipment was maintained throughout the year in a satisfactory manner.
24. The record of work undertaken for the various stations and services is as follows:-
CAPE D'AGUILAR.
Various machines and transmitters have been overhauled during the year. A new transmitter type SWB8 Minor was installed.
Telephony service with Chungking and Manila (SWBS Minor transmitter) was officially opened in August by H.E. the Governor.
This service was suspended on the outbreak of war.
Working hours of the plant for the month of August constituted a new all- time record.
BROADCASTING SERVICE.
A diesel engine and alternator were installed as emergency supply plant. Installation of the SWB8 Standard short-wave broadcasting transmitter was completed, and transmissions resumed after its transfer from Cape D'Aguilar. Ultra short-wave equipment was made up and used in connection with the broadcast of the launching of M/V "Glenorchy".
تر
R 3
An experimental ultra-short-wave link between Peak W/T and Hung Hom stations was tested carrying programme from studio to broadcasting transmitters.
Silica-Gel air conditioning plant was installed in the Chinese Broadcasting Studio.
A large diesel fuel-oil tank was installed at Hung Hom broadcasting station.
AVIATION SERVICES.
An aerial link change-over board for SSA transmitters was made and installed. Two way telephony tests were carried out with Pan American Airways "Boeing Clipper" on its initial flight to Hong Kong; also with "Californian Clipper."
VICTORIA PEAK.
Marconi terminal equipment, type RC51A was installed.
Several new receivers were installed and old ones overhauled.
Special new aerials were erected for re-broadcasting Daventry.
GOVERNMENT RADIO OFFICE.
Interference to services was reduced following the closing down of several illegal transmitters.
Censorship on all telegrams and press messages was imposed as from 1st Septem- ber.
OBSERVATORY MARINE AND METEOROLOGICAL STATION.
A large increase in traffic handled on short waves with ships was reported following a modification in procedure.
There was a considerable drop in traffic due to the European war, but this was replaced by long Admiralty messages. War time procedure was instituted.
Various receivers were overhauled.
WATER POLICE AND HARBOUR SERVICES.
Equipment on various launches and out-stations was reconditioned. W/T. equipment at Water Police Station was re-arranged and rewired.
HOSPITALS' ELECTRO-MEDICAL AND W/T. APPARATUS.
Electro-medical equipment at Hospitals was maintained;
A deep therapy machine was installed at Queen Mary Hospital.
RADIO LABORATORY & WORKSHOPS.
Various parts were made and assembled for an experimental ultra-high- frequency transmitter and receiver.
Special investigations were conducted with view to improving the working lives of expensive transmitting valves.
Repairs were carried out and new parts made up for all stations and services.
INSPECTION AND LICENSING.
Full wireless surveys and Post Office inspections were carried out on numerous merchant ships.
R 4
Various districts were checked for broadcast receiving licences.
Numerous prosecutions were made, resulting in convictions with fines amounting to over $24,000. Special work was done in connection with control of wireless apparatus in war time.
25. The Broadcasting expenditure in respect of administration and programmes was transferred from Miscellaneous Services to the Post Office vote as from 1st January 1939.
26. The number of broadcast receiving licences taken out during the year was 12,655 (66 of these being subsequently cancelled as enemy alien) against a total of 10,692 in 1938.
27. In the Chinese programmes, during the month of November, an additional news bulletin was started in Hokkien dialect, the news thus going out every night in three Chinese dialects-Cantonese, Mandarin and Hokkien.
In the month of February a Chinese concert took place in the Studio, three minutes of which was part of a world-wide hook-up by the NBC relayed from San Francisco.
28. Amongst other features in the programmes during the year, there were two outside broadcasts on the launching of T.S.M.V.'s "Breconshire" and "Glenorchy". On the occasion of the latter an innovation was an actual broadcast from the ship itself as it was going down the stocks into the water.
29. On the outbreak of war all outside broadcasts were stopped, but after two months the European church services were once more relayed; every measure was taken to insure protection of microphones in all studios. Mid-day services of intercession that took place at St. John's Cathedral are now held in the Studio of ᏃᏴᎳ .
30. In connection with the Department of Information regular daily propaganda talks have been given since 18th September, 1939.
31. In the month of December a short programme of talks and music in the Punjabi language was started, lasting about three-quarters of an hour once a week at 8 o'clock.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
32. Tables XIII, XIV and XV show comparative figures for 1938 and 1939 under separate sub-heads and Table XVI comparative totals for the past seven years.
33. Wireless Licences issued during the year were:-
Ship Station
Amateur Transmission Station
Dealers
Full term Broadcasting Receiving Short term Broadcasting Receiving Wireless Telegraph School Experimental Station
Import and Export Permit..
R. A. D. FORREST,
83
19
120
12,549
106
3
11
6
Postmaster General.
16th March, 1940.
R 5
Table I.
MAILS RECEIVED AND DESPATCHED DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
Receptacles For H.M.
Steuners
For and from
Ships on
China
For Foreign Men-of-
Receptacles:
in transit.
Hong Kong.
Station.
and Aeroplanes Carrying
War.
Mails.
Received in 1938
55,345
7,464
1,676
224,313
4,721
Received in 1939
51,509
3,941
949
169,656
4,017
Increase
Decrease
3,836
3,523
727
54,657
704
Despatched in 1938
46,899
3,965
1,282
4,682
Despatched in 1939
46,611
2,244
328
3,754
Increase
Decrease
288
1,721
954
928
Table II.
STATISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL AND HONG KONG CORRESPONDENCE FOR 1938 AND 1939.
REGISTERED ARTICLES.
Posted
Posted at
and
delivered at
for other
Hong Kong Countries In Transit.
Received from other
Total
Number.
Countries.
Hong Kong.
for Hong Kong.
1938
35,859
421,892
720,778
135,660
1,314,189
1939
46,069
436,482 899,002
207,788
1,589,341
Increase
10,210
14,590. 178,224
72,128
275,152
Decrease
INSURED LETTERS.
Posted at
Received
Hong Kong for other
from other
In Transit.
Countries for
Total Number.
Countries.
Hong Kong.
1938
9,026
9,907
1,213
20,146
1939
9,698
14.204
1,797
25,699
Increase
672
4,297
584
5,553
Decrease
+
-R 6 -
Table III.
Received
Total
Locally
Posted.
In
Des-
for delivery
Total
Total
Comparison with 1938.
Transit.
patched.
in Hong
1939.
1938.
Kong.
Increase.
Decrease.
London, Insured
London, Ordinary
London, Cash on Delivery
427
177
604
1,852
2,456
2,734
278
10,340
4,741
15,081
14,846
29,927
26,267
3,660
3
3
356
359
379
20
United States of America, Honolulu and Manila
16,135
241
16,376
26,958
43,334
39,137
4,197
French Parcels by French Ships
China Parcels
India, Insured Parcels
1,145
1,145
1,924
779
28,970
3,870
32,840
101,222
134,062
157,144
23,082
133
19
152
285
437
436
1
India, Ordinary Parcels
Indo-China Parcels
1,502
3,591
5,093
1,707
6,800
6,069
731
19,560
768
20,328
13,499
33,827
15,128
18,699
Straits Parcels
4,203
937
5,140
2,112
7,252
7,132
120
Australia Parcels
1,886
2,997
4,883
1,160
6,043
5,817
226
Dutch East Indies Parcels
949
966
1,915
305
2,220
1,933
287
Japanese Parcels
1,513
653
2,166
4,323
6,489
7,333
844
Miscellaneous Parcels
6,811
10,176
16,987
8,507
25,494
25,004
490
92,432
29,136
121,568
178,277
299,845
296,437
28,411
25,003
Parcels posted in Hong Kong for Local Delivery.
435
225
210
Total increase..
3,618
1
R 7 -
Table IV.
A. POST OFFICE.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938 AND 1939.
1938.
1939.
$
347,786
398,805
Personal Emoluments
Other Charges.
Air Mail Payment
29,782
121,823
Air Mail Subsidy
100,723
236,157
Carriage of Mails Transit Charges
389,236
100,000
Cleansing Materials, etc.
1,123
1,182
Coolie Hire
388
37
Electric Fans & Light
11,933
12,857
Gas
221
213
Incidental Expenses
790
1,154
Mail Bags, Parcel Boxes, etc.
6,546
6,906
Printing
384
384
Rent of Branch Offices
1,020
1,020
"
Public Telephones
440
440
S'amps
35.253
18,892
Telegrams
787
550
Transport
1,389
1,247
Uniform and Equipment
7,694
13,526
Total Personal Emoluments, and Other Charges
935,495
915.193
Special Expenditure.
Pillar and Letter Boxes
938
865
Typewriters
758
Motor Mail Van
4,299
Electric Clocks
349
New Equipment Registration Branch
1,636
Total Special Expenditure
7,222
1,623
Total A.-Post Office
942.717
916,816
Postage, etc.
R 8
Table V.
A.-POST OFFICE.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1938 AND 1939.
Table VI.
1938.
1939.
$
$
2,791,127
3,032,801
A. POST OFFICE.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS.
Year.
* Personal
Emoluments
Special
Total
Total
& Other Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue. Charges.
$
$3
$
$
1930
405,640
1,161
406,801
942,236
1931
472,198
472,198
1,355,675
1932
519,458
519,458
1,283,301
1933
477,726
8,641
486,367
1,238,963
1934
440,744
2,520
443,264
1,188,375
1935
433,577
1,458
435,035
1,157,365
1936
497,480
497,480
1,380,823
1937
787,272
483
787,755
2,277,473
1938
935,495
7,222
942,717
2,791,127
1939
915,193
1,623
916,816
3,032,801
*Includes salaries of officers of Cadet, Senior Clerical and Accounting and Junior Clerical Services attached to the Departinent, but excludes any expenditure not actually charged against the Post Office Vote.
R 9
Table VII.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF POSTAL REVENUE FROM SALE OF POSTAGE STAMPS ETC.,
DURING THE YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
Month
1938.
1939.
$
$
January,
February,
March,
April,
195,103.10
227,597.57
192,651.91
202,364.79
240,411.93
255,823.78
263,775.72
245,167.42
May, June, July, August,
September,
262,597.65
275,186.32
276,342.08
261,999.29
243,019.91
248.028.82
230,323.10
233,346.55
190,936.83
228,223.12
October,
188,551.75
244,357.57
November, December,
213,982.27
259,875.80
236,384.35
268,903.93
Total,
2,734,080.60
2,950,874.96
Table VIII.
POSTAGE STAMPS, ETC., ISSUED FOR SALE FOR ALL PURPOSES DURING THE
YEARS 1938 AND 1939.
Denomination.
1938.
1939.
Postage Stamps,
1 cent.
547,687
708,342
2 cents.
2,086,097
2,461,439
J
3
356,400.
22
320,400
4
""
""
1,902,057
1,837,439
9,306,308
8,521,823
""
">
116,400
15,600
و,
10
1,359,817
1,529,999
>>
22
12
15
184,800 1,571,521
22,800
2,264,399
20
288,120
""
25
1,526,104
1,366,559
30
426,444
610,679
""
50
533,256
491,879
>>
1 dollar.
309,832
441.719
""
2 dollars.
178,083
166,168
J
5
28,573
40,985
"
10
16,806
21,925
""
Post Cards, Postage Envelopes,
2 cents.
30,000
35,400
4
2,000
250
""
15
1,500
وو
J
Registration
20
26,300
1,450
""
25
24.675
وو
TABLE IX,
R 10
1939
1938
INCREASE.
DECREASE.
COUNTRY.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
£
Ꭶ . d.
£
Ꮪ d.
£
có
d.
3
d.
शक
d.
d.
£
Ꭶ .
£
S.
d.
Great Britain Queensland
Victoria
New South Wales
3,386 10 17 26 1 3 336 17 10 82 16 1
7,535 19
529 11
6
3,705
10
55
00 10
3,370 11
1
877
402 16
95
5,668 16
718
3,610
478 18
7
South Australia
21 13 6
139 13
6
84
Co
9
925
రా.
1,867
2
9
318
12
5
29 4
4
188
10
4
540 3 11
239
16
:
6
12 14 3
71
2
Western Australia
6 $8
8
63 1
11
9
70 15
Tasmania
9 14 11
15 2
9
16
25
6
211
|
New Zealand
40 9
5,006
12
60 3
828
10
4,178
CO
Union of South Africa
53 8
6
690
95 16
10
710 14
19
1 10
19 14 6 42 8 4
1000+
1
6
7
13
1
10 3
1
United States of America
1,091
16
2
2,461
6
1,026 11
2,723
65
2
22290
♡ 6
Canada
Philippine Islands
106 16
1,430 6
1
151
9
687 14
10
742
756 4 6
1,799 12
6
780 3
1,927 1
44
23
18
Japan
1,050 19 5
7,050 17
11
2,182
6
11,656 6
Malaya
1,782 2
10
6,808 10 4
1,912
5
4,666 | 10
British North Borneo
24
9
-
2,164
26
10 · 10
1,460
16
2,142
703
1,131
130
A
Sarawak
2 14
6
187
4
16 7
298
Siam
22 8
1
162. 10
31 10 8
165
:
Macao
695 19 4
139 2
251 11
118
O
20
22
LO
4072-2N
China
11,855 12 10
2,150 3
8
11,055, 7
11
8,822
800
4 11
127
2 4,605
1 10
1 111
7
3 1
6,672
11
!!! 00
11=0
India
5,376 14
661: 15
4
4,759 6
817
617 7
5
10
155
C'exion
291 1
113 16
10
825 5
125
34
4
11
16
Mauritius
10
1 2 4
281 16
674
17 10
392 12
French Indo-China
0294
5
Netherlands East Indies
Tot
470 17 9 88 8 10
1,151 16
3,871 19
306 19
879
163 18 2
272
12
31
14
4,282
6
56
14 10
410
6
1
£
27,581
6 11 48,188
21 27,779
6 10 51,495 18
812,161 5
1 9,982
4
11 | 2,359
13,289 15
5
ור
£75,769-15-1.
£79,275-5-6.
£12,143-10-0.
£15,649-0-5.
13,957 Orders issued in 1939.
13,652 Orders paid in 1939.
1
Net decrease £3,505-10-5.
Table X.
BRITISH POSTAL ORDERS ISSUED AND PAID AT HONG KONG.
ORDERS ISSUED.
VALUES.
Amount.
S.
d.
d.
S.
d.
S. d.
S. d. S. d.
S
d.
S.
d.
0. 6. 1. 0. 1.
6.
2.
6.
5. 0.
10. 0.10. 6. 20. 0.
£
S.
d.
Total in 1939 Total in 1938
504
2057
1709
2020
2979
2381
406
5277
8,027
14 11.
571
2196
1924
2274
3481
2588
447
5305
8,375
10 1.
Total in 1939
Total in 1938
Total in 1939 Total in 1938
ORDERS PAID.
No. of Notes.
6,485
6,444
Table XI.
STATEMENT OF LOCAL POSTAL NOTES ISSUED AT HONG KONG.
25 cts.
81
41
VALUES.
Amount.
£
S.
d.
3,983.
1.
11.
3,842.
0.
0.
Amount.
$1.00
$
&
14
207
34.
25
217.
25
R 11
R 12
Table XII.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF RADIOTELEGRAMS SENT
AND RECEIVED DURING THE YEARS 1939 AND 1938.
1939.
1939.
1938.
SERVICE.
FORWARDED.
RECEIVED.
TOTAL.
TOTAL.
Msgs. Words. Msgs. Words.
Msgs. Words.
Msgs.
Words.
PAID RADIOTELEGRAMS:
Ships
3,708 43,606 10,093
92,500
13,801 136,106
16,407
152,230
Aircraft
3
23
26
49
5
34
Press (Commercial)
TOTAL
3,711
43,629
78,172 8,386,190
88,269 8,478,716
78,172 8,386,190
37.018 4,383,805
91,980 8,522,345
53,430
!
4,536,069
INTERNAL TELEGRAMS :
༞-p,
JERALD
Steamer Advices and
Semaphore Messages
2
31
TOTAL PAID TRAFFIC
3,713
43,660
3,743 35,115
92,012 8,513,831
3,745 35,146
95,725 8,557,491
3,453
56,883 4,568,023
31,954
UNPAID TRAFFIC:
Aircraft Opp. Messages
82
Airstation
>>
22
1,616
Aircraft Met.
1,206
3
1,350 1,635 15,156 1,717
24,597 5,989 73,645 7,605
28,400
1,209
16,506
2.511
22,324
98,242
6,296
114.653
79
28,479 1,331
26,249
Airstation
>>
""
4,006
105,639 4,469 121,567
8,475
227.205
5,336
115,403
TOTAL
6,910
159,986 12,096 210,447
19,006
370,433
15,474
278,629
Anti-Piracy messages
52
Police messages
Meteorological messages
1,007 12,266 59,630 12,318
5,903 431,452
15,473 1,030,185
60,637
15,640
74,321
Rugby Press messages
Press intercepted
13,520 137,582
18,429 1,341,999
694 568,453
1,240 652,988
19,423 569,044
17,421
412,882
33,902 2,372,184 38.651
1,924,783
694 568,453
1,240 652,988
420
375,916
Navigational messages
56
Health messages
Service messages
3,124
5,431
50 3,524
41,129
19
957
75
6,388
109
2,754
50 5,289
2,523 27,160
100
8,813
100
8,557
5,647 68,289
4,684
49,433
(Marine only)
TOTAL UNPAID TRAFFIC.
31,568 1,672,724 60,837 3,004,505
92,405 4.677.229
92,499 3.127.275
TOTAL PAID TRAFFIC
TOTAL UNPAID
>>
95,725 8,557,491 56,883 4,568,023
92,405 4,677,229 92,499 3,127,275
GRAND TOTAL
188,130 13,234,720 149.382 7,695,298
!
R 13
Table XIII.
B. WIRELESS.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1938 AND 1989.
1938.
1939.
$
$
224,604
252.754
Personal Emoluments
Other Charges.
Cleansing Materials
199
185
Conveyance Allowances
1,270
1,144
Documents relating to Radiotelegraph service
497
446
Electric Current and Fuel
12,737
13,873
Incidental Expenses
1,578
1,675
Rent of Public Telephones
312
470
Repairs and Stores
Study courses
Telegrams
Transport
37,474
28,347
708
1,582
149
429
1,973
2,326
Uniforms
709
327
Total Personal Emoluments and Other Charges
282,210
303,558
Special Expenditure.
Diesel Electric Plant
2,844
Laboratory Checking Equipment
New Broadcasting Station
11,333
2,188
Portable Wavemeter
683
Typewriter
388
Wireless Instruments, Tools and Standard Meters
9,578
1,051
Total Special Expenditure
9,578
18,487
Total 'B' Wireless
291.788
322,045
R 14
Table XIV.
'C' BROADCASTING*
STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1939.
Personal Emoluments
1939.
$19,372
Other Charges.
Artists and Announcers
21,473
Incidental Expenses
1,242
Printing
Records
Rent of Public Telephone
Rent of Studios and Offices
Royalties and Reuter Fee
Translators and Occasional Staff
303
3,961
258
10,800
18,142
2,077
131
$77,759
Uniforms
Total Personal Emoluments and Other Charges
Special Expenditure.
Cabinets for records
Total Special Expenditure
Total 'C' Broadcasting
*Previously under Miscellaneous Services.
$
163
$
163
$77,922
R 15
Table XV.
(B) & (C) WIRELESS & BROADCASTING.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1938 AND 1939.
Messages Fees
Wireless Licences Broadcasting
Other
Table XVI.
1938.
1939.
$
$
126,902
87,958
127,189
151,152
7,338
8,817
261,429
247.927
(B) & (C) WIRELESS & BROADCASTING.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR THE LAST SEVEN YEARS.
Personal Emoluments
Special
Total
Year.
Revenue.
and Other Charges.
Expenditure. Expenditure.
$
$
$
$
1933
182,295
945
*
183,240
078,272
1934
199,211
199,211
682,403
1935
205,531
* 205,531
652,788
1936
223,322
* 223,322
750,857
1937
247,674
* 247,674
1,086,675
1938
361,210
9,578
(a) 370,788
(b) 261,429
1939
381,317
18,650
399,967
247,927
*Includes only expenditure appropriate to administration and operating. Other expenditure
met from P.W.D. votes.
(a) Technical staff, provision and maintenance of equipment paid from Post Office, Wireless
Vote as from 1st January, 1938.
(b) Commercial services transferred to Cable & Wireless Limited as from 1st January, 1938.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Chart of Local Passenger Receipts 1937-1939
Chart of Financial Results
I. General Survey
II. Transportation
1. Traffic
2. Rates and Fares
3. Operating
4. General
III. Accounts
1. General
2. Statistical
IV. Mechanical Engineering
V.-Civil Engineering
VI.-Stores
VII.--Staff
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND STATISTICAL TABLES
(See page 11 for Index).
Page.
1
2
3
Co
3
Co
3
CU
4
4
5
10
5
10
5
7
1-
7
00
8
9
10.
MONTHLY RECEIPTS IN
JAN
FED
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
9 3
ADG
SEP
OCT
L
6
$10,000's
3
8
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
I
الال
9
3
9
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
LOCAL PASSENGER
- S1—
RECEIPTS 1937 TO 1939.
$ 2
1
FINANCIAL
RESULTS
100% REVENUE $911,046.87
OPERATING RATIO 85.88%
100% EXPENDITURE $782,433.49
60%
90%
LOCAL PASSENGERS 72.52 %
80%
160%
1502
(70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
MISCELLANEOUS 23.02%
MAINTENENCE OF EQUIPMENT 25.04 %
RUNNING EXPENSES 22.70%
20
GENERAL EXPENSES 20.66%
10%
„MTCE.OF WAY & STRUCT. 18.42% „TRAFFIC EXPENSES 13.18%
LOCAL GOODS 4.46%
10%
HOW THE MONEY WAS OBTAINED. HOW THE MONEY WAS SPENT.
S 3
KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
Annual Report For 1939.
I. GENERAL SURVEY.
1. Despite the curtailment of activities to a local shuttle service, it is pleasing to be able to record an operating surplus of $128,613.38. This result is attributable mainly to the continued use of Railway land for storing cargo consigned to China, which could not be delivered owing to Sino-Japanese hostilities. The strict economy practised throughout the year was another contributory factor.
2. Receipts and net operating revenue were $911,046.87 and $128,613.38 respectively, as against $1,901,883.32 and $932,418.48 the previous year.
3. Operating expenditure was $782,433.49 compared with $969,464.84 in 1938.
4. In consonance with the complete suspension of through running, the operating ratio has depreciated from 50.97 to 85.88 per cent.
5. During a Japanese air raid on Shum Chun on February 21st, three planes inadvertently crossed the border. Four bombs were dropped on Lowu Station yard, and two near a local passenger train one mile south. There were
There were no casualties among railway staff or passengers, but eleven other persons were killed. Damage to railway property amounted to $8,428, and full compensation was paid by the Japanese Government.
6. Prospects for the coming year are not particularly bright. There appears to be no possibility of resuming through traffic; a marked advance in local pas- senger receipts is not expected; a fall in earnings from rentals is anticipated, and a considerable rise in expenditure must be faced due to the war in Europe. For these reasons a cautious financial policy will need to be pursued.
II. TRANSPORTATION.
1. Traffic.
7. Throughout the year 1939, the British Section reverted to a position as regards its functions not experienced since its infancy when all through running was suspended for long periods and the line was worked to the British border only. The current year, however, differs from those earlier years by reason of the fact that the border has been closed since August 16th owing to the presence of Japanese troops. This closure has resulted in marked increases in passenger journeys to and from Taipo and Fanling, the former station affording alternative communication with China via the Sha U Chung launch, and the latter via the Sha Tau Kok road-bus. This local expansion has failed to compensate for losses sustained at the frontier, on account of the very much shorter hauls involved and the decreased numbers travelling.
8. The local passenger journeys were 1,917,603 which is an all-time record, eclipsing by 403,623 the previous record attained during 1933. For reasons given in the above paragraph however, the rece pts from this source were only $660,698 compared with the 1933 peak of $704,183. In this connection it is worthy of record that the year opened auspiciously, the earnings during the first three months amounting to $209,068 which is the highest figure ever reached in any one quarter.
9. Local passenger carryings and receipts are compared with figures obtained during the two previous years in the subjoined table:
Passengers carried
Passenger receipts
1937
1938
906,164 1,415,267
$300,760 $486,344
1939
1,917,603
$660,698
1
S 4
The increase can be attributed to the increased population resident in the New Territories coupled with the factors referred to in paragraph 7 above.
10. As a corollary to the growth of passenger traffic, local goods receipts rose from $28,193.15 to $40,645.96, or 44.17%.
11. The earnings from the sale of combined rail and bus tickets to Sha Tau Kok increased by $10,301.35 from $13,388.25 to $23,689.60, or 76.94%. The reasons for this advance have already been given.
The
12. The value of the rail-bus shuttle service between Taipo Market and Fanling continues to demonstrate itself. Although the receipts from this source alone are only 15.48% higher than last year, yet the normal passenger train bookings between these two points have shown a further increase of 92.34% over the figures for 1938 which in turn were 389.45% higher than those of 1937. gain resulting from the elimination of the uneconomic overlapping of road and rail services can be gauged from the fact that rail earnings on this section have increased from $1,713.80 in 1937 to $15,989.78 in 1939. This latter figure is made up of $7,316.65 from the rail-bus and $8,673.13 from the ordinary train service. This striking advance has been achieved at the expense of an increased annual cost of only $5,330.00.
2. Rates and Fares.
13. No alterations were effected in rates and fares during the year.
3. Operating.
14. A new timetable was introduced on January 1st which consisted of 16 local passenger trains, 2 local goods and 14 rail-bus journeys daily.
15. In the interests of economy, the service was devised to enable the complete steam train schedule to be operated with three locomotives. Train punctuality has suffered slightly in consequence, due to the absence of a relief engine on those occasions when a breakdown has occurred; but the resultant savings have outweighed this small disadvantage.
16. On February 21st, Japanese aeroplanes bombed Shum Chun and Lowu Stations and a passenger train at the 20 mile post. This train was approaching Lowu when the raid commenced. It was stopped by its crew one mile south of the border, and two bombs were dropped within a few feet of it. Damage was caused to the locomotive, an open 30-ton goods wagon and a third-class passenger brake- van, while window glass was shattered in four other carriages. The permanent way was affected and instrument and telephone wires destroyed for some 250 yards. There were no casualties amongst the railway staff or passengers.
17.
Accidents, personal and operating, were as follows:-
Passengers died on trains
Staff killed on duty
Staff injured on duty
Trespassers killed by trains.
Trespassers injured by trains..
Derailments
Engine failure
Damage to Permanent Way
1
1
5
3
3
1
4
2
S 5
4. General.
18. A considerable amount of work was performed in the early part of the year on behalf of refugees accommodated in railway wagons at certain places on the line. Welfare workers under the auspices of the Emergency Refugee Council were conveyed free to and from the camps, and special trains were run to place covered goods and water wagons in suitable positions.
19. A request was received from the military authorities for the railway bridge at the border to be dismantled. The work was commenced on August 23rd and completed on August 27th. A road bridge to the east of the railway was also demolished.
Its
20. A typhoon struck the Colony at about 11.00 a.m. on November 23rd. approach was most rapid, the first warning of its proximity being received at 8.40 a.m. Luckily, the intensity was not particularly severe, although it was necessary to cancel certain local trains to enable two battalions of the Regular Army and a large number of Volunteers, who were in camp, to be brought back to Kowloon.
21. There were 10 prosecutions, all resulting in convictions. us under :-
Travelling without tickets
Trespass
Theft
2
2
10
Particulars are
22.
On the last day of the year the British border was re-opened by the evacuation of the Japanese armed forces from the district.
III. ACCOUNTS.
1. General.
23. The Capital Account now stands at $20,752,854.05, having been increased by $14,995.24 during the year, the largest individual items being $4,000.74 expended on electrical equipment for carriages, and $2,094.27 for the installation of telephones at level crossings.
24. The net operating revenue was $128,613.38 and, after making provision for all interest charges, the net surplus was $21,167.88. This sum has been applied to the reduction of the accumulated deficits brought forward from previous years. The total accumulated deficits at the close of the year were $6,735,070.33.
25. The working results for the past five years are as under —
Year.
Gross Receipts.
Operating
Net Operating
Expenses.
Revenue.
$
$
$
1935
1,411,087.76
911,020.25
500,654.48
1936
1,245,469.16
790,736.16
454,733.00
1937
1,331,468.73
894,533.43
436,935.30
1938
1,901,883.32
969,464.84
932,418.48
1939
911,046.87
782,433.49
128.613.38
The figures for 1939 are in respect of local traffic only, through traffic being
suspended throughout the year.
$ 6
26. Receipts and Expenditure under the most important heads are given below and compared with the estimates for the year and actuals for the preceding year :—
Operating Receipts.
Actuals
Estimates
Actuals
Heads
1938
1939
1939
$
$
$
R
J
Passengers Service Local
480,495
380,000
648,164
R
-
2 Passengers Service Other Local
5,849
3,000
12,535
R 3
Goods Service, Local
26,228
20,000
39,260
R
7
Profit on Central Mechanical Works...
61,331
50,000
6,504
R8
Rents
187,260
100,000
184,681
R
Incidental Revenue
121,649
48,000
18,518
Operating Expenditure.
Actuals
Estimates
Actuals
Heads
1938
1939
1939
$
$
$
E
General Expenses
E 2
Traffic Expenses
E - 3
Running Expenses
E 4
Maintenance of Equipment
E - 5
Maintenance of Way & Structures
187,834
172,917
161,658
112,513 130,963
103,101
337,678
352,737 177,644
212,623
241,948
195,914
118,818
147,092
144,116
27. Total savings amounting to $263,508.97, or 29.39% of the estimates, were effected on operating expenditure. This was due to the fact that the estimates were prepared before the closing of the line to through traffic and to unremitting efforts towards economy which were made throughout the year.
28. Trends of various railway activities are indicated below by comparing peak earnings with those of the current year :-
Peak earnings prior to 1939.
Source.
Earnings 1939
Amount
Passenger Traffic.
$
Year
obtained.
Terminal Through
443,159
1937
Sectional Through
179,705
1937
Transit
17,136
1938
Local (all stations)
660.698
704,183
1933
Local (Shum Chun only)
169,778
438,167
1933
Local (all stations except Shum Chun)
490,920†
340,075
1938
Goods Traffic.
Terminal Through
154,711
1938
Sectional Through
Transit
53,477
1938.
413,599
1938
Local
Miscellaneous.
Rent and Incidentals
40,646†
34,031
1927
203.199
308.909
1938
Foreign Train Haulage
289.641
1935
† A new record.
29. All available storage space was leased out for the greater part of the year
and, in consequence, $184,680.87 was earned from rentals.
+
S 7
30. The position regarding final division sheets, referred to in paragraph 64 of last year's report, is still far from satisfactory. Terminal and Sectional Traffic sheets from November 1937 to the cessation of through traffic in October 1938 have not yet been accepted by the Chinese Section. All sheets in respect of transit traffic, except those for the month of July 1938, have been accepted by the Canton-Hankow Railway Administration and the Chinese Section. The July sheets were lost between Hankow and Canton, but copies have been made and forwarded to the Chinese Section for their acceptance. Payments on account from funds in our possession were made to the Chinese Section in February. Authority was given by the Ministry of Communications for various sums due to the British Section by the Ministry to be deducted from the Canton-Hankow Railway traffic balances.
31. Traffic balances held in suspense at the end of the year pending settlement of various issues involved were:-
Chinese Section
Through traffic Transit traffic
$453.38 198.61
$651.99
Total
Canton-Hankow Railway ....Transit traffic
32. Depreciation charges on rolling stock for the year $55,550.24. This sum has been included in the operating account. now standing to the credit of Depreciation Reserves is $896,278.41.
$45,696.24
amounted
to
The amount
33. Special expenditure amounted to $94,640.75. This has been allocated as under :-
Capital Revenue
Depreciation Reserves
Total
2. Statistical.
$14,995.24
16,187.29
63,458.22
$94,640.75
34. The Statistical Section has continued to compile comprehensive returns of the working of the Railway throughout the year.
35. Many comparative statistics given in previous reports have been omitted due to the cessation of through running.
IV.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.
36. All locomotives, carriages, wagons, machinery, tools and plant have been maintained in an efficient condition during the year.
37. Considerable savings have been effected by laying up all rolling stock rendered redundant by the restricted service.
38. A new superheated boiler was fitted to a "B" class locomotive in April, together with a new A.C.F.I. feed-water heater. Extensive trials disclosed that the savings in coal and water were as follows:-
Before fitting After fitting
Savings
Coal per train mile (lbs.)
Water per train
mile (gallons).
81.03 60.20
56.21
47.15
20.83
9.06
Some difficulty was experienced with carbonization of cylinder oils. This has been remedied by fitting anti-carbonizers and cutting down the quantity of oil.
S 8
39. Two sets of re-designed side-rod forgings were machined and fitted to two Class "B" locomotives. Coupler rod eyes were dispensed with. These eyes were considered essential when the locomotives were ordered, owing to the heavy curvature of the line, but many engine failures have been caused by them. The new type have so far proved quite satisfactory; in addition a considerable amount of noise or "clanking" has been eliminated.
40. The material for building two new fireboxes arrived in October and work is well in hand. One firebox is for an "A" class locomotive and the other for a "B" class. The latter is being built for superheating to enable another engine to be converted to a superheated type.
41. It has been found that considerable economy can be secured by washing down carriages after two years of service and then giving them one to two coats of varnish. This method, besides not detracting from their appearance, doubles the period between general varnishing of exteriors.
42. A new marking system for wagons based on Chinese Government Rail- way practice has been completed during the year.
43. At the request of the Government Auditor, a complete re-organization of the method of issuing and storing tools and plant has been carried out.
The new scheme is a marked improvement on the old haphazard arrangement.
44. The motor repair shop has been kept fully employed throughout the year. In addition to normal repair work, major overhauls were carried out to two refuse lorries, four meat vans, four police vans, one air-port ambulance, and one fire engine. Three chassis were prepared for three new refuse tipping lorries and one ambulance was rebuilt for the Fire Brigade. Twenty-eight motor cycles and side cars and two armoured cars belonging to the H.K. Volunteer Defence Corps were transferred from the Island during May and are now garaged and serviced in the repair shop.
45. A considerable amount of work was undertaken for the Air Raid Pre- cautions Department, the Fire Brigade, the Urban Council, the Medical Depart- ment and the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps. This work enabled the workshop staff to be kept busy when railway activity was at a low ebb.
V. CIVIL ENGINEERING.
46. Way and Works have been maintained in good order and repair during the year.
47. Half the reinforced concrete gantries of the Goods Sheds at Kowloon Station, damaged during the heavy freight movements of 1937 and 1938, were reconstructed.
48. Detached kitchens were provided to Ganghuts 8, 9 and 10. This work completed the programme for improving subordinate staff quarters.
49. To prevent further accidents to pedestrians at Bridge 47, a side-walk, 158 feet in length, was erected.
50. As part of a plan to control ingress to the Colony, all superstructure of the central and southern spans of Bridge No. 49 (Shum Chun River), with the exception of the two main truss girders, was dismantled and removed. This task was performed at the end of August.
51. The painting gang was fully occupied, the principal work being the painting of all station buildings other than Kowloon,
S 9
52. Tests of two types of "Monarch" Points Levers were made in the early part of the year. The self-locking type proved so successful that it was de- cided to standardize it for Locomotive Yard use. It is simple and cheap and is being manufactured in our Central Mechanical Workshops. We are indebted to the Monarch Controller Co., Ltd., for waiving all royalties.
53. A tunnel, 6 feet by 4 feet by 96 feet in length, was driven through the railway embankment at Boundary Street, Kowloon, to enable a 24-inch water main to be laid.
54. The percentage of "Timeproof" concrete sleepers in the main line at the end of the year was 49.5, compared with 69.6 in 1934 when manufacture of this type of sleeper ceased.
VI. STORES.
55. Railway Stores were maintained satisfactorily during the year.
56. Prices for the period January-June were the same as for the latter period of 1938, but July-December prices affecting 156 items increased by sonic 13%, indicating nervousness in the local market.
57. The price of coal averaged $21.05 per ton as against an average of $21.96 per ton for the previous year, the source of supply being South Africa.
58. At the express request of the Audit Department, the Railway Stores adopted the loose-leaf ledger method of book-keeping towards the end of the year. The change was advocated in the interests of economy and standardization of forms. Whenever it has been possible to give effect to these principles without departure from established Railway practice, this department has co-operated to the full.
59. A statement of figures representing the Stores position as at December 31st 1939 is given below:-
Balance of Unallocated Stores as at 1.1.39
$147,952.03
Stores purchased in 1939:—
Coal
$104,966.05
Sleepers
11,360.27
By Local Contract
83,200.08
From Stores Department (Oil, petrol, etc.)
38,233.11
Transfer between stores
18,975.83
From other Departments
1,327.08
Crown Agents
103,691.45
Adjustment for stores not paid for
1,323.91
363,077.78
511,029.84
Less:-
Stores issued
Deficiency written off
Balance of Unallocated Stores as at 31.12.39
393,890.60
20.60 393,911.20
$117,118.64
S 10
VII. STAFF.
60. Mr. J. Smith, the Chief Mechanical Engineer, proceeded on long leave on 14th February and returned to the Colony on 22nd December. During his absence, the Chinese Ministry of Communications were kind enough to second Mr. H. O. B. Greer to act in his place.
61.
Mr. W. R. N. Andrews, who was seconded from the Harbour Office to act as Chief Accountant, proceeded on long leave on March 30th, and Mr. G. H. Fowler was transferred from Treasury to act in his place. Mr. Fowler returned to Treasury on August 26th, and Mr. A. E. Perry acted as Chief Accountant.
:
62. Mr. I. B. Trevor, the Traffic Manager, returned from home leave on August 16th.
63. Staff strength at the end of the year was 549, comprising 338 monthly paid and 211 daily paid employees, as against the previous year's figures of 353 and 215 respectively.
144.
64.
The Railway Recreation Club membership at the close of the year was
65. The strength of the Railway First Aid Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas at the close of the year was 57 officers and men, all of whom passed the annual examination. Five accidents in all were treated.
66. The Railway Operating Detachment Cadre of the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps was maintained at full strength throughout the year.
R. D. WALKER, M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. T., Manager & Chief Engineer.
Kowloon, March 5th, 1940.
S 11
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND STATISTICAL TABLES.
Page.
Summary of Operating Statistics
12-15
PART I.-FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
No.
1
Special Expenditure
16
2
Capital Expenditure
17
3
Operating Account
18-19
3A
Reconciliation between Railway and Treasury Books
18-19
4
Income
20-23
5
Accumulated Deficits
24-25
6
General Balance Sheet
26-27
7
Passenger Traffic and Receipts (Analysis of Passenger Service)
28
8
9
Goods Traffic and Receipts (Analysis of Goods Service) Miscellaneous Operating Revenue
29
29
10 Assignments of Operating Expenses
30
11
Unallocated Stores Account
30
12
Analysis of Traffic Revenue
30
13
Analysis of Expenditure
31-35
PART II. STATISTICAL TABLES.
Table.
A
Analysis of Operated Mileage
36
B
Sleeper Renewals
36
*
C
Classification of Rolling Stock-Motive Power
37
D
E
-do-
-do-
-Carriages
38
-Goods Wagons
39
F
-do-
-Service Equipment
39
G
Analysis of Steam Train Mileage hauled by British Section
Locomotives
40
Η
Analysis of Railcar Train Mileage
11
I
Analysis of Carriage and Wagon Mileage
41
J
Timekeeping of Booked Trains
41
K
Statistics of Passenger Traffic
42
L
Statistics of Goods Traffic
43
M
Passenger Train Statistics
43
N
Goods Train Statistics
43
0
Consumption of Coal on Locomotives
44
Р
Miscellaneous Running Costs and Performances
45
Q
List of Employees
46-47
S 12
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS.
Head
List of heads.
1937
1938
1939
No.
1
Gauge
4′ 8′′
4' 83"
4' 8"
2
Route mileage:-
(a) Owned
(b) Operated
3
Track mileage
4
Gross Railway receipts
21.76
21.76
21.76
22.06
22.06
21.50
34.69
34.85
34.85
1,331,468
1,901,SS3
911,047
894,533
969,465
782,434
5
6
CO
7
8
со
Railway working expenditure
Net operating revenue
Percentage of Railway working expenditure to gross Railway receipts
Capital expenditure
9 Percentage of net operating
revenue to capital expenditure
€
436,935 932,418 128,613
67.18
50.97
85.88
$ 20,476,704 20,737,859 20,752,854
2.13
4.50
.62
10
Capital expenditure per route mile
owned
941,030
953,027 953,716
11
Gross Railway receipts per route
mile operated
$
60,357 86,214 42,374
12
Railway working expenditure per
route mile operated
$
40,550 43,947 36,392
· 13
Passenger paying train mileage on
Home Line:-
(a) Local traffic
(b) Through traffic
91,449 119,777 138,854 59,607 20,136
(c) Total traffic
151,056
139,913 138,854
14
Percentage of through to total
Passenger train mileage
39.46
14.39
15
Goods paying train mileage on
Home Line:-
(a) Local traffic
20,000 35,082
31,235
(b) Through traffic
(c) Total traffic
33,903 59,735 53,903
94,817 31,235
16
Train mileage on Home Line:-
(a) Steam
(b) Railcar
(c) Total
204,802. 216,936 144,961
3,330 19,985 27,826
208,132
236,921 172,787
S 13
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,
-
Head No.
List of heads.
(Continued).
1937.
1938
1939
17
Average train miles per day per
route mile operated
25.84
29.42
22.02
18
Foreign train mileage hauled by British Section locomotives
121,825
47,952
19
Foreign train mileage run by
British Section railcars
887
20
Home train mileage hauled by British Section locomotives
173,862
199,329
144,961
21
Train mileage hauled by British
Section locomotives
295,687
247,281
144,961
22
Train mileage run by British
Section railcars
4,217
19,985
27,826
23
Home train mileage hauled by
Chinese Section locomotives.
30,940
17,607
24
Haulage receipts
92,606
62,137
25
Percentage of haulage receipts to
gross Railway receipts
6.96
3.27
26
Engine mileage:-
(a) Steam
456,499
452,265
231,382
(b) Railcar
4,812
21,852
28,720
27
Percentage of train to engine
mileage:-
(a) Steam
64.77
54.68
62.65
(b) Railcar
87.63
91.46
96.89
28
Gross railway receipts per train
29
mile (Home Line) §
Railway working expenditure per
€
5.95
7.76
5.27
train mile (Home Line) §
$
3.85
3.83
4.53
30
Engine hours
39,509
45,658
22,159
31
Train miles per engine hour
7.48
5.42
6.54
32
Number of steam locomotives in
stock
12
14
14
33
Engine miles per day per steam
34
Passenger receipts:-
locomotives in stock
(a) Local traffic
(b) Through traffic
(e) Total traffic
104.2
88.5
45.3
Ꭽ Ꭿ Ꮞ ᏠᎯ
$
$
300,760
486,344 660,698
622,864 325,586
923,624 811,930 660,698
S 14
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,
(Continued).
Head
No.
List of heads.
1937
1938
1939
35
Percentage of passenger receipts
to gross Railway receipts
36
Passenger receipts per route mile
operated
$
69.37
42.69
72.52
41,869
36,806
30,730
37
Passenger receipts per paying
train mile:
(a) Local traffic
$
(b) Through traffic
(c) Total traffic
$
∞ ∞ ∞
3.29
4.06
4.76
$
10.45
16.17
6.10
5.80
4.76
38
Number of passenger journeys:-
(a) Local traffic
(b) Through traffic
(c) Total traffic
39
Passenger miles:-
(a) Local traffic
(b) Through traffic
37,285,202 17,377,069
(c) Total traffic
919,131 1,428,417 1,945,637 1,702,387 791,347
2,721,518 2,219,764 1,945,637
10,960,398 17,430,243 23,245,281
|48,245,600 34,807,312 23,245,281
40
Average Passenger Receipts per
passenger mile:--
(a) Local traffic
$
(b) Through traffic
(c) Total traffic
∞o es es
0.028
0.028
0.028
$
0.017
0.019
0.019
0.023
0.028
41
Passenger miles per route mile
operated
2,187,017 1,577,847 1,081,176
42
Passenger miles per passenger
train mile:-
(a) Local traffic
120
146
167
(b) Through traffic
- 626
863
(c) Total traffic
319
249!
167
43
Average length of journey.
Miles
17.73
15.68
11.95
44
Number of coaching vehicles in
stock
44
44
44
45
Coaching vehicles mileage
1,397,886
923,109
743,483
46
Carriage miles per
day per
coaching vehicle in stock
87.0
57.5
46.3
47
Goods Receipts:-
(a) Local traffic
(b) Through traffic
$
(c) Total traffic
$
+ EA A F
t
17,707 28,193 167,556
40,646
621,787
185,263
649,980 40,646
$ 15
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,
Head No.
List of heads.
(Continued).
1937
1938
1939
48
Percentage of goods receipts to
gross Railway receipts
13.91
34.18
4.46
49
Goods receipts per route mile
operated
8,398
29,464
1,891
A
50
Goods receipts per paying train
mile:-
(a) Local traffic
$
(b) Through traffic
$
(c) Total traffic
es es es
0.89
0.80
1.30
4.94
10.41
$
3.44
6.86
1.30
51
Tons of goods hauled
185,389
482,070
37,146
52
Average receipt per ton of goods
$
1.00
1.35
1.09
53
Nett ton mileage of goods
3,926,221 10,356,338
583,556
54
Average receipt per ton mile
謝
0.047
0.063
0.070
55
Average length of haul of paying
goods traffic
miles
21.17
21.48
15.71
56
Number of goods vehicles in stock
110
130
130
57
Loaded goods vehicle mileage
489,361
750,430
190,516
58
Empty goods vehicle mileage
218,013
318,310
45,103
59
Total goods vehicle mileage
707,374 1,068,740
235,619
8
60
Percentage of empty to total goods
vehicle mileage
30.82
29.78
19.14
61
Average wagon load
tons
7.98
13.72
2.89
62
Wagon miles per day per goods
vehicle in stock
17.6
22.5
5.0
63
Coal consumed by steam locomo-
tives per train mile.
lbs.
87.05
105.30
84.66
64
Lubricating oil consumed by steam locomotives per 100
engine miles
pints
13.29
13.83
14.03
65
Lubricating oil consumed by
coaching and goods vehicles
per 1,000 vehicle miles ... pints
5.44
5.70
6.25
66
Petrol consumed per railcar train
mile:-
(a) Motor coaches
gals.
0.359
0.358
0.342
(b) Rail bus
gals.
0.128
0.130
§ Haulage receipts deducted.
† Receipts from all sources.
Particulars
S 16
PART I.-FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. Statement No. 1-Special Expenditure.
Estimates for the year
Expenditure during the year
Allocations
Items chargeable to Capital Account.
Sub-heads.
Debit:-
34
Detached Kitchens for Staff Quarters
and Gang Huts
$ 1,200.00 $ 1,166.31
35
Electrical Equipments for Carriages
4,068.00
4,000.74
C-11-4 Staff quarters.
C-15-5 Lighting & Heating Equipment
36
Four 40-ton Hydraulic Lifting and
Traversing Jacks
2,034.00
1,720.00
C-12-2 Machinery and Tools.
38
Installation of Telephones at Level
Crossings
3,000.00
2,094.27
C-8
Telegraphs and Telephones.
40
New Locomotive Staff Quarters at
Hung Hom
1,500.00
1,007.03
C-11-4 Staff Quarters.
41
New Signal Post for Kowloon Station
Yard
1,650.00
1,649.55
C-10-2 Signals and Interlocking Gear.
42
One all gear High Speed Columu
Drilling Machine
1,595.00
1,555.21
C-12-2 Machinery and Tools.
47
Sidewalk for Bridge No. 47
*
1,000.00 92.00
1,075.10
C- 4-5 Roads.
Provision of fans in five 3rd Class
Coaches
+ 766.00
726.97
C-15-5 Lighting and Heating Equipment.
I
16,905.00
14,995.24
Items chargeable to revenue account and debited to operating expenses.
43
One set Neale Token Instruments as
replacements
E-5-6
2,800.00
44
Re-building of typewriters
200.00
2,796.60
115.90
E-1-6
Signals and Switches.
Head Office Expenses.
45
Re-construction of lean-to-roofs and
gantries of Goods Shed at Kowloon Station
3,500.00
3,363.11
E-5-7-2 Repairs, Stations & Buildings.
46
Re-railing part of Kowloon Station
Yard
E-5-5-3 Rails and Fastenings.
10,000.00
9,911.68
48
Tarpaulins
2,000.00
49
Two Calculating and Adding Machines
1,000.00
19,500.00
16,187,29
Items chargeable to Depreciation Reserves.
37
Goods Wagons heavy repairs
39
Locomotive heavy repairs
5,000.00
15,000.00
4,999.56
11,990.51
B-3-3
Depreciation Reserves.
do.
Repairs to damaged locomotive and
wagons
+ 5,286.00
5,100.00
do.
One new Superheated Boiler for Class
B. Locomotive
+ 45,000.00
41,368.15
do.
70,286.00 63,458.22
Item chargeable to Government
Total
*
Supplementary vote.
+ Items revoted during the year.
106,691.00 94,640.75
Statement No. 2-Capital Expenditure.
Net Capital Expenditure
At the end of
the year
7
During the year
At the beginning
Main Heads
of the year
New Lines and Additions and Extensions Betterments
Property Abandoned
1
2
3
4
5
6
Part I-Construction Accounts.
S 17
C-1 General Expenditure
C-2 Preliminary Expenditure
C-3 Land
C-4 Formation
C-5 Tunnels
$
C-6 Bridgework
C-7 Line Protection
753,619.68
80,045.23
5,210,696.83
2,844,293.70
3,817,997.54
1,419,674.07
$
753,619.68
80,045.23
5,210,696.83
$ 1,075.16
$ 1,075.16
2,845,368.86
3,817,997.54
1,419,674,07
C-8 Telegraphs and Telephones C-9 Track
128,677.82
43,582.12
128,677.82
2,094.27
2,094.27
45,676.39
1,074,055.42
C-10 Signals and Switches
1,074,055.42
106,255.59
1,649.55
C-11 Stations and Buildings
1,649.55
107,905.14
1,140,892.34
2,173.34
2,173.34
C-12 Central Mechanical Works
1,143,065.68
400,801.33
3,275.21
C-13 Special Mechanical Works
3,275.21
404,076.54
C-14 Plant
190,682.76
C-15 Rolling Stock
3,054,521.84
190,682.76
4,727.71
C-16 Maintenance
4,727.71
1,129.75
3,059,249.55
C-17 Docks, Harbours and Wharves
76,022.13
1,129.75
C-18 Floating Equipment
76,022.13
Total of Part I
20,342,948.15
14,995.24
14,995.24
20,357,943.39
Part II-Financial Accounts.
C-19 Interest during Construction
701,705.62
C-20 Exchange (Commuted General and Bank)
701,705.62
306,794.96
306,794.96
Total of Part II
394,910.66
Total of Part I & II
394,910.66
20,787,858.81
14,995.24
14,995.24
20,752,854.05
C-21 Deduct Receipts on Capital Account
Total cost of property
carried to Balance Sheet
$20,737,858.81
$14,995.24
$14,995.24
$20,752,854.05
Dr.
Percentage on total
operating
expenses
Previous Year
Amount
S 18-
Statement No. 3-
Current Year
Operating Expenses
Percentage
Amount
on total operating expenses
c.
C.
MAIN LINE
C.
$
C.
187,833.53
12.35
7.02
119,764.74 68,068.79
11.61
112,512.89 337,677.83
E-1 General Expenses
Administration Special
E-2 Traffic Expenses
E-3 Running Expenses
161,658.26
93,519.25
11.95
68,139.01
8.71
103,101.15
13.18
177,644.05
31.46
304.963.20
Locomotives
149,735.42
19.40
1.31
12,667.10
.50
4,903.83
Carriages and Wagons Motor Vehicles
8,557.58
1.09
5,837.29
.48
1.56
15,143.70
Traffic
13,513.76
1.73
212,623.07
E 4 Maintenance of Equipment
195,913.86
21.93
212,623.07
118,817.52
Locomotives Department E-5 Maintenance of Way and
Structures
195,913.86
25.04
144,116.17
11.74
113,774.91
.52
5,042.61
Engineering Department Other Departmen!
139,014.41 5,101.76
17.77
.65
100.00
969,464.84
932,418.48
Total operating expenses
Balance net revenue
782,433.49 100.00
128,613.38
100.00
1,901,883.32
911,046.87
100.00
(1) Operating expenditure as per Treasury figure
(2) Portion of Special Expenditure chargeable to Revenue
(3) Depreciation on Rolling Stock
(4) Repayments in respect of B-8-2 Payments made in advance
(5) Services rendered by Government
(6) Pensions and gratuities
(7) Rent and other Special allowances to staff
(8) Staff passages
Less Running expenses of Government motor cars and lorries which is
included in (1)
53
Major replacement of units chargeable to Depreciation Reserves
Total operating expenses
Expenditure
Expenditure as per Treasury figure:--
Operating Expenses
Special Expenditure
Stock on hand (Unallocated Stores)
633,047.03
16,187.29
55,550.24
3,912.00
3,680.53
63,464.65
9,847.32
9,000.00
794,689.06
$12,255.57
12,255.57
782,433.49
Statement No. 3A Reconciliation between
Amount
633.047.03
94,640.75
Expenditure as per Treasury figure
727,687.78
A
Operating Account.
Percentage on total
operating
revenue
Previous Year
Amount
S. 19
Operating Revenue
Cr.
Current Year
Percentage
Amount
or total operaling
revenue
C.
C.
25.27
480,494.72
LOCAL SERVICE
R-1 Passengers Service,
Passengers
C.
CA
C.
648.163.60
71.14
.31
5,849.20
R-2
Passengers Service, Other
12,534.64
1.38
1.38
26,227.75
R-3
Goods Service, Goods
39.259.61
4.31
.10
1,965.40
R 4
Goods Service, Other
1,386.35
.15
3.22
61,330.93
R-7
Profit on Central Mechanical
Works
6,503.88
.72
9.85
187,260.07
R-8
Rents
184.680.87
20.27
1.52
28,973.86
792,101.93
R-9
Incidental Revenue
18,517.92 911,046.87
2.03
THROUGH SERVICE
15.98
303,833.96
1.14
21,752.27
28.66
545,075.13
4.03
76.712.15
4.87
92,675.44
3.27
62,136.73
.40
7,595.711,109,781.39
R-1 Passengers Service,
Passengers
R-2
Passengers Service, Other
R-3
Goods Service, Goods
R 4
Goods Service, Other
R-9
Incidental Revenue
R-10 Auxiliary Operation, Foreign
Haulage
R-11 Interchange of Rolling
Stock
100.00
1,901,883.32
Total operating revenue
Balance net loss
100.00
1,901,883.32
(1) Nel revenue as per Statement No. 3A
(2) Government transportation
(a) Passengers
(b) Goods
(3) Government rentals etc.
911,046 87
100.00
911,046.87
100.00
$
837,544.90
40,292.59
2.039.60
13,643.03
17,526.75
Sundry debtors as at 31st December, 1939
Total operating revenue
911,046.87
Railway and Treasury Books.
Gross revenue as per Treasury figure
Less sales of Unallocated Stores
Revenue
Deduct Sundry debtors for 1938 collected in 1939:-
Sundry debtors as al 31st December, 1938
Less amount written off (see Profit and Loss Account P.L. 7 Delayed
operating debit)
Net revenue collected in respect of the year 1939
Amount
945,062.19
32,157.33
912,904.86
$75,524.99
165.03
75,359.96
837,544.90
Previous year
$
1
S 20
Statement No. 4
Part I-
Current year
1
→
I-8
Balance, net loss.
I-9
Interest on funded debt.
1-10
Interest on current debt
I-11
Contractual dividends
108,186.92
1-12
Interest on Government investments
.(A) 117,327.36
I-13
Loss on industrial investment
I-14
Amortization of discounts on funded debt
1-15
Taxes
I-16
Rents payable
I-17
Discount on depreciated currency
I-18
Exchange (loss)
I-19
Miscellaneous debits
108,186.92
Total
834,739.77
Balance
942,926.69
Total
117,327.36
21,332.91
138,660.27
$117,327.36
(A) Interest on Special Expenditure up to 1938 (less sales and adjustments)
31% on $3,352,210.24
-Income.
Income Account.
Previous year
2
- S 21
―
Current year
2
932,418.48
I-1
Balance, net revenue
$
128,613.38
I-2
Income from securities
10,508.21
I-3
Interest on Depreciation Reserves
(B)
10,046.89
I-4
Prolit on industrial investments
I-5
Rents receivable
I-6
Exchange (gain)
I-7
Miscellaneous credits
942,926.69
Total
Balance
Total
138,660.27
942,926.69
138,660.27
(B) Interest on Depreciation Reserves up to 1938.
31% on $287,054.07
$10,046.89
Non Interest Bearing
$617,132.32
Total Depreciation Reserves
$904,186.39
Previous year
€
1
$ 22
PL-5 Balance of the year
Statement No. 4 (continued)
Part II-Profit
Current year
s.
1
PL-6
Loss on property retired
PL-7
Delayed operating debits
*
165.03
PL-8
Miscellaneous debits
Total
165.03
834,739.77
834,739.77
Balance
Total
21,167.88
21,332.91
* Amount written off in respect of money owed by Tung Kun
Previous year
1
Part III-Surplus
Current year
1
&
S-4
Deficit for the year
7,590,977.98
S-5
Deficit from previous years
6,756,238.21
7,590,977.98
Total
6,756.238.21
Surplus carried to balance sheet
7,590,977.98
Total
6,756,238.21
-Income.
and Loss Account.
Previous year
2
S 23
$
&
834,739.77
PL-1
Balance of the year
PL-2
Profit on sale of assets
PL-3
Delayed operating credits
PL-4
Miscellaneous credits
834,739.77
Total
Balance
834,739.77
Total
Bus Co. for Through bookings in September and October, 1938.
Appropriation Account.
Previous year
2
Current year
2
SA
$
21,332.91
21.332.91
21,382.91
Current year
2
834,739.77
S-1
Surplus for the year
21,167.88
S-2
Surplus from previous years
834,739.77
Total
21,167.88
6,756,238.21
Deficit carried to balance sheet
6.735.070.33
7,590,977.98
Total
6,756,238.21
Year.
Net Earnings.
Credits.
Transport of Government Passengers, Rent of
Railway Quarters.
Profit on property retired.
Interest on Depreciation Reserves.
S 24
Loss on Working.
1910
832.66
1911
24,845.14
1912
34,298.24
1913
87,824.74
1914
90,241.93
1915
46,503.11
1916
69,524.04
407.29
1917
90,814.98
814.58
1918
77,053.36 2,289.95
1919
73,060.63 1,561.77
1920
33,032.06 4,948.07
1921
75,989.71 8,107.10
1922
148,151.40 8,432.75
1923
9,554.63
48,791.35
1924
10,965.20
87,628.27
1925
8,987.44
99,323.18
1,703.61
1926
10,710.06
2,411.86 101,743.07
1927
11,483.65
5,196.88
2,344.56
1928
20,040.73
11,394.57
6,724.83
1929
138,767.19 10,299.30
8,080.68
1930
133,106.47 10,402.61
8,080.68
1931
150,094.76 10,752.79
9,106.20
1932
333,412.15
7,156.15 9,446.24
1933
711,052.42
121.63
10,649.49
1934
696,604.41 2,756.86
10,054.30
1935
500,654.48
9,262.41
1936
454,733.00
9,720.32
1937
436,935.30
10,643.40
1938
932.418.48
10,508.21
1939
128,613.38
10,046.89
5,463,759.63123,990.25 7,156.15 119,932.39 364,675.57 1,703.61 41.753.59
9,549.36
32,204.28
A
Loss by armed
robbery.
Statement No. 5-
Loss on property retired.
Accumulated Deficits.
Debits.
Loss on Bad debts
S 25
Interest on Wu Chang Loan, Crown Agents Advances and Special Expenditure on Capital Account.
Depreciation on Rolling Stock not included in Operating Account.
Special Expenditure chargeable to revenue, not included in Operating Account.
Pensions not included in Operating Account.
Rent and other allowances, Passages and Stationery
not included in
Operating Account.
Total
Credits.
Total
Debits.
15,148.15
389,733.23 15,268.15
857.15
1,352.15
832.6€
16,005.30
431,198.67
385,000.00 22,896.45
3,696.11
34,298.24 411,592.56
385,000.00 23,247.65
3,756.11
87,824.74 412,003.76
415,280.90 25,866.06
3,756.10
90,241.93 444,903.06
429,767.44 36,563.08
3,786.10
358,834.95 37,403.26
3,918.10
46,503.11 470,116.62
69,931.33 400,156.31
299,231.12 36,346.37 6,518.11
4,277.85 91,629.56 346,373.45
243,664.17 36,258.57 13,549.29
18,912.37
79,343.31
312,384.40
212,421.59 31,816.92 3,249.13
29,010.76
74,622.40 276,498.40
192,020.75 37,421.47 17,618.79
21,395.60
37,980.13 268,456.61
326,761.08 35,296.85 20,311.48
8,722.33
84,096.81 301,091.74
356,078.64 58,519.53 33,861.24
6,767.28
156,584.15
455,226.69
324,210.53 77,720.22 34,689.63 298.00
397,585.36 54,077.90 83,318.17 99.33 13,524.49
16,094.61
9,554.63
597,396.60
10,965.20 540,641.26
417,191.43 73,281.69
453,898.92
492,298.41
489,571.04
496,817.79
651,568.82
829,593.59
698,961.89
675,885.92
604,362.32
(A) 104,705.85
298.00
8,987.44: 591,797.91
13,121.92 555,641.99
16,680.53 494,642.97
38,160.13 499,120.40
157,147.17 529,022.02
151,589.76 651,568.82
169,953.75 829,593.59
350,014.54
107,196.15
698,961.89
721,823.54 675,885.92
709,415.57
604,362.32
509,916.89 104,705.85
464,453.32 107,196.15
107,684.18
108,186.92
165.03
117,327.36
165.03
447,578.70
107,684.18
942,926.69 108,186.92
138.660.27 117,492.39
11,070,840.85 617,132.32 213,115.84 695.33 139,827.11 5,714,838.42 12,449,908.75
Deduct total credits
5,714,838.42
Accumulated Deficits
$6,785,070.33
(A) Wu Chang Loan redeemed in October, 1934.
Dr.
Balance at beginning
S 26
Assets or Debit Balance.
Heads of classifications
of year
B-6 Investment assets:
20,787,858.81
Statement No. 6-
Balance at close of
Increase
Decrease
year
$
€9
B-6-1 Cost of road and equipment. 20,752,854.05 B-6-2 Cost of other physical
property
B-6-3 Cost of non-physical assets...
14,995.24
20,737,858.81
Total investment assets
20,752,854.05
14,995.24
B-7 Working assets:
2,236.95
B-7-1 Cash
3,478.60
1,241.65
B-7-2 Loans and Bills of Exchange
B-7-3 Traffic balances receivable
B-7-3-1 Government Railways
B-7-3-2 Private Companies
B-7-3-3 Home line
B-7-4 Other accounts receivable
B-7-4-1 Other Railways
75,524.99
B-7-4-2 Sundry debtors
17,526.75
57,998.24
B-7-4-3 Advance account
262.48
B-7-5 Stores
B-7-5-1 Workshop Suspense
1,137.26
874.78
78,024.42
Total working assets
B-8 Deferred debit itens :
22,142.61
2,116.43
57,998.24
B-8-1 Temporary advance to Govt.
19,552.07 B-8-2 Payments made in advance
(a)
B-8-3 Unextinguished discounts
on funded debt
B-8-4 Abandoned property not
charged off
B-8-5 Special funds
B-8-6 Miscellaneous deferred debits
19,552.07
Total deferred debits
15,610.07
3,912.00
15,640.07
3.912.00
21,167.88
6,756,238.21 B-9 Balance or accumulated deficit... 6,735,070.33
27,591,673.51
Grand total
(a) Head B-8-2 includes:
4/8 cost of Re-railing Tunnel No. 2
$27,525,707.06
17,111.67
83.078.12
$15,610.07
General Balance Sheet.
S 27
Liabilities or Credit Balance.
Balance at beginning
Heads of classifications
of year
B-1 Capital liabilities:-
B-1-1 Shares
B-1-2 Premium on shares
20,737,858.81 B-1-3 Permanent Government in-
vestment
B-1-4 Mortgage bonds
B-1-5 Other secured indebtedness..
20,737,858.81
B-2 Working liabilities:-
346,054.48
B-2-1 Loans and Bills of Exchange B-2-2 Traffic balance payable B-2-2-1 Government Railways B-2-2-2 Private Companies
B-2-3 Matured liabilities unpaid
B-2-4 Other accounts payable B-2-4-1 Other Railways B-2-4-2 Sundry creditors
Cr.
Balance at close of
year
Increase
Decrease
20,752,854.05
14,995.24
20,752,854.05
14,995.24
46,348.23
233,706.25
346,054.48
Total working liabilities
46,348.23
299,706.25
B-3 Deferred credit items:
5,462,394.71
B-3-1 Temporary advances from
Government
(b) 5,679,057.98
216,663.27
B-3-2 Operating reserves
904,186.39 B-3-3 Depreciation réserves
896,278.41
7,907.98
123,130.55
B-3-4 Widows' & Orphans' Pen-
sion Fund
18,048.57 B-3-5 Miscellaneous deferred
130,859.71
credits
.(c)|
20,308.68
7,729.16
2,260.11
6,507,760.22
Total deferred credits
B-4 Appropriations from surpluses:
B-4-1 Additions to property
through surplus
B-4-2 Funded debt retired
through surplus
B-4-3 Fund reserves
Total Appropriations from
surplus
B-5 Balance, or unappropriated
surplus
27,591,673.51
Grand total
(b) Treasury advances.
(c) The Head B-3-5 includes:- Deposits
A. E. PERRY,
Chief Accountant.
6,726,504.78 226,652.54
7,907.98
.$ 27,525,707.06 241,647.78
307,614.23
Fines
Passage appropriation
$ 7,326.33
259.34 12,723.01
$20,308.68
Previous
year
S 28
Statement No. 7-Passenger Traffic and Receipts.
A.-Analysis of Local Passenger Service. PART I. R-1 PASSENGER SERVICE-PASSENGERS.
Current year
Percentage of
No. of
Pas-
Revenue
Kinds of tickets used
units carried
Passenger Revenue Number
miles
senger
carried
miles
1
2
3
4
5
6
Revenue
¢
R-1-1 Ordinary:-
8,434.02
First
29,847.70
Second
366,511.55
Third
8,586 127,730 8,842.24 59,447 730,506 29,744.21 3.06 1,579,488 18,273,376 513,149.05
:
.44
.55
1.34
3.14
4.50
81.18
78.61
77.67
R-1-2 Government:
14.173.05
4,277.50
R-1-2-1 Civil R-1-2-2 Military 3,259.30 R-1-4 Excursion
4,388.35 R-1-5 Excess fares
46,982 689,935 19,198.50
2.41
2.97
2.90
17,787
338,448 7,461.50 18,248 269,114 5.877.65 4,815.35
.92
1.45
1.13
.94
1.16
.89
.73
18,944.20
16.818.00
R-1-8 Season tickets:
R-1-8-1 Public R-1-8-2 Government. 13,841.05 R-1-9 Golfer tickets
110,060 1,409,547 22,843.30
5.66
6.06.
3.46
60,020 16,985
R-1-10 Free passes
740,955 20,510.00 331,717 15,721.80 28,034 333,953
3.08
3.19
3.10
.87 1.43
2.38
1.44
1.44
480,494.72
Total part I
1,945,637 23,245,281 648,163.60 100.00 100.00
98.10
PART II. R-2 PASSENGER SERVICE-OTHER.
Previous
Current year
Percentage of
year
Kinds of tickets used
Revenue
No. of units carried
Pas-
Passenger Revenue
miles
Number
carried senger
miles
Revenue
3
4
6
7
8
1
2
€A
R-2-2 Parcels:·
1,058.60
R-2-2-1 Public
R-2-3 Carriages and
1,102.15
.17
Animals:
3.270.35
R-2-3-1 Public
9,580.00
1.45
122.45
R-2-3-2 Government.
60.95
.01
R-2-4 Special trains:-
246.40
R-2-4-1 Public
107.00
.02
1,138.60
R-2-4-2 Government.
1,684.54
.25
R-2-8 Miscellaneous:·
6.40
R-2-8-1 Public
6.40
R-2-8-2 Government.
5,849.20
486,343.92
Total part II
Total parts I & II ... 1,945,637 23,245,281 660,698.24 100.00
12,534.64
1.90
100.00 100.00
•
S 29
Statement No. 8-Goods Traffic & Receipts.
A.-Analysis of Local Goods Service.
PART I. R-3 GOODS SERVICE GOODS.
Previous year
Current year
Percentage of
Kinds of Goods
Revenue
No. of tons
carried
Revenue
Ton miles
Tons carried
Revenue
Ton
miles
1
2
3
4
7
C.
C.
R-3-1 General merchandise:-
24,077.55 1,194.10
R-3-1-1 Public
30,895.11
35,801.05
R-3-1-2 Government
2,055.93
2,452.55
512,551 38,740
83.17
88.08
87.83
5.54
6.03
6.64
R-3 3 Service Stores:-
R-3-3-2 Material on
956.10
revenue account
4,195.40
1,006.01
32,265
11.29
2.48
5.53
26,227.75
Total part I
37,146.44 39,259.61
583,556
100.00
96.59
100.00
PART II. R-4 GOODS SERVICE— -OTHER
R-4-1 Shunting
2.50
.01
390.00 R-4-3 Demurrage
1,575.40 R-4-4 Special trains
1,383.85
3.40
1,965.40
Total part II
1,386.35
3.41
28,193.15
Total parts I & II
37,146.44 40,645.96
583,556 100.00 100.00
100.00
Statement No. 9-Miscellaneous Operating Revenue.
Percen-
tage
Previous year
1
2
3
C.
$
C.
4
5
Current year
P'ercen-
tage
6
8
C.
3.22
61,330.93
R- 7
Profits of Central Mechanical
Works
9.85
6.39
187,260.07 R- 8
121,649.30 R- 9
Rents
Incidental revenue
6.503.88
184,680.87
18,517.92
.72
20.27
2.03
488.00
(1) Advertising
14,323.07
(2) Station and train
privileges
60.00
3,208.40
5,920.70
(3) Sales of unclaimed and
confiscated goods
11,222.66
5.73
(4)
Profit on stores
transaction
100,663.20
(5)
Miscellaneous
1.00 3,777.26
3.27
.40
248.60
62,136.73 R-10
Auxiliary operation (Foreign
haulage)
7,595.71 R-11
Interchange of rolling stock
Government (water
supplied)
248.60
23.13
* Home Line
Foreign Government
*
439,972.74
$266,379.24 161,714.23 11,879.27
Home Line
Government
$439,972.74
+
209,702.67
23.02
.$196,059.64
13,643.03
$209,702.07.
- S 30
Statement No. 10-Assignments of Operating Expenses.
Total
Previous
year.
amount
Cost per
Cost
Main Heads.
per
for the
mile operated.
train
year.
mile.
1
2
3
4
5
$
é.
$
$
$ ¢.
Main Line.
187,833.53
General Expenses
161,658.26 7,518.99
.94
112,512.89
Traffic Expenses
103,101.15
4,795.40
.60
337,677.83
Running Expenses
177,644.05
8,262.52
1.03
212,623.07
Maintenance of Equipment
195,913.86 9,112.27
1.13
و
118,817.52
Maintenance of Way & Structures
144,116.17 6,703.08
.83
969,464.84
782,433.49 36,392.26
4.53
KOWLOON CANTON RAILWAY. Statement No. 11-Unallocated Stores Account.
(1) Stock in hand at commencement of financial year (2) Add purchases, returns and charges as charged
to Expenditure sub-head
(3) Deduct issues to votes and services as credited
to Expenditure sub-head
(4) Deduct proceeds of stores sold and credited to
Revenue
$147,952.06
304,544.93
$452,496.99
$361,733.27
32,157.33
393,890.60
$ 58,606.39
(5) Transfer between stores (+ or -)
+
57,208.94
(6) Adjustments for stores not paid for in year in
which received (+ or -)
+
1,323.91
(7) Deduct losses and deficiencies written off (8) Stock in hand at close of financial year
Stock in hand at close of financial year as
Treasury Return
Plus stores purchased in 1939, but paid in 1940 Less stores sold in 1939, but collected in 1940 .
20.60
$117,118.64
as per
$115,794.73
$ 2,838.01 .$ 1,514.10
Statement No. 12-Analysis of Traffic Revenue.
A.-Local Traffic.
1,323.91
$117,118.64
Previous year.
Classification.
(A) Terminal
$
Sectional
Total
C.
$ C.
$ C.
(A) Terminal
$ C.
Current year.
Sectional
Total
C.
C.
Passenger service:—
133,148.85 124.80
347,345.87 480,494.72 5,724.40 5,849.20
R-1 Passengers R-2 Other
160,424.75 241.34
487.738.85 12.293.30
648,163.60 12,534.64
Goods service:-
7,735.10
18,492,65 26,227.75 1,965.40 1,965.40
R-3 Goods
R-4 Other
15,618.50 7.50
23.641.11 1,378.85
39.259.61
1,386.35
$141,008.75 $373,528.32 $514,537.07
Total service
$176,292.09 $525 052.11
$701,344.20
(A) Between Kowloon or Yaumati and Lowu.
I
+
Percentage.
S 31
Statement No. 13-Analysis of expenditure.
Previous
E-1 General Expenses Salaries
year.
Allow- Office Current
ances expenses
year
Percen- tage on operating
revenue
$
$ c. $
€***
C.
€
ن
C.
Part I Administration
.01
164.43 E-1-2
2.74 52,136.59 E-1-3
2.45 46,532.38 | E-1-4
.8315,820.78 E-1-5
.17 3,204.11 E-1-6
Direction 4 Furniture
180.26 180.26
.02
General Manager...... 31,839.76 566.56
199.52 32,605.84
3.58
Audit and Accounts... 34,764.82 2,721.46
Stores..
Head Office Expenses
798.06 38,284.34
4.20
18,736.08 480.00
481.05 19,700.13
2.16
134.14
1,834.36 1,968.50
.21
E-1-7
Miscellaneous
.07 1,413.27
2 Advertising..
237.20 237.20
.03
3 Stores Depreciation.............
.01
193.53
.02
299.65
4 Carriage of Stores (Transport).
6 Sundries..
20.60
176.82 176.82
20.60
.02
345.56
345.56
.04
6.30 119,764.74)
Total part I
Percentage
93,519.25
10.26
Previous
year
E-1 General Expenses
Current year
Percen- tage on operating
revenue
.04
$ C.
690.68
Part II - Special.
C.
$
C.
E-1-9
Medical....
787.31
.08
1 Salaries and allowances
529.49
2 Medicines and Hospitals......
257.85
.18 3,484.78 E-1-13
3 Sanitation
Rents
E-1-14 Compensation..
E-1-15
Provident contributions
3.25 61,854.01
.11 2,039.32
E-1-16
1 Pensions and gratuities
Miscellaneous
63,464.65
6.97
3,887.02
.43
3.58 68,068.79
Total part II.................
68,139.01
7.48
9.88 187,833.53
Grand Total
161,658.26
17.74
Percentage
S 32
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of expenditure.
E-2 Traffic Expenses
Current year
Previous year
ن
$
C.
$
C.
$
:
C.
Percen-
tage on operating
revenue
1.78
33,818.26
E-2-1 Superintendence
32,049.79 3.52
32,366.70
1 Salaries
991.72
459.84
2 Allowances
3 Office expenses
30,738.31
1,111.96
199.52
3.03
57,733.82
E-2-2 Station staff
52,946.93
5.81
38,972.64
1 Pay of Station Mas-
ters and Clerks........................
39,287.94
5,798.30
2 Allowances of Station Masteis and Clerks...
1.959.14
12,962.88
3 Labour..
11,699.85
.10 1,984.65
E-2-3 Clothing .
2,148.03
.24
.31
5,824.30
E-2-4 Station supplies and
furniture
5,584.84
1 Supplies
239.46
2 Furniture..
4,813.79
.53
4,586.42
227.37
.40
7,624.57
E-2-5 Printing, stationery and
tickets
5,872.10
.64
-
.29
5,527.29
E-2-8 Miscellaneous..
5,270.51
.58
1,737.07
3 Watchmen....
1,672.59
3,790.22
4 Sundries..
3,597.92
5.91 112,512.89
Grand Total...................
103,101.15
11.32
Percentage
- S 33
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of expenditure.
Previous year
E-3 Running Expenses
Current year
Percen-
tage on operating
revenue
C.
$
C.
E-3-1 Locomotive..........
$
€9:
C.
$ C.
1.79 34,103.83
1 Engine staff
23,284.49
2.56
20,223.65
1 Pay of Drivers and
Firemen
17,878.00
8,317.51
2 Overtime of Drivers
and Firemen
446.00
4,497.74
3 Labour.....
3,893.08
1,064.93
4 Sundries
1,067.41
13.45 255,820.42
2 Fuel
117,637.55
12.91
255,273.29
547.13
1 Coal (5,478.87 tons) 115,340.99
3 Labour..
2,296.56
.54 10,187.54
.25 4,851.41
16.03 304,963.20
4 Lubricants..
5,495.39
.60
5 Other stores.
3,317.90
.37
Total Locomotive ...
1-19,735.42
16.44
E-3-2 Carriage and Wagon........
.44 8,252.67
1 Labour......
5,508.36
.60
.05
989.17
2 Lubricants
616.72
.07
.18 3,425.26
3 Other stores
2,432.50
.27
.67
12,667.10
Total Carriages and
Wagons...
8,557.58
.94
.26
4,903.83
E-3-3 Motor vehicles.....
5,837.29
.64
2,033.08
1 Labour.
2,056.00
2,870.75
2 Fuel.
3,781.29
3 Other stores
.26
4,903.83
Total Motor vehicle
5,837.29
.64
E-3-4
Traffic
.79
15,143.70
1 Train staff
13,513.76
1.48
12,850.71
1 Pay of Conductors
and Guards...
12,200.26
765.32
2 Overtime of Conduc
tors and Guards.......
135.89
685.96
3 Pay of Brakesmen
and Carboys
579.73
841.71
4 Sundries.
597.88
.79
15,143.70
Total traffic...
13,513.76
1.48
17.75 337,677.83
Grand Total
177,644.05
19.50
Percentage
S 34
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of expenditure.
Previous year
F
C. $
SA
1.36 25,884.76
C.
23,903.73 601.50 1,379.53
E-4 Maintenance of Equipment
Current year
Part I Locomotive Depart-
ment
E-4-1 Superintendence
1 Salaries..
2 Allowances
3 Office expenses
CA
C.
C.
Percen- tage on onerating
revenue
36,471.78
4.00
35,229.40 646.83 598.55
:
3.79 71,981.75
E-4-2 Locomotives
56,539.64
6.21
1 Repairs..
34,355.49
1 Labour.
34,416.48
26,591.23
2 Materials.
12,103.07
3,312.47
3 Miscellaneous..
2,294.53
3.64 69,299.91
13,249.50
23,233.22
1,656.24
7,722.56
E-4-3 Carriages.
1 Repairs
2 Depreciation.
7,722.56
62,767.78
6.89
!
1 Labour.
12,738.89
2 Materials
18,830.70
3 Miscellaneous
1,147.27
31,160.95
2 Depreciation
30,050.92
1.63 31,029.22
E-4-4 Goods wagons
24,517.46
2.69
1 Repairs
6,080.73 13,109.86
1 Labour
6,319.39
2 Materials
3,800.45
1,656.23
3 Miscellaneous
1,147.26
10,182.40
2 Depreciation
13,250.36
.23
4,377.88
E-4-5 Motor vehicles
5,269.51
.58
1 Repairs
256.30 1,146.50
1 Labour
332.56
2 Materials
1,420.56
3 Miscellaneous
2,975.08
2 Depreciation
3,516.42
.17
3,162.04
E-4-7 Service equipment
3,886.17
.43
1 Repairs...
2,001.81 150.25
1 Labour
2,763.76
2 Materials
112.43
3 Miscellaneous
1,009.98
2 Depreciation
1,009.98
.23
4,438.90
E-4-8 Plant and tools
4,610.92
.50
3,043.02 1,395.88
1 Plant
2 Tools..
2,974.13 1,636.79
.13 2,448.61
E-4-11 Miscellaneous
1,847.57
.20
1 Loss on stores
2 Carriage of stores
1,660.41 788.20
3 Watchmen...
4 Passages
1,672.59 174.98
11.18 212,623.07
E-4-12 Engine power
Grand Total....
195,913.86
21.50
Percentage.
$
S 35
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of expenditure.
Previous year
C.
$
C.
E-5 Maintenance of Way &
Current year.
Structures.
$
C.
C.
Percen- tage on operating
revenue.
1.43
27,220.15
23,890.07 2,024.75 1,305.33
.20 3,790.04
.02
279.09
.05
1,017.28
Part I Engineering Dept.
E-5-1 Superintendence..
1 Salaries
2 Allowances
3 Office expenses
E-5-2 Formation & Line pro-
tection
E-5-3 Tunnels
E-5-4 Bridgework
3.22
61,240.42
E-5-5 Track...
25,776.02
1 Labour..
24,759.22
2 Sleepers
22,213.55 2.44
20,327.61 1,190.33 695,61
5,778.41
.63
169.24 1.244.60
.02
.14
79,167.38
8.69
25,914.45
29,810.06
7,476.35
3.228.83
3 Rails and fastenings.... 18,648.60 4 Ballast..
4,794.27
.19
3,585,82
E-5-6 Signals and switches
7,031.54
.77
.38
7,207.52
4,207.88 2,999.64
E-5-7 Stations and buildings
2 Stations & buildings 3 Staff quarters
14,595.31 1.60
8,657.02 5,938.29
4 Station appurtenances...
.06
1,192.60
E-5-8
Central mechanical works
.14 2,607.23
E-5-9
Plant and tools
1,320.11 1,287.12
1 Plant
2 Tools
E-5-10 Extraordinary expenses
1,693.87 2,334.88
.19
.26
996.19 1,338.69
.19 1,976.91
E-5-11 New minor works
.10 3,657.85
E-5-12 Miscellaneous
1,869.62 2,916.01
.20
.32
2 Carriage of stores
1,017.67
3 Watchmen
1,115.06
4 Plantations
2,640.18
6 Sundries
1,800.95
5.98 113,774.91
Total part I
139,014.41 15.26
Part II Other Dept.
.27 5,042.61
E-5-14 Telegraphs.
1,839.96 3,202.65
1 Salaries
.27 5,042.61
6.25 118,817.52
2 Maintenance
E-5-15 Docks, harbours and
wharves
2 Maintenance
5,101.76
.56
1,839.96 3,251.80
Total part II
5,101.76
.56
Grand Total
1++,116.17 15.82
S 36
PART II.-Statistical Tables.
Table A.-Analysis of operated mileage.
Particulars
Second
Main
track Sidings
Total
line
loops
Lines owned :-
Miles
Miles
Miles
Miles
Kowloon to Lowu (Gauge 4'8")
21.76
2.13
10.96 34.85
Table B.--Permanent Way renewals.
Previous year
Particulars
Current year
1. Sleepers.
3,289
Wood (Kempas)
3,945 pieces
Concrete (new)
728
Concrete (2nd hand)
1,380 pieces
4,017
Total
5,325 pieces
7.92%
5.97%
Percentage renewal
2. Ballast.
2,041
21" Granite
3. Rails.
4
85 lb. B.S.S. 36 ft. (new)
1,488 cubic yards
71 lengths
24
85 lb. B.S.S. 36 ft. (2nd hand)
35
72
4. Points and Crossings.
LO
5
Crossings
4
Switches
5 sets
7 pairs
A
B.
Class
Table C.-Classification of Rolling Stock-Motive Power.
STEAM
LOCOMOTIVES.
Weight on Driving Wheels.
Tractive
effort
@ 85%
Boiler
Each
Maximun.
Pressure
engine
axle load
1
N
3
+
5
10
6
CO
7
00
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Years
Tons
Tons
Lbs.
2-6-4
19"
26"
611⁄2"
Side tank
89.75
00
25.67
51.00
17.00
23,350
4-6-4
22"
28"
61蛋”
"}
106.00
4
14.25
60.00
20.00
33,720
0-4-0 123" 18"
36"
Saddle tank
24.25
2
2
5.83
24.25
12.12
10,620
Total
14
14
PETROL RAILCARS
Hall Scott Motor Coaches
4' 8" Gauge In-
ternal Combustion
Engine
8"
10"
39.80
2
2
Bedford Six
Cylinders Rail-bus.
3T
34"
14.40
1.
1
150 Horse Power 30 Passengers
R.A.C. and S.A.E. Rating 26.33 Horse Power
45 Passengers.
S 37
www
Table D.-Classification of Rolling Stock-Carriages.
Classification
Average tare of each
class
1
Seating
capacity
(passengers)
Total stock
at the
beginning of
Additions
during the
year
Reductions
during the
Total stock at
the end of
year
the year
the year
3
4
Coaching Vehicles 4′ 8′′
Tons.
Cwt.
Reserved Saloon Coach
25
18
25
1
First class Dining Car
38
10
40
2
First class Buffet Car
41
5
54
1
First class Air-Conditioned Lounge Car
40
4
31
1
First class Carriage
40
15
54
5
10
Second class Carriage
35
0
64
7
First and Second class Composite Carriage
36
10
56
2
Second and Third class Composite Carriage
38
0
91
1
Third class Carriage
34
120
16
Third class Luggage and Brake
34
3
84
5
LO
Third class Brake
34
0
100
2
Third class and Kitchen Car
34
10
98
1
Total
6
Total seating
capacity
(passengers)
8
---
1
25
2
80
1
54
1
31
270
7
448
2
112
1
91
16
1,920
5
10
420
Q
200
1
96
10
1 1 1 1 1
44
44
3,747
$ 38
Classification
Classification
length of
Wagon
Overall
Table E.-Classification of Rolling Stock-Goods Wagons.
Average Tare
of each
Class
Carrying
Capacity (Tons)
at the
beginning
Total stock
of the year
Additions
during the
year
1
2
3.
+
5
CO
7
8
9
Goods Vehicles 4' 8" Gauge.
Tons.
Cwt.
35-ton Covered Goods
39' 0"
19
2
40
20
20
800
30-ton Covered Goods
35' 0"
15
5
30
31
31
930
30-ton Rail Bogie
35′ 0′′
13
30
:11
11
330
30-ton Open Goods
35′ 0′′
14
30
25
25
750
30-ton Cattle Truck
35′ 0′′
15
30
4
.4
120:
30-ton Fish Truck
35′ 0′′
15
30
3
3
90
15-ton Covered Goods
19′0′′
10
15
22
22
330
15-ton Cattle Truck
19′ 0′′
10
15
3
3
45
15-ton Open Goods
19′0′′
7
16
15
7
· 105
15-ton Goods Brake Van
19′0′′
15
10
15
Total
130
60
130
3,560
65-ton Breakdown Cranc 5-ton Locomotive Crane 30-ton Water Tank Wagon Breakdown Van
14 H.P. Motor Trolley
Table F.-Classification of Rolling Stock-Service Equipment.
Average tare of each class
Total stock at the beginning
of the year
Additions
during the
year
Reductions
during the
year
2
3
4
5
87 tons
1
31 tons 10 cwt.
1
15 tons 5 cwt.
4
15 tons 5 cwt.
2 tons 1 cwt.
2
1
Reductions
during the
year
at the end of the year
Total stock
Total stock at the end of the year
6
1
1
4
2
1
carrying capacity
Total
S 39
$ 40
Table G.-Analysis of Steam Train Mileage
Hauled by British Section Locomotives.
Previous year †
Locomo- Miles
Classification
Mileage tive
per
hours
hour
Train miles & hours
Current year
Locomo- Miles
Mileage tive
per
hours
hour
Local traffic:-
Passenger
27,973
1,338
20.91
Ordinary
3,784
184
20.57
685
32
21.41
Special
903
45
20.07
71,168
3,476
20.47
Mixed
106,341
5,321
19.99
99,826
4,846 20.60
Total
111,028
5,550
20.01
Goods
8,760
9,680
15,915
34,355
605 14.48 533 18.16 801 19.87
1,939 17.72
Ordinary
488
35
13.94
Special
481
28
17.18
Mixed
30,266
1,793
16.88
Total
31,235
1,856
16.83
2,075
340
6.10
Service
2,698
370
7.29
Total train mileage
136,256 7,125 19.12
and hours
144,961
7,776
18.64
Assisting:-
8,194 1,365 6.00
Passengers
8,837
1,469
6.01
1,311
218
6.00
Goods
1,290
214
6.02
9,505
1,583
6.00
Total
10,127
1,683
6.01
213
9
23.66 Light
136
7
19.42
21,900 3,650
6.00 Shunting
21,924
3,654 6.00
59,981
227,855
9,997
22,364
6.00 Standing in steam
54,234
9,039 6.00
10.19
Grand total
231,382
22,159 10.44
† Local traffic only.
Previous year
Mileage
5,405
14,334
S 41
Table H.-Analysis of Railcar mileage.
Local traffic:-
Passenger
Ordinary service
Current year
Mileage
6,544
21,090
192
Shuttle service
158
Special
88
Service
19,985
Total train mileage
27,826
1,867
21,852
Light
894
Total engine mileage
28,720
Table I.-Analysis of Carriage & Wagon mileage.
Previous year
Classification
923,109 Carriage mileage
1,068,740
Wagon mileage
1,991,849
Total vehicle mileage
Table J.-Timekeeping of booked trains.
Current year
743,483
235,619
979,102
Previous year
Current year
Classification of
No. of Average Percent-
Trains
run
late
Minutes age on
time
Trains
No. of Trains
Average Percent-
Minutes age on
run
late
time
622
55.88
14.47 Through Express
Through Fast
528
9.37
504 183.47 27.98
73.30
Through Mixed
Through Slow
5,452
2.92 52.64
Local
6,881
2.17
83.36
7.106
20.84 49.00
All Services
6.881
2.17
83.36
Items
1st
2nd
1
2
3
Ordinary
Table K.-Statistics of Passenger Traffic.
A.-Local Service.
Government
Season
Total for
Free passes
Government
current year
Total for
previous
year
10
11
12
13
14
Golfers
Excursion
3rd
Total
ordinary
Civil
Military
Public
5
6
7
8
1. Number carried
8,586
2. Passenger miles
127,730
59,447 1,579,488 1,647.521 730,506 18,273,376 19,131,612
46,982
17,787
16,985
18,248
110,060
60.020
689,935
338,448
331,717
269,114
1,409,547
740,955
28,034 1,945,637
333,953 23,245.281
1,428,417
17,430,243
*
3. Passenger miles per mile of line
5,941
33,977
849,924
889,842
32,090
15,742
15,429
12,517
65,560
34,463
15,533
1,081,176
790,128
4. Average journey per pas- senger in miles
14.88
12.29
11.57
11.61
14.69
19.03
19.53
14.75
12.81
12.35
11.91
11.95
12.20
*
5. Average number of pas- sengers per mile of line
399
2,765
73,465
76,€29
2,185
827
790
849
5,119
2,792
1,304
90,495
64,751
6. Average number of pas- senger miles per train mile
.92
5.26
131,60
137.78
4.97
2.44
2.39
1.94
10.15
5.34
2.40
167.41
145.52
7. Revenue
8,842.24
29,744.21
517,964.40
556,550.85
19,198.50
7,461,50
15,721.80
5,877.65
22,843.30
20,510.00
648,163.60
480,494.72
8. Average revenue per pas- senger
1.03
.50
.33
.34
.41
.42
.93
.32
.21
.34
.33
.34
**
9. Revenue per mile of line S
411.27
1,383.45
24,091.37
25,886.09
892.95
347.05
731.24
273.38
1,062.48
953.95
30,147.14
21,781.26
10. Revenue per passenger mile
.069
.041
.028
.029
.028
.022
.047
.022
.016
.028
.028
.028
+11. Average revenue per pas-
senger train mile
.064
.214
3.730
4.008
.138
.054
113
.042
.165
.148
4.668
4.011
1
* Miles of line-21.50.
+ Passenger train miles-138,854.
S 42
-
S 43
Table L.-Statistics of Goods Traffic.
A.-Local Service.
Items
General merchandise
Government
Material for other railways
Service stores
Total for current year
1
2
3
6
Total for previous
year
7
1. Tons carried
2. Ton miles
30,895.11 512,551
2,055.93 38 740
*
3. Ton miles per mile of line
23,839
1,802
4.195.40 32,265 1,501
37,146 44 583 556
25.924 12
27,142
412 344 18,692
4. Average haul per ton (in
miles)
!
16.59
18.84
7.69
15.71
15.90
*
5. Average number of tons
per mile of line
1,436.98
95.62
195,14
1,727.74
1,175.16
6. Average number of ton
miles per train mile
7. Revenue
16.41
1.24
1.03
8. Average revenue per ton...$
*
9. Revenue per mile of line...$ 10. Revenue per ton mile
$
35,801.05 1.16 1,665.17 .070
2,452.55 1.19
1 006.01
18.68 39 259.61
11.75
26.227.75
.24
114.07
46.79
.063
.031
1.06 1,826.03 .067
1.01
1,188.93 .064
11. Average revenue per goods
train mile
1.146
.079
.032
1.257
.747
Previous year
Total
1
* Miles of line-21.50.
† Goods train miles-31 235.
Table M.-Passenger Train Statistics.
A.-Local Service.
Particulars
Current year
1st Class
2nd Class 3rd Class
Total
3
5
6
48,895
1. Seat miles (in 000s)
6,343
2,216.455
2. Average seat mileage per mile of line *
295,023
8,526
396,558
58.130
72,999
2,703,721
3,395,302
408
3. Average seat mileage per train mile
46
61
419
526
0.98
4. Average revenue per seat mile .........cents
0.51
0.53
0.98
0.89
0.3565
5. Average passenger miles per seat mile
0.1032
0.1499
0.3666
0.3184
Miles of line--21.50.
Previous
year
Table N.-Goods Train Statistics.
A.-Local Service.
Particulars.
1. Wagon ton mileage (in 000s)
Current
year
646
543
1,270
1,373
3,832
68.97 173,708
109 1,928
0.0203
(a) Loaded:-
Up Down
1,257
1,479
(b) Empty :--
Up
405
Down
193
(c) Total
3,334
17.94
155,070
107 1,796
$
0.0131
wagon ton mile
.21
2. Percentage of empty to total wagon ton mileage 3. Average wagon ton mileage per mile of line * 4. Average wagon ton miles per train mile 5. Average wagon ton mileage per locomotive hour 6. Average revenue per loaded wagon ton mile
(ordinary) 7. Average ton miles per loaded
.35
* Miles of line-21.50.
Table O.-Consumption of Coal on Locomotives.
Coal consumed
Pounds per
Train
Service
Year
miles
Engine Gross trailing hours ton miles
Class of Engine
Tons
1,000 gross Train trailing
ton miles
mile
Engine
hour
1938
136,256 7,125 30,348,217
Local
1939
144,961
7,776 37,934,073
4,949.25 365.30 81.36 1,555 5,189.64 306.44
A & B
80.19
1,494
1938
3,650
295.75
181
Shunting & light
S
ΤΩ
1939
3,654
289.23
177
Total
1939
1938 136,256 10,775 30,348,217 144,961 11,430 37,934,073
5,245.00
5,478.87
387.13 86.22
1,090
323.52 84.66 1,073
S 44
—
S 45
$4,589.94
Table P.-Miscellaneous Running Costs and Performances.
Previous year
1 Average cost of repairs per locomotive
per annum
Current year
$3,486.93
$ 866.77
2 Average cost of repairs per passenger
car per annum
$ 743.56
$ 160.36
3 Average cost of repairs per goods wagon
per annum
$
86.67
$
21.96
4 Average cost per ton of coal
$
21.05
5 Average cost of locomotive repairs :-
$
0.142
(a) per engine mile
$
0.210
$
0.259
(b) per train mile
$
0.336
$5
1.30
6 Average cost of lubricants per gallon
$
1.27
7 Average cost of lubricants for locomo-
tive:-
$
0.02252
(a) per engine mile
$
0.02375
$
ᎾᎯ
0.04119
(b) per train mile
$
0.03790
$
CA
0.496
8 Average cost of lubricants for coaching and goods vehicles per 1,000 vehicle miles
CA
0.629
$
0.662
9 Average cost per gallon of petrol
$
0.665
21.27
10 Average steam train miles per ton of coal.
26.45
13.83 pints
0.253,.
5.70
0.358 gals
0.128
وو
11 Lubricating oil consumed by steam
locomotives:
3
(a) per 100 engine miles (b) per train mile
14.03 pints
0.238
12 Lubricating oil consumed by coaching and goods vehicles per 1,000 vehicle miles
13 Petrol consumed per railcar train
miles:-
(a) Motor coaches
(b) Rail bus
6.25
""
0.342 gals
0.130
""
14 Lubricating oil consumed per railcar train
mile :-
(a) Motor coaches
0.291 pints
0.178
J
(b) Rail bus
0.293 pints
0.151
,,
Number employed at end of
previous year
$ 46
Table Q.-List of employees.
Number employed
at end of
current year
Classification
Basis of pay
Basis of pay
(As per operating expenses)
Monthly
Daily
Monthly
Daily
1
2
3
4
5
1
1
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION.
Manager (is also Chief Engineer)
Chief Accountant
Storekeeper (is also Traffic Manager)
1
Manager's office
24
Clerks
Accounts office
.15
Storekeeper's office
2 LO H
2
21
4
11
Office
Attendants, Messengers,
Manager's office
3
Accounts office
3
Storekeeper's office
9
1
and Coolies.
Store coolies
2)
18
Watchmen
IS
TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT.
1
1
Traffic Manager (is also Storekeeper)
Traffic Assistant (is also Acting Chief
Accountant)
CO
3
Traffic Inspectors
10
Station Masters
17
Booking Clerks
4
Goods Clerks
3
Telephone Operators
3
Clerks
1
Office Attendant
1 :
1
3
10
16
4
3
2
1
53
Signalmen, Porters, Shunters, Block Opera-
tors, Pointsmen and Gatemen
3
Printers
47
3
со
3
Coolies
20
Running Staff
2
20
177
Carried forward
162